1. 国际贸易术语十三种 3
2. 外贸单证常用词汇200句 5
外贸单证词汇 5
3. 专业外贸术语的英文表达 11
3.1. 支付条件（TERMS OF PAYMENT) 12
3.2. 催开信用证(PRESSING FOR L/C) 12
3.3 .修改信用证 (AMENDMENT TO L/C) 13
4. 国际结算常用英语词汇 14
5. 外贸英语口语：打造金牌销售 15
6. 外贸常用语——商品检验 17
7. 不可不知的国际贸易英语 22
8. 企业外贸业务用语大全 23
9. 采购员必须掌握的英语词汇 27
10. 疯狂商务英语30句 27
11. 6种英文邀请信范文 29
12. 交际英语：美式待客之道 35
14. 钱在英语中的二十六种使用方法 39
1. 国际贸易术语十三种
《19xx年国际贸易术语解释通则》共列出十三种贸易术语，其要点如下：
(一)工厂交货( EXW)
本术语英文为"EX Works(... named place)"，即"工厂交货(......指定地点)"。
它指卖方负有在其所在地即车间、工厂、仓库等把备妥的货物交付给买方的责任，但通常不负责将货物装上买方准备的车辆上或办理货物结关。买方承担自卖方的所在地将货物运至预期的目的地的全部费用和风险。
(二)货交承运人(FCA)
本术语英文为“Free Carrier(... named place)”，即“货物交承运人(......指定地点)”。
它指卖方应负责将其移交的货物，办理出关后，在指定的地点交付给买方指定的承运入照管。根据商业惯例，当卖方被要求与承运人通过签订合同进行协作时，在买方承担风险和费用的情况下，卖方可以照此办理。本术语适用于任何运输方式。
(三)船边交货(FAS)
本术语英文为“Free Alongside ship(... named port of shipment)”即“船边交货(......指定装运港)”。
它指卖方在指定的装运港码头或驳船上把货物交至船边，从这时起买方须承担货物灭失或损坏的全部费用和风险，另外买方须办理出口结关手续。本术语适用于海运或内河运输。
(四)船上交货(FOB)
本术语英文为“ Free on Boaro(... named port of shipment)”，即“船上交货(......指定装运港)”。
它指卖方在指定的装运港把货物送过船舷后交付，货过船舷后买方须承担货物的全部费用、风险、灭失或损坏，另外要求卖方办理货物的出口结关手续。本术语适用于海运或内河运输。
(五)成本加运费(CFR或c＆F)
本术语英文为“ Cost and Freight (named port of shipment)”，即“成本加运费(......指定目的港)”。
它指卖方必须支付把货物运至指定目的港所需的开支和运费，但从货物交至船上甲板后，货物的风险、灭失或损坏以及发生事故后造成的额外开支，在货物越过指定港的船舷后，就由卖方转向买方负担．另外要求卖方办理货物的出口结关手续。本术语适用于海运或内河运输。
(六)成本、保险费加运费(CIF)
本术语英文为“Cost,Insurance and Freight(...named port of shipment)”，即“成本、保险费加运费(......指定目的港)”。
它指卖方除负有与“成本加运费”术语相同的义务外，卖方还须办理货物在运输途中应由买方承担购货物灭失或损坏的海运保险并支付保险费。本术语适用于海运或内河运输。
(七)运费付至(CPT)
本术语英文为“Carriage Paid to)：tid to(... named place of destination)”，即“运费付至(......指定目的地)”。
本术语系指卖方支付货物运至指定目的地的运费。关于货物灭失或损坏的风险以及货物交至承运人后发生事件所产生的任何额外费用，自货物已交付给承运人照管之时起，从卖方转由买方承担。另外，卖方须办理货物出口的结关手续。本术语适用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。
(八)运费及保险费付至(CIP)
本术语英文为“Carriage and Insurance Paid to(... named place of destination)”，即“运费及保险费付至(......指定目的地)”。 它指卖方除负有与“运费付至(......指定目的地)”术语相同的义务外，卖方还须办理货物在运输途中应由买方承担的货物灭失或损坏风险的海运保险并支付保险费。本术语适用于任何运输方式。
(九)边境交货(DAF)
本术语的英文为“Delivered at Frontier(...named place)”，即“边境交货(......指定地点)”。
它指卖方承担如下义务，将备妥的货物运至边境上的指定地点，办理货物出口结关手续，在毗邻国家海关关境前交货，本术语主要适用于通过铁路或公路运输的货物，也可用于其他运输方式。
(十)目的港船上交货(DES)
本术语的英文为“Delivered Ex Ship(... named port of destination)”， 即“目的港船上交货(......指定目的港)”。
它系指卖方履行如下义务，把备妥的货物，在指定目的港的船甲板上不办理货物进口结关手续的情况下，交给买方，故卖方须承担包括货物运至指定目的港的所有费用与风险。本术语只适用于海运或内河运输。
(十一)目的港码头交货(DEQ)
本术语的英文为 ：“Delivered Ex Quay (Duty Paid)(...named port of destination)”，即“目的港码头交货(关税已付)(......指定目的港)”。
本术语指卖方履行如下义务，将其备好的货物，在指定目的港的码头，办理进口结关后，交付给买方，而且卖方须承担所有风险和费用，包括关锐、捐税和其他交货中出现的费用。本术语适用于海运或内河运输。
(十二)未完税交货(DDU)
本术语的英文为“Delivered Duty Unpaid(... named place of destination)”，即“未完税交货(......指定目的地)”。
它指卖方将备好的货物，在进口国指定的地点交付，而且须承担货物运至指定地点的一切费用和风险(不包括关税、捐税及进口时应支付的其他官方费用)，另外须承担办理海关手续的费用和风险。买方须承担因未能及时办理货物进口结关而引起的额外费用和风险。本术语适用于各种运输方式。
(十三)完税后交货(DDP)
本术语的英文为“Delivered Duty Paid(... named place ofdestination)”，即“完税后交货(......指定目的地)”。它是指卖方将备好的货物在进口国指定地点交付，而且承担将货物运至指定地点的一切费用和风险，并办理进口结关。本术语可适用于各种运输方式。
2. 外贸单证常用词汇200句
外贸单证词汇
一致性证书 cettificate of conformity
质量证书 certificate of quality
测试报告 test report
产品性能报告 product performance report
产品规格型号报告 product specification report
工艺数据报告 process data report
首样测试报告 first sample test report
价格／销售目录 price ／sales catalogue
参与方信息 party information
农产品加工厂证书 mill certificate
家产品加工厂证书 ——暂时空缺，请各位网友帮忙提供
邮政收据 post receipt
重量证书 weight certificate
重量单 weight list
证书 cerificate
价值与原产地综合证书 combined certificate of value adn origin
移动声明A．TR．1 movement certificate A．TR．1
数量证书 certificate of quantity
质量数据报文 quality data message
查询 query
查询回复 response to query
订购单 purchase order
制造说明 manufacturing instructions
领料单 stores requisition
产品售价单 invoicing data sheet
包装说明 packing instruction
内部运输单 internal transport order
统计及其他管理用内部单证 statistical and oter administrative internal docu-ments
直接支付估价申请 direct payment valuation request
直接支付估价单 direct payment valuation
临时支付估价单 rpovisional payment valuation
支付估价单 payment valuation
数量估价单 quantity valuation request
数量估价申请 quantity valuation request
合同数量单 contract bill of quantities-BOQ
不祭价投标数量单 unpriced tender BOQ
标价投标数量单 priced tender BOQ
询价单 enquiry
临时支付申请 interim application for payment 支付协议 agreement to pay
意向书 letter of intent
订单 order
总订单 blanket order
现货订单 sport order
租赁单 lease order
紧急订单 rush order
修理单 repair order
分订单 call off order
寄售单 consignment order
样品订单 sample order
换货单 swap order
订购单变更请求 purchase order change request 订购单回复 purchase order response
租用单 hire order
备件订单 spare parts order
交货说明 delivery instructions
交货计划表 delivery schedule
按时交货 delivery just-in-time
发货通知 delivery release
交货通知 delivery note
装箱单 packing list
发盘／报价 offer／quotation
报价申请 request for quote
合同 contract
订单确认 acknowledgement of order
形式#5@p proforma invoice
部分#5@p partial invoice
操作说明 operating instructions
铭牌 name／product plate
交货说明请求 request for delivery instructions 订舱申请 booking request
装运说明 shipping instructions
托运人说明书( 空运 ) shipper's letter of instructions(air) 短途货运单 cartage order(local transport)
待运通知 ready for despatch advice
发运单 despatch order
发运通知 despatch advice
单证分发通知 advice of distrbution of document． 商业#5@p commercial invoice
贷记单 credit note
佣金单 commission note
借记单 debit note
更正#5@p corrected invoice
合并#5@p consolidated invoice
预付#5@p prepayment invoice
租用#5@p hire invoice
税务#5@p tax invoice
自用#5@p self-billed invoice
保兑#5@p delcredere invoice
代理#5@p factored invoice
租赁#5@p lease invoice
寄售#5@p consignment invoice
代理贷记单 factored credit note
银行转帐指示 instructions for bank transfer
银行汇票申请书 application for banker's draft
托收支付通知书 collection payment advice
跟单信用证支付通知书 document．ry credit payment advice 跟单信用证承兑通知书 document．ry credit acceptance advice 跟单信用证议付通知书 document．ry credit negotiation advice 银行担保申请书 application for banker's guarantee
银行担保 banker's guarantee
跟单信用证赔偿单 document．ry credit letter of indemnity 信用证预先通知书 preadvice of a credit
托收单 collection order
单证提交单 document． presentation form
付款单 payment order
扩展付款单 extended payment order
多重付款单 multiple payment order
贷记通知书 credit advice
扩展贷记通知书 extended credit advice
借记通知书 debit advice
借记撤消 reversal of debit
贷记撤消 reversal of credit
跟单信用证申请书 document．ry credit application
跟单信用证 document．ry credit
跟单信用证通知书 document．ry credit notification
跟单信用证转让通知 document．ry credit transfer advice
跟单信用证更改通知书 document．ry credit amendment notification 跟单信用证更改单 document．ry credit amendment
汇款通知 remittance advice
银行汇票 banker's draft
汇票 bill of exchange
本票 promissory note
帐户财务报表 financial statement of account
帐户报表报文 statement of account message
保险赁证 insurance certificate
保险单 insurance policy
保险申报单(明细表) insurance declaration sheet (bordereau)
保险人#5@p insurer's invoice
承保单 cover note
货运说明 forwarding instructions
货运代理给进口代理的通知 forwarder's advice to import agent
货运代理给出口商的通知 forwarder's advice to exporter
货运代理#5@p forwarder's invoice
货运代理收据证明 forwarder's certificate of receipt
托运单 shipping note
货运代理人仓库收据 forwarder's warehouse receipt
货物收据 goods receipt
港口费用单 port charges document．
入库单 warehouse warrant
提货单 delivery order
装卸单 handling order
通行证 gate pass
运单 waybill
通用(多用)运输单证 universal (multipurpose) transport document．
承运人货物收据 goods receipt, carriage
全程运单 house waybill
主提单 master bill of lading
提单 bill of lading
正本提单 bill of lading original
副本提单 bill of lading copy
空集装箱 提单 empty container bill
油轮提单 tanker bill of lading
海运单 sea waybill
内河提单 inland waterway bill of lading
不可转让的海运单证(通用) non-negotiable maritime transport document．nbsp(generic) 大副据 mate's receipt
全程提单 house bill of lading
无提单提货保函 letter of indemnity for non-surrender of bill of lading
货运代理人提单 forwarder's bill of lading
铁路托运单(通用 条款 ) rail consignment note (generic term)
陆运单 road list-SMGS
押运正式确认 escort official recognition
分段计费单证 recharging document．
公路托运单 road cosignment note
空运 单 air waybill
主空运单 master air waybill
分空运单 substitute air waybill
国人员物品申报 crew's effects declaration
乘客名单 passenger list
铁路运输 交货通知 delivery notice(rail transport)
邮递包裹投递单 despatch note (post parcels)
多式联运 单证(通用) multimodal／combined transport document．nbsp(generic) 直达提单 through bill of lading
货运代理人运输证书 forwarder's certificate of transport
联运单证(通用) combined transport document．nbsp(generic)
多式联运 单证(通用) multimodal transport document．nbsp(generic)
多式联运提单 combined transport bill of lading／multimoda bill of lading 订舱确认 booking confirmation
要求交货通知 calling foward notice
运费#5@p freight invoice
货物到达通知 arrival notice(goods)
无法交货的通知 notice of circumstances preventing delvery (goods)
无法运货通知 notice of circumstances preventing transport (goods)
交货通知 delivery notice (goods)
载货清单 cargo manifest
载货运费清单 freight manifest
公路运输货物清单 bordereau
集装箱载货清单 container manifes (unit packing list)
铁路费用单 charges note
托收通知 advice of collection
船舶安全证书 safety of ship certificate
无线电台安全证书 safety of radio certificate
设备安全证书 safety of equipment certificate
油污民事责任书 civil liability for oil certificate
载重线证书 loadline document．免于除鼠证书 derat document．
航海健康证书 maritime declaration of health
船舶 登记证书 certificate of registry
船用物品申报单 ship's stores declaration
出口许可证 申请表 export licence, application
出口许可证 export licence
出口结汇核销单 exchange control declaration, exprot
T出口单证( 海关 转运 报关单 )(欧共体用) despatch note moder T
T1出口单证(内部转运 报关单 )(欧共体用) despatch note model T1
T2出口单证(原产地证明书) despatch note model T2
T5管理单证(退运单证)(欧共体用) control document．nbspT5
铁路运输 退运单 re-sending consigment note
T2L出口单证(原产地证明书)(欧共体用) despatch note model T2L
出口货物报关单 goods declaration for exportation
离港货物报关单 cargo declaration(departure)
货物监管证书申请表 application for goods control certificate
货物监管证书申请表 goods control certificate
植物检疫申请表 application for phytosanitary certificate
植物检疫证书 phytosanilary certificate
卫生检疫证书 sanitary certificate
动物检疫证书 veterinary certifieate
商品检验申请表 application for inspection certificate
商品检验证书 inspection certificate
原产地证书申请表 certificate of origin, application for
原产地证书 certificate of origin
原产地申明 declaration of origin
地区名称证书 regional appellation certificate
优惠原产地证书 preference certificate of origin
普惠制原产地证书 certificate of origin form GSP
领事#5@p cosular invoice
危险货物申报单 dangerous goods declaration
出口统计报表 statistical doucument, export
国际贸易统计申报单 intrastat declaration
交货核对证明 delivery verification certificate
进口许可证申请表 import licence, application for
进口许可证 import licence
无商业细节的报关单 customs declaration without commercial detail
有商业和项目细节的报关单 customs declaration with commercial and item detail 无项目细节的报关单 customs declaration without item detail
有关单证 related document． 海关 收据 receipt (Customs)
调汇申请 application for exchange allocation
调汇许可 foreign exchange permit
进口外汇管理申报 exchange control declaration (import)
进口货物报关单 goods declaration for implortation
内销货物报关单 goods declaration for home use
海关即刻放行报关单 customs immediate release declaration
海关放行通知 customs delivery note
到港货物报关单 cargo declaration (arrival)
货物价值申报清单 value declaration
海关#5@p customs invoice
邮包报关单 customs deciaration (post parcels)
增值税申报单 tax declaration (value added tax)
普通税申报单 tax declaration (general)
催税单 tax demand
禁运货物许可证 embargo permit
海关转运货物报关单 goods declaration for customs transit
TIF国际铁路运输报关单 TIF form
TIR国际公路运输报关单 TIR carnet
欧共体海关转运报关单 EC carnet
EUR1欧共体原产地证书 EUR 1 certificate of origin
暂准进口海关文件 ATA carnt
欧共体统一单证 single administrative document．
海关一般回复 general response (Customs)
海关公文回复 document．nbspresponse (Customs)
海关误差回复 error response (Customs)
海关一揽子回复 packae response (Customs)
海关计税 / 确认回复 tax calculation / confirmation response (Customs)
配额预分配证书 quota prior allocation certificate
最终使用授权书 end use authorization
政府合同 government contract
进口统计报表 statistical document． import
跟单信用证开证申请书 application for document．ry credit
3. 专业外贸术语的英文表达
在外贸业务中，从报价到支付条件，再到催开信用证 ，再到后来的单据结汇，涉及到很多专业术语 。
3.1. 支付条件（Terms of payment)
（1）Our usual way of payment is by confirmed and irrevocable letter of credit available by draft at sight for the full amount of the contracted goods to be established in our favour through a bank acceptable to the sellers.
我们的一般付款方式是保兑的、不可撤销的、以我公司为受益人的、足额 信用证 ，见票即付。信用证应通过为卖方认可的银行开出。
（2）For payment,we require 100% value,confirmed and irrevocable letter of credit with partial shipment and transhipment allowed clause,available by draft at sight,payable against surrendering the full set of shipping documents to the negotiating bank here.
我们要求用100%金额的、保兑的、不可撤销的信用证，并 规定 允许转船和分批装运，凭 汇票 向议付行交单即期付款。
（3）The letter of credit should be established with its clauses in confirmation with the terms and conditions of the contract. 信用证所开 条款 ，必须与合约 条款 相符。
（4）We usually accept payment by L/C at sight draft or by T/T in advance,but never by C.O.D.
通常我们接受即期信用证付款或电汇。我们从不接受货到付款的 办法 。
3.2. 催开信用证(Pressing for L/C)
（1）As the goods against your order No.111 have been ready for shipment for quite some time,it is imperative that you take immediate action to have the covering credit established as soon as possible.
由于贵方定单第111号之货已备待运有相当长时间了，贵方必须立即行动尽快开出信用证。
（2）We repeatedly requested you by faxes to expedite the opening of the relative letter of credit so that we might effect shipment for the above mentioned order,but after the lapse of 3 months,we have not yet received the covering L/C.
我们已经多次传真要求贵方从速开来有关信用证，以使我们装运上述定单之货。但是三个月过去了，仍未收到有关信用证。
（3）We hope that you will take commercial reputation into account in all seriousness and open L/C at once,otherwise you will be responsible for all the losses arising therefrom.
希望贵方认真考虑商业信誉，立即开证，否则，由此产生的一切损失均由贵方负责。
（4）The shipment time for your order is approaching,but we have not yet received the covering L/C.Pls do your utmost to expedite the same to reach here before the end of this month so that shipment may be effected without dealy.
贵方定单的装船期已经临近，但我们尚未收入到有关信用证，请尽最大努力从速将信用证在本月底开到，以便及时装运。
3.3 .修改信用证 (Amendment to L/C)
（1）Pls amend the foregoing L/C to read piece length in 30 yards instead of 40 yards.
请把上述信用证条款中匹长40码改为30码。
（2）We would draw your attention to the fact that the construction of our Art.No.3100S is 32X32 78X65 whereas your credit calls for 30X30 78X65.Therefor,you are requested to amend the credit according to the stipulationof the contract. 我们提请贵方注意，我方坯布的规格为32X32 78X65，而贵方信用证却 规定 30X30 78X65，故请按照合约规定修改信用证。
（3）Pls extend the shipment date and the validity of your L/C No.111 to the end of Jan. and Feb.15,2006 respectively,and see to it that the amendment adivce will reach us before the end of Dec.2005.
请将信用证111号的装运船和议付期分别展延至20xx年1月底及2月15日，并请注意把修改书于20xx年12月底前寄达我们这里。
（4）We have received your L/C No.111 covering the above -mentioned contract.But on checking up its clauses,we find that it calls for shipment to be effected not latter than Nov.10,2005,whereas the contract stipulates shipment Dec.2005.Pls extend the shipment date to the Dec.15th 2005 and validity to the 31st of Dec.
上述合约项下的信用证111号已收到。但是经过核对条款，发现该证规定装期不迟于20xx年11月，而合约规定装期为20xx年12月份，为此请把该证装期展延至20xx年12月15日，议付期展延至12月31日。
4. 国际结算常用英语词汇
Promissory Note
本票
Check or Check
支票
Remittance
汇付
Mail Transfer，M/T
信汇
Telegraphic Transfer，T/T
电汇
Demand Draft，D/D
票汇
Payment in Advance
预付货款
Payment after Arrival of Goods
货到付款
Collection
托收
Principal
委托人
Remitting Bank
托收银行
Collecting Bank
代收银行
Presenting Bank
提示行
Documents against Payment，D/P
付款交单
Documents against Payment at sight，D/P sight
即期付款交单
Documents against Payment after sight，D/P after sight
远期付款交单
Documents against Acceptance，D/A
承兑交单
5. 外贸英语口语：打造金牌销售
1.Your T shirts can find a ready market in the eastern part of our country. 贵国的T恤在我国东部市场很畅销。
2.We all understand that Chinese shippers are very popular in your market on account of their superior quality and competitive price. 我们都知道中国拖鞋因价廉物美而畅销于你方市场。
3.This product has been a best seller for nearly one year. 该货成为畅销货已经将近1年了。
4.There is a good market for these articles. 这些商品畅销。
5.There is a poor market for these articles. 这些商品滞销。
6.There is no market for these articles. 这些商品无销路。
7.Your bicycles find a ready market here. 你们的自行车在此地销路很好。
8.They talked over at great length the matter of how to increase the sale of your products. 他们详细地讨论了怎样增加你方产品的销售。
9.Please furnish us with more information from time to time so that we may find outlets for our stationery. 由于对此货物的需求将不断增加，请提前补充货源。
10.They are doing their utmost to open up an outlet. 他们正在尽最大努力以打开销路。
11.Our demand for this product is steadily on the increase. 我们对该产品的需求正在稳步地增长。
12.We are sure that you can sell more this year according to the marketing conditions at your end. 根据你地的市场情况，我们确信今年你们有望销得更好。 13.Packing has a close bearing on sales. 包装对产品的销路有很大关系。
14.We are trying to find a market for this article. 我们正在努力为此项商品找销路。
15.We regret we cannot find any market for this article. 我们很抱歉不能为此项商品找到销路。
16.According to our experience, these handicrafts can find a ready market in Japan. 根据我们的经验，这些手工艺品在日本销路很好。
17.We can discuss further details when you have a thorough knowledge of the marketing possibilities of our products. 等你们全面了解我们产品销售可能性之后，我们再进一步细谈。
18.According to your estimate, what is the maximum annual turnover you couldfulfill? 据你估计，你能完成的最大年销售量是多少呢?
19.The market situation is not known to us. 我们还不了解市场情况。
20.Your market still has great potential. 你们的市场仍有很大潜力。
21.There are only a few unsold pieces. 只有几件商品未售出。
Words and Phrases
salable 畅销的
popular 有销路的
find a market 销售
selling line 销路
trial sale, test sale, test market 试销
salable goods 畅销货
popular goods 快货
the best selling line (the best seller) 热门货
to find (have) a ready market 有销路，畅销
to have a strong footing in amarket 很有销路
good market 畅销
poor(no) market 滞销
goods that sell well 畅销货
sell like wild fire 畅销，销得很快
6. 外贸常用语——商品检验
Shall we take up the question of inspection today？
今天咱们讨论商品检验问题吧。
The inspection of commodity is no easy job.
商检工作不是那么简单。
Mr. Black is talking with the Chinese importer about inspecting the goods.
布莱克先生与中方进口商就商品检验问题进行洽谈。
As an integral part of the contract, the inspection of goods has its special importance. 作为合同里的一个组成部分，商品检验具有特殊的重要性。
We should inspect this batch of porcelainware to see if there is any breakage.
我们要检查一下这批瓷器是否有破损的。
The exporters have the right to inspect the export goods before delivery to the shipping line. 出口商在向船运公司托运前有权检验商品。
The inspection should be completed within a month after the arrival of the goods.
商品检验工作在到货后一个月内完成。
How should we define the inspection rights？
商检的权力怎样加以明确呢？
I'm worried that there might be some disputes over the results of inspection.
我担心对商检的结果会发生争议。
We'll accept the goods only if the results from the two inspections are identical with each other. 如果双方的检测结果一致，我们就收货。
Words and Phrases
inspection 检验
inspect 检验
to inspect A for B 检查A中是否有B
inspector 检验员
inspector of tax 税务稽查员
inspection of commodity 商品检验
Where do you wish to reinspect the goods？
您希望在哪里复验商品？
The importers have the right to reinspect the goods after their arrival.
进口商在货到后有权复验商品。
What's the time limit for the reinspection？
复验的时限是什么时候？
It's very complicated to have the goods reinspected and tested.
这批货测试和复验起来比较复杂。
What if the results from the inspection and the reinspection do not coincide with each other？
如果检验和复验的结果有出入该怎么办呢？
Words and Phrases
reinspect 复验
reinspection 复验
Who issues the inspection certificate in case the quality do not confirm to the contract？
如果货物的质量与合同不符，由谁出具检验证明书呢？
The certificate will be issued by China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau or by any of its branches. 检验证明书将由中国进出口商品检验局或其分支机构出具。
The Inspection Certificate will be signed by the commissioner of your bureau.
检验证明书将由商检局局长签字。
Our certificates are made valid by means of the official seal and personal chop of the commissioner.
我们的证明书以盖公章和局长签字为有效。
As a rule, our certificate is made out in Chinese and English.
通常证明书是用中文和英文开具的。
You may have another certificate showing the goods to be free from radioactive contamination.
你们还要出具另一份证明书，以证明货物没有受放射线污染。
Our goods must be up to export standards before the Inspection Bureau releases them.
我们的货物只有在符合出口标准后，商检局才予以放行。
Our Inspection Bureau will issue a Veterinary Inspection Certificate to show that the shipment is in conformity with export standards.
商检局将出具动物检疫证明书以证明货物符合出口标准。
Is it convenient for you to engage a surveyor？
你们联系公证方便吗？
We have the best surveyor, China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau.
我们有最好的公证行，即中国进出口商品检验局。
Words and Phrases
Inspection Certificate 检验证明
Inspection Certificate of Quality 质量检验证书
Inspection Certificate of Quantity 数量检验证书
surveyor 检验行，公证行
Additional Words and Phrases
Inspection Certificate of Weight 重量检验证书
Inspection Certificate of Origin 产地检验证书
Inspection Certificate of Value 价值检验证书
Inspection Certificate of Health 健康检验证书
Sanitary Inspection Certificate 卫生检验证书
Veterinary Inspection Certificate 兽医检验证书
inspection of packing？包装检验
inspection of loading 监装检验
inspection of material 材料检验
inspection of risk 被保险物价的检查
inspection of storage 监装
inspection of voucher 凭证检验
inception of carriage 货车检查
inspection of document 单证检查
inspection of fixed asset 固定资产检查
inspection of incoming merchandise 到货验收
Inspection Certificate on Damaged cargo 验残检验证书
Inspection Certificate on Tank 验船证书
Certificate of Measurement & Weight 货载衡量证书
Authentic Surveyor 公证签定人
inspection on cleanliness 清洁检验
inspection on cleanliness of dry cargo hold 干货舱清洁检验
inspection on cleanliness of tank 油舱清洁检验
inspection and acceptance 验收
inspection before delivery 交货前检验
inspection after construction 施工后检验
inspection during construction 在建工程检验
inspection between process 工序间检验
inspection report 检验报告
inspection tag 检查标签
Inspectorate General of Customs 海关稽查总局
inspection and certificate fee 检验签证费
to issue（a certificate） 发……（证明）
Sworn Measurer 宣誓衡量人
Underwriters Laboratory 保险商实验室
Loyd's Surveyor 英国劳氏公证行
General Superintendence & Co, Geneva （S.G.S） 瑞士日内瓦通用签定后司
7. 不可不知的国际贸易英语
国际贸易的价格表示方法，除了具体金额外，还要包括贸易术语，交货地点及所使用的货币。
如：USD150 FOB Hongkong, STG2000 CIF Liverpool，其中USD指的是以美金作价，而STG为英镑；Hongkong香港和Liverpool利物浦为交货地点；FOB与CIF 则为两个较为常用的贸易术语。
以下是国际商会出版的《20xx年国际贸易术语解释通则》中规定的全部贸易术语的分类。
第一组：E组（卖方在其所在地点把货物交给买方）
Ex Works (named place) 工厂交货（指定地点）
第二组：F组（卖方须将货物交至买方指定的承运人）
FCA: Free Carrier (named place) 货交承运人（指定地点）
FAS: Free Alongside Ship (named port of shipment)
船边交货（指定装运港）
FOB: Free On Board (named port of shipment)
船上交货（指定装运港）
第三组：C组（卖方必须签定运输合同，但对货物灭失或损坏的风险以及装船和启运后发生事件所产生的额外费用不承担责任） CFR: Cost & Freight (named port of destination)
成本加运费（指定目的港）
CIF: Cost, Insurance and Freight (named port of destination) 成本，保险加运费（指定目的港）
CPT: Carriage Paid To (named place of destination)
运费付至（指定目的地）
CIP: Carriage and Insurance Paid To
(named place of estination)
运费保险费付至（指定目的地）
第四组：D组（卖方必须承担把货物交至目的地国家所需的全部费用和风险） DAF: Delivered at Frontier (named place) 边境交货（指定地点） DES: Delivered ex Ship (named port of destination)
船上交货（指定目的港）
DEQ: Delivered ex Quay (named place of destination)
码头交货（指定目的地）
DDU: Delivered Duty Unpaid (named place of destination) 未完税交货（指定目的地）
DDP: Delivered Duty Paid (named place of destination)
完税后交货（指定目的地）
8. 企业外贸业务用语大全
一：基本短语 Time to volume 及时大量生产
Time to money 及时大量交货
FOUR CONTROL YSTEM 四大管制系统
Engineering control system 工程管制系统
Quality control system质量管理系统
Manufacturing control system生产管制系统
Management control system经营管制系统
Classification整理(sorting, organization)-seiri
Regulation整顿(arrangement, tidiness)-seiton
Cleanliness清扫(sweeping, purity)-seiso
Conservation清洁(cleaning, cleanliness)-seiktsu
Culture教养(discipline)-shitsuke
Save 节约
Safety安全
二：英文缩写
质量人员名称类
QC quality control 品质管理人员
FQC final quality control 终点质量管理人员
IPQC in process quality control 制程中的质量管理人员
OQC output quality control 最终出货质量管理人员
IQC incoming quality control 进料质量管理人员
TQC total quality control 全面质量管理
POC passage quality control 段检人员
QA quality assurance 质量保证人员
OQA output quality assurance 出货质量保证人员
QE quality engineering 质量工程人员
质量保证类
FAI first article inspection 新品首件检查
FAA first article assurance 首件确认
CP capability index 能力指数
CPK capability process index 模具制程能力参数
SSQA standardized supplier quality audit 合格供货商质量评估
FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析
FQC运作类
AQL Acceptable Quality Level 运作类允收质量水平
S/S Sample size 抽样检验样本大小
ACC Accept 允收
REE Reject 拒收
CR Critical 极严重的
MAJ Major 主要的
MIN Minor 轻微的
Q/R/S Quality/Reliability/Service 质量/可靠度/服务
P/N Part Number 料号
L/N Lot Number 批号
AOD Accept On Deviation 特采
UAI Use As It 特采
FPIR First Piece Inspection Report 首件检查报告
PPM Percent Per Million 百万分之一
制程统计品管专类
SPC Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制
SQC Statistical Quality Control 统计质量管理
GRR Gauge Reproductiveness & Repeatability 量具之再制性及重测性判断量可靠与否 DIM Dimension 尺寸
DIA Diameter 直径
N Number 样品数
三：其它质量术语类
QIT Quality Improvement Team 质量改善小组
ZD Zero Defect 零缺点
QI Quality Improvement 质量改善
QP Quality Policy 目标方针
TQM Total Quality Management 全面质量管理
RMA Return Material Audit 退料认可
7QCTools 7 Quality Control Tools 品管七大手法
通用之件类
ECN Engineering Change Notice 工程变更通知(供货商)
ECO Engineering Change Order 工程改动要求(客户)
PCN Process Change Notice 工序改动通知
PMP Product Management Plan 生产管制计划
SIP Standard Inspection Procedure 制程检验标准程序
SOP Standard Operation Procedure 制造作业规范
IS Inspection Specification 成品检验规范
BOM Bill Of Material 物料清单
PS Package Specification 包装规范
SPEC Specification 规格
DWG Drawing 图面
系统文件类
ES Engineering Standard 工程标准
CGOO China General PCE龙华厂文件
IWS International Workman Standard 工艺标准
ISO International Standard Organization 国际标准化组织
GS General Specification 一般规格
部门类
PMC Production & Material Control 生产和物料控制
PCC Product control center 生产管制中心
PPC Production Plan Control 生产计划控制
MC Material Control 物料控制
DC Document Center 资料中心
QE Quality Engineering 质量工程(部)
QA Quality Assurance 质量保证(处)
QC Quality Control 质量管理(课)
PD Product Department 生产部
LAB Laboratory 实验室
IE Industrial Engineering 工业工程
R&D Research & Design 设计开发部
9. 采购员必须掌握的英语词汇
. R&D (research&design) 研发
2. APS (automated purchasing system) 自动采购系统
3. CAD (computer automated design) 计算机辅助设计
4. EDI (electronic data interchange) 电子数据交换系统
5. ERP (enterprise resource planning) 企业资源计划
6. ANX (automotive network exchange) 自动网络交换
7. CPO (chief procurement officers) 采购总监
8. CPE (collaborative planning and execution) 合作计划和执行
9. TCA (total cost of acquisition) 总获取成本
10. CPFR (collaborative,planning,forecasting,replenishment) 合作，计划，预测，补充
11. SCM (supply chain management) 供应链管理
12. VMI (vendor managed inventory) 卖方管理库存
13. VMR (vendor managed replenishment) 卖方管理补货
14. SCOR (supply chain operations reference) 供应链管理指南
15. LEW (least ex works) 最小离岸价
16. MOM (markup over coat model) 成本变动
17. 3PL (third party logistics) 第三方后勤服务
18. MRP (material requirements planning) 物料需求计划
19. CIO (computer information officers) 信息主管
20. PDCA (plan-do-check action cycle) 计划-实施-检查循环
10. 疯狂商务英语30句
1 I want a package deal including airfare and hotel. 我需要一个成套服务，包括机票和住宿
2 I’d like to change this ticket to the first class. 我想把这张票换成头等车。
3 I’d like to reserve a sleeper to Chicago. 我要预订去芝加哥的卧铺。
4 I won’t check this baggage 这件行李我不托运。
5 I’d like to sit in the front of the plane.
6 I missed my train.
7 I haven’t nothing to declare. 我没申报的东西。
8 it’s all personal effects. 这些东西都是私人用品。
9 I’ll pick up ticket at the airport counter. 我会在机场柜台拿机票。
10 I’d like two seats on today’s northwest flight 7 to Detroit, please. 我想订两张今天西北航空7班次到底特律的机票。 11 we waited for john in the lobby of the airport. 我们在机场的大厅里等约翰。
12 I’d like to buy an excursion pass instead. 我要买一张优待票代替。
13 I’d like a refund on this ticket. 我要退这张票。
14 I’d like to have a seat by the window. 我要一个靠窗的座位。
15 you have to change at Chicago station. 你必须要在芝加哥站转车。
16 we have only one a day for New York. 到纽约的一天只有一班。
17 sorry, they are already full. 抱歉，全部满了。
18 I’d like to reserve a seat to New York. 我要预订一个座位去纽约。
19 the flight number is ak708 on September 5th.
20 there’s a ten thirty flight in the morning. 早上10点半有班机。
21 I’m looking for my baggage。 我正找我的行李。
22 I’d like to make a reservation. 我想预订。
23 the sooner, the better. 越快越好。
24 I’d like to change my reservation. 我想变更一下我的预订。
25 I’d like to reconfirm my flight from London to Tokyo. 我要再确认一下我从伦敦到东京的班机。
26 my reservation number is 2991.
27 I made a reservation in Tokyo. 我在东京预订的。
28 I made reservations yesterday. 我昨天预订的。
29 I want to reserve a seat from Los Angeles to Tokyo. 我要预订一张从洛杉矶到东京的机票。
30 I always have a big wash to do on Saturdays. 我星期六总是有一大堆的衣物要洗
11. 6种英文邀请信范文
邀请信包括宴会、舞会、晚餐、聚会、婚礼等各种邀请信件，形式上大体分为两种:一种为正规的格式 (formal correspondence)，亦称请柬；一种是非正式格式 (informal correspondence), 即一般的邀请信。邀请信是在形式上不如请柬那样正规，但也是很考究。书写时应注意:
邀请信一定要将邀请的时间（年、月、日、钟点）、地点、场合写清楚，不能使接信人存在任何疑虑。例如:“I’d like you and Bob to come to Luncheon next Friday.”这句话中所指的是哪个星期五并不明确，所以应加上具体日期, “I’d like you and Bob to come to luncheon next Friday, May the fifth.”
1. 邀请朋友共进午餐 Inviting a friend to informal luncheon
Dear [Zhang Ying]:
Will you come to luncheon on [Friday, May the fifth], at [twelve o’clock]?
My niece [Mary] is visiting us and I think you will enjoy meeting her. She is a charming, very pretty girl … and very good company! [John and Jane] will be here, and perhaps we can [give a dance] after luncheon. Do say you’ll come! Affectionately yours,
Li Ming
亲爱的[张营]:
您能在[5月5日星期五中午12点钟] 来吃午饭吗？
我侄女[玛丽]正在我们家中作客，我想您会乐于见到她的。她是个漂亮而聪明的女孩子，……同她在一起是很使人高兴的！[约翰和简]也到这里来，也许在饭后我们能[开个舞会]，说好，一定得来呀！
2. 邀请朋友同他们不认识的人一起共进晚餐 Inviting friends to supper with the strangers
Dear [Susan]:
I know you are interested in [oil painting], so I’m sure you’ll be interested in [Mr. and Mrs. Lin dun]! They are coming here to supper [next Sunday night, October the twelfth], and we’d like you and [Walter] to come, too.
[Mr. and Mrs. Lin Dun] are that very charming couple we met in [London] last summer. They have a wonderful
collection of [oil paintings of various stages]; and I understand that Mr. Lin Dun is quite an authority on [oil painting]. I’m sure you and Walter will thoroughly enjoy and evening in their company.
We’re planning supper at six; that will give us a nice long evening to talk. If I don’t hear from you before then, I’ll be expecting you on the [twelfth]!
Affectionately yours,
Li Ming
亲爱的[苏珊]:
我知道您对[油画]是有兴趣的，所以我相信您对林顿夫妇也会感兴趣。他们将在[10月12日（下星期日）]来吃饭，我们很希望您和瓦尔特也能同来。
[林顿夫妇]是那么好的一对夫妻。我们是去年夏天在[伦敦]认识的。他们集有[各个不同时期精美的油画作品]。我知道，林顿先生在研究[油画]方面是颇有权威的。我深信，那天晚上您和瓦尔特同他们在一起，一定会很愉快。
我们准备在6点钟吃晚饭，这样就能有较长的时间闲谈。如果事前接不到您的回信，我就指望你们那天到来。
3. 邀请参加新厂开工典礼 Invitation to opening ceremony of new factory
Dear [Mr. Harrison]:
Our new factory will be commencing production on [April 10] and we should like to invite [you and your wife] to be present at a celebration to mark the occasion.
As you will appreciate this is an important milestone for this organization, and is the result of continued demand for our products, both at home and overseas. We are inviting all those individuals and trust that you will pay us the compliments of accepting.
Please confirm that you will be able to attend by advising us of your time —— we can arrange for you to be met. All arrangements for your stay [overnight on April 10] will, of course, be made by us at our expense.
Yours faithfully,
亲爱的[哈里森先生]:
本公司新厂将于[4月10日]开始投产，希望能邀请[贤伉俪]来参加新厂开工典礼。
如您所知，新厂的设立是本公司的一个里程碑，而这正是海内外对本公司产品不断需求的结果。我们邀请了所有对本公司的成功贡献一切力量的个人，我们相信，您一定会赏光。
如您确能参加，请来函告知您抵达的时间 —— 以便我们为您安排会晤。当然，所有安排您在[10日晚间]夜宿的费用，皆将由公司代您支付。
4. 邀请来家中小住及周末聚会 An invitation for a house and weekend party
Dear [Jane]:
I hope [you and Fred] haven’t any plan for the weekend of [July twenty-fourth] as we’d like you to spend it with us at [Far Acres]. It’s simply beautiful here now, with everything in bloom!
I think we can promise [Fred] some good fishing this year. The fish are biting better than ever! So bring your fishing clothes; and be sure to bring your tennis things, too, because [the Owens] are coming and I’m sure you’ll want to get out on the courts with them.
There’s a very good train [Friday night]; I’ve marked it in red on the timetable. It gets you here about [seven-thirty] which is just in time for dinner. You can get a late train back [Sunday night], or there’s an early express that [Bob] usually takes on [Monday morning].
We hope nothing will prevent you from coming, as we’re looking forward to your visit … and I know [the Owens] are looking forward to seeing you again, too. Be sure to let us know what train you are taking so that [Bob] can meet you at the station.
Affectionately yours,
亲爱的[简]:
如果您[7月24日]没有什么活动安排，我希望[您和弗雷德]能同我们一起在[远庄园]共度周末，那里已经鲜花遍地，现正在最美丽的时节。
我想，今年我们能让[弗雷德]钓鱼钓得更快活。鱼儿比过去任何时候都爱上钓鱼。请把钓鱼的服装带来，也别忘记带上打网球的用具，因为我们还邀约了[欧文]夫妇，我想，你们是乐意同他们打网球的。
[星期五晚上]有一班舒适的火车，我已经在火车时刻表上做了红色记号，火车大约在[7点半钟]把你们送到这里，正是吃晚饭时间。[星期日晚上]你们可以乘晚车回来。或者，在[星期一早晨]也有一班快车，就是[鲍勃]常坐的那一班车。
我们希望没有什么事情会阻碍你们，我们在等待着你们光临……我知道[欧文夫妇]好盼望再次见到你们。准备乘哪一班火车，请一定告诉我们，好让[鲍勃]到车站迎接你们。
5. 邀请参加招待会 An invitation for a reception
Dear [Mr. Smith]:
It would give [me/us] great pleasure to have your presence at a reception in honor of the Chinese delegation.
The reception will be held in the [the City Hall], on [Tuesday, October the fourth]. Cocktails will be served promptly at [six] to be followed b dinner at [eight].
[I/We] sincerely hope you can attend. Let [me/us] know.
Sincerely yours
亲爱的[史密斯先生]:
如您能够出席为[中国代表团]而举行的招待会，[我（们）]将感到十分荣幸。
招待会定于[10月4日（星期二）]在[市政厅]举行。[6点钟]准时举行[鸡犬不宁尾酒会]， 随之在[8点钟]举行[正式的晚宴]。
[我（们）]期待着您的光临。请提前通知您能否出席。
6. 邀请演讲 Inviting someone to address a meeting
Dear [Dr. Rodger]:
[The English Department of Nankai University] would like to extend to you an invitation to be our guest speaker at the [annual conference] to be held at the [meeting room] at [eight] o’clock, [Saturday morning, December the thirtieth, 1993].
As you know, the department is interested in [the 20th century English literature] Since you are familiar with the field, we know your views will be extremely interesting to us.
You will receive further details later, but we would appreciate having your acceptance soon so we may complete our agenda.
Cordially,
亲爱的[罗杰博士]:
[南开大学外文系]特邀请您出席[19xx年12月30日（星期六）早八点在（系会议室）]召开的[学术年会]并作演讲。
正如您所了解的，[南大外文系]对[20世纪的英国文学颇感兴趣]。您对此领域很熟悉，您的见解定会给我们带来很大的兴趣。
我们将随后把有关细节通知您，但恳请您尽快予以答复，以便作出安排。
Ten Commandments of Cell Phone Etiquette
有关部门的调查说，全世界有6亿多人使用手机，我国也有近1.6亿人拥有手机，而且这一数字还在继续增加。虽然移动通信的技术发展了，可是我们也不能光顾流行，不顾了规矩吧？
There comes a time in any technological revolution when some basic guidelines need to be laid down. It
happened when e-mail exploded on the scene2, and people started to learn some basic dos and don'ts. No one teaches us these things in company training seminars; they're just learned on the job.
Well, I've reached the point with cell phones where I feel the need to lay down the law. There are some real
abuses of wireless technology being perpetrated all around us;3 and the time has come to create some social order out of the cell phone chaos.
Commandments usually come in tens, so think of this as the first Ten Commandments of Cell Phone Etiquette.
1. Thou shalt not subject defenseless onlookers to cell phone conversations.4 When people cannot escape the banality of your conversation-on a plane, on a train, on a bus, in a cab, or at the dinner table-spare them.5
2. Thou shalt not set thy ringer to play "La Cucaracha" every time thy phone rings.6 Or Beethoven's Fifth, or the Bee Gees, or any other annoying melody. Is it not enough that phones go off every other second?7
3. Thou shalt turn thy cell phone off during public performances. I'm not even sure this one needs saying, but given the repeated violations8 of this unwritten law, I felt compelled to include it.
4. Thou shalt not wear more than two wireless devices on thy belt. This hasn't become a big problem yet. But with pagers and phones, Batman-esque utility belts are sure to follow.9
5. Thou shalt not dial while driving. In all seriousness, this madness has to stop. There are enough people in the world who have problems mastering vehicles and phones individually.10
6. Thou shalt not wear thy earpiece11 in the presence of thy friends. You seem being on the phone and carrying on another conversation with someone who is physically in your presence. No one knows if you're here or there.
7. Thou shalt not speak louder on thy cell phone than usual-these things have incredibly sensitive microphones. If your signal cuts out, speaking louder won't help.
8. Thou shalt not grow too attached to thy cell phone. For obvious reasons, a dependency on constant communication is not healthy. At work, go nuts. At home, give it a rest.12
9. Thou shalt not attempt to impress with thy cell phone. Not only is a cell phone no longer impressive in any way, users can be immediately identified as a neophyte and a poseur.13
10. Thou shalt not slam14 thy cell phone down on a restaurant table just in case it rings. Could you please be a little less conspicuous? If it rings, you'll hear it just as well if it's in your coat pocket or on your belt. -
1. Ten Commandments：十条戒律，(基督教)十诫。本文的作者仿用"十诫"的语言阐述自己的观点。etiquette：礼节，礼仪。
2. on the scene：〈口〉到场，在场。这里是指，电子邮件为大家所接受并广泛使用。
3.在我们身边，现实生活中到处都有滥用无线电技术的行为发生。abuse：滥用，妄用；perpetrate：犯(罪行、错误等)，施行。
4.不要用讲手机的方法折磨那些毫无防备的旁听者。thou：〈古〉汝，尔，你；shalt：〈古〉= shall(只用于现在式第二人称单数)。
5. banality：陈词滥调，平庸；spare：不伤害，使免遭。
6. thy：〈古〉[thou的所有格]你的；ringer：发出铃声的东西，这里指手机的振铃声。"La Cucaracha"：墨西哥名曲《蟑螂歌》，这是一首美国人耳熟能详的搞笑歌曲。下文中还提到了贝多芬《第五交响曲》(Beethoven's Fifth)和比基斯乐队(Bee Gees)。贝多芬于1805年动笔创作《第五交响曲》，并将第一乐章的主题定义为"命运在敲门"，因此人们通常将之称为《命运》交响曲。比基斯乐队是20世纪70年代摇滚乐坛著名的迪士科乐队。
7.每隔一秒手机就响一次还不够烦吗？
8. violation：违反(行为)，违背(行为)。
9.要是传呼机和手机都带着的话，一个蝙蝠侠式样的皮带必不可少。-esque：[构成形容词]似……般的，……(样)式。
10.世上有那么多的人光掌握驾驶技术或手机其中的一样都成问题(更何况边开车边打电话了)。
11. earpiece：耳机。
12.工作的时候可以打爆你的手机，回家了就让它休息休息吧！go nuts:发疯，这里指非常频繁地使用手机通话。
13. (太炫的)手机绝不可能给人留下什么深刻印象，人们还会马上觉得手机的主人太幼稚或是装腔作势。neophyte：新手，生手；poseur：故作姿态的人，装腔作势的人。
14. slam：砰地放下。
12. 交际英语：美式待客之道
Hospitality 美式待客之道
An American friend has invited you to visit his family. You've never been to an American's home before, and you're not sure what to do. Should you take a gift? How should you dress? What time should you arrive? What should you do when you get there? Glad you asked.
When you're the guest, you should just make yourself at home. That's what hospitality is all about: making people feel at home when they're not.
一位美国朋友邀请你去他家。你以前从未去过美国人的家，你不确定该怎么做。该带一个礼物吗？该怎么穿？该几点到？到了那里该做什么？很高兴你发问。你若是客人，只要使自己感到自在就好了。待客之道就是这样：虽然不是在家里，却使客人有实至如归之感。
The question of whether or not to bring a gift often makes guests squirm. Giving your host a gift is not just a social nicety in some cultures-it's expected. But in American culture, a guest is not obligated to bring a present. Of course, some people do bring a small token of appreciation to their host. Appropriate gifts for general occasions might be flowers, candy or-if the family has small children-toys. If you choose not to bring a gift, don't worry. No one will even notice.
是否带礼物的问题常使客人不安。在某些文化中，送主人礼物不只是社交礼节——还是必要的。但是在美国文化中，客人并不一定要带礼物。当然，有些人的确会带个表示感谢的小礼物给他们的主人。在一般情况下，带花或是糖果，如果这家人有小孩，玩具应当是恰当的礼物。如果你选择不带礼物，别担心，甚至没有人会注意到的。
American hospitality begins at home-especially when it involves food. Most Americans agree that good home cooking beats restaurant food any day. When invited for a meal, you might ask, "Can I bring anything?" Unless it's a
potluck, where everyone brings a dish, the host will probably respond, "No, just yourself." For most informal dinners, you should wear comfortable, casual clothes. Plan to arrive on time, or else call to inform your hosts of the delay. During the dinner conversation, it's customary to compliment the hostess on the wonderful meal. Of course, the biggest compliment is to eat lots of food!
美国人的待客之道从家里开始——尤其是和食物有关。大多数美国人都同意，无论如何，好的家常菜胜过餐馆的菜。受邀吃饭时，你或许可以问：「我可以带些什么吗？」除非是每人带一道菜的聚餐，否则主人很可能会回答：「不用，你来就可以了。」大多数非正式的聚餐，你应该穿舒适、轻便的衣服。设法准时到，否则打电话告诉主人你会晚点到。用餐时，习惯上，人们会称赞女主人烹调的美食。当然，最大的赞美是多吃！
When you've had plenty, you might offer to clear the table or wash the dishes. But since you're the guest, your hosts may not let you. Instead, they may invite everyone to move to the living room for dessert with tea or coffee. After an hour or so of general chit-chat, it's probably time to head for the door. You don't want to wear out your welcome. And above all, don't go snooping around the house. It's more polite to wait for the host to offer you a guided tour. But except for housewarmings, guests often don't get past the living room.
当你吃得差不多时，或许可以主动表示要帮忙清理桌子或洗碗盘，但你既是客人，你的主人可能不会让你这样做。他们或许会邀请大家到客厅吃点心、喝茶或咖啡。聊个大约一小时或许就该离去了，你可不希望变得不受欢迎吧。还有最重要的是不要在屋子里四处窥探，等主人邀请你参观才较有礼貌。可是除了乔迁喜宴之外，客人通常都只待在客厅里。
Americans usually like to have advance notice when people come to see them. Only very close friends drop by unannounced. This is especially true if the guests want to stay for a few days. Here's a good rule of thumb for house guests: Short stays are best. As one 19th century French writer put it, "The first day a man is a guest, the second a burden, the third a pest." Even relatives don't usually stay for several weeks at a time. While you're staying with an American family, try to keep your living area neat and tidy. Your host family will appreciate your consideration. And they may even invite you back!
美国人通常喜欢访客事先通知他们，只有非常亲密的朋友才可能不请自来，尤其在客人要待好几天时更是如此。最好不要久留——这是给访客的经验之谈。如同十九世纪一位法国作家所写的：「第一天是客人，第二天是负担，第三天就是讨厌鬼了。」即使是亲戚通常也不会一次待上几个星期。当你住在美国人家里时，设法使你住的地方保持整齐清洁。你的主人一家都会感谢你这么体贴，他们甚至会再邀请你！
Most Americans consider themselves hospitable people. Folks in the southern United States, in particular, take pride in entertaining guests. In fact, "southern hospitality" has become. But in all parts of America, people welcome their guests with open arms. So don't be surprised to find the welcome mat out for you. Just don't forget to wipe your feet.
大多数美国人都认为他们是好客之人。尤其是美国的南方人更以款待客人自豪，事实上，「南方的款待」是人们所津津乐道口口相传的。不过在美国各地，人们都展开双臂欢迎他们的客人，所以当你发现有WELCOME字样的鞋垫为你而时，别惊讶，只是别忘了把你的脚擦干净就是了。
13. “代理”英语必会这十三句话
很多外国企业都在中国选择代理商来为他们打开市场、销售货物。那么，要求做某家公司的代理该怎么"开口"呢？我们一起来看看吧！
1、I would like to discuss with you our agency of your electric fans.
我想同贵方商谈你们电风扇的代理问题。
2、I wonder whether your firm is represented in our country.
我不知道贵公司在我国是否有代理。
3、We would be glad if you would consider our application to act as agents for the sale of your product in our
country.
如果贵方能考虑我们的申请使我们成为贵公司产品在我国市场的销售代理的话，我们会很高兴的。
4、We are pleased to offer you an exclusive agency for the sale of our products in your country.
我们很乐意指定你们成为我方产品在贵国的独家代理。
5、We are pleased that you are prepared to appoint us as your sole agent for your products.
对贵方有意指定我们成为贵方产品的独家代理，我们感到很高兴。
6、We're favorably impressed by your proposal for sole distribution.
对贵方建议由我方担任独家经销商一事，我们颇感兴趣。
7、 Thank you for offering us the sales contract for your products and we appreciate the confidence you have placed in us.
谢谢贵方提出让我们代理你们的产品，我们很感激你们对我们所表示的信心。
8、 If you give us the agency, we will spare no effort to further your interests.
如果贵方给予我们代理权，我们将不遗余力为贵方争取利益。
9、As your agents, we'll make greater efforts to push the sale of your products.
作为你们的代理，我们将会更加努力地推销你方产品。
10、We will increase our turnover if you appoint us as your sole agent.
如果你方指定我们作为独家代理，我们将增加我们的销售量。
11、 We'd like to sign a sole agency agreement with you on your electric fans for a period of three years. 我们想同你方签订一项为期三年专营电扇的独家代理协议。
12、I think you know already that I want to discuss the representation of your alarm clocks.
想必你已知道，我想和你方商谈闹钟的代理事宜。
13、We usually get a 10% commission of the amount on every deal.
通常我们取得的佣金是每笔成交额的10%。
14. 钱在英语中的二十六种使用方法
1.bad money 无利可图的钱
2.bank money 银行票据
3.blood money 抚恤金
4.boot money 企业赞助体育的钱
5.call money 活期存款
6.cheap money 低息借款
7.dear money 高息借款
8.dark money 加班费
9.earnest money 定金
10.fairy money 捡的钱
11.folding money 纸币
12.front money 预会金
13.glove money 贿赂
14.good money 有利可图的钱
15.hard money 价格比较稳定的钱（例如人民币，在亚洲经济中的作用）
16.hot money 短期流动资金
17.hush money 赌别人嘴的钱
18.pill money 零花钱（pocket money/pin money)
19.push money 提成
20.ready money 现金
21.seed money 本钱，本金
22.silly money 来路不明的钱
23.smart money 了解内情的人
24.table money 餐费
25.tall money 大笔的财富
26.trust money 委托金