高考英语书面表达常用重点必背句型
一、以形式主语it引导的句型 句型1
It (so) happened (chanced) that + clause. = sb. happened / chanced to do sth. = sb. did sth. by chance. 如:
It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在 =He happened to be out when I got there. =It chanced that he was out when I got there. =He was out by chanced when I got there. 句型2
It seems that sb. do / be doing / have done / had done= sb. seems to do / be doing / have done / to be done / to have been done (还有动词appear等可以这样使用) 如: It seemed that he had been to Beijing before. 他好像以前去过北京。 =He seemed to have been to Beijing before. 句型3
It is / was + 被强调的部分 + that(who) + 剩余的部分。如:
It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed. 直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型中的谓语动词否定的转移。)
It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today. 只因为他病了今天没有来上学。(只能用 because 而不能用for, as或者since) It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。(句中am不能用are来代替) 句型4
It is high time (time / about time) + (that) 主语 + did + 其它。(从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气。)如:
It is high time that we went (should go) home. 我们该回家了。 句型5
It is / was said (reported…) + that + 从句。如:
It was said that he had read this novel. 据说他读过这篇小说, =he was said to have read this novel. 句型6
It is impossible / necessary / strange … that clause. (从句中的谓语用should + do / should have done,其形式是虚拟语气。)如:
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam. 真奇怪,他这次考试没有及格。 句型7
It is + a pity / a shame … that clause. (注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have done的形式,但should可以省略。)如:
He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来,他没有看到这部电影真可惜。
句型8
It is suggested / ordered / commanded / … that + clause. (从句中的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如:
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off. 有人建议推迟会议。 句型9
It is / was + 表示地点的名词 + where + 从句。(注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where引导的定语从句。)如:
It was this house where I was born. 请比较:It was in this house that I was born. (后一句是强调句型。) 句型10
It is / was + 表示时间的名词 + when + 从句。(注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when引导的定语从句。)如:
It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较:It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States. 句型11
It is well-known that + 从句。如:
It is well-known that she is a learned woman. 众所周知,她是个知识渊博的妇女。 句型12
It is + 段时间 + since + 主语 + did. 请比较:It was + 段时间 + since + 主语 + had done. 如: It is five years since he left here. 他已经离开这儿五年了。 It was five years since he left here. (同上)
注意下列句型的翻译:It is five years since he lived here. 他从这儿搬走已经有五年了。 句型13
It + 谓语 + 段时间 + before + 主语 + 谓语.(before引导的是时间状语从句。)如: It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up. 没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。 It will be three hours before he comes back. 三个小时后他才能回来。 句型14
It is + adj. (possible, impossible, necessary 等) + for + sb. + to do. 如:
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow. 我明天之前完成此工作时不可能的。 句型15
It is + (心理品质方面的) adj. + of + sb. + to do. = 主语 + be + adj. + to do. (常用的形容词有:kind, stupid, foolish, good, wise 等。)如:
It is kind of you to help me. = You are kind to help me. 你真好给我提供了帮助。 二、定语从句: 句型16
由as引导的非限定性定语从句。如:
As we have known, he is a most good student. 众所周知,他是个很好的学生。请比较:It is well-known that he is a most good student.(前一个是定语从句,而后者是个主语从句。)
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句型17
由which引导的非限定性定语从句。如:
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. 他是个教授,那是我一直盼望的职业。(因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词,因此引导词用which,而不用who。) 句型18
由where,when引导的定语从句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。)如:
This is the house where I used to come. 请比较:This is the house which/that I used to come to. This is the day when I joined the Party. 请比较:This is the day which/that I joined the Party on. (说明:关于that与which之间的区别,请看关系代词that和which的区别。) 三、让步状语从句 句型19
No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose + 从句 + 主句(注意从句中的时态一般情况下用一般现在时态)如:
No matter what you do, you must do it well. 请比较:Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么一定要做好。
No matter where you go, please let me know. 请比较:Wherever you go, please let me know. 你无论去哪儿,请通知我。
(说明:这两种句型形式不同,而意义完全相同。)
(注意:I will tell whoever would like to read it. 句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它既作动词tell的宾语,又作后面从句的主语。) 四、条件状语从句 句型20
So long as / As long as / Once + 从句 + 主句(从句也可以放在主句之后。)如: As long as you give me any money, I will let you go. 只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走。
Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你开始学习英语,你应该把它学好。 句型21
主句 + on condition that + 从句,如:
I will go with you on condition that you give me a sum of money. 我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。 句型22
主句 + unless + 从句(注意:由于unless本身是否定词,所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定而不用否定。)如:
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains. 我明天去那儿除非下雨。 句型23
祈使句,+ and + 主句。(注意:祈使句也可以用一个名词短语。)如:
Use your head, and you will find a good idea. 动脑筋想一想,你就会想出一个好主意。 Another word, and I will beat you. 你再说一句,我就揍你。
句型24
If + necessary / impossible / important 等,+主句。(注意:if与形容词之间的it is被省略。)如: If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话,我来做此事。 五、原因状语从句 句型25
主句 + in case + 从句。(in case 表示以免)如:
I will take my raincoat in case it rains. 我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。 句型26
主句 + due to / because of / owning to + the fact that + 从句。如:
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill. 由于他有病了,所以没有来上学。 六、时间状语从句 句型27
When / While / As + 从句,+ 主句。如:
When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you. 当我在农村时,我常常给你打水。 句型28
主句 + after / before + 从句。如:
We went home after we had finished the work. 我们做完此工作就回家了。 句型29
主语 + 肯定谓语 + until + 从句。请比较:主句 + 否定谓语 + until + 从句。如: I worked until he came back. 我一直工作到他回来。 I didn’t work until he came back. 他回来我才开始工作。 句型30
As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute + 从句,+ 主句。如:
My father went out immediately I got home. 我一到家,我父亲就出去了。 句型31
No sooner + had + 主语 + done … than + 主语 + did. 请比较:主语 + had + no sooner + done … than + 主语 + did. 如:
No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you. 我一到北京就给你打电话了。请比较:I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you. 句型32
Hardly / Scarcely ([‘skε?sli], adv. 几乎不) / Rarely + had + 主句 + done … when / before + 主语 + did. 请比较:主语 + had + hardly / scarcely / rarely + done … when / before + 主语 + did. Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。请比较:She had hardly had supper when she went out. 句型33
By the time + 从句,+主句。(注意时态的变化。)如:
By the time you , I had finished this book. 到你回来时,我已经写完了这本书。
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By the time youback, I will have finished this book. 到你回来时,我将写完这本书了。 句型34
Each / Every time + 从句,+ 主句。(这是相当于whenever或no matter when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如:
Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me. 每当他来哈尔滨,总是顺便来看看我。 七、地点状语从句 句型35
Where + 从句,+ 主句。如:
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible. 哪里没有雨水,种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。 句型36
Wherever + 从句,+ 主句。如:
I will go wherever you suggest. 你建议我去哪儿,我就去哪儿。 八、目的状语从句 句型37
主句 + in order that / so that + 从句。如:
I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus. 我起得很早,以便能赶上早班车。 句型38
主句 + for + sb. + to do. (注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。)如: He came here for me to work out this problem. 他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。 九、结果状语从句 句型39
主句 + so that + 从句。如:
It was very cold, so that the river froze. 天气很冷,因此河水结冰了。 句型40
So + adj. / adv. + 特定动词(助动词或系动词)+ 主语 + … + that + 从句。
So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again. 这本书那么有趣,我想再读一遍。 句型41
主语 + 谓语 + such + n. + that + 从句。如:
He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher. 他进步很快,老师表扬了他。 句型42
Such was + 主语 + that + 从句。(这是个完全倒装句。)如:
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken. 爆炸力这么大,所有的窗户都被震碎了。 句型43
主句 + only + to do sth. (only和动词不定式一起作结果状语。)如: I work up very late only to find that my wife had gone to work. 我醒得很晚,结果发现我的妻子已经上班了。
十、比较状语从句 句型44
The + 形容词比较级……,(主句)the + 形容词比较级 + ……,如: The sooner you do it, the better it will be. 越早越好。 句型45
主语 + 谓语 + as + 形容词原级 + as + 被比较的对象。如: He is as busy as a bee. 他非常忙。 句型46
主语 + 谓语 + the + 形容词比较级 + of / between … He is the taller of the two. 他们两人中他高。 句型47
主语 + 谓语 + 倍数 + as + 形容词原级 + as + 被比较的对象。如:
This room is three times as large as that one. 这个房间时那个房间的三倍大。 句型48
主语 + 谓语 + 百分数 / 倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than + 被比较的对象。如: This city is twice larger than ours. 这个城市比我们城市大两倍。
The early rice output in that commune was 200% than that of 2001. 那个公社的早稻产量是20xx年的两倍。 句型49
主语 + 谓语 + the size / length / width / height + of + 被比较的对象。如: Our building is twice the height of yours. 我们的大楼是你们大楼的两倍高。 十一、其它句型 句型50
It doesn’t matter + 疑问词(wh-) + 从句。如:
It doesn’t matter to me what you will do tomorrow. 你明天做什么与我无关。 It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not. 你来不来无关紧要。 句型51
Adj. / Adv. / n. (可数单数) + as + 主语 + 谓语,+ 主句。如: Young as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他很小,但他知道得很多。
Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam. 虽然他学习很努力,这次考试他肯定不能几个。
Child as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他是个孩子,但他懂得很多。 句型52
Were / Should / Had + 主语 + 谓语,+ 主句。如:
Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday. 如果我是你的话,昨天我就去那儿了。 句型53
Only + 状语 + 特定动词 + 主语 + 谓语……
Only by this means can I do this work well. 只有用哪种方式我才能做好此工作。
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Only because he was ill did he not come to school. 只因为他有病了才没有来上学。
Only then did I realize that I had been wrong. 只有那时,我才认识到我错了。
句型54
Not only + 特定动词 + 主语 + 谓语 … but also + 主语 + 谓语 … 如:
Not only did he learn English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英语学的好,而且法语讲得很流利。
句型55
Whether … or …, Neither … nor …, Either … or …
Whether he will come or not isn’t important. 他不来不重要。
句型56
主语 + doubt + whether + 从句。请比较:主语 + 特定否定词 + doubt + that + 从句。如: I don’t doubt that he will come this afternoon. 我确信他下午一定能来。
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