Module 3 Unit 2 Language
一．词汇复习篇：
【单词】
1. Bees fly in circles to inform their partners about food or danger.（P21）
inform“通知，告诉，获悉，告知”，常用结构：
① inform sb of / about sth；② inform sb that-clause
He informed me of your decision. 他把你的决定告诉了我。
We were informed by mail of the change in plans. 我们通过信件被告知计划的改变。
The nurse informed me that visiting hours were over. 护士告诉我探视时间已经结束。
【拓展】keep sb informed 随时向…报告情况
be well informed about sth 精通某事；对某事消息灵通
information n.(不可数)
2. This resulted in even more pairs of similar words. （P23）
result in 结果，致使，导致 =lead to 导致
result from 起于，由于，由……而造成 = lie in 存在于
Acting before thinking always results in failure. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败。
Nothing has resulted from his efforts. 他的努力终成泡影。
His remark led to further discussion. 他的一句话引起了进一步的讨论。
The solution lies in research. 答案在研究中。
This is where the problem lies. 这就是问题所在之处。
【拓展】as a result 因此，结果
as a result of 作为…的结果，由于…
= as a consequence of = in consequence of
3. I always wondered when I would get the English novel my parents had promised to give me.（P28）
① wonder 对…感到惊讶，惊奇，想知道
I wonder at your patience. 你的耐心使我惊异。
I wonder who he is, where he came from and why he came.
我很想知道他是谁, 从哪里来, 来干什么。
I wonder how he did it. 不知道他是怎么做那件事的。
He wondered what was going on. 他想知道正在发生什么事。
(It’s )no wonder (that ...) 难怪…，…并不奇怪
【拓展】It is a wonder that ... 奇怪的是
It is really a wonder that he should have treated you like that.
真是奇怪，他竟然象那样对你。
② promise 答应，许诺；约定；有…希望（指望）；预示
promise (sb.) an immediate reply 答应（某人）即刻答复
You must promise (me) not to mention. 你必须答应（我）不提此事。
They promised us that they would come. 他们答应我们一定会来。
The clear sky promises fine weather. 晴朗的天空预示好天气。
【拓展】promise well 很有希望，前景很好
keep one’ s / a promise（word ） 遵守诺言，守约
make / give a promise 答应，许诺
of great / high promise =promising大有希望的，前程远大的
As we all know, he is a promising young man.
正如我们所知道的，他是一个有希望的年轻人。
4.disagree about sth 不同意（P29）
disagree with与…不相称，不一致，不适合；与…意见不同；对…不相宜, 对…有害
His conduct disagrees with his words. 他言行不一。
Hot climate disagrees with me. 热天对我不合适。
5. from across the world 来自世界各地（P29）
from 用于表示场所、时间等的副词或介词前
from above / below 自上 / 下
from far and near 从远近
from before the war 自从战前
from under the table 从桌下
6. Which group you agree with is for you to decide.（P29）
for you to decide“由你来决定”，是由“介词for + 名词或代词 + 不定式”构成的结构，称为“动词不定式的复合结构”。在这种结构中，介词for后面的名词或代词形式上是for的宾语，而在意义上是不定式的逻辑主语。动词不定式的复合结构在句子中可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
I opened the door for her to come in.（作状语）
They handed in their exercises just in time for the teacher to correct.（作状语）
It is for you to decide.（作表语）
It’s time for you to go to bed.（作定语）
Here’s a book for you to read.（作定语）
7. in this case 假如这样的话；既然这样（P32） in that case 如果是那样的话
in any case 无论如何，总之 in no case 决不
as is often the case情况经常是这样 in case +clause
Please take an umbrella in case it rains/in case of rain.请带雨伞以防天下雨。
8. However, not all characters are used to describe objects.（P38）
然而并不是所有的汉字都是用来描述物体的。
all，both，every用于否定句时，表示部分否定概念。
Not all the students work hard. 并不是所有的学生都认真学习。
= All the students don’t work hard.
Not every student works hard. 并不是每一个学生都认真学习。
Not both the twin brothers work hard. 双胞胎兄弟并不都认真学习。
【拓展】None of the students work hard. 所有的学生不都认真学习。
No student works hard. 每一个学生都不认真学习。
Neither of the twin brothers works hard. 双胞胎兄弟都不认真学习。
▲neither表示两者的否定；none指三者或三者以上的否定。
【短语】
1. stand for 代表，代替，象征，支持
2. have effective methods for / of studying English 有效学习英语的方法
3. share (in) sth with sb 和某人分享/分担…
4. be made up of = consist of 由…组成
5. mix … with … 把…和…混合，汇合
6. be different from / differ from 与…不同
be similar to 与…相似
be the same as 与…同样的
7. contribute to 捐献/赠，有助于，促成；投稿；做出贡献
make a contribution to 捐赠；作出贡献
8. take/in control of 控制
9. replace…with/by 用…代替，取代
10. despite this fact = in spite of this fact 尽管，不管
11. have an impact /effect/influence on 对…有影响；对…起作用，产生效果
12. take control of = have power over 接管
13. undergo huge changes 经历巨大的改变
14. take the place of 代替
15. lose face 丢脸，失面子
16. have a word with sb 和某人说句话
17. take my concerns into consideration 考虑
18. take actions to solve problems 采取行动解决问题
19. do research 进行调查
be engaged in research 从事研究
20. set a standard for 为…建立标准
21. care about 关心，担心
22. at one time 曾经；同时
23. ban doing sth 禁止做某事
24. depend on/upon 依靠，依赖；由…而定，取决于；信赖
25. take up a lot of my time 耗费了我许多时间
26. get along/on (well) with sb/sth 融洽相处；进展，有起色
27. There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做什么.
28. get one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
29. face up to/face sth/be faced with sth (勇敢地)面对…
30. waste time doing sth 浪费时间做某事
31. look directly into one’s eyes 直视着某人的眼睛
二．单元试题篇：
译林牛津版英语M 3 Unit 2 Language试题
第一部分: 听力（略）
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节；满分35分)
第一节单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
( )21．Sean's strong love for his country is ______ in his recently published poems.
A．relieved B．reflected C．responded D．recovered
( )22．The 1930s, when he was in his twenties, ______ the sufferings that the Chinese were bearing from the war.
A．observed B．witnessed C．proved D．supplied
( )23The plan was ______ when it was discovered just how much the scheme（方案） would cost.
A．released B．deserted C．resigned D．abandoned
( )24．He was quite of the risk, but he had no choice but to go ahead.
A accurate B ashamed C accustomed D aware
( )25．They urged that the library ______ open during the vacation.
A．must be kept B．is kept C．would be kept D．be kept
( )26．I hated rush, so I got to the airport ______ time to have my luggage and ticket ______.
A．before; checked B．until; check C．ahead of; checked D．ahead; to check
( )27 I know he is untrustful. ______ I must admit he is a good worker.
A．As a result B．In other words C．After all D．In the meantime
( )28. Jenny refused to act as a beggar in the play because she was afraid of ___.
A. making fun of B. laughing at C. being made fun of D. being laughed
( )29 With a lot of problem ________, the newly – elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
( )30 Tom should love ________his little sister to the theater this evening.
A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking
( )31 Ali said that she wouldnt’mind _________ alone at home.
A. left B. being left C. to be left D. leaving
( )32. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed __________.
A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch
( )33. I am busy _____ for the entrance examination, so I can’t help _____ housework at home. A. preparing; doing B. preparing; to do C. to prepare; doing D. to prepare; to do
( )34 ______the exam will disappoint your parents.
A. You failing B. Your failing C. You fail D. You to fail
( )35 _____ the same mistake again made his parents very angry.
A. His being made B. He has made C. He had making D. His making
第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分,满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Can you imagine becoming the richest person in the world and then giving your money away? That’s exactly what Andrew Carnegie 36 . Carnegie had a number of different careers; he was an industrialist and a businessman and he made a lot of money. He believed that 37 people were morally obligated (有责任的) to give their 38 back to others in society. So after retirement in 1901, the world’s 39 man decided to become a philanthropist (慈善家), a person who gives money to good 40 . 41 Carnegie had made some charitable donations before 1901, he really made giving away money his new 42 after retirement. In 1902 he founded the Carnegie Institution to fund scientific research and 43 a pension fund (退休基金) for teachers with a $10 million donation. Throughout his life, Andrew Carnegie loved to read. As a result, it made 44 that he wanted to give money to 45 education and reading. When Carnegie was a young man he lived near Anderson, a rich man who 46 any working boy to use his 47 library for free. In those days, America 48 had a system of free public libraries and poor people usually had nowhere to find books to read. Carnegie never forgot Anderson’s 49 ; so he gave money to towns and cities to establish more than 2,000 public 50 . He also gave $125 million to a foundation called the Carnegie Corporation (卡耐基社团法人) to 51 colleges and other schools. World peace was another cause Carnegie 52 . He established the Carnegie Endowment (基金) for international peace and funded the building of the Hague Palace of Peace, which 53 the World Court with houses, in the Netherlands. By 1911, Carnegie had 54 a huge amount of money —90 percent of his 55 . Today, Carnegie has a world-wide reputation, both for his success in his business and in his contributions to charity.
36. A. admired B. promised C. said D. did
37. A. wealthy B. sincere C. educated D. considerate
38. A. business B. experience C. wisdom D. money
39. A. richest B. purest C. poorest D. smartest
40. A. expectations B. causes C. reputations D. decisions
41. A. Until B. Though C. Since D. Because
42. A. hobby B. hope C. life D. career
43. A. discovered B. established C. applied D. awarded
44. A. fun B. success C. sense D. effect
45. A. support B. continue C. raise D. Extend
46. A. allowed B. supposed C. followed D. praised
47. A. public B. personal C. secret D. main
48. A. rarely B. nearly C. usually D. really
49. A. enthusiasm B. generosity C. courage D. Energy
50. A. libraries B. schools C. hospitals D. Academies
51. A. buy B. aid C. assess D. Choose
52. A. burst in B. took on C. relied on D. called in
53. A. handled B. provided C. pleased D. dealt
54. A. collected B. donated C. invested D. wasted
55. A. strength B. opportunities C. efforts D. fortune
第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
It is reported that the Ebola virus has returned to Africa. The virus causes a disease called Ebola hemorrhagic (出血的) fever. The Ebola virus affects animals and people. It killed more than 200 people in the former Zaire in 1995. This year, the Ebola virus has killed more than 150 people in Uganda.
The Ebola virus kills so quickly that the body’s defense system has no time to act against it. The disease kills fifty to ninety percent of the people it infects (感染). The disease begins with high body temperature, severe headache and muscle hurting. Then it causes severe bleeding and organ failure. Then the victim dies. Doctors say a person with the Ebola virus usually dies within three weeks after becoming infected. The disease spreads by people touching the body fluids of an infected person.
No medicine or treatment now exists for the disease. Recently, however, American researchers announced progress in developing a medicine to prevent Ebola hemorrhagic fever in monkeys. The scientists gave eight monkeys a small but deadly amount of the Ebola virus. They gave an experimental vaccine (疫苗) to only four of them. The monkeys that did not receive the vaccine died within a week. The vaccine prevented the disease from developing in the four monkeys that received it. All the four monkeys were healthy six months later.
The researchers said this was the first time a vaccine had protected animals similar to humans from the deadly Ebola virus. They will continue to test the vaccine on animals by giving them increasingly strong amounts of the virus.
56. The first symptom of Ebola hemorrhagic fever is ______.
A. high body temperature B. serious bleeding
C. severe body hurting D. organ failure
57. The Ebola virus can cause death quickly mainly because _________.
A. it causes a great deal of suffering
B. it causes people to lose much blood
C. the body’s defense system hasn’t time to act against it
D. it can easily produce viruses in people’s bodies
58. From the passage we can learn that _________.
A. the Ebola virus was originally found in Africa
B. progress in finding a vaccine to prevent the Ebola virus has been made
C. monkeys can be infected by the Ebola virus through air
D. people infected with the Ebola virus always die immediately after being infected
59. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Monkeys are similar to humans in how a vaccine affects them.
B. The researchers directly tested the vaccine on people.
C. Half of all moneys injected with the vaccine died six months later.
D. The researchers gave the monkeys a large amount of the Ebola virus.
B
It’s hard to find a star shining brighter in Nashville than Kenny Chesney. Since he took off 15 years ago, this country musician has sold more than 25 million albums, has had sixteen No. 1 hits, won countless awards and had a sea of loyal fans who have made him the biggest North American concert-ticket seller.
Kenny is certainly at the height of his career as he releases his Greatest Hits II album this week. It’s a collection of songs in which he says each takes him to a different place or event in his life. The most personal is the song I’m Alive, Kenny tells The Boot. "Most of the songs on this record are really fun, but I wrote I’m Alive after my breakup with Renee. I woke up one day and realized, even though I had gone through this and didn’t feel good about it, my life still belongs to me. I’m alive; I get to make music; I’ve got a lot of great friends. That’s the message of the song."
Kenny insists that the song selection for Greatest Hits II is not formulaic(刻板的). In addition to the hits that climbed the country charts, the singer also wanted to include some songs unknown to his fans that reflected his life and career path. "I didn’t want it to be all hits; I wanted it to be a second chapter of my life in music," he explains. "So the song Beas You Are really does that for me."
Kenny recently celebrated his 41st birthday, but the number of candles on the cake didn’t depress him a bit, thanks to what he loves so deeply.
"I still feel like I’m 18,"he says. "Living life the way you do on the road, it definitely keeps you feeling that way. And I think people that have music in their life are a lot better off (富有) and healthier than people that don’t. I’ve been very content to have not just a little bit of music in my life, but a whole lot of music. It drives my life."
60. Kenny Chesney refers to one of his songs I’m Alive for the purpose of _________.
A. telling his fans about his breakup with his girlfriend
B. inspiring his fans with confidence in life
C. calling on people to make music like him
D. advertising his new album to increase sales
61. We can learn from the passage that Kenny Chesney ______.
A. is a star not only in Nashville, but also around the world
B. won few awards for his work in country music
C. was at his most successful when Greatest Hits II was released
D. selected nothing but big hits for Greatest Hits II
62. What is the relationship between music and life, according to Kenny Chesney?
A. Music is a way of earning a lot of money.
B. Music always makes people feel they are 18.
C. Music gives life power, besides wealth and health.
D. Music is the most important part of everyone’s life.
C
Experts have confirmed youngsters who use Face book(美国一社交网站) do worse in exams.
For the study, the researchers quizzed 219 college students about their study habits and the time they spent on Face book. They found that 65 percent of Face book users used the net daily, often checking it several times to see if they had received new messages. The study said that 68 percent of students who used Face book didn’t perform as well as those who did not use the site.
Surfing on Face book can swallow up(耗尽) hours of study time. University student Daisy Jones, 21, said: "I was in the library trying to write a 2,000-word essay when I noticed my Face book habit had gotten out of hand. I couldn’t resist going online. You do that, then someone’s photo catches your eyes. Before you know it, a couple of minutes have turned into a couple of hours and you haven’t written a thing."
While they focused on Face book, the findings are also thought to hold true for other social networking sites.
A research by the National Literacy Trust recently showed that one in five youngsters aged seven to 15 never read books outside school because websites and blogs are becoming their reading matter of choice. Pupils ranked social networking sites, blogs, general websites and magazines above books in a survey of their reading habits. Research has also shown that youngsters are spending up to six hours a day in front of a screen.
However, students appeared to ignore the effect of going online on their study performance. The majority did not feel it had an impact on their work.
A spokesman for Face book said: "There is also research that shows the benefits of services like Face book. It’s in the hands of students, with the help of their parents, to decide how they spend their time."
63. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. study shows pupils who spend time on Face book do worse in exams.
B. People who spend more time on Face book spend less time reading.
C. Websites and blogs are becoming student’s reading matter of choice.
D. The usage of Face book among younger children is high and growing.
64. The third paragraph is developed by ________ in structure.
A. example B. argument C. description D. analysis
65. What’s most students’ attitude towards the result of the study?
A. Contrary. B. Supportive. C. Understandable. D. Uninterested.
66. According to Facebook’s spokesman, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Face book doesn’t accept the result of the study.
B. The result of the study is good for students.
C. Students are to blame for their poor performance in study.
D. It’s parents who decide whether students should be allowed to use Face book.
D
Guinness World Records, known until 20## as The Guinness Book of Records(and in previous U.S. editions as The Guinness Book of World Records), is a reference book published annually, and contains an internationally recognized collection of world records —both human achievements and the extremes of the natural world. The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted series of all time.
However, several world records that were once included in the book have been removed for ethical (伦理的) reasons. By publishing world records in categories(种类), the book encourages people to try to beat that record, and pays no attention to health and safety. For example, following the publication of a "heaviest cat" record, many cat owners fed their pets beyond the bounds of what was healthy; this is an example of the entries that have been removed. In 1991, the book also dropped records within the "eating and drinking records" category of its Human Achievements section, over concerns that potential competitors would harm themselves, and expose the publisher to litigation(起诉). These changes included the removal of all liquor, wine and beer-drinking records, along with records for eating such unlikely things as bicycles and trees. Other records, such as sword swallowing and rally driving (on public roads), were closed to further entries because the current record holders had performed beyond what were considered acceptable levels of human tolerance.
There have been examples of closed records being reopened, however. For example, the sword-swallowing record was listed as closed in the 1990 Guinness Book of World Records, but the Guinness World Records Primetime TV show, which started in 1998, accepted three sword swallowing challenges (as did the 20## edition of the Guinness World Records).
Chain letters are also forbidden. According to the book’s publisher: "Guinness World Records does not accept any records relating to chain letters, sent by post or e-mail. If you receive a letter or an e-mail, which may promise to publish the names of all those who send it, please destroy or delete it; it is a trick."
67. This passage is mainly about _______.
A. how many kinds of records Guinness World Records has
B. ethical issues and safety concerns related to Guinness World Records
C. the history of Guinness World Records
D. Guinness World Records in overview
68. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To put forward the main idea of the passage.
B. To tell the readers that the name of the book has changed.
C. To indicate that Guinness World Records is a famous book.
D. To encourage people to read Guinness World Records.
69. Guinness World Records has decided to remove some records because the following BUT
____.
A. the records are too difficult to break
B. the records are considered to involve immoral actions
C. some aspects of trying to break them are dangerous
D. some items are considered beyond acceptable levels of human tolerance
70. From this passage we can infer that ______.
A. sword swallowing will forever be closed to further entry
B. the item about the fattest dog can be found in the present book
C. the editors of Guinness World Records don’t want readers to write to them
D. the record related to rally driving can still be found in the book
第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分) 请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Good communication is vital in modern society. We know that much of the communication is unspoken. Consciously or unconsciously, we show our true feelings with our eyes, faces, bodies and attitudes. Your good qualities can make good communication. The personal qualities include: physical appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expressiveness of eyes, and the ability to hold the interest of others.
What should we do so that our communication will be effective? Here are my suggestions.
Firstly, you should be yourself. The trick is to be consistently you, at your best. The most effective people never change character from one situation to another. They’re the same whether they’re having a conversation with their close friends, addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job. They communicate with their whole being.
Secondly, whether you’re talking to one person or one hundred, always remember to look at them. Don’t break eye contact while talking. As you enter a room, move your eyes comfortably, then look directly at those in the room and smile. This shows clearly that you are at ease. Smiling is important. The best type of smile and eye contact is gentle and comfortable, not forced.
You should also absorb other people before showing yourself. You can’t learn anything when you talk. When you attend a meeting, a party or an interview, don’t immediately start throwing your opinions. Stop for a second. Absorb what’s going on. What’s the mood of the others—are they down, up, happy, expectant? Are they eager to learn from you, or do they show resistance? If you can sense what’s happening with others, you will be better able to reach them. So, listen before you talk.
The fourth suggestion is that you focus your energy. How do you get your energy up? Before the meeting, collect your thoughts about the goal of the meeting—yours and the other’s. Once you go through the doorway, no longer think about yourself. Focus on the person you are meeting to find out what he is interested in. Properly collected energy comes across when we sincerely believe something. When you speak with energy, you are involved with your audience and your message. You create an air of certainty. The audience may disagree with you, but they can’t question your belief.
Lastly, I would like to remind you that you should lighten up. Take a good hard look at your self. Do you say “I” too often? Are you only concentrated on your own problems? Do you complain frequently? If you answered yes to even one of these questions, you need to be more relaxed.
第五部分书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是江苏××中学的学生李平,下周是你校的60周年校庆,你和你的同学将要表演相声等节目,你的外教Peter一直对中国的文化艺术很感兴趣,因此你打算邀请他观看你们的演出。请根据下表内容给Peter写一封邀请信。
目的和主题：为庆祝建校60周年举办联欢会
时间：11月6日上午8：00到11：00
地点：校会议大厅
演出节目：相声、歌曲、舞蹈、武术等
参加人员：全校师生及往界毕业生
注意:
1. 生词: 联欢会party / get-together 周年纪念日anniversary 武术Wushu
2. 词数: 150左右,可适当拓展。
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参考答案
21-25 BBDDD 26-30 CDCCB 31-35 BCBBD
36-40 DADAB 41-45 BDBCA 46-50 ABABA 51-55 BBBBD
56-60 BCACB 61-65 CCAAA 66-70 ABCAD
任务型阅读:
7 1. effectively/well 72. different 73. smile 74. Force 75. talking 76. energy
77. calm 78. relaxed 79. much 80. depends
79. regularly 80. rules
书面表达(One possible version):
Dear Peter,
I’m writing to tell you something about our party. To celebrate the sixtieth anniversary of our school’s founding, we will hold a party in the meeting hall of our school on Nov. 6th. That is, next Friday. The party will start at 8:00 a.m. and last till 11:00. At it, a lot of interesting and wonderful performances will be given by us students, such as songs, dances, wushu and poem reciting. My classmates and I will also perform some crosstalk, which, you know, is a traditional Chinese form of comedy. All the teachers and students will come to the party, and so will former graduates from our school.
We have heard that you are interested in Chinese culture and art, so we would like to invite you to watch our performances. We believe you will enjoy our performances very much and have a good time. We will be expecting you at 7:40 that morning.
We are looking forward to seeing you.
Yours,
Li Ping