In the reading, the author claims/ it proposes three theories to explain what caused the Little Ice Age that occurred in about 1350 to 1900 C.E. By contrast, the professor in the lecture points out none of the arguments suggested by the reading material is convincing. /the professor, however, reputes the writer’s opinion one by one with strong arguments. The specific points are listed below.

To start with/firstly, the professor states that the Gulf Stream generated by melted glaciers only caused cooling in Europe and North America, whereas the Southern hemisphere areas like New Zealand and South Africa also experienced the Little Ice Age/ the Little Ice Age took place in southern areas. Because the Gulf Stream theory could not account for that, thus the professor contradicts the reading's first argument.

Secondly, the reading suggests that dark clouds of dust and sulfur gas emitted by volcanic eruption could block sunlight from reaching the Earth's surface, thus leading to a decrease in the global temperatures/and resulted in the Little Ice Age. However, the professor points out/holds that the volcanic eruption in the Little Ice Age was not strong enough to bring that into effect. He further explains that some striking visual effects/visual phenomena, like colorful sunset and grey or brown snow intead of white, would have been observed by people, if there were enough dark clouds of dust and sulfur gas floating in the air. But no such report was made. Therefore, the professor in the lecture disapproves the reading's second argument. /once taken this into consideration, volcanic eruptions seem not strong enough to release the large amounts of dusts needed to lower global temperatures.

Finally, according to the reading passage, forest trees absorbed too much CO2, a greenhouse gas, thus leading to a decrease in the greenhouse effect. However, the professor states the human population rebounded in a fairly quick speed and the forest trees were soon cleared for farming. The professor thinks there wasn't enough time for the greenhouse gas mechanism coming into effect and causing global cooling.

To sum up, the professor in the lecture respectively refutes the three arguments proposed in the reading material.

第二篇：TPO27独立写作

TPO27: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

If people have the opportunity to get secure job, they should take it right away rather than wait for a job that would be more satisfying.

Whether to accept a secure job or wait for a more satisfying job is a dilemma that many people have encountered, especially for the fresh college graduates. People's opinion to this problem may vary from person to person. As far as I am concerned, for the majority of people, it is better to get a secure job when the work opportunity is

First of all, a more satisfying job all too often requires the job candidates with a professional training and relative work experience. For example, lawyer can be considered as a desirable job because of a highly paid salary and flexible working hours. However, in order to become a lawyer, people first need to study in law school for years and research countless cases, and they are supposed to work for years before they are acquainted with general law services. Many fresh law graduates wish to work as a chef lawyer merely relying on the law training they have received from school. However, this is quite unrealistic. Instead of applying for申请 the chief lawyer position, I think to be a lawyer assistant should be more suitable for the newly graduated lawyers. Chance only favors the prepared mind. Therefore, I think people should accept a secure job to earn some practical working experience before they are ready for a more satisfying position.

In addition, a seemingly plain job may turn out to be more satisfying as time goes on. The truth is the longer we work in a particular position, the more skillful we will become. Many newly graduates are reluctant to work as a salesperson for the simple reason that a salesman is lowly paid in most cases, yet with additional working hours. My neighbor Mike is a salesman in a woman shoe section in a big shopping mall. This job would be treated as secure but not satisfying by most people. However, Mike gradually acquired an increasing passion for this job. He found it fun to recommend shoes to women according to their age and taste. Mike signed up for an etiquette class in a night school which he acquired the appropriate talking and behaving strategies. At work, he treats each consumer with equal respect and patience. As a result, he has kept the highest sale for years. At present, Milk is still a salesperson and he is proud to be a salesperson, for he is expert in selling women shoes, at the same time, he is well paid due to his good sales.

Also, the seemingly satisfactory jobs probably turn out to be less satisfying. People usually envy those in charge of a department, a department manager as we may call. They are well paid and have the power supervising the inferiors. On the contrary, a department manager have to shoulder more responsibilities and needs to travel in business trips to other cities that they will have limited time to be with their family. Every coin has two sides. If we take a close look at any seemingly pleasing job, we

will discover the downside. Therefore, the key to success in a job should be placed on a right attitude and above all, we need to keep learning.

To sum up, take all the aspects I mentioned above into account, I firmly believe we should take the secure job and make it become more satisfying as we are getting more skillful.