高考英语写作……描述性写作

一. 教学内容：

描述性写作

二. 重点、难点：

I. 特点及常用结构

1. 描述性文章是把人物、事件、景观、地点、环境等用生动的语言，形象地描绘出来。

2. 描述性文章的结构

（1）人物：

开头应有简明的介绍

文章的主体部分可按时间或事件的主次进行描述

结尾进行评论或谈感受

（2）地点：

要学会准确地表示方位的词或短语

描述地点的位置通常由上至下，从里到外，从左至右，从远到近。

总之，无论是描述人物，还是地点、环境，都要详略得当，重点突出。

3. 学习并牢记下面的短语和句型

表空间顺序

in front of, in the front of, at the back of,

on the right （left）side

close to , next to, opposite, across,

inside, outside

in （to）the south / east / west / north

on one side …, on the other side（of）

常用短语和句型：

方位

1. There is a tall shelf on the left of my room. （on the right of, in the front of, near the window, ）

2. Above the bed, there is a large painting of the blue sea. （On the right of the room,）

3. Next to it is a bed. （In front of it, At the back of, In the middle of, To the right of ）

4. They are opposite the door. （on the left / right of the room.）

5. The office building is in the east of the campus. （in the south of, to the west of, in front of, behind, at the back of, ）

6. The monument, which was built in 1894, stands in the center of the square.

描述国家，城市等

7. China is located in Asia. （be situated…be surrounded by, lie to the east of ）

8. It covers a huge area of 9,600 000 square kilometers.

9. The population of this city is 100,000.

路线

10. When you come out of …（get to …reach…）

11. Cross the street（river）（keep walking along… walk down…）

12. Turn right at the end of Bridge Street into Riverside Road. （the second traffic lights, the first crossing, ）

13. Take the first turning on your left. （take the path which crosses the river.））

14. Go straight on to the traffic light and then turn right.

15. You’ll see （find）it

人物

16. My grandpa, kind and patient, enjoys talking with kids.

17. He is about 5 feet and 7inches tall.

18. She has a round face with two big eyes.

描述物品

19. This rope is 100 meters long. = The length of this rope is 100 meters. = This rope is 100 meters in length. （in weight, in width, in height, in size, in color, in shape）

20. It is a round yellow hat with pink flowers on it. It’s made of straw.

21. There are three books in the her drawer.

II. 范文讲解

1. 19xx年NMET书面表达

假设你是李华，在一所中学读书。最近收到美国朋友Smith先生的来信。他三年前参观过你校，听说现在变化很大，希望了解有关情况。参照下图，给他写一封回信，介绍你校的变化。

注意：

（1）回信须包括图画的主要内容，可适当增减细节，使内容连贯。

（2）词数100字左右。

A. 审题：

（1）一封信（体裁）

（2）谈学校的变化（三年前图1，三年后图2）

（3）重点在三年后的描述

B. 题纲及常用结构

（1）开头语：收到来信hear from sb. / get （receive）your letter …

（2）学校的变化：

新教学楼：a new school building

图书馆：our new library

新操场：the new playground

树木环绕：lots of trees

（3）表述方位的词：

on one side （on the other side）

on the right （left）

There be …,

in front of, in and around

C. 将以上要点扩展成句并连文，注意句与句之间的过渡。

Dear Mr. Smith,

I was so pleased to hear from you and I am writing to tell you something about my school. You are right, Quite a few changes have taken place. On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new building our library. In it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines. The playground

is now in front of the school. We have also planted a lot of trees in and around the school. I hope you come and see for yourself some day.

Best wishes.

Yours,

Li Hua

2. 假如你叫Alice，你本应去机场接Danial，但你不得不去医院接你的母亲回家，你的朋友Mary主动提出替你去机场接Danial，你给Danial写信说明上述情况，并描述Mary的外表。

Something About Miss Mary

Age in her twenties

Looks slim, of medium height, wavy hair, with glasses

Clothes a T-shirt

Shoes high-heeled shoes

Personality kind and cheerful

A. 审题：

（1）描述性文字的信。

（2）重点描述人物的特点和外貌

B. 题纲：

（1）开头：表明不能去的原因及解决办法。

（2）中间：描述Mary的外貌及特点。

利用表中的key-word

（3）信的结尾：I’m looking forward to seeing you.

1.

Dear Danial,

I’m very sorry I can’t come to meet you at the airport since I have to take my mother home from hospital. My friend Mary has kindly offered to meet you and bring you home. As you have never met her before. I’ll describe her to you.

Miss Mary is a young lady in her twenties with glasses. She is of medium height. She has a round face with wavy hair. She likes wearing high－heeled shoes. It is easy to recognize her because she is usually dressed in T－shirt and a skirt. She is always cheerful.

I do hope you manage to recognize my friend Mary without any difficulty. I’m looking forward to seeing you.

Your sincerely,

Alice

【模拟试题】

1. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike将于6月底到北京作短暂停留，请你帮他安排一天的活动。要求用所给的示意图写一封信向他提出建议并对各地点加以简单的介绍。

2. 假如你昨天参观了一所高中示范校。请按照图中规定的顺序（从主楼出发），根据以下图表和中文提示，向你班里的其他同学用英文讲述你参观该校时的所见所闻。

注意：

（1）词数100左右；

（2）开头与结尾已为你写好。

生词：喷泉fountain

参观地点 学生活动

实验楼 做实验

艺术中心 练乐器

报告厅 听报告

操场 足球赛

【试题答案】

1. Dear Mike,

I’m glad to hear you are coming soon. I’ve planned a one-day trip for you in Beijing.

In the morning you can first go to the Summer Palace, which is one of the most beautiful parks in Beijing. There you can go boating and climbing. It’s also a nice place for taking pictures. Then in the middle of the day you can enjoy a Chinese lunch in a restaurant.

In the afternoon, I suggest you visit Beijing University. As you know, it is famous both in China and in the world. Before you go back to your hotel, you can drop in the Book Town. There are not only different kinds books but also many Chinese paintings. I hope you’ll have a good time.

Best wishes,

Yours,

Li Hua

2. Yesterday I paid a visit to a model high school, together with my friend. It’s very big with a beautiful fountain in the center of the schoolyard.

We started our visit from the main building. First we went to the lab building where some students were doing experiments. Then we entered the lecture hall behind the lab building and saw many students listening to a lecture given by a professor. Opposite to the lecture hall was the art center. There we watched groups of students playing musical instruments. Finally we arrived at the playground at the far back of the school. Some boys were having a football game, which was so exciting that we couldn’t help cheering for them.

It was really an impressive visit.

第二篇：高考英语作文写作基础—话题写作练习

高考英语写作……话题写作练习

一. 教学内容：

话题写作练习

A 人物介绍

参考篇目：Unit 1. Hawking. Einstein

注意：1. 表格变为段落

2．按时间顺序

3．根据逻辑关系加上连接词

常用短语和词汇：

be born when he/she was ……years old /at the age of

later begin to graduate from

spend time doing discover

评价：be considered to be / be regarded as

be rewarded…… contribute

devoted oneself to sth.

根据以下素材写一篇介绍爱因斯坦的短文

Date of birth: March 14th, 1879 Place of birth: Germany

Childhood: curious, slowing in learning

Education background:

1886 : study in Munich, mathematics, religion

1896 : graduated from high school

1900 : become a maths teacher

1905 : receive a doctor’s degree

Achievement: develop the Theory of Relativity by 1915

prove light is bent when passing the sun

won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922

Evaluation: one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century

Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein was born on March 14th,1879 in Germany. When he was a child,he was curious about everything, but he was considered to be slow at learning. In 1886, he began to study in Munich. He studied mathematics as well as religion. In 1896,Einstein graduated from high school at the age of 17.

Four years later, Einstein became a maths teacher. In 1905, he received a doctor’s degree. By the year 1915, he had developed the famous Theory of Relativity and became famous in the world. He proved that light is bent as it passes the sun. Because of his great achievement, he won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922.

Einstein was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century. Some people say that he was a genius. But I think the main reason why he was so successful was his hard work .

B. 说明文

参考篇目：Unit2.News Media 不同观点对比。阐述自己观点。

常用短语和词汇：

对比：while, but, however, on the contrary, on the other hand,

类比：as well, besides, also, too,

表达观点：I think, in my opinion, it seems to me……

1. 适当增加与要点有关的语句加以说明；

2. 主要陈述自己观点，对对方观点要提及并加以驳斥；

3. 在结尾处重申自己的观点

********

你们班上在讨论城市里博物馆的作用。根据以下内容，写一篇120字左右的短文，陈述你自己的观点。开头已给出。

Side A

1. Museums can help understand what happened in the past

2. Museums can educate people

3. Museums are centers for research.

4. Museums can attract tourists to the city

Side B

1. Museums use up a great sum of money

2. Museums are usually in old buildings, so they need protection

Most cities have at least one museum, but how important are museums to people living in the 21st century?

Some people think that museums use up the money which could be spent on other things. Besides, museums are usually in old buildings, so they often need protection.

In my opinion, museums can help people understand what happened in the past. If we have a better understanding of the past, we may improve our life in the future. Museums play an important role in educating people and they are centers for research. Also, museums are very important for tourism. They attract a lot of tourists to the city each year.

To sum up, it seems to me that museums are an important part of our life. They are worth visiting and protecting.

C. Safety Rules

参考篇目：Unit8 First Aid

Useful expressions:

You should always… Please don’t ….

You ought to …

You should not….

You must…. Never…..

Make sure that ….

You must never….

Always remember to ….

*********

Use the lists of dos and don’ts below to write a passage about safety rules in the chemistry lab.

Dos

?wash your hands before & after the experiment

?keep the air fresh

?put on gloves when doing experiments

?be careful with fire and dangerous chemicals

Don’ts

?taste chemicals

?eat anything

?touch anything without teacher’s permission

?run about in the lab

An emergency may happen every day. But if we are careful and follow some safety rules, some can be avoided. Let’s take chemistry lab as an example.

First of all, you should wash your hands before and after the experiment. And you should keep the air in the lab fresh. You’d better put on the gloves when doing the experiment. Be careful with fire and dangerous medicine.

Never taste chemicals or eat anything in the lab. Always remember not to touch anything without teacher’s permission. You shouldn’t run about in the lab.

Only in this way can you keep yourself safe in the lab.

D. 记叙文

参考篇目：Unit 7 Living with disease / Diagnosed with Cancer

时间、地点、人物、事件、因果关系交待清。

时态：过去时

表示时间的短语：one day, while, when, then, a moment later, as soon as…

因果关系：so, as, as a result……

图示提示要先审图，记要点，列出所需词汇和短语。

*********

根据以下图示（图略），以Naughty Tommy为题，写一篇短文，描述在公园里所发生的事。

Tommy was a naughty boy. One day he saw a girl playing happily under a tree. He decided to play a trick on her. So he picked up a stone and hid himself behind the tree. Then he threw the stone at the girl. Hit on the back, the girl began to cry. Tommy was very happy and went away with a smile.

A moment later, he saw a dog sleeping on a bench. He picked up a stone again

and hit the dog. The dog woke up and jumped at him. Tommy was so frightened that

he ran away as fast as he could.

E. 过程描写

Useful expressions:

? ?

? ?

? ?

? ? While….. as soon as be about to do….when…. just as….

? ? suddenly / all of a suddenly

? ? happen to do…/ It happened that…

Tips:

How to write a process paragraph?

1. 审题: 文字，图表

2.文体

3. 人称

4. 时态

5. 内容要点

a) 时间

b) 地点

c) 人物

d) 事件经过

6. 所需词汇及句型：

Practical writing:

NMET 2000

假设你是李华，在美国探亲。20xx年2月8日清晨，你目击一起交通事故。 警察局让你写一份材料，报告当时所见情况。请根据下列图画写出报告。

注意：1 目击者应该准确报告事实；

2 词数100左右；

3 结尾已为你写好。

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________ After two minutes later I stopped a passing car and took the old man to the nearest hospital.

Possible version:

It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000. I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street. Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and make a right turn into Park Road. Suddenly the car hit the man while he was crossing the road. He fell with a cry. The car didn’t stop but drove off at great speed heading west. I noticed the driver was a young woman and the plate number was AC864. About two

minutes later I stopped a passing car and took the old man to the nearest hospital.

学生习作

（A）

At 7:15 on the morning of Feb,8th ,2000, I was heading east on the south side of the Park Road, taking my morning walk as usual. I saw an old man on the other side of the road outside the gate of the City Park. He was just crossing the street when a car on the 3rd Street made a sudden right turn at the crossing. The car was so fast that the old man even didn’t have time to dodge and the car hit the elderly hard. I thought the driver would stop to help but she didn’t. Instead, she just drove off, leaving the old man still lying on the ground in pain. Fortunately, I noted down the details: it was a yellow car, the plate number of which was AC864, and the driver was a young lady. After that I went over to check out the old man.

（B）

It was 7:15 on the morning of Feb,8,2000. I was walking along the southern side of Park Road. I noticed that an old man coming out of City Park was going to cross the road. There was no car at the moment, so the old man started to cross the road. What happened next really surprised me. A yellow car roared down the 3rd Street, made a right turn and knocked the old man down. It happened in such a short time that the old man had no time to react. Seeing this, I rushed to the place where the old man was hit just in time to see the plate number of the yellow car. It was AC864.

F. 地点描写

参考篇目：Unit 5 The British Isles

Useful expressions:

be located in / lie in / be situated in

in the west of, to the west of

off the east coast of

cover an area of …… square kilometers

be made up of / consist of

be separated from

be surrounded by

has a population of

******** ********* ******

Location: north-west of Beijing Area: 3.5 square kilometers

History: built in Qing Dynasty, 150 years of construction

in 1860, Anglo-French Forces invaded Beijing, set fire,

took away treasures, ruins,

new China, protected, part of it, rebuilt in 1980’s,

Yuanmingyuan Park

Yuanmingyuan , which is a ruined park, is located in the north-west of Beijing. It covers an area of

3.5 square kilometers. It was built during the Qing Dynasty. After 150 years of construction, it

became one of the most famous palaces in China as well as in the world.

However, when Anglo-French forces invaded Beijing in 1860, the whole palace was set on fire. Treasures were taken away and stones lay in ruins.

It was not until the founding of New China that it began to be protected. Part of it was rebuilt in 1980’s.

The stones take on a golden color at the sunset, as if they were telling the story of yesterday.

文章的检查

时态，词形，人称，数，逻辑关系

It was 7:15 in the morning of February 8,2000. 1._________

I was walking along Park Road towards to the east 2. ________

when a old man came out of the park on the other 3. ________

side of the street. Then I saw a yellow car drive up 4. ________

Third Street and made a right turn into Park Road. 5. ________

The next moment the car hit a man while he 6. ________

was acrossing the road. He fell with a cry. The 7. ________

car not stop but drove off at great speed heading 8. ________

west. I notice the driver was a young woman, 9. ________

the plate number was AC 864. About two minutes 10. _______

later I stopped a passing car and took the old man to

the nearest hospital.

1. in→on 2. to去掉 3. a 改为an 4. 正确 5. made改为make 6. a 改为an 7. acrossing应为crossing 8. not前加did 9. notice→noticed 10.the plate number前加and