形容词与副词的用法
一、概念：
形容词用来修饰名词或代词, 表示人或事物的性质, 状态,和特征的程度好坏等等。
▲ 使用形容词时的注意事项：
a)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. b)多个形容词修饰名词的顺序:
限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别--名词
副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念；包括 副词的种类有频度副词、方式副词、地点副词及时间副词等。 ▲使用副词时的注意事项：
a) 副词的位置：在动词之前。在be动词、助动词之后。多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。（大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。方式副词well，badly、，hard等只放在句尾。
b) 副词的排列顺序：时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。
方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词
连接。
多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。
c) 副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
特例：动词一般用副词来修饰，但是在系动词后一般用形容词作表语。
常见的系动词：look(看起来), sound(听起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), get(变得…), become(变成), grow(长成), turn(转变成), go(变), come(成为)，在这类词后一般用形容词做表语.
例：1、Let’s enjoy the song yesterday once more. It sounds .
A.well B. sadly C. nice D. bad
2、Jone looks so today because she has got an ―A‖ in her maths test.
A. happy B. happily C.angry D. angrily
答案：1.C 2.A
二、形容词变为副词的规则：
1、在形容词词尾直接加“ly”，
如:real—really, helpful—helpfully,careful—carefully;
2、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i，再加-ly，
如：busy—busily， angry—angrily；
3、某些以辅音字母加不发音的e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e，然后再加-y或-ly，
如：terrible—terribly， true—truly, gentle—gently，possible—possibly；
注意：nice—nicely, wise—wisely, polite—politely 除外。
4、有些词是形容词与副词同形的，如low，fast，late，early，much，little， hard；
5有些副词有两种形式，但是意义不同：
hard作形容词时表示“硬的，困难的“，作副词时表示”努力地，辛苦地，坚硬地，猛烈地”。 hardly为副词，意思是“刚刚，几乎不”。
类似的词还有：
close意思是"近"； closely 意思是"仔细地"
late意思是"晚"； lately 意思是"最近"
deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"
wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"
high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much
free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地"
另外，friendly， motherly，lovely，daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等词是形容词而非副词。
写出下列形容词相应的副词形式。
1.gentle_________ 2.slow_________ 3.busy_________
4.angry_________5.polite_________ 6.wide_________ 7true_________
8.terrible_________9.bad_________ 10.good_________
观察下列例句，梳理形容词与副词的用法及区别。
[例句]
1．Lily is a beautiful girl.
2．The boy is tall and thin ./ The cake tastes nice .
3．Please write slowly and carefully.
4．This blue dress is very beautiful ./ The car runs very slowly.
5．Luckily , the girl passed the English exam.
[梳理]
1．形容词的用法
（1） 放在__________前，充当定语，如例句1。
（2） 放在__________或__________后，充当定语，如例句2。
Tips：感官动词有：
看起来__________ 听起来__________ 摸起来__________
闻起来__________ 尝起来__________ （请写出相应的英文）
2．副词的用法：
（1） 修饰__________，如例句3。
（2） 修饰__________或__________，如例句4。
（3） 修饰__________，如例句5。
[巩固练习]
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．Annie enjoys reading books _________in a _________place.(quiet)
2. The bananas in that supermarket taste _________and sell_________.(good)
3.To be a _________typist, one needs to type_________.(fast)
4.Tracy was _________to know she had passed her driving test .She was so proud that she jumped up and down_________.(happy)
5---David used to be very lazy ,but now he’s a _________worker .He works very_________.
---Really? I can _________believe it .(hard)
6.The stream runs _________(gentle) down the hill.
7.Mr Brown is a _________(busy) man.
8.My little daughter can run__________ (fast).
9.The children are playing __________(happy) in the park,
.10.Don’t __________(rude) interrupt others when they are talking.
单项选择。
( )1.The boy fell out of the tree and hurt himself __________
A.badly B.dad C.hardly D.worse
( )2.The moon is shining very__________tonight.
A.bright B.brighter C.more brightly D.brightly
( )3. ―Please be __________here ,‖ the woman says to us __________.
A.quiet;quietly B. quiet;quiet C. quietly;quietly D. quietly;quiet
( )4. These exercises are very simple .I can finish them__________.
A.easy B.easily C.easier D.more easily
( )5.—Do you think the food tastes __________?
----Yes .She cooked it __________,I think .
A.nice;good B.nicely;well C.nicely;good D.nice;well
( )6. My mother didn’t feel very __________yesterday, so she didn’t go to work.
A.good B.well C.fine D.nice
( )7. Tom doesn’t dance__________as his sister,
A.as beautiful B. more beautiful C. as beautifully D. more beautifully
( )8.—My pet died yesterday .
---Oh , I an _________sorry to hear that.
A.real B.really C.terrible D.bad
( )9. ---How was the weather last weekend?
---It was terrible .It rained _________and we could _________go out .
A.heavily ;hard B. heavy ;hard C. heavy ;hardly D. heavily ;hardly
( )10. –Little Susan draws pictures ________,so her mother speaks ________of her.
A.carefully ;high B.careful ;highly C.carefully ;highly D.careful ;high
注意：
一、enough用作副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，要放在所修饰的词后面。 例题：
1、Is there in today’s paper?
A. everything special B. special nothing C. anything special D. special something
2、The young man is to carry the heavy box.
A. enough strong B. strongenough C. too strong D. so strong
3、It is to work out this problem. You needn’t go to the teacher.
A. enough easy B. easily enough C. easy enough D. very easily
答案：1.C 2.B 3.C
二、几组容易混淆的形容词和副词
1、hard, hardly
(1) Pass my glasses to me, Jack, I can read the words in the newspaper.
A. hardly B.really C. rather D. claarly
(2) ---Can you understand me? ---Sorry, I can understand you.
A. hardly B. almost C. ever D. nearly 答案：1.A 2.A
2、good, well: good是形容词，意为“好的”，修饰名词，well是副词，意为“好”，修饰动词，但表示“身体健康”时，well是形容词，用做表语。 (1) She is so at maths as you are.
A. well B. good C. better D.best
(2) Don’t worry, your daughter will be soon.
A. sick B. well C. happy D. good 答案：1.B 2.B
3、already, yet, ever, never: already意为“已经”，通常用于陈述句，用于疑问句时表示惊异、怀疑，不用于否定句。yet 意为“尚”、“仍然”，常用于否定句和疑问句。ever意为“曾经”，never意为“从不”， never含否定意义，因此在反义疑问句中，如果陈述句部分用了never,反义疑问句部分应该用肯定形式。
1. The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they haven’t got everything ready .
A. ever B. already C. yet D. still