表示原因的常用句型
? 1）There are three reasons for this.
? 2）The reasons for this are as follows.
? 3）The reason for this is obvious.
? 4）The reason for this is not far to seek.
? 5）The reason for this is that...
? 6）We have good reason to believe that...
? e.g. There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly，
people’s living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.
表示好处的常用句型
? 1） It has the following advantages.
? 2） It does us a lot of good.
? 3） It benefits us quite a lot.
? 4） It is beneficial to us.
? 5） It is of great benefit to us.
? e.g. Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better，and they can
open our minds and widen our horizons. Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us.
表示坏处的常用句型
e.g. However，everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.
表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
? 1）It is important（necessary，difficult， convenient， possible）for sb. to do sth. ? 2）We think it necessary to do sth.
? 3）It plays an important role in our life.
? e.g. Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in
schools or in business. Soon， computers will be found in every home，too. We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.
表示措施的常用句型
? 1）We should take some effective measures.
? 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties.
? 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth.
? 4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with.
? e.g. The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more
serious. Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it.
表示变化的常用句型
? 1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years.
? 2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications.
? 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education.
? e.g. Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years. The major
reasons for these changes are not far to seek. Nowadays，more and more people are
switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins.
表示事实、现状的常用句型
? 1）We cannot ignore the fact that...
? 2）No one can deny the fact that...
? 3）There is no denying the fact that...
? 4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.
? 5）However，that’s not the case.
? Eg: We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of
pollution. To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution. The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.
表示比较的常用句型
1）Compared with A，B...
2） A and B has several points in common.
3）It is true that A ... , but the chief fault B (obvious defects )are ...
4）A and B differ in several ways.
5） The advantages of A are much greater than
those of B.
6）I prefer to read rather than watch TV.
7）There is a striking contrast between them.
e.g. Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable. Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum. Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem. Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise.
表示例举的常用句型
1) A good case in point is ...
2) As an illustration, we may take ...
3) Such examples might be given easily.
4) ...is often cited as an example.
表示数量的常用句型
1）It has increased（decreased）from...to...
2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000.
3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January.
e.g. 1. With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.
2. From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000 表示看法的常用句型
? 1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth.
? 2）People have different opinions on this problem.
? 3）People take different views of（on）the question.
? 4）Some people believe that...Others argue that...
? e.g. People have different attitudes towards failure. Some believe that failure leads to
success. Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor. However, others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers.
? e.g. Do “lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views
on it.
表示结论的常用句型
1）In short，it can be said that ...
2）It may be briefly summed up as follows.
3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ...
e.g. From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved.
部分常用套语
? 1）It’s well known to us that ...
? 2）As is known to us，...
? 3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about.
? 4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ...
? 5）As a proverb says，“ Where there is a will，there is a way.”
文章总体构建
写作要点及技巧
文章结构
突出主题 （开头句）
主题句和扩展句
段落的展开 a. 段落一致性
b. 段落连贯性（关联词）
万能句
1. 引述名言谚语
e.g. (1) As the old saying goes:" Knowledge is power." The main way for us students
to gain knowledge is from the books. So some students argue that we should read
extensively...
(2)It is well known to us all that "..."
2. 对比，比较
e.g. (1) Some people say ..., while others claim that ...
(2) Some people believe..., but others argue that...
(3) Old people often feel that..., but for the young, it is ....
3. 提出一个问题
e.g. (1) Should the Spring Festival Gala be cancelled ? Different people have different answers.
(2) Misunderstanding is inevitable in communications. If such misfortunes occurs, what is
your response? Here are some tips for you to treat it in a proper way.
4. 数据引证（一般用在看图作文中）
e.g. (1) As we can see in the charts(柱状图，圆形百分比图)，the number of Chinese people who
go abroad has increased greatly between 1992 and 2002.
(2) The figures in this graph（曲线图）show us that...
(3) According to the graph, we can find that...
(4) It can be seen from the table（图表，表格）that...
5. 陈述现状
e.g. (1) With the rapid development of..., the interview is becoming more and more
important in job-hunting.
(2) Because of the development of..., great changes have occurred in the educational
system of China.
(3) In recent years cheating in CET4 still prevails among the college students. （近几
年里四级考试舞弊现象在大学生中仍然很普遍。）
(4) It is well-accepted that nowadays dishonesty is a common phenomenon in society.
(人们都意识到现今社会中普遍存在不诚实的现象)
常用的过渡词或短语 （转承语的使用）
2. 表示“承”接，一般用于段落中间，可举例，可用同义词说明
可进一步解释，补充内容。
A. for example; for instance;
B. furthermore; In addition; moreover;
What’s more
C. In particular; in the same way; meanwhile; namely; similarly in other words; likewise;
3. 表示“转”折，常用于段中：
? In contrast; in spite of;
? nevertheless;
? On the contrary; unlike;
? unfortunately;
? Whereas; although
4. 表示“合”， 一般用于段落小结或引出结尾段：
? Above all; accordingly;
? as a result;
? Consequently; in a word; thus;
? In summary; to sum up;
? in conclusion;
? So; therefore; hence
作文预测
一．Should we please everybody? ? 【参考范文】
? Nowadays, people put more and more emphasis on interpersonal
relationship. Some say that they should please everybody if they want to maintain extensive interpersonal circle. Some say that there is no need to please everybody and good interpersonal relationship builds not on pleasing everybody..
? As far as I am concerned, I favor the latter. Firstly, as different people have different personalities, and if we please everybody, we will become very tired. Secondly, as some people think and feel differently from us, we need
to hide our true thoughts and feelings if we please everybody. Consequently, some people will not pay attention to our thoughts and feelings anymore. ? In conclusion, it is not worthwhile to please everybody. Good
interpersonal relationship needs our sincerity, integrity and honesty rather than flattering and hypocrisy.
? 【高分表达】
? put more and more emphasis on... 越来越重视??
? extensive 广泛的
? interpersonal circle 人际圈
? build on... 以??为基础
? consequently 因此(表结果)
? Good interpersonal relationship needs our sincerity, integrity and
honesty rather than flattering and hypocrisy. 良好的人际关系需要我们真诚、正直、诚实而不是奉承和虚伪。
二．Shall we acknowledge our mistakes actively? ? 【参考范文】
? When we make mistakes, we will feel embarrassed and shameful. However,
sometimes we won’t acknowledge our mistakes actively especially when our mistakes are involved with others .We tend to think that I won’t commit the same mistake any more and there is no need to acknowledge the mistakes. ? Is there no need to acknowledge our mistakes? Definitely no. There are
two reasons to account for this. Firstly, acknowledging our mistakes actively represents a kind of attitude which indicates that we have realized the mistakes and we will be responsible for it. Secondly, when we say “sorry, it’s my fault” to our partners or to the person involved with our mistakes, they will forget the harm or loss our mistakes bring them and will continue cooperation and connection with us because they regard that we can shoulder the responsibility. Otherwise, we will leave a bad impression on them. ? All in all, it is not embarrassed to acknowledge our mistakes. Instead,
acknowledging our mistakes actively reflects our responsible attitude and can leave a good impressions on others.
? 【高分表达】
? feel embarrassed and shameful 觉得不好意思、羞愧
? be involved with 与??相关，涉及
? We tend to think that I won’t commit the same mistake any more and there
is no need to acknowledge the mistakes. 我们常常这样想：我不会再犯同样的错误了，没必要承认错误。
? account for 解释??，是??的原因
? be responsible for 为??负责
? continue cooperation and connection with us 继续同我们的合作和与联系 ? all in all 总之
三．The Most Important Quality of a College Student ? Many people describe their college years as the best time of their lives.
However, not every student achieves the same level of success. This raise the question: What is the most essential quality needed to succeed in one’s higher education?
? Personally, of all attributes that can contribute to a successful college
career, the most important one is effective time management. To begin with, students who know how to manage their time effectively will be able to ensure strong academic performance. While getting high grades in by no means the only aspect of success for undergraduates, students who fail in most or all of their courses could hardly be considered successful. In addition,
time-management consciousness can enable students to become more socially successful. University is not just an academic experience, but also a social one. Students who fail to budget their time and, in turn, fall behind in their studies, will have fewer opportunities to hang out with friends and classmates.
? For the above reasons, I believe that time management is the most
important quality for a college students.
? 【译文】
? 大学生最重要的素质
? 很多人将他们的大学时代描述为生活中最美好的时光。不过，并不是每个学生
都能取得同样的成功。这也提出了一个问题：大学生要在高等教育中取得成功最重要的素质是什么?
? 我认为，在可以促成大学生活成功的品质中，最重要的是有效的时间管理。首
先，那些知道如何有效管理时间的学生也能够保证较高的学业成绩。虽然，对于大学生来说，高分并不是大学成功的唯一方面，但那些大多数科目或者全部考试不及格的学生几乎也不会被认为是成功的。另外，具有时间管理意识也能促进学生在社
交方面更加成功。大学不仅是学业经历，也是社会体验。那些没有合理安排时间的学生在学习上也会被落下，也就没什么机会跟他们的朋友和同学交往。
? 基于以上原因，我认为时间管理技能是大学生最重要的素质。
? 【写作思路】
? 首段从大学生活叹气，随后通过一问一答形式引出全文论点：大学生最重要的
素质是有效管理时间。下文阐释了两点原因：1. 有效地时间管理能保证较高的学业成绩;2. 能拥有积极的社交生活。末端再次强调观点。
? 【亮点表达】
? 1. describe A as B 将A描述为B
? 2. raise the question 提出问题
? 3. higher education 高等教育(注意不是high education 高中教育) ? 4. attributes 同义替换qualities 品性
? 5. contribute to 促成
? 6. by no means 决不
? 7. budget their time 同义替换manage their time 管理时间
? 8. hang out with sb. 与某人出去玩儿