一、提纲式作文
1.对立观点式
A.有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么?B.有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么?C.我的看法。
Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。
However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。
There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。
二、 批驳观点式
A.一个错误观点。 B. 我不同意。
Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。
There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。
三、社会问题(现象)式
A.一个社会问题或者现象。B. 产生的原因C.对社会和我们生活的影响D. 如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话) E. 前景的预测。
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况(或者是一个例子)。
There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。
X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated(表达)in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。
A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。
Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will …….. 四级作文形式有很多种，今天我们来看看图表式作文和辩论式作文的写作手法。所谓图表式作文，就是给你一个带数据的图表，让你据此分析写一篇文章，而辩论式作文就是给你几个观点，让你选择并加以剖析。
图表式作文
It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of (接近)X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).
What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因).
From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near
future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).
辩论式议论文
模版1
Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.
There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1.
More importantly, 论据2.
Most important of all, 论据3.
In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.
或From above, we can predict that 预测.
模版2
People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.
For one thing, 论据1.
For another, 论据2.
Last but not the least, 论据3.
To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或From above, we can predict that 预测.
模版3
There is no consensus 一致of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion(观念)is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious.
First of all, 论据1。
Furthermore, 论据2。
Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。
A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。
As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或From above, we can predict that 预测 常用句型：
1. 表示原因
1)There are three reasons for this.
2)The reasons for this are as follows.
3)The reason for this is obvious.
4)The reason for this is not far to seek.
5)The reason for this is that...
6)We have good reason to believe that...
例：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly, people’s living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly, most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least, more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.
注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this. 这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。
2.表示好处
1)It has the following advantages. 2)It does us a lot of good.
3)It benefits us quite a lot. 4)It is beneficial to us.
5)It is of great benefit to us.
例：Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us.
3.表示坏处
1)It has more disadvantages than advantages. 2)It does us much harm.
3)It is harmful to us.
例：However, everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.
1.表示事实、现状
1)We cannot ignore the fact that...
2)No one can deny the fact that...
3)There is no denying the fact that...
4)This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.
5)However, that’s not the case.
例：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution. To solve these problems，we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution. The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.
2.表示比较
1)Compared with A, B...
2)I prefer to read rather than watch TV.
3)There is a striking contrast between them.
例：Compared with cars, bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable. Firstly, they do not consume natural resources of petrol. Secondly, they do not cause the pollution problem. Last but not least, they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise.
3.表示数量
1)It has increased (decreased) from...to...
2)The population in this city has now increased (decreased) to 800, 000.
3)The output of July in this factory increased by 15%compared with that of January.
例：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.
再如：From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000.
话题作文：
这个模板的中文大意是：在某种场合，发生某种现象，并提供一些相关数据，然后列出这种现象的三个原因，并将三个原因总结为一个最主要原因，最后提出避免这种现象的两个办法。总的来说，利用这个模板写英语作文，是相当容易的，您只要将适当的内容，填写到对应的方括号中，一篇通顺的英语作文即可完成。下面就是这个模板。
Nowadays, there are more and more [某种现象] in [某种场合]. It is estimated that [相关数据]. Why have there been so many [某种现象]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is [原因一]. Besides, [原因二]. The third one is [原因三]. To sum up, the main cause of
[某种现象] is due to [最主要原因]. It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, [解决办法一]. On the other hand, [解决办法二]. All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [某种现象].
(I)说明原因型模块
Nowadays ,there are more and more XX in some big cities . It is estimated that ( 1 ). Why have there been so many XX ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that ( 2 ) .Besides,( 3 ) . The third reason is ( 4 ).To sum up ,the main cause of XX is due to ( 5 ) .
It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing ,( 6 ).On the other hand ,( 7 ). All these measures will certainly reduce the number of XX .
注释：
(1)用具体数据说明XX现象(2)原因一(3)原因二(4)原因三(5)指出主要原因
(6)解决建议一 (7)解决建议二
Generation gap between parents and children
Nowadays , there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and children which is so- called generation gap . It is estimated that (75 percentages of parents often complain their children's unreasonable behavior while children usually think their parents too old fashioned). Why have there been so much misunderstanding between parents and children?Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows . The first one is that ( the two generations,having grown up at different times, have different likes and dislikes ,thus the disagreement often rises between them) . Besides(due to having little in common to talk about , they are not willing to sit face to face ) . The third reason is (with the pace of modern life becoming faster and faster , both of them are so busy with their work or study that they don't spare enough time to exchange ideas ).To sum up ,the main cause of XX is due to ( lake of communication and understanding each other) .
It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing (children should respect their parents ).On the other hand ,( parents also should show solicitue for their children). All these measures will certainly bridge the generation gap .
话题：Open Courses
1. 现在网络公开课很盛行;
2. 网络公开课有不少好处，也存在一些问题;
3. 我对此的建议。
范文：
Online open courses are gaining popularity in recent years. Following globally famous universities like Yale and Harvard, some universities in China have also started to offer online open courses. Those courses have attracted people from all classes with different occupations. The courses have brought many benefits to people. Many of the courses are provided by universities in foreign countries, and thus offer fresh ideas to us. Through them, we can keep up with what people are thinking all over the world. But that can also be a problem. Some of the courses may not be very suitable for Chinese students because of cultural differences and may cause chaos on Chinese campus.
In my opinion, online open course is useful and we should make use of it to broaden our horizons. But we should also remember to have our own thinking and not be brainwashed by improper ideas.
1. 当今社会，社交网站很流行
2. 各人对此看法不同
3. 我的看法
话题：Social Network Sites
【参考范文一】
Social Network Sites
In recent years, social network sites like Renren and Kaixin have rapidly gained popularity among all kinds of people. Many people spend a lot of time on those sites chatting, making friends and playing games. Those sites have become a part of their life.
The public hold different views on this phenomenon. Some are in favor of those sites for they provide many opportunities to know other people and to know what’s happening in the world. Besides, they’re very convenient to access. One can use a computer or cell phone to log on at home, in a restaurant, or even in the subway. But some people don’t approve of the social network sites. They say that people are wasting too much time on the sites. Some even get addicted to them and abandon their real life. After all, they don’t live in the virtual world.
In my opinion, the social network sites can be very helpful when we want to keep in touch with friends, but we must remember that the real world is the most important in our life.
【参考范文二】
Social Network Sites
Social network websites have rapidly increased in popularity over the past few years. Many people have registered and become members of some social network websites, such as Facebook, Kaixin and Twitter. These websites have become a part of their daily life.
People’s opinions vary greatly on social network sites. Supporters regard social network websites as places to share feelings and experiences with their friends. Besides, they say these websites provide various interesting games and can help people relax. However, opponents think it is difficult to protect users’ privacy on social network sites. Apart from that, they maintain that users’ chances to gain employment may be reduced as more and more employers take the images which users portray on social network sites into consideration.
As far as I am concerned, social network sites serve as a good platform for us to make new friends and keep in touch with old ones. Still, we should be aware of the potential dangers involved. It is very necessary to adjust our privacy settings to control who has access to our personal information.
图表作文模板：
As can be clearly seen from the graph/table/chart (As is shown in the table/figure), great changed have taken place in_______, The _________ have/has skyrocketed/jumped from _____ to _____.
When it comes to the reasons for the changes, different people give different explanations. Here I shall just give a few.To begin with, ______What’s more,___________, Last but not least, ________.
While it is desirable that ___________, there are still some problems and difficulties for __________ Firstly, __________ ,In addition, __________ ,In a word, __________ .
图表作文的框架
as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it
goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
盘点英语作文写作六大开篇句型，开篇就抓住阅卷老师的兴趣，帮你拿高分。
1)对立法——先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，适用于有争议性的主题。
[1] When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that …. But I think/view a bit differently.
[2] When it comes to ...., some people believe that…. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.
[3] Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....
2)现象法——引出要剖析的现象或者问题，然后评论。
[1] Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.
[2] Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.
[3] Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
3)观点法——开门见山，直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法。
[1] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...
[2] Now there is a(n) growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to....
[3] Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ....
[4] Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....
4)引用法——先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，来引出文章要展开论述的观点!
[1] "Knowledge is power." This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.
[2] "Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.
[3] "...." We often hear statements/words like those/this.
[4] We often hear such traditional complains as this "....".
5)比较法——通过对过去、现在两种不同的倾向、观点的比较，引出文章要讨论的观点。
[1] For years, ...had been viewed as .... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ....
[2] People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new idea.