四六级写作要点总结
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时间：20xx-12-20 16:51 | 分类：学习笔记 -
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四六级写作要点总结
一．写作评分标准
写作满分为15分，分5个等级：2分、5分、8分、11分、14分。
各分段评分具体标准如下：
2分——条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子有错，且多数为严重错误。
5分——基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。
8分——基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯。语言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。
11分——切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。
14分——切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
二、过渡词语的运用
英语写作中，要做到行文连贯自然，很少有不用过渡词语的。而实际情况是，由于受汉语影响，很多学生只注重意义的连贯而忽视形式上的接应，结果造成英语句子连绵不断，病句很多且逻辑关系不明确。因此，平时练习时，应有意识地运用包括连词在内的过渡词语。现将常见过渡词句总结如下：
★常见于文章开头的词句
(1) With the development (progress, growth, etc.) of society (science, technology, economy, etc.), … has become more important than ever before in daily life.
(2) Recently, the problem of … has become the world’s focus.
★常见于文章结尾的词句
(1) In conclusion; In short; In summary; In brief; In a word; To conclude; To sum up; To end up等
(2) It’s only when one works hard enough that his success can be secured. ★表示先后次序的词句
first(ly), second(ly), third(ly), ...; to begin with..., moreover..., finally...; first of all, next, then, eventually; meanwhile; in the mean time; in due time; since then; shortly after等。
★表示因果关系的词句
because of; due to; owing to; thanks to; as a result; for this reason; consequently; accordingly; thus; hence; therefore; in this way等。
★表示比较和对比的词句
unlike； in contrast; on the contrary; despite; in spite of; on the other hand; otherwise; while; whereas; nevertheless; although; but; yet; still; likewise; in like manner; similarly; in the same way; just as等。
★表示附加的词句
again; in addition; and; also; furthermore; moreover; what’s more; not only... but also; besides; apart from等。
★表层进关系
additionally, in addition, also, besides, likewise, not only...but also, further, furthermore, in other words, moreover, equally important, for one thing...for another, what’s more, on the one hand...on the other hand, as well, last but not least. ★表举例
for example, for instance, a case in point, to illustrate, as an illustration, just as, take...for example, as follows.
★表让步/转折关系
though, although, as, while, despite, in spite of, regardless of, even though, for all that, but, yet, however, in contrast, still, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, on the contrary, on the other hand, at the same time.
★表解释同位关系
that is (to say), ...roughly means, in other words, by definition, namely, as a matter of fact, as...suggests, as regards, with regard to, concerning, as for, in terms of.
★表条件关系
if, in case (of), so long as, on condition that, assuming that, lest, while. ★表选择关系
or, or rather, alternatively, instead (of), rather than, whether...or, either...or, neither...nor, not...but.
★表总结关系
all in all, in all, briefly, in brief, altogether, to conclude, in conclusion, in one word, in short, in summary, to sum up, to summarize, on the whole, in sum, as has been mentioned (above).
三、常用句型
(1) 用于句首提出论题或现象的句型
① Recently, ...has become the focus of the society.
② ...has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life ③ Nowadays there is a growing concern for...
④ Nowadays it is common to hear/see...
⑤ ...has become a common occurrence in our daily life.
⑥ Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of...
⑦ It is only during the last/past few years that man has become generally aware that...
⑧ There is an old/popular saying/proverb which says/goes...
⑨ In recent years, there is a general tendency...
⑩ Nowadays...has become a problem we have to face.
(2) 用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型
① Some people like/prefer..., while others are/feel inclined to...
② There are different opinions among people as to...
③ Some people claim that...is superior to...Others, however, disagree with it. ④ Some people believe...Others maintain...Still others claim...
⑤ Some people suggest...Others, however, hold the opposite opinion. ⑥ On the one hand, people tend to...On the other hand, they feel...
⑦ Some people argue that...Others, in contrast, believe that...
⑧ Although more and more people come to believe...there are still others who insist that...
⑨ On the contrary, there are people in favor of...
⑩ There are some people who hold different opinions about...
(3) 用于陈述个人观点/想法的常用句型
① My own experience tells me that...
② In my opinion, we should attack more importance to...
③ As for my own idea about...I believe...
④ As far as I am concerned, I plan to...
⑤ Personally, I prefer...
⑥ In my view, both sides are partly right in that...
⑦ But for me, I would rather...
⑧ My own point of view is that...
⑨ In conclusion, I support the statement that...
⑩ As for me, I tend to choose...
(4) 用于结尾的常用句型
① From what has been discussed/mentioned above, we may conclude that... ② Therefore, it is not difficult to draw/come to the conclusion that... ③ It is high time that something was done about...
④ From all the reasons/consideration above, it is evident/clear/obvious that... ⑤ Taking into account all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that... ⑥ Given the reasons/consideration I have just outlined/discussed/presented, I strongly recommend that...
⑦ It is clear, therefore, that...
⑧ All in all, what really matters is, in fact, to...
⑨ It is essential that effective measure be taken to...
⑩ From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that...
In conclusion, the most important is...
On the whole, it is high time that every one...
As a result, we should take some effective steps to...
Judging by the figures/statistics, it is not difficult to see that...
Only in this way/in so doing, can be really...
(5) 用于书信写作的常用句型
①申请信/求职信
I’m writing to apply for admittance to your university/college as a visiting scholar/research assistant.
I’m writing to explore the possibility of spending one or two years working /studying in your institute/laboratory/company.
I would like to apply for admission to your department/university for study in... Please send me an application form for admission to your graduate program. According to this morning’s Times/China Daily/Beijing Youth Daily, you want an experienced efficient secretary.
Your advertisement in this morning’s transcript/Business Weekly... appeals to me because ... I offer my qualifications in the hope that you will consider me for the job.
I understand from Mr... that there is an opening for a reporter on the staff of the New York Sun.