高一英语必修3词汇复习总结
Unit 1 Festivals around the world
1.mean doing sth. 意味着 mean to do sth. 打算或企图做某事 mean sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 be meant for 打算作…用 2. take place 发生；举行 take the place of sb= be in place of sb 替代某人
3.of all kinds 各种各样的 4.starve to death饿死 be starved of sth. 缺乏 starve for sth /
starve to do 渴望 5.be satisfied with感到满意 to one’s satisfaction感到满意是...
6. in memory of / in honor of . 纪念某人
7. do harm to sb. =do sb. harm =be harmful to sb. 伤害某人 8.in the shape of呈…的形状
9.award sth.(to sb.) =award sb.sth.(for sth.) 给予, 颁奖 reward sb. for sth. 因...奖赏某人
10.reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人 10.dress up打扮,化装 11. admire sb. for sth在某方面钦佩某人 12.look forward to期望, 期待 13. have fun with sb. 玩得开心, 过得快乐 =have a good time = enjoy oneself. 14. turn up.来, 出现; 把音量开大些 15. keep one’s word 守信用 16. break one’s word 失信
17. set off 动身, 出发; 使（地雷、炸弹）爆炸 18. remind sb. of sth. 提醒, 使想起
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 19. forgive sb (for) sth 原谅某人某事 forgiving adj. 宽容的
20. apologize to sb for (doing) sth = make an apology to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉
Unit 2 Healthy eating
1.a healthy diet健康饮食 a balanced diet平衡的饮食 2.in different way用另外方式
3.most often最经常4.feel frustrated感到沮丧 5.by lunchtime到午餐时间 6.must have happened一定发生过
7.be tired of 厌倦 8.be amazed at sth. 对...感到惊奇 9. throw away扔掉 get away with 逃脱
10. get across(使)被理解 get rid of 摆脱, 除掉 get over 克服 get through 完成;花光;接通电话
get down to doing sth 着手做… 11.tell lies说谎 12.energy-giving food提供热量的食物 1
body-building foods提供营养的食物 13.keep fit保持精力旺盛 14.do some research into
做一些...方面的研究 15.earn one’s living谋生 16.be in debt负债 17.glare at怒视 stare at 凝视 18.move round绕过
19.spy on在暗中侦察；打探 20.upset sb.使......不安 be upset=be unhappy
21.rather than而不是
22.look ill感到不舒服feel sick感到恶心 23.chat(ting) about聊起关于...
24.before long不久
25.cut down减少 cut in插嘴,打断 26. build up one’s strengthen增强实力 27. be
limited to sth受限制于…
set a limit to sth 对…规定限度 go beyond /over the limit 超过限度 within the
limits of…在..范围内
28. not…have sb doing不允许某人做 have sb do 让某人做 have sth
done 让别人做某事
have sth to do 有些事情要做 have sth to be done 有些事情需要别人做
高一英语必修3知识点归纳（1）
Unit 1 Festivals around the world
1. mean 的用法
1). mean doing sth. “意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）”, 其主语通常是指事物的词。
2). mean to do sth. “打算或企图做某事”，主语通常是表示人的名词或代词，过去完成式表示
“本来打算做某事”。
3). mean sb. to do sth. “打算让某人做某事”，也可以用于被动结构。
4). mean 后接名词、副词或从句, “表示；打算；存心”等意思；后接that 从句，意为“表示……”。
5). be meant for “打算给予；打算作……用”。
In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour.
A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting
2. take place 发生；举行 (不能用于被动语态中!)
① The performance didn’t take place after all. 演出终于没有进行。
② Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place? 事故发生时，有人路过那里
吗？
与place相关短语：
in the first place （用于列举理由）首先，第一点 in the last place 最后
in one’s place 处于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想 in place 放在原来的位
置，就位
in place of 代替，用……而不用…… take one’s place 找替某人接替某
人的位置
3. of all kinds 各种各样的
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相关归纳：all kinds of 各种各样的 the same kind of 相同种类的
different kinds of 不同种类的 this/that kind of 这（那）种 a kind of 某种
① That kind of question is very difficult to answer.= Questions of that kind are difficult to
answer.
② We sell all kinds of shoes.= We sell shoes of all kinds.
③ You can see different kinds of animals in the zoo.
= You can see animals of different kinds in the zoo. 你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动物。 用动词的适当形式填空
① Books of this kind ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.
② This kind of books ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.
4. starve v. 挨饿; 饿死
He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。
5. plenty n. 富裕
days/years/...of plenty 富裕的日子/年月
如：You have a life of plenty, what would you be worried about?
plenty pron. 大量; 充足
plenty of可修饰可数名词和不可数名词, 用于陈述句。
如: You needn’t hurry. There is plenty of time left. 你不必慌忙, 剩下的时间很充足。 Taking plenty of exercise every day keeps you healthy. 每天多运动会使你身体健康。
6. 1) satisfy vt. 满足,使…满意; satisfy sb. satisfied a. 感到满意的; be satisfied with satisfying a. 令人愉快的 satisfaction n. 满意; to one’s satisfaction
satisfactorily ad. 满意地 satisfactory a. 令人满意的
She bought a satisfactory computer—it’s cheap and of high quality.
hurt, injure, harm, damage, wound的区别与用法
hurt 普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害,也可精神上, 感情上的伤害。
如:The girl hurt herself badly in the accident.那位女孩在那次事故中伤得很重。
injure比hurt正式, hurt多指伤痛, 而injure则指损害健康, 成就, 容貌等, 强调功能的损失。 如:He injured his hand while playing basketball.他在打篮球时手受了伤。
damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失, 这种损失或因自然灾害所致, 或因人为造成。如: Several cars were damaged in the accident. 好几辆汽车在事故中损坏了。
wound 指枪伤, 刀伤, 刺伤等皮肉之伤, 是出血的, 严重的伤, 特指战场上受伤, 它可以指肉体上的伤害, 也可指人们精神上的创伤。如: The bullet wounded his left leg. 子弹打伤了他的左腿。
7.origin n. 起源；源头 如：the origins of the life on earth 地球上生命的起源。
in memory of/ to the memory of sb. 纪念某人 例句：The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist.
8. dress作及物动词时, 不接clothes之类的表示衣服的名词, 而是接表示人的句词或代词, 意思是“给…穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时, 则用反身代词, 如：Wake up children and dress them. 唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。
dress的过去分词常用来构成get dressed与be dressed短语, 前者表示动态, 后者表示静态, 穿何种衣服, 则用介词in. 如：Harry up and get dressed. 快点穿上衣服。 The girl was dressed in red. 这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。
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dress up是“打扮,化装”，如: You should dress up when you take part in the party.
She is ___ in red today and looks very beautiful.
A. wearing B. having on C. dressing D. Dressed
9. award. n. 奖, 奖品 v. 判给, 授予 award sb. sth. 奖赏某人某物
辨析: award 和reward:
award后接双宾语 如: award sb. a metal 授予某人奖章
reward 奖赏, 酬谢, 不能接双宾语。 reward sb. for sth. 因…奖赏某人 reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人
例句：She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole morning’s hard work.
10.admire v. 意为“赞赏;钦佩;羡慕;赞美;夸奖”
注意: 表示“在某方面钦佩某人”用“admire sb. for sth.”
例句：We all admire him for his courage and bravery. 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。
11. look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期待着(做)某事, 其中的to是介词, 而不是动词不定式符号。
12. as though和as if没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。
(1) 引导方式状语从句
She acted as though nothing had happened． 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。
当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓语中又含有动词to be时, 可以把主语和to be一起省去。 He looked about as though (he was) in search of something． 他四处张望, 好像寻找什么。
(2) 引导表语从句
It looks as if it’s going to rain看样子天要下雨
as though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气，根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。
The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。
13. have fun 过得快乐 = have a good time, enjoy oneself. 短语有have fun ( in ) doing sth.
14. But she didn’t turn up.
1) 来, 出席(某活动) I’m very happy you turned up so early.
2) 把(收音机等)音量开大一些, 反义词turn down. 如Turn up the radio a little, I can scarcely hear the program.
turn down 拒绝 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 turn out 结果是..... turn to sb. for help 向某人求助
15. keep one’s word 守信用， 反义词是break one’s word 失信
注意：keep one’s word和break one’s word中的名词word不能用复数形式！
相关短语： in a word/in short/to be short 简言之；总之 have a word with sb. 与某人谈话
have words with sb. 与某人发生口角 in other words 换句话说
16. obvious adj.
1) obvious+ to + 表示人的名词或代词 如：Her disappointment was obvious to her friend.
2) It + be + obvious +that-clause 显而易见,一目了然 如：It was obvious that she was in danger.
辨析：obvious/apparent/clear
obvious 是三者中程度最强的，含有“一目了然” 之意。 如：It is obvious that you are wrong. apparent具有某些明显的迹象，侧重经历推理才能看出结果。 如：It was apparent from his face 4
that he was lying.
clear 表示明白的，清楚的。指不模糊含混，易于观察，了解和识别。 如：He seems clear about his plans.
17. marry 的用法：
1) 她嫁给了一个律师。She married a doctor.
表示“和......结婚”，“嫁......”，“娶......”时，marry为及物动词，要用marry sb.，而不用marry with sb.
2) 她和一位律师结婚了。 She was married to a lawyer.
表示婚姻状态, 后接宾语时要用介词to， 而不用with.
3) 他们结婚三年了。They have been married for three years.
注意：marry和get married 都表示短暂行为，不能和表示一段时间的短语连用，而have been married则表示婚姻状态，可以与表示婚姻状态持续多久的时间状语连用。
18. set off: 动身, 出发; 使（地雷、炸弹）爆炸; 使某物更有吸引力
相关短语：set about doing sth. 着手(做某事) set in 开始 set up建立，创立 set down写下，记下
set somebody to do something. 使某人开始工作 set somebody doing something 使某人处于某种动的状态
Unit 2 Healthy eating知识点归纳 feeling very frustrated 现在分词在句中作伴随状语
eg.She sat on the chair reading a newspaper.(表伴随)
Walking in the street, she met her old friend.(表时间)
Seeing no body at home , she decided to eat outside.(表原因)
The child fell, striking his head against the ground.(表结果) Ought to 1) to show a moral duty 表示一种道义上的责任，应该
Eg.She ought to look after her child better. Eg. You ought to study hard to get a high mark.
2)ought to have done 表示本应该…，而却没有… Eg.You ought to have come yesterday.
3.
过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动。 = which were cooked in the hottest oil.
Eg.The flowers picked by him are very beautiful.
4.Nothing could have been better.比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。
= All his food could have been the best.
Eg.I have never seen a better film. There is nothing I like so much as playing football. Tired of 厌烦的 He is tired of doing the same thing all year round.
Tired out 筋疲力尽 I was tired out when I finally reach the top of the mountain.
Tired from 因…而疲倦 I was very tied from running fast.
6. get away with sth./doing sth.
a)不因某事而受惩罚。I won’t have you getting away with cheating in the exam.
b)偷携某物潜逃。The robbers robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.
c)收到较轻的惩罚。He was so lucky to get away with a fine for such a serious mistake.
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earn one’s living by… =live by…=make a living by…靠…谋生
eg. He earned his living by begging from door to door.
8.He didn’t look forward to being Be in debt 欠债。 Be out of debt 还清债务。 Be in sb.’s debt 欠某人人情。
Eg. Saving my life, I am forever in your debt.
9.She didn’t look happy but glare at 怒视，带有敌意 Eg. “How could you do that？”he said, glaring at his mother.
glance at 扫视 Eg.He glanced at his watch and left in a hurry.
stare at 张大眼睛死死地盯着 Eg.She stared at him in surprise.
agree to (do) sth. 表示“同意某事或某建议”，后只能跟表“提议，计划，方案，打算，安排” Eg.He agreed to their proposal. He agreed to get someone to help us.
agree with sb. 同意某人 Eg.I agree with every word you said.
agree on sth. 表示在某事上取得一致的意见 Eg.They agreed on a date for the next meeting.
11.But don’虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式（be用were）， 而主句的谓语动词用would(should, could ,might)+动词原形。
Eg. If I were you, I should study English better. If he had time, he would attend the meeting.
12. spy (v/n) 监视，侦查，看见，间谍
1) 暗中监视；侦查。 It is impolite to spy into other people’s windows.
2) 看见，发现。 He suddenly spied an old friend in the supermarket.
13.before long 和long before
1)before long（介词短语）在句子中作状语，表示“不久以后，很快”。多与将来时或者过去时连用。 Eg. I shall visit you again before long.
2)long before（副词短语）表示“很久以前”，多与完成时连用。
Eg. He had taken a doctor’s degree long before.
14.用比较级形式表示最高级的意义Nothing could have been better
15. whether and if 的区别：
1) 用于动词之后, 引导宾语从句时可以互换。
2) if 不可以和 or not 直接连用而 whether可以。
3) whether to do eg. I don't know whether to answer it.
4) whether 可引导同位语、表语从句。
5) whether 可以放在句首引导主语从句而if 不可以。
16.1) no more/no longer
no more表示数量上或程度上“不再”. Eg. He is no more a student.
no longer 表示时间上“不再”延续. Eg. He is no longer young.
2) no more...than/not more...than
no more...than ......和......一样不（两者都否定）
Eg. Xiao Li is no more diligent than John.小李不勤奋，约翰也不勤奋。
not more...than不如...(前者不如后者)
eg. Xiao Li is not more diligent than John.小李不如约翰勤奋
17.only to do sth. 表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语预料的结果,或用来暗示最初的未
能实现的动作。
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Eg. For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only to be told to come again the next day. only doing sth.表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。
Eg. He died, only leaving nothing but debts.
第一单元练习
一）单词拼写
1.Many children s________ to death in Africa because of the lack of food.
2. Think about the misforture of others and you may be s_____ with your own lot.
3.On his a_______, he was greatly welcomed by his fans.
4. The colour of our n________ flag is red with five yellows stars on it.
5. When a boy leaves college and begins to earn money he can live a life of i_______.
6. At the beginning of the year, farmers usually have a lot of a__________ work to do.
7. The c________ of some European countries are quite different from ours
8. He is such a h_______ boy that many girls a_______ him.
9. It gives the old man great pleasure to meet these e_____ young people.
10. Without the teacher's p__________, you cannot play with the computer in our class.
11. He managed to save the d________ girl, which was praised by many people.
12. He cheated her, which she would never f_______
二）翻译句子
1. 这场误会引起了两国之间的一场战争。
2. He used to be a spy in the shape of a journalist.
3. 别开我的玩笑。
4. He ended the letter with “Look forward to seeing you soon”.
5. 父母为孩子的成功而感到骄傲。
6. What time are you planning to set off tomorrow?
7. 一周前，爸爸买了一颗用彩灯装饰的圣诞树。
8. We have never discovered what took place between the couple that day.
三）单项选择
1. This drawing is _____ to show the different shares each company takes up in the market.
A. decided B. determined C. meant D. remained
2. Dieting (节食) also means __________ careful about which foods you buy.
A. being B. to be C. having been D. /
3. People ______ round, curious to know what was happening.
A. collected B. gathered C. selected D. elected
4. Students can_________valuable experience by working on the campus radio or magazine.
A. gain B. study C. win D. award
5. People usually __________ stamps from the country where they live.
A. gather B. collect C. pick D. buy
6. The doctors tried every cure they can __________ to save the patient.
A. think over B. think about C. think on D. think of
7. He is neither______ European, nor______ American. He is from______ Australia.
A. a; a; / B. a; an; the C. a; an; / D. an; an; /
8. The boy had no other choice but ______ the woman ______ breaking the window.
A. to apologize to; for B. to apologize; for
C. apologizing for; to D. to apologize for; for
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9. We always keep ________ spare paper, in case we run out.
A. too much B. a number of C. plenty of D. a good many
10. The day everyone had been looking forward to __________ at last.
A. coming B. came C. has come D. will come
11. Beckworth shook his head __________ to say “Don't trust her.”
A. unless B. until C. even though D. as though
12. Traditionally, people make cakes __________ chicken, duck, tortoise, pig, cow or sheep with rice flour to celebrate the festivals.
A. in memory of B. in honour of C. in the shape of D. in the name of
13. I am sure something better will __________, but nobody believes me.
A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on D. turn off
第二单元练习
一）单词拼写
1. Proper d_______ and exercise are both important for health.
2. Old as he is, he has such e______ that he can work 14 hours a day.
3. The teacher told him not to ______(叹息) over the failure of yesterday’s test.
4. Mum, I don’t want any cake; I’m ______（减轻体重）.
5. You shouldn’t have had your son telling people ______（谎言） here and there.
6. The men who were fighting g _____at each other.
7. Only having r ______ vegetables, fruit and water for a dinner could not offer enough energy.
8. There was a sign in the window of his restaurant: “C______ are God!”.
9. To see if the food would be popular, he decided to do some r ______in the market.
10. His English was so ______（有限） that he couldn’t even tell the foreign friend where he was from.
二）短语翻译
1. 平衡的膳食__________2. 厌倦__________3. 扔掉，丢弃__________
4. 摆脱，除去__________ 5. 被放过，（做坏事）不受惩罚 __________
6. 匆匆走过 __________ 7. 充满，满是… __________8. 由…制成 __________
9. 对…感到吃惊__________ 10. in debt __________ 11. earn one’s living__________
12. no longer __________ 13. look forward to__________
14. fat and heavy food___________ 15. cut down__________
16. spy on sb/sth__________
三）单项填空
1. The competition between the two restaurants was______.
A. in B. on C. away D. out
2. ------How do you find the plan?------______.
A. I like it very much B. By chance
C. It’s well D. Nothing could be better underlined word in meaning?
A. fit B. young C. thin D. pretty
4. To regain their ______after a hard game, the players lay on the grass.
A. force B. energy C. power D. health
5. Don’t try to cheat the taxman(税务人员); you’ll never ______it.
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A. get out of B. get into C. get along D. get away with
6. Scientists need to do a lot of ______and experiments before they can understand and find a cure for things.
A. search B. resources C. research D. experience
7. When you get to the motorway, follow the ______for London.
A. masks B. signs C. points D. plans
8. The old lady ______by selling used newspapers.
A. gets her living B. makes a life C. earns her living D. earns a life
9. He lost his ______and fell off his bicycle.
A. balance B. strength C. power D. way
10. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ______for her.
A. had to write it out B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out
11. Tom ought not to ______me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told
12. The plant is dead. I ______it more water.
A. will give B. would have been C. must give D. should have given
13. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s why I ______wait until the rain stopped.
A. might B. should C. ought to D. had to
14. Have a little chicken, ______?
A. don’t you B. oughtn’t you C. will you D. shall you
9
（一）
1. starved 2. satisfied 3. arrival 4. national
5. independence
6. agricultural 7. customs,
8. handsome admire 9. eneregetic,
10.permission 11. drowning
12. forgive
（二）
1. This misunderstanding led to a war between the two countries.
2. 他过去曾经是以记者身份出现的间谍。
3. Don’t play a trick on me.
4. 他以“期盼见到你”作为这封信的结束。
5. The parents were proud of their child’s success.
6. 你计划明天什么时候启程？
7. Father bought a Christmas tree decorated with coloured lights a week ago.
8. 我们从没发现那天那两口之间发生了什么。
（三）
CABAB
DCACB
DCA
参考答案
（一）1. diet 2. energy 3. sigh 4. slimming 5. lies
6. glared 7. raw 8. Consumers
9. research 10. limited
（二）
1.a balanced diet 2. be tired of 3. throw away
4. get rid of
5. get away with sb 6. hurry by 7. be full of
8. be made of 9. be amazed at
10. 负债 11. 谋生 12. 不再
13. 渴/盼望 14. 油腻、难消化的食物
15. 减少、削减 16. 打探、 窥探
（三）
BDABD
CBCAC
ADDC
10
第三单元练习
一）根据句意，填写所缺单词
1.Smoking is not p__________ in our school.
2.He had his wallet stolen, so he had to earn his p__________ during the journey.
3.The reason he gave to a________ for his absence was unbelievable.
4.As is known to all, we should never judge a person only by his a______________.
5.To be h_________, I have no money on me.
6. To do this work well needs some p_________.
7. He was so hungry that he order a thick s________ and a glass of beer for lunch.
8. It's good m________ to say good-bye to the host when leaving.
9. Seeing the snake, she couldn’t help s____________.
10. To my great joy, I found my lost pen by a________ in the corner of the room.
二）单项填空
1. —Excuse me, sir, ________ —I’d like a cup of coffee and two pieces of bread.
A. what do you want?
B. may I have your order?
C. this table is reserved.
D. I would like to serve you.
2. The reason for his success is ______ he worked very hard.
A. why
B. that
C. whether
D. how
3. She’s going to have problems finding a job ______she gets good marks.
A. for
B. since
C. so that
D. even if
4. In the end I lost my ______ and shouted at her.
A. character
B. manner
11
C. benefit
D. patience
5. —What do you think of their marriage?
—_____, if I were Kate, I would not marry him.
A. Generally speaking
B. I have no idea
C. To be honest
D. To my surprise
6. He couldn’t ______ the fact that the money was found in his house.
A. answer for
B. leave for
C. account for
D. care for
7. —Would you mind if I turned on the radio and listened to some music?
—______. In fact, I also like to listen to music in my car.
A. No, you can’t
B. Yes, I do
C. No, go ahead
D. OK, no problem
8. He
usually lay there just _____ the ceiling, thinking about everything that could go wrong.
A. glancing at
B. watching at
C. glaring at
D. staring at
9. He made his last ______ for the club in the Cup Final.
A. performance
B. appearance
C. show
D. scene
10. The pilot, whether ______ or design, made the plane do a sharp turn.
A. by accident
B. at times
12
C. suddenly
D. all at once
11. If you ask me, I would say that I won’t mind ______abroad to enrich my knowledge.
A. taking
B. to take
C. to be taken
D. being taken
12. It was rude ______ you to stare at the foreigner when he passed by just now.
A. of
B. for
C. with
D. to
（一）
1. permitted 2. passage 3. account 4. appearance 5. honest
6. patience 7. steak 8. manners 9. screaming 10. accident
（二）
BBDDC
CCDBA
DA
必修III--Unit 4知识点
III---IV Astronomy: the science of the stars
一、知识点
1. In our solar system eight planets circle around the sun.在我们的太阳系里八个行星绕太阳运转。
The birds were circling around over the lake. 鸟儿在湖面上空绕圈子。
The teachers are used to circling the pupils' spelling mistakes in red ink. 教师习惯于用红笔圈出学生的拼写错误。
They sat in a circle round the fire.他们围着火坐成一圈。
In political circles there is talk of war. 在政治圈里，有人谈论到（会发生）战争
2. The origin of life on earth is a question that interests astronomers. 地球上生命的起源是个使天文学家感兴趣的问题。
the origins of civilization 文明的起源
He is a German by origin.他原籍德国。
This new theory will certainly interest you.
这新理论肯定会引起你的兴趣。
I find no interest in such things. 我对这些不感兴趣。
His two great interests in life are music and painting. 他一生中的两大爱好是音乐和绘画。 The interests of the individual must be subordinated to the interests of the collective. 个人利益必须服从集体利益。
3. However， according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. 但是，一种普遍为人们所接受的理论是：宇宙起源于一次大爆 13
炸，这次大爆炸将物质投射到四面八方。
widely accepted 被广泛地接受、认可
begin with 始于
to begin with 起初
Knowledge begins with practice. 认识从实践开始。
To begin with, I couldn’t understand every word. 起初，我一句也没弄明白。
In which direction are you going, north or south? 你准备往哪个方向走？向北还是向南？ What direction does this exhibition hall face? 展览馆朝什么方向?
in all directions 四面八方; 各方面 in every direction向各方面, 向四面八方
in the direction of 朝 ... 方向
4. a cloud of dust 一团尘埃
a cloud of …一大群，一大片
My mother drew my uncle's attention to a cloud of unusual size and shape .
我的妈妈让我的叔叔注意一团形状大小很不规则的云彩。
5. what it was to become was uncertain, …它会变成什么没有人知道，……
What it was to become 是一个主语从句，在整个句子中作主语；be to do这一结构在本句中表示“即将”。 be to do的其他用法：
1)表示命令、义务、职责等，可译作“应该、必须”。长辈要求晚辈做某事常用这一句型。
2)表示将来要做的事，或按计划、约定要做的事，这一用法主要用于正规文件中，可译作“打算、将要”。3)表示不可避免将要发生的事，或命中注定的事。
I am uncertain what to do. 我确定不了做什么。
6. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 地球开始变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。
a violent wind 暴风
a violent death 横死; 暴死
a violent dislike 极端的厌恶
The hot weather lasted until the end of September. 炎热的天气一直持续到九月底。
This food will last them 5 days. 这些食物足够他们吃五天。
This cloth lasts well. 这种布很耐穿。
7. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time to produce the water vapor,carbon dioxide,oxygen,nitrogen and other gases,...
它（地球）巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石，最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，……
explode with anger勃然大怒, 大发脾气explode with laugher哄堂大笑
The bomb exploded.炸弹爆炸了。
I threw the vase on the floor and it exploded into tiny pieces.我把花瓶扔到了地板上，花瓶砰地一声摔个粉碎
The children exploded three firecrackers. 孩子们燃放了三个爆竹
in time来得及;总有一天，迟早
I was just in time for the flight.我刚好来得及赶上那班飞机。
I will see him in time.总有一天我会遇见他。
in no time立即，立刻 at any time 在任何时候at one time曾经，一度
at times 有时，偶尔on time按时，准时of the time现在的，当时的
14
I jump into the river in no time.我立即跳入河中。
You may use my watch at any time.你可以随时用我的手表。
At one time there were not so many cars on the streets.从前街上没有这么多车子。 At times I go to the playground to play football.我有时到操场踢足球。
The guest reached the hall on time.客人准时到达大厅。
I think he is the greatest musician of the time.我想他是当代最伟大的音乐家。
(1)—Why are you in a hurry to leave here?—Get home ______ to bathe the children.
(2)These buses are never ______ and the passengers are always complaining.
(3)I am away,please call me ______ if someone come to see me.
(4)You can’t imagine this lake used to be a beautiful place in our province ______.
(5)He rushed out of the kitchen ______ when he heard the shout.
(6) ______ I sit silently and wonder if this kind of job is worth all the effort.
答案：(1)in time (2)on time (3)at any time(4)at one time (5)in no time (6)At times
8. cool down 冷却,平静下来
A heated argument can be settled better if both sides cool down first. 如果双方都先冷静下来，激烈的争执可以处理得好一些。
9. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. 水会对于生命的发展起关键作用，这一点在当时并不明显。
It is obvious that she is very clever. 很明显，她挺聪明。
There are fundamental differences between your religious beliefs and mine. 你我的宗教信仰根本不同.
The fundamental cause of his success is hard work他成功的重要原因是努力工作。
Fresh air is fundamental to good health. 空气新鲜是身体健康之必需。
A fundamental of good behavior is consideration for others.
良好行为的一个根本是体谅他人。
10. … the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.水的持续存在使得地球把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。
Your presence is a gift to the world.你的存在是献给世界的一份厚礼。
She was so quiet that her presence was hardly noticed.
她一声不响，几乎没有人留意到她在场。
Your presence at the meeting is requested. 敬请光临。
allow sb.sth.同意给某人某物;allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事;allow doing sth.允许做某事，与permit在很多情况下可以通用。其他动词advise，forbid 也有类似用法。
The reading room doesn’t allow smoking.阅览室不准吸烟。
People are not allowed to spit in public.不许当众吐痰。
permit,allow的不同用法:
(1)allow可以和副词连用，permit则不能。如:Mary wouldn’t allow me in.玛丽不让我进去。
(2)表示客气的请求时，主语是you应当用permit，以表示下级对上级，幼辈对长辈，低层对高层人尊敬的请求。若主语用I，则应当用allow的被动形式。如:May I be allowed to use this knife?=Will you permit me to use this knife?我可以用你的刀子吗？
翻译
(1)The girl’s parents are very strict and they don’t allow the girl to stay out beyond midnight. __________________________________________________________________________
(2)We don’t allow making a noise in the meeting room of the school.
15
__________________________________________________________________________
(3)I allow the little boy a bike for his birthday present.
__________________________________________________________________________ 答案：(1)女孩的父母相当严厉，他们不允许她待在外面超过12点。
（2）我们不准有人在学校的会议室里吵闹。
（3）我答应给小男孩自行车作为生日礼物。
11. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。
12. They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.它们繁殖起来并使得海洋充满了氧气，这促进了早期贝壳类动物和各种鱼类以后生的长发育。
He filled the bucket with water. 他把水桶装满水。
There have been many new developments in gene.基因方面已经有几项新的发展。
Father watched the development of his baby with interest.爸爸充满兴趣地看着孩子的成长。 with the development of society 随着社会的发展political development政治动态 housing development住宅区
(1)As the new country ______ (develop),more and more people live a happy and easy life.
(2)America is a ______ (develop) country,the average income is very large.
(3)In Africa,some countries are ___ (develop) countries.They are badly need other countries aid.
(4)With the ______ (develop) of economy,our society still needs the rapid development of civilization.
答案：(1)develops (2)developed (3)developing(4)development
13. …were able to live on land as well as in the water. …… 既能在陆地上生存也能在水里生存。
He grows flowers as well as vegetables.他既种菜也种花.
I'm learning French as well as English.我学英语之外还学法语。
Rose is as well as her brother.罗斯和她哥哥身体一样棒。
14. They produced young generally by laying eggs. 它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的。 Animals protect their young. 动物保护它们的幼崽。
15. …existed on the earth for more than 140 million years. ……在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。
exist v.存在;there exist表示“存在/有”，此时exist不用进行时。
Several people believe the Devil exists in the world.少数人认为世界上存在恶魔。 There exists warm-hearted person everywhere.好人到处都有。
Conference like the Earth Summit help people understand that there exist serious problems and that there is still time to take action.像地球峰会一样的会议有助于人们明白现存在的严重问题，也明白还有时间来采取行动的。
there exist表示“存在/有”，是 “there be”句型的延伸，类似的还有there stand,there lie,there live,there occur。
改错
(1)It is surprising that a kind of animal is existing in the dry desert.
(2)There exist a good way to solve many difficult physics problems.
答案：(1)is existing→exists(2)exist→exists
16. give birth to 引起，产生，造成，生
16
His wife give birth to a son for him.他老婆给他生了一个儿子.
It is very important that you should l earn to release the stress.Otherwise ,it will give birth to a serious psychological question.最重要的是要学会释放压力.否则,就会产生严重的心理问题.
17. …some small clever animals,now with hands and feet,appeared and spread all over the earth.一些小巧聪明，长着手脚的动物出现了，它们散布在地球各个地方。
spread(spread,spread) vt.使伸展，延伸vi.（消息等）传开，流行
Mum spread a new cloth bought in the supermarket on the table when we had dinner.我们吃饭时妈妈在桌子上铺上一条从超市买来的新桌布。
He spread out his arms to welcome us warmly.他张开双臂热情地欢迎我们。
The exciting news spread through the school quickly.这激动人心的消息很快传遍了学校。 spread out 传开spread rumors 散布谣言spread like wildfire 像野火一般传开
spread oneself 舒展身体spread the table 铺桌子spread the load 分摊(工作量)
18. Thus they have, in their turn, became the most important animals on the planet. 于是，他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。
There has been no rain — thus, the crops are drying. 天没下雨，因此庄稼要枯死了。 She studied hard; thus she got high marks. 她用功读书, 因此获得高分。
19.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。
The atmosphere here is very clear.这里的空气很纯净。
There is an atmosphere of peace and calm in the country, quite different from the atmosphere of a big city.在乡间有一种和平宁静的气氛，和大城市的气氛截然不同。
prevent sb./sth.(from) doing sth.阻止某人或者某事做某事
His words can’t prevent us from buying books.他的话不会阻止我们买书。
The heavy rain prevented us going on,but we didn’t lose heart.大雨阻止我们前进，但是我们不灰心丧气。
另外，与这种结构相似的有stop sb./sth.(from) doing sth.（from可以省略）和keep sb./sth.from doing sth.（from不可以省略）。
Lynn’s parents tried to stop her seeing him.林恩的父母企图阻止她和他见面。
You won’t keep the things from happening.你不能阻止事情发生。
(1)Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against injustice.
______________________________________________________
(2)Please have an apple to keep you going until dinner time.
______________________________________________________
答案：（1）什么也不能阻止他鸣不平。（2）吃个苹果就能挨到吃晚饭了。
（3）The heavy rain _____ us visiting the attractive lake,but we didn’t _____.
A.prevented;lose the heartB.prevented;lose heart
C.kept;lose the heartD.kept;lose the heart
解析:第一分句的意思是:大雨使得我们不能参观那湖水，可以用prevented /kept sb. from doing sth.，第二分句意思是:我们并没有灰心丧气，用lose heart表达。选 B项。
20. As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on. 因此，很多科学家们相信地球可能会变得太热而不能在上面生存。
As a result of the rain,I was late.雨太大，所以我来晚了。
21. So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on 17
whether this problem can be solved.所以在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
depend on/upon意思为“依靠，依赖”，常用结构是 depend on sb./ sth.，depend on sb. to do sth.。 The country depends heavily on its tourist trade.这个国家主要依靠旅游业。
The poor man depends his son to earn money.这个穷人依靠他的儿子去赚钱。
要特别注意depend on it常用于句首或句末，意思为“请放心，没问题”;It all depends和That depends意思为“看情况而定”，二者都用于口语中。例如：
Depend on it,he’ll turn up.请放心，他一定会来的。
It depends how you tackle the problem.那取决于你如何解决这个问题。
(1)—Is your father coming tomorrow?— _______ _______ (那要看情况).He may not have the time.
(2)—We don’t know if we can offer help.—_______ _______ _______ (一切看情况而定).
(3)—What is your attitude?—_______ _______ _______ (请放心).We won’t give up. 答案：(1)That depends (2)It all depends(3)Depend on it
22. There uesed to be nine planets in the solar system.在太阳系了原来有九颗行星。
注意there be的变形：there seems to be, there must be, there can be, there is going to be, there has/have been 等。
23. At the beginning, the earth had no water. 起初，地球上没有水。
A good beginning makes a good ending.[谚]欲善其终必先善其始。
at the beginning从一开始; 开始; 起初; 首先at the beginning of在...初
Everything must have a beginning.[谚]凡事都有个开头。
from beginning to end从头到尾, 自始自终
24. The evidence for this theory is that the atoms that make up the rocks on the moon seem to be different from those on the earth. 这个理论的根据是组成月球上岩石的分子似乎与地球的不同。
Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.农民只占人口的一小部分.
Every one can be different from another. Why must we all be the same?每个人都可以和别人不一样。为什么非要人人都一样？
25. Althoug its origin may still be a puzzle, the moon can never be anything more than a satellite of the earth.虽然它的起源仍然是个谜，但是月球就是地球的一个卫星。
It's a puzzle where all my money goes each week. 我每星期的钱都到哪儿去了是一个难解的问题。
This letter puzzles me.这封信使我迷惑不解。
I'm puzzled about what to do next.下一步该怎么办,我心里还没数哩。
26. find ways to solve the problem of global warming. 找到解决全球变暖这个难题的方法
27. die out灭绝, 逐渐消失, 渐渐止息
Some animals will die out if we don't protect them. 好多动物会灭绝假如我们再不去保护他们。
28. As a result of this event, a great dust cloud formed in the sky blocking out the sunlight. 由于这件事，在天空中形成一大团尘埃遮住了阳光。
That wall blocks out all the light.那堵墙把光线都遮住了。
29. However, whether the climate will change again is a concern for everybody on earth.但是，气候是否会再变是世上每个人关切的事。
She showed great concern about you. 她很为你担心。have a concern in和...有利害关系 have no concern for毫不关心
18
30. …a comet crashed into the earth long ago… ……很久以前，一颗彗星撞击了地球，…… She noticed a car crash into a big tree nearby.
她注意到一辆小汽车撞到了附件的一棵大树上。
31. …I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space………有幸得到一个机会去太空旅行……
They know well enough what we mean. 他们当然懂得我们的意思。
32. …explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful…….向我解释说，在我们的航行中会有三次引力的改变，而第一次的改变将是最强的。
Please explain to me where to begin and how to do it.请向我说明从哪里开始以及怎样做。 He explained how the machine was used.他解释了怎样使用那台机器。
33. As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth’s gravity. 随着火箭徐徐升空，因为我们要尽力逃离地球的吸引力，所以我们被向后推在座位上。
escape danger脱险
escape one's memory被某人遗忘
His name escapes me. (=His name escapes my memory.) 我记不得他的名字了。
He narrowly escaped death. 他九死一生。
The hotel guests tried their best to escape from the burning building. 旅客们尽力从燃烧的大楼中逃出来。
34. On the earth if I fall from the tree I will fall to the ground. 在地球上如果我们从树上掉下来，总会朝地上落下去的。
35. When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth’s. 当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们，但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。
36. I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger. 我离开高兴起来，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，望着地球越来越小，月亮越来越大。
37. But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 但是当我努力向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍。 英语倍数表达法：
1.用times表示倍数（一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍的数，一般用twice）
其句型有：
1）...times+形容词（副词）比较级+than...。如：
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。（是我们教室的六倍大）
2）...times +as+形容词（或much）或副词原级+as...。如：
The big box is four times as heavy as the small one.大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。
3）...times +the+名词（size,height,weight,length,width）+of。如：
This big tree is four times the height of that small one.这棵大树的高度是那棵小树的四倍。（比那棵小树高三倍）
4）...times+more+名词（可数，不可数）+than...。如：
There are four times more books in our library than in yours.我们图书馆藏书（数量）是你们 19
图书馆的四倍。（多三倍）
5）...times +as many（或much）+名词+其他。如：
There are three times as many apples in this basket as in that one.这个篮里的苹果是那个篮里的三倍。
There are five times as many students as we expected.这里的学生是我们预计的五倍。
6）...times +over+被比对象，表示“增加……倍”。如：
The grain output in that village was twice over that of 1978.那个村的粮食产量比19xx年的增加了两倍。
7）...times +that of+被比较的对象表示“是……倍”。如：
In this workshop,the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.这个车间7月份的产量是1月份的3.5倍。
2.用double表示倍数。
1）double作形容词，表示“两倍的”。如：
The production is now double what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的两倍。
2）double作动词，意为“是……的两倍”。如：
The output has been doubled in the past five years.过去五年中产量翻了一番。
38. Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed. 既然重力改变了走路确实需要练一练了。
39. After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.过了一会儿，我才掌握了走路的诀窍，这才开始感到自入了。
40. We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased. 我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。
break out可指大火、战争等突然爆发。World War Ⅱ broke out in 1939.第二次世界大战是19xx年爆发的。
break out还可指突然发出某种声音。She broke out in curses in her dream.她在梦中大声咒骂起来。
41. There is very little gravity so that things float around.引力很小以致于东西飘来飘去。
42. watch out for… 戒备，提放，密切注意
43. Astronomy is a scientific subject made up of mathematics an physics. 天文学是数学和物理构成的科学科目。
44. You can use the scientific method when studying English too. 学习英语的时候你也可以运用科学方法。
二、练习
一）单词拼写
1.The_______（气氛）changed as she walked in.
2.The professor has brought in a good s_______ of teaching languages from abroad.
3.The Palestinian teenagers were involved in（卷入） v_____ clashes（冲突） with the Israeli soldiers.
4.With the d_____ of modern agriculture and industry ,our everyday life has improved a lot.
5. G_____ speaking,girls are better at learning to speak languages than boys.
6.The Chinese government did very well in p______ SARS from spreading.
7.She asked them not to discuss the matter in her _______（在场）.
8.I'm d______ in you;I expected you to win.
9.The days are g______ getting longer and longer.
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10.Try to c______ up a bit; life isn't that bad!
二）根据中文提示翻译下列句子：
1.______________________________________（太空旅行所需的）is careful preparations.
2. It will soon be announced ________________________（谁获得第一名）.
3.______________________________________________________（杨利伟从太空中安然着陆地球）made all Chinese exited and cheerful.
4. It is still unknown _________________________（他什么时候入党的）.
5._________________________________________________（宇航员在太空中如何吃 饭、睡觉和行走）is very strange and interesting.
6.____________________________________（地球与其它行星在哪方面不同）
is what are most interested in.
7. It remains a secret __________________________（他为什么突然变卦）.
8.________________________________________(何时战争才会从世上消失) is hard to say.
9. (最令人满意的是)___________________________was that they finished the work in time.
10.（怎样提高我们的学习成绩）______________________ is what we are most concerned about.
三）单项填空
1. Once fighting _________ between the two villages and many people were killed.
A. broke out B. was broken out C. had broken out D. had been broken out
2. The Olympics are to be held in Beijing in 2008, ______ has become a great encouragement to all Chinese.
A. where B. that C. which D. that
3. The moment the cat heard the mice _______ noises, it rushed out ________ the door.
A. make, from B. making, behind C. make, from behind D. making, from behind
4. ---How far apart do they live?---_________ I know, they live in the same neighbourhood.
A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As soon as
5. It was a matter of _____ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
6. Why not seize it _______ you’ve got such a good chance?
A. now that B. that C. where D. which
7. His parents were ______at the ______ news that he failed the exam again.
A. disappointed, disappointing B. disappointed, disappointed
C. disappointing, disappointing D. disappointing, disappointed
8. ____ he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening.
A. When B. As C. While D. Until
9. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that
10. The result of the experiment was very good, _______ we hadn’t expected.
A. when B. what C. which D. as
11. _____ the books where they were ______.
A. Lay, laying B. Lie, lying C. Lay, lying D. Lie, laying
12. He ______ at once when I promised to help him.
A. cheered up B. gave up C. lighted up D. turned up
13. The audience clapped their hands _____ to the music.
A. in time B. on time C. at time D. behind time
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14. There is a man _______ himself Mr Li waiting for you.
A. called B. calls C. calling D. call
15. He _____ his eyes from his desk and then ____ from his seat.
A. rose, raised B. rose, rose C. raised, raised D. raised, rose
四）翻译句子
1.布莱恩通常会及时赶回家里给孩子们洗澡。(in time)
2.我们看着太阳一点一点地落在树后，夜幕降临了。(watch…doing)
3.在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。(depend on)
4. 既然你已得到一个机会，你最好充分利用它。(now that; make use of )
5关于新校长要来的消息很快传遍了全班。(spread)
6 After ten days’ training the workers gradually got the hang of the skills in the production process.
7 Our neighbor has as big a house as ours.
8 Nothing can prevent their plans from being carried out.
9 Now that everybody is here, we can begin the meeting.
10 All of us cheered up immediately when the spaceship Shenzhou VI was sent into space. （一）
1. atmosphere
2. system
3. violent
4. development
5. Generally
6. preventing
7. presence
8. disappointed
9. gradually
10. cheer
（二）
1.What is needed for the space trip
2.who will come out first / take / get the first place
3. That Yang Liwei landed on the earth safe from space
4. when he joined the Party
5. How astronauts eat, sleep and walk in space
6.Where the earth is different from / differs from other planets
7. Why he suddenly changed his mind
8. When war will disappear from the world
9. What satisfied us most / What made us most satisfied / What was most satisfying
10. How we can improve our studies
（三）
ACDBA AABCC CAACD
（四）
1. Brain usually gets home in time to bathe the children.
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2. The news of the arrival of a new headmaster spread all over the class soon.
3. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
4. Now that you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
5. We watched the sun setting behind the trees and the evening fell.
6.经过十天的培训，工人们逐渐掌握了生产流程中的技能。
7.我们邻居有一座跟我们家一样大的房子。
8. 什么也不能阻止他们的计划得以实施。
9.大家既已到齐，我们就开会吧。
10.当神州六号飞船往太空发射时，我们马上欢呼起来。
一、知识点
1. It’s the second largest country in the world. 她是世界上面积第二大国家。
Huanghe River is the second longest river in our country. 黄河是我国第二大河。
2. How many students in your class got 80% or better on this quiz? 你们班有多少学生在这次测验中考到了80分或者更好一些
We will have a quiz tomorrow morning.我们明天早晨进行一个小测验。
He asked us to prepare for a quiz.他要我们准备好测验。
Then, the user will take the quiz.接着，用户将接受测试。
3. Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decedee to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada. 她们不想一路乘飞机，决定先飞到温哥华,再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。
rather than 意思为“与其，不愿，不要，不是”,常用在 prefer to do rather than do句子中。 Rather than make money in this way,I prefer to starve to death.我宁愿饿死，也不愿用这种方式挣钱。
I will have sweet water rather than pure water.我想喝甜水，不想喝纯净水。
He was busy writing a letter rather than reading a newspaper.他正忙于写信而不是读报。 would rather 宁愿，宁可;not...but rather 不是……而是……
I suppose I could lend them to him,but I’d rather not.我想我是把它们借给他的，可是我不愿意借。
We’d rather you didn’t do it.我宁愿你不做这事情。
or rather 更确切地说
You have to be 16 for cheap tickets,or rather under 16.你必须16岁才买便宜票，更确切地说是不满16岁。
The committee does not deal with individual correspondence,but rather discusses issues in its newsletter.该委员会不是处理个人信件，而是在简报中讨论问题。
(1)The brave people in the village preferred to die rather than _____,and ____ encouraged others to fight more bravely in the anti-Japanese battlefield.
A.to give in;itB.to give in;whichC.give in;thisD.give in;which
答案：C
(2)I would rather ______ than ask him for his autograph.So I would rather he ______ here as soon as possible.
A.die;leaving
B.died;leavingC.die;leave
D.die;left
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答案：D
(3)The man wearing glasses don’t teach the workers how to do it but learn from them.
= The man wearing glasses don’t teach the workers how to do it ______ ______ learn from them. 答案：but rather
all the way一路上，从远道而来，从头至尾，作状语。 要横贯整个大陆的想法很是令人兴奋。 有些人想在不到五天的时间里穿越加拿大，他们忘了加拿大从东海岸到西海岸共有5500公里。 巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，这让表姐俩感到吃惊。
以上三句都是that 引导的同位语从句。同位语从句属于名词性从句的一种，其先行词多为名词possibility, fact, hope, thought, idea, belief, wish, news, message, reality等。要加强和定语从句的辨别。同位语从句里的that不做任何成分，没有任何意思。
cross vt.越过;穿过
She crossed the street with the blind children.她领着那些盲童穿过街道。
across prep.& adv. 横穿，穿过。上面的句子可以改为：She walked across（=crossed） the street with the blind children.
5. He was going to take them and their baggage to catch “The True North”. 他要带着她们和行李去乘坐“真北方”号列车。
baggage(=luggage)[美]行李
a piece of baggage 一件行李
hand/ accompanied baggage随身携带的小件行李
“Do you always catch such an early train?” asked the inspector.“你总是赶这样的早班车吗?”检查官问道。
You'll catch (a) cold if you don't put a sweater on. 你不穿上运动衫会感冒的。
The ball caught him on the head. 球打在了他的头上。
to catch a person's eye 引起某人的注意
I caught him doing it. 他做这事时被我撞见了。
Sorry, I didn't catch what you said. Could you please say it again? 对不起,我没听清楚你说的话,请你再讲一遍好吗?
6. On the way to the station, he chatted about their trip.在去火车站的路上他聊起了她们的旅程。 He collapsed in the street and died on the way to hospital.他在大街上晕倒, 在送往医院途中死去.
On the way down , it got dark.下山的路上，天色渐黑。
She doesn't chat with her friends.她没有和朋友们聊天。
They dropped in for a chat last night.他们昨晚顺便来闲聊了一会儿。
7. You are going to see some great scenery. 你们将会看到美丽壮观的景色。
The scenery in the mountains is very beautiful. 山里的景色非常美。
I like mountain scenery very much. 我很喜欢山景。
a scene of prosperity一派繁荣景象
scenes in a mountain district 山区风光
8. People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. 24
人们说她是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。
The fence surrounds the school. 篱笆环绕着学校。
Joy and happiness surround you. 快乐幸福围绕你.
We are surrounded by dangers.我们的处境危机四伏。
The house was surrounded by high walls. 房子的四周有高墙.
9. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。
10. That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.那天下午，表姐妹俩等上火车，在座位上坐了下来。
After the war broke out they settled in Europe.战争爆发后，他们在欧洲定居。
There’s no way to settle the dispute.要解决争端没有办法。
The little bird settling in the branch is so beautiful that we take a picture of it.栖息在树枝上的小鸟如此美丽以至于我们拍了照。
常用短语有:settle in a place 定居某处;settle the bill 结账;settle the dispute 解决争端 完成句子
(1)The famous scientist with his whole family ______ ______ ______ (定居在中国) and decided to make a contribution to the motherland after new China was founded.
答案：settled in China
(2)Nowadays China is playing a more and more important role in ______ ______ ______ ______ (解决国际争端) successfully and was recognized by all the other countries in the world. 答案：settling the international disputes
11. … they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats … ……她们设法看到了山羊……
12. Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.他们中许多人都有骑野马的才能，他们能赢得几千美元的奖金。
have a gift for sth.有……的天分，有……天赋
The man in black has a gift for drawing.穿黑衣的人有画画天赋。
Many people want to have a gift for making money.许多人想有赚钱的天赋。
gifted表示“有天赋的，有天资的”。如“多才多艺的人”用 a gifted man 和 a man of many gifts表示。
改错(1)Miss Black studies in Beijing University and she has a gift of music.
答案：of →for
(2)At seven o’clock this afternoon,we are going to the bus station to see an gifting woman off. 答案：gifting→gifted
(3) —Tom,can you tell me something about the teacher under the tree？—He is clever and a man of many gift.
答案：gift→gifts
13. After two days’ travel, the girls began to realize that Canada is quite empty. 两天以后，她们开始意识到加拿大人烟稀少。
14. …Canada’s population is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country.
……加拿大的人口也只有三千万多一点儿，但是现在看到这么空旷的国家，她们很惊讶。
15. They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres. 她们穿过了一个种植小麦的省份，看到了数千平方公里的牧场。
16. …Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world. 加拿大的淡水比世界上 25
任何其他国家都要多。
17. In fact, it has one-third of the world’s total fresh water, and much of it is in the Great Lakes.事实上，加拿大拥有全世界三分之一的淡水良，其中大部分都储蓄在五大湖泊里。
18. Why are they not flying directly to the Atlantic coast? 他们为什么不坐飞机直接到大西洋海岸?
directly opposite the church正好在教堂对面
You must go to bed directly after tea.你喝完茶后必须立刻就上床。
We came directly we got your telephone. 我们一接到你的电话就赶来了。
翻译：我们一干完就来。We'll come ___________.
We'll come directly we have finished.
19. a government member who is in charge of a government department 负责某个政府部门的政府成员。
in charge 主管, 负责, 掌管，在...管辖之下, 由...照顾，在拘留中
in charge of 负全责, 经管, 照顾，在...掌管之下, 由...经管
in the charge of sb. 由某人负责, 由某人照料[管理]
This ward is in [under]the charge of Dr Green. 这间病房是由格林大夫负责的。
Mary was in charge of the baby. 玛丽负责照料这个婴儿。
20. It has an area of 0.44square kilometres with a boarder measuring 3.2 kms long. 它的面积是0.44平方公里，边界线长是3.2公里。
In some areas, there are small schools serving a few farm families, and the children walk to school. 有些地区,设有小规模的学校为少数几个农民家庭服务,孩子们走着去上学。
The room measures five metres across. 这房间有五米宽。
The boat measures twenty feet long. 这船计二十英尺。
an area of 100 sq. meters 面积100平方米
A meter is a measure of length. 米是长度单位。
What measures shall we take to find out the thief? 我们采取什么措施抓住那个贼?
be measured in feet 用英尺量
Please measure me for a new coat. 请给我量尺寸, 做一件新上衣。
She works hard and doesn't measure the cost to her health. 她工作勤恳并不考虑身体代价。
21. mix up 使迷惑；弄错; 弄乱
It's common to mix him up with his brother; they're twin brothers.把他同他的兄弟混淆起来是常有的事,因为他俩是双胞胎。
If you mix up those data we shan't find the one we need quickly. 要是你把这些资料弄乱,我们将无法迅速地找到需要的内容了。
22. …and there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada
Please confirm your telephone message by writing to me. 请给我来封信，好进一步证实你在电话中传达的消息。
confirm one's belief 坚定信念
23. around noon
大约中午
come around four 大约在4点钟来
There are around 80 pyramids in Egypt. 在埃及大约有80座金字塔。
24. wealthy 富有的，丰富的，
If we want everyone to be healthy, wealthy and happy,, strict birth control is quite essential. 如果 26
我们想使每个人都能过健康|富裕和幸福的生活,就必须实行严格的计划生育。
wealthy in compassion. 感情丰富
25. In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from …在远处，他们能看到从……升起的雾霭。
in the distance 在远处,在很远的那边
His house is within walking distance of the hospital. 他家离医院只有几步路。
The distances between workers and peasants are reducing. 工农之间的差别正在缩小。 The sun rose at seven o'clock. 太阳七点钟升起。
Prices have risen steadily during the past decade. 过去十年间物价一直在上涨。
26. Over dinner at a restaurant …., the cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who …在一家……餐馆用餐时， 表姐妹和林菲闲聊了起来，她……
Over 一边...一边; 在(做)...的时候
fall asleep over one's work工作时睡着了
talk overa cup of tea一面喝茶, 一面谈话
a chat over coffee. 喝着咖啡聊天
27. It’s too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa, Canada’s capital.很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。
as far as 远到, 直到, 至于, 尽；就；
As far as I know, he has gone to town. 就我所知，他到镇子上去了。
28. at dawn 拂晓时
29.English words in small letters 小字体的英文
30. be close to 接近, 靠近close有动词、形容词和副词的用法。
My close friend Jack always helps me when I am in trouble.我的挚友杰克在我困难时总是帮助我。
Please stand close to me and I want to have a word with you.请站得离我近些，我有话对你说。
Would you mind closing the door?关上门你介意吗？
另外，close与closely在副词用法上有区别，close多用来修饰由介词引导的短语，closely表示抽象的概念。而close常表达具体的概念，多修饰动词和过去分词。
We keep in touch with each other closely.我们保持密切联系。
31. on/to/in the north 在北部
Russia lies on the north of China.俄罗斯坐落在中国的北部.
China lies to the north of Vietnam.中国位于越南的北面。
Where is Dalian?It's in the north of China.大连在哪里？它在中国的北部。
32. across the continent/lake跨国大陆/湖泊
33. through the forests 穿过森林
34. along the coast/river 沿着海岸/河流
二、练习
一）据句意及所给单词首字母或汉语意思完成下列句子.
1. China is in Asia, one of the seven c__________ on the earth.
2. The house was s_________ by high walls.
3. In those days, mothers usually t________ the babies by telling stories of wolf or ghosts.
4. China’s former Prime M_________, Zhu Rongji stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world at the Earth Summit.
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5. We must make sure that everyone is able to take part in the new world we c_______ to develop the world successfully.
6. They couldn’t wait to stop to admire the ________ (风暴) on arriving the park.
7. I’m __________ (极其,非常)sorry for the delay.
8. We must reach the _________ (港口) before sunset in case of the bad weather.
9. He is going to __________ (竞赛,比赛) against his old rival in the second round.
10. Not having seen each other for ages, they found it difficult to make ___________ (交谈).
二）完成句子
1.据说日本首相下个月将来访问我国。_______________ the Minister of Japan will come to visit our country next month.
2. 众所周知，世界有七大洲。________, there are seven continents in the world.
3. 我们学校周围全都是树。Our school _____________ many trees.
4. 他们结婚后在一个小村子定居了下来，过着宁静的生活。After they married, ___________________, leading a quiet life.
5. 我们都羡慕她有唱歌和舞蹈的天赋。We admire her for ____________________.
6.我们接到命令三天之内完成这项工作。 An order came that _____________________.
7 我的视力很好我能看到远处的小东西。 I have such a good eye-sight _____________________________________________.
8. 昨天很冷，地上都结了霜。Yesterday, it was so cold ____________________.
9. 本周日我打算去市区。I planned to _________________ this Sunday.
10. 最后他们设法在拂晓时分到达了目的地。Finally, they ____________________ their destination(目的地) _____________.
三）单项选择
1. —Excuse me, is the book shop far from here?—No, it is just ______ of our college.
A. 3 kilometres long
B. 3 kilometres walk
C. within 3 kilometres
D. 3 kilometres far
2. He went on talking while I tried to ______ what it meant.
A. come out
B. turn out
C. take out
D. figure out
3. —Are you worried about his safety?
—Only ______.
A. gradually
B. broadly
C. slightly
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D. extremely
4. My teacher punished me this morning.
Why? You’ve done nothing wrong, _____ I can see.
A. as long as
B. as far as
C. as well as
D. as soon as
5. Word came ______ our duties would be changed.
A. that
B. which
C. whether
D. when
6. —Where is the shooting centre?—It is about 50 kilometres ______ the city of Beijing.
A. in south of
B. south of
C. the south of
D. southern of
7. What he had said and done in the school ______ his parents and teachers.
A. was pleased
B. pleased
C. pleased by
D. pleased with
8. It’s based on the idea _____ all people are created equal, _____ is accepted by most people.
A. that; that
B. which; which
C. which; when
D. that; which
9. Why not get some work experience first ______ go straight on to university?
A. other than
B. rather than
C. more than
D. less than
10. He could see the tall chimneys of the factory ______.
A. from distance
B. in distance
C. in the distance
D. to a distance
11. The prices of the flats _______ are several times as high as in the countryside.
A. downtown
B. in the downtown
C. in downtown
D. at downtown
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12. _______ by thick bamboo and high forest, the ancient city hadn’t been discovered until the 1990s.
A. Surrounding
B. Surround
C. Surrounded
D. Having surrounded
13. The girl who is studying at the art college has a_______ for music and dance.
A. gift
B. present
C. power
D. strength
14. We watched the river as it _____ on under the bridge.
A. settled
B. toured
C. flowed
D. floated
15. Many experts agree that there is a possibility _______ in this area in the following days.
A. when some more earthquakes may happen
B. that some more earthquakes may happen
C. where may some more earthquakes happen
D. what may some more earthquakes happen
（一）
1. continents 2. surrounded 3. terrified 4. Minister 5.create
6. scenery 7. extremely 8. harbor 9. compete 10. conversation
（二）
1. It is said that
2. As is known to all
3. is surrounded by
4. they settled down in a small village
5. she has a gift for singing and dancing.
6. we should finish the work within three days.
7. that I can see the small things in the distance.
8. that there was some frost on the ground.
9. go downtown
10. managed to get to; at dawn
（三）
1-5 CDCBA
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6-10 BBDBC
11-15 ACACB
必修III--Unit 3知识点
III---III The Million Pound Bank Note
一、知识点
1. be brought up
被抚养长大
bring up 提出，教育，培养，使成长
I'll bring up your children as mine.
我一定会把你的孩子当自己的子女看待，把他们抚养成人.
Anything else you want to bring up for discussion.你还有什么问题要提出来供双方讨论的吗?
2. He is best known for his novels set in his boyhood world on the river,…他因为他的小说最为出名，那是以河边少年时代为背景而写的
set以…为背景确定一幕剧的情节展开的特定地点：
a play that is set in Venice. 以威尼斯为背景的剧
be best known for…以……著称Qingdao is best known for its beer 青岛以它的啤酒而著称。
3. Imagine that someone gives you a large sum of money to spend as you like.What would you do with it?假设有人给了你一大笔钱，让你随便花，你打算怎么办呢？
(1) a large sum of money: a large amount of money 一大笔钱
a large amount of + 不可数名词
.大量的， a large amount of work/money/furniture
大量的工作/钱/家具
注意：A large amount of money was spent on the bridge.(谓语动词用单数)
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.(谓语动词用复数)
建这座大桥花了一大笔钱。
“the amount of+不可数名词”表示“……的总数、总额、总值”。
(2) as you like“按照你喜欢的方式”，as conj.是连词，引导方式状语从句。
e.g.Leave the room as it is.房间的东西不要动。
Do as I told you to.按照我的要求去做。
(3)do sth. with sth. 主要用于疑问句中，与what配合使用，意思是“处理、对付，安排”。 What have you done with my umbrella?你把我的伞放哪里去了？
What are we going to do with the food left over from the party? 我们宴会上剩下的食物怎么办呢？
She doesn’t know what to do with herself.她不知道怎么办才好。
What will you do with this kind of letter? 你打算怎么处理这封信呢？
4…. what do you think of it? ……你觉得它怎么样？
What do you think of sth.?=How do you like sth.? = How do you find sth.
表达个人看法“你认为某事怎么样？”
What do you think of my clothes? 你认为我的衣服怎么样？
5. make a bet 打赌
He made a bet with me on whether the famous actress would come. 他和我打赌，赌那位有名的演员是否会来。
相似短语: win a bet 打赌而赢了
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lose a bet 打赌而输
put/place a bet on a horse 在一匹马上下赌注
How did you feel about the bet if you lose it? 如果这次赌博你输了，你觉得赌博如何？ have a bet on sth. 赌博……
People in Hong Kong like having a bet on horse races. 香港人喜欢在马的比赛上下赌注。
6. At this moment, they see a penniless young man wandering on the pavement outside their house. 这时，他们看见一个身无分文的年轻人在房子外面的人行道上游荡。
The children wandered in the woods. 孩子们在森林里漫步。
wander about [over]the world 漫游世界wander through the woods徘徊于林中
wander from proper conduct行为不正派wander from the subject [point]离题
His mind is wandering.他心不在焉。
7. …who is lost in London. 他在伦敦迷路了。
lose vt. 丢失，迷失be lost in...(1)(在城市、森林、人群中）迷路
He is lost in the forest.他在森林里迷了路。
He is lost in the crowd and didn’t know where to go.他在人群中迷了路，不知该往哪里走。
(2)专心致志于……
Lost in thought，he almost ran into a tree. 沉思之中，他差一点撞到前面的树。
8. Who?Me，sir? 谁？我吗，先生？
英语里，在简略答语中要用宾格，而不用主格。
—Who broke the window?谁打破了窗户？ —Me.我。
9.Through the front door on you left. 通过你左侧的前门。
through，表示动作是在某一物体的空间里进行的，翻译成“穿过……”。
e.g.walk through the forest 走过森林 flow through the city 流过城市
come in through the window 从窗户进来
The river flows through the city from west to east. 这条河自西向东流过这座城市。
10.Permit me to lead the way，sir. 请允许我带路，先生。
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
Permit me to explain，will you?请允许我解释，好吗？
The teacher won’t permit her students to wear jewels.老师不允许她的学生戴首饰。
permit doing sth....
We don’t permit smoking in the office.在我们的办公室里不准吸烟。
11.Not at all.It’s my first trip here.一点也不，这是我的第一次旅行。
at all用在肯定句、疑问句中，起强调作用，意为“竟然，到底，真的”。
It’s a miracle that you returned at all.你竟然还回来了，这真是个奇迹。
Did you do the work at all?你真的做了这事？
12.I wonder，Mr Adams，if you’d mind us asking a few questions. 亚当斯先生，不知您是否介意我们问几个问题。
(1)I wonder if/whether...“请问您是否……”，可以用以提出要求，为礼貌的表达方式。 I wonder if you can lend me your bike. 我能否用一下你的自行车。
wonder 后也可跟其他的疑问词，如who，where，when，how 等。
I wonder who he is.我不知道他是谁。
I wonder where they come from.我不知道他们是哪里的人。
(2)mind doing sth. 反对……，介意……主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句等。
Did she mind not getting the job? 她没得到那份工作是不是很介意？
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Do you mind the noise? 这声音影响你吗？ Do you mind if I smoke? 我吸烟你反对吗？
13. Not at all. Go right ahead. 不介意，请问吧。Go ahead 开始，干吧，前进，进行
14. As a matter of fact，I landed in Britain by accident.
实际上，我是很偶然的机会才到英国的。
(1) as a matter of fact 实际上，事实上= in fact，actually
As a matter of fact，I like English very much.实际上，我很喜欢英语。
(2)by accident 偶然的，意外的= by chance
I found it by accident.我很意外地发现了它。
I met her quite by chance.我偶然碰到了她。
15.His eyes stare at what’s left of the brother’s dinner on the table. 他目不转睛地盯着桌子上吃剩的饭菜。
stare at凝视着……e.g.It’s rude to stare at strangers.盯着陌生人看是没有礼貌的。
No one likes being stared at.没有人喜欢被别人盯着看。
16. Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 嗯，傍晚时分我发现我被一阵大风刮到海上去了。
17. I didn’t know whether I could survive until morning. 我不知道我能否活到早晨。
survive “幸存，从……中逃脱”，既可为及物动词，又可为不及物动词。
The house survived the storm.这房子在暴风雨中脱险。
No ship could long survive in such a storm.在这样的暴风雨中，没有一只船能长期坚持下去。 Chuck survives the crash and lands on a deserted island.查克在一个荒凉的小岛上幸存下来。
18.The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早晨，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘海船发现了我。
give sb. up for lost认为某人没有生还的可能
The air crash happened on the sea and the government gave the people on board up for lost. 这次空难发生在海上，官方认为机上人员生还的可能性渺茫。
spot a friend in the crowd 在人群中认出一个朋友
The night sky is spotted with stars. 夜晚的天空繁星点点。
a scenic spot风景胜地a historic spot古迹
on the spot 马上，立刻；当场；在现场；当机立 断
The question put me on the spot. 这个问题使我得做出反应了。
19. And it was the ship that brought you to England.正是那艘船把你带到了英国。
该句为强调句，其句型结构为“It was+被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分”。
John might have bought a new book for Mary yesterday.约翰昨天可能为玛丽买了一本新书。 改为强调句:
It is John that/who might have bought a new book for Mary yesterday.(强调主语)
It is a new book that John might have bought for Mary yesterday.(强调宾语)
It is for Mary that John might have bought a new book yesterday.(强调目的状语)
It is yesterday that John might have bought a new book for Mary.(强调时间状语)
相关链接:it作形式主语和it引导的强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构;而 it引导的强调句可以强调除谓语动词以外的大多数句子成分，无论强调什么成分，都要求用连接词 that（强调人的时候可以用 who，whom）。当强调部分是状语的时候也只能用that，不用when，where，how，why等。
单项选择
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(1)As a matter of fact, ______is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
A.this B.that C.there D.it
(2)It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages ______ attracted the audience’s interest.
A.so that B.that C.what D.in which
(3)—Wasn’t it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?
—______.
A.I didn’t know he wasB.Yes,it was C.No,he wasn’t D.Yes,he did
解析(1)：本题考查句型It is+adj.+（for sb.）to do sth.，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式部分，故选D项。
解析(2)：本题考查强调句It is+强调部分+that，所以选B 项。
解析(3)：本对话的第一句是强调句的否定式的一般疑问句，其答语也应该是强调句式的，要么Yes，it was要么No，it was not，故选B项。
20. The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my apperance. I went to the American embassy to seek help, but … 事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整了。我上美国大使馆求助，但是……
account for对……做出解释；做某事的解释;解释某事物的原因。
Please account for your own behavior.请你对自己的行为作出解释。
相关链接:
by/from all accounts 根据大家的说法
make much/little/no account of对……非常重视/轻视/忽视
on account of为……的理由，为……的缘故
on no account决不
take...into account对……加以考虑
介词填空
(1)Recent pressure at work may account ______ his strange behavior.
(2) ______ no account must you be able to give the police an accurate description of the young fellow working in my company.
(3)The late headmaster did not take our basic needs ______ account.
(4)—What a surprise!The train was late.
—You see,it is snowing.The train were delayed on account ______ the snow.
答案：(1)for (2)On (3)into (4)of
21.To be honest，I have none. 说实话，我什么也没有。
to be honest是不定式，但是有时不定式在句子中作为独立结构出现，用来说明说话人的态度。一般来讲，人们已经把这些不定式作为固定词组、固定搭配来运用。
To be honest,Miss Wang love you all the time even if you desert her.坦白说，即使你抛弃王小姐，她仍然一直爱你。
To be honest,he stole your book.老实告诉你，他偷走了你的书本。
相关链接:
to tell you the truth说句老实话
To tell you the truth,I don’t think the film is good.说句老实话，我认为这部电影并不好。 to be fair说句公道话
To be fair,it is not all his fault.说句公道话，这不全是他的错。
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to be frank坦率地说
To be frank,you are lying.坦率地说，你在说谎。
英泽汉
(1)To tell the truth,if you trust him,you will certainly be taken in.
______________________________________________________________________
(2)To be honest,I’d rather you came tomorrow than today to do some shopping.
______________________________________________________________________
(3)To be fair,it is your bad temper that caused the terrible quarrel.
______________________________________________________________________
(4)To be frank,try to make use of every opportunity offered to you.
______________________________________________________________________
答案：（1）说句老实话，如果你相信他，你肯定受骗。
（2）坦白说，我宁愿你明天而不是今天来买东西。
（3）说句公道话，是你的坏脾气惹的祸。
（4）坦率地说，好好利用你遇到的一切机会。
21. On the contrary, in fact.事实上，正好相反。
22.Now，if you’ll excuse me，I think I’ll be on my way. 现在，如果你愿意原谅我的话，我想我要上路了。
excuse v.原谅（人、行为），宽恕，后面跟名词作宾语。
excuse 常有如下用法:excuse+sb./sth.+for doing sth.或者excuse one’s doing sth.。
excuse n.辩解，辩白，借口。后面跟介词for作后置定语。
He made a good excuse for breaking the regulations.他违反规定，却提出堂皇的理由辩解。
A bad excuse is worse than no excuse.与其作差劲的辩解，不如不辩解。
I will excuse your hurrying to leave the classroom.这次我原谅你匆忙离开教室。
The Chinese teacher excused him for being late.=The Chinese teacher excused his being late. 语文老师原谅他的迟到。
Excuse me for hurting your finger by accident.原谅我碰巧弄伤了你的手指。
相关链接:表示“对不起”的几种形式：
Excuse me用于要走开、插话、问候或表示异议的场合;I am sorry表示自己有过失、用于道歉时，比I beg your pardon更灵活，更具有诚意lease forgive me是书面语，很正式，一般用在对方情绪难以平息的时候。
on one’s way to a place 在去某地的路上
e.g.He found a wallet on his way home. 他在回家的路上发现了一个钱包。
23. You mustn’t think we don’t care about you. 你千万不要认为我们不关心你。
care about 担心； 关心
You must learn to care about others if you want to make friends with others.如果你想和别人交朋友，你就必须为别人担心。
care for=like 喜欢
e.g.I don’t much care for his parents.我不是很喜欢他的父母。
24.James，show Mr Adams out. 詹姆斯，把亚当斯先生送出去。
show sb.out 带某人出去
The secretary showed me out of the office.秘书把我送出办公室。
show sb. around 领某人参观
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show off 夸耀；卖弄
25. This way.走这边。
way [C]路；道路；方向；距离Can you tell me the way to the hospital?请问去医院怎么走？ Will you please come this way?请这边走。
He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.他有一种奇妙的方法，使他的课上得生动有趣。
He is on his way to school. 他正走在上学的路上。
26.Mr Adams,not until 2 o’clock.Promise?亚当斯先生，两点钟以前不要拆信，答应吗？ promise vt.允诺，承诺;预示
He has promised to behave better henceforth.他答应从今以后要表现得好些。
This year promises to be another good one for harvests.今年看来又是一个丰收年。
相关链接:promise n.诺言，预兆，预示
注意:promise表“许诺、诺言”时，是可数名词;表“希望;预兆，预示”时，是不可数名词。promising有希望的。
完成句子
(1)A:I made my promise that I help him no matter what happened.
B:I ______ ______ help him ______ happened.
(2)A:They are a group of writers of promise in this area and they will go to Beijing for the further study.
B:They are a group of ______ writers in this area and they will go to Beijing for the further study.
答案：(1)promised to;whatever(2)promising
27. poor appearance 穷酸相
28. Take this gentleman’s order. 去看看这位先生要点什么菜。
这句为常用服务用语。order在此处用作名词,意为“叫/要的菜(酒，饭)”。
1)order v.“点菜，叫菜；订购，订货”， 既可作名词也可作动词。如：
He placed an order with the company for the mobile phones.他向这家公司订购了移动电话。
2)order n.可表示 “次序，顺序，状况，工作状况”。
in order of size/importance按大小/重要性排列keep order维持秩序
out of order不整齐，状况不佳；in order of...照(依)……排列
in good order井井有条；in order处于正常情况，情况良好，整齐
29. It is well-known that many Americans like to eat a lot.Well,we will have to take a chance.许多美国人喜欢吃得多，这是大家都知道的。哦，我们得冒点风险。
take a chance冒险
Everyone in the classroom likes to take a chance.在教室里的每个人都喜欢冒险。
Taking chances give us too much pleasure. 冒险给我们很大的快乐。
要注意下列短语:by chance偶然地，无意地leave...to chance将……听天由命
stand a good chance大有希望take a chance=take chances碰运气，投机
have the chance of...有……的可能性
选择
I _____ a chance to get permission from Mr Wang. For I think there is no chance of
_____ in doing it.
A.take;succeed
B.win;succeeding
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C.take;succeeding
D.win;succeed
解析：take a chance的意思是“侥幸，冒险去干某事”，a chance of...意思是“有……机会”后跟动名词succeeding，也满足succeeding in doing sth.这一句型，故选C项。
答案：C
完成句子
A:How lucky my brother is!He have a chance to visit the most beautiful city in France.
B:How lucky my brother is!He has a chance _____ _____ the most beautiful city in France. 答案：of visiting
30. （in a rude manner）What is there to wait for? （很不耐烦地）还等什么？
31. .All right,Horace.I’ll take care of this.霍勒斯，行了，这儿由我来照应。
take care of固定短语，照看，照料，处理。
Who is taking care of the dog while you are away?你不在家时谁照看你的狗。
The secretary always took care of the details.细节问题总是由秘书处理。
相关链接:look after;attend to;see to照顾。
Don’t worry,I’ll look after the kids tomorrow.别担心，明天我照顾孩子。
They are ill,please attend to them for me.他们病了，请替我照顾他们。
You should get a nurse to see to me instead of you.你应当找一个护士来替你照看我。
翻译
(1)Who will take care of your daughter while you are away?
___________________________________________________________
(2)I may be late—I have got one or two things to attend to.
___________________________________________________________
答案：
(1)你不在的时候谁来照顾你的女儿？
(2)我也许会迟到，我有一两件事情要处理。
32. in rags 衣衫褴褛
33. We are so very glad that you even entered our little eating place. Indeed,sir,I trust that you’ll come here whenever you like.我们非常高兴你能走进我们这家小吃店，先生，真的，我相信，您想来的时候，您就会来的。
indeed adv. 真正地，真实地，确实
I am indeed very sorry to know you are blamed.得知你被谴责，我真的很难过。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真正的朋友。
相关链接:indeed还有“果然，的确，诚然”之意，常与从句连用。
Indeed he is poor,but he is generous.他虽然一贫如洗，但是他仍然很慷慨。
I may indeed be lucky to catch him in.我可能真的很幸运在他家里碰上他。
完成句子
(1)A:I do be happy to hear the news that our team won the first prize.
B:I am ______ happy to hear the news that our team won the first prize.
(2)A:Although he dislikes the student,he teaches him patiently.
B: ______ he dislikes the student,he teaches him patiently.
答案：(1)indeed (2)Indeed
34.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.无论您什么时候想来，您想吃点什么，您就一定要来呀。
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whatever pron.有“无论什么”的意思，引导让步状语从句。= No matter what …
也可以引导名词性从句，= the thing that
Whatever I suggest,he always disagrees.无论我提出什么建议，他总是不同意。
Don’t give up,whatever you do.不论你怎么做都不要放弃。
完成句子
(1) 杰克的爸爸告诉他圣诞节他要什么礼物都行。Jack’s dad told him he could have ____________________ for Christmas.
(2) 无论妻子说什么，我决定买一个与褐色西装相称的新领带。______ ______ ______/______ my wife said,I decided to buy a new tie to go with this brown suit.
答案：(1)Whatever he wanted (2)No matter what/Whatever
35. Just having you sit here is a great honour. 您就是在这儿坐一下也是我们莫大的荣幸。 He is an honour to his school.他是学校引以为荣的人。
It's my honour (honor) to serve you.为您服务是我的荣幸。
May I have the honour to dance with you?我可以请您跳支舞吗？
We should honour our ancestors.我们还要缅怀祖先。
36. As for the bill, sir, please forget it.至于账单吗，先生，请把太忘了吧。
as for 至于，关于
37. from the bottom of my heart 从我心底里
38. make an outline of …写……的概要
You'd better make an outline of your speech.你最好为你的发言拟订出提纲。
39. make a note of …记录
40. think up想出，设计出，发明，编造
41. Try writing a play so you can practise your oral English. 试着写一出短剧，也可以练习你的英语口语。
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