写作
独立写作模板
一、 结构篇
1、开头
Sample one(适用于有一些背景or有一个中心词而且编得出来那个quotation的所有情况（二选一，agree or disagree,除了个别)；
On contemporary society(一般的背景)/ With the advent of the technologically advanced society (the information explosive era（与科技有关的背景），XX（中心词） serves as a catalyst for our future success/ However, people (universities, government, citizen, society, government,) are/is invariably faced with such a question/ can’t help wondering:题目1.Confucian (Yu Qiuyu, Mark Twain, William Shakespeare), (one of) the greatest and most influential Chinese philosophers (scholars, educators, writers, thinkers, statesmen), has insightfully commented, “编____”I cling to an unshakeable belief that his comment gives the Among countless factors which contribute to my position are following conspicuous ones(最后一定排比结尾,且如果字数够了这一句就不要). 要做的：想一句简单的背景+编一句名言+改写两次题目
Sample two：（如果sample one的名言编不出来或者不适合编如leisure time，就用下面的）
On contemporary society(一般的背景)/ With the advent of the technologically advanced society (the information explosive era（与科技有关的背景）)/ On account of …，XX（中心词） serves as a catalyst for 背景( 如so…that…/not only…but also). However，when it comes to the choice between AA and BB/When asked about whetherpeople get into a dilemma. According to my personality and experiences/As far as I am concerned/From my perspective, I cling to an unshakeable belief that以下最后决定怎样写：Among countless factors which contribute to my position are following conspicuous ones(最后一定排比结尾)/AA not only…but also(2)/There are various merits AA brings about, first of all, to…; secondly, to…;and lastly…(3).
要做的：想一句简单的背景+改写两次题目+总起（最后写）
2、分点一：分层论证
Basic to any understanding of the benefits we can get from
_______ is that__________/ First and foremost,
On one hand_________, On the other hand_________
Besides/ What’s more/ In addition.
这一段主要说理，在分论点里可以加一些小的例子细节，重点是要用一些精华句子！
3、分点二：举例论证
Further lending credence to my position is that____________ （简单阐述/例子字不够就多讲点废话）I can think of no better illustration than the example of（典型例子）/ A case in point is that（不是很典型）________,…..（例子见后面）
一句话总结例子：As a result,强调句/倒装句/表利弊的句型/反面论证如果没有会怎样
4、让步段：
Agree or disagree: Admittedly,_____,to some extent, may directly or indirectly ____ /has its undeniable detriments. For instance, _______ However, the valuable merits of_______ considerably overshadow the drawbacks/ on no account________./
二选一：Admittedly,BB also has certain merits which deserve some words here. For example, ____(字数不够就多讲点) However，Compared with AA, （which 可以总结所有优点或针对BB的一方面, ）it pales.
5、结尾段：
Therefore, due to the above mentioned reasons, which sometimes correlate with each other to form an organic whole and thus become more persuasive than any single one of them(字不够了用), I reinforce my stand point that Only via(by/through /with/when/after) ___can we__________; only via(by/through /with/when/after) ___can we________;
and only via(by/through /with/when/after)___can we_______
Or It is A that...;it is A that...;and it is A that...（不好写或显得累赘就不要了）
二、 语言篇
1、 基本句型
? 因果
On account of/owing to/due to+ N
For the reason that/as/since+句子
It is due to____that
eg:It is due to his persistence and perseverance that he eventually reached his acme.(强调句)
derive/arise/stem from来源于
eg:His success derives from his persistence and perseverance. ascribe A to B 归结于
eg: His success can be ascribed/attributed to his persistence and perseverance
? 条件
A serves as a catalyst for B(our further success)
If/on condition that/provided that/as long as________
? 让步
Despite the fact that/regardless of
2、 经典句型
? 倒装
1) Only via(by/through /with/when/after) __do/did/can we__ ef: Only after going to the beach of Hawaii will I know
about American typical type of spending leisure time.
2) Hardly/Seldom/Scarcely can__ of
3) So +adj+主谓倒装+that__
4) Not only 主谓倒装 but also...
eg: Not only should education prepare children to compete
Not only do people care their economic needs,they but also want to meet their spiritual needs.
5) On no account 主谓倒装（决不....）
? 强调
It is/was....that/who(m)....
? 插入语
1) 限定性副词 probably/directly or indirectly/to some(a large) extent
2) N+,ving,+v
3) 同位语
3、经典中的经典
? 排比
1) It is tourism that gives me the opportunity to know the culture of this dynamic, robust and alive country.
2) It is computers that make our life diverse,convenient,dynamic/ vibrant, without which our life would probably pale.
3) A/which needs to be/In this way, A can be readily accepted, respected,appreciated and advocated.
4) Only via university education can we have systematic knowledge concerning arts and science.Only via university education can we know the essence of symbiosis and collaboration. And Only via university education can we meet the demands of society and make our future success inevitable.
? 十大副词
1) Considerably
2) Invariably
3) Undoubtedly/indisputably/incontrovertibly
4) Increasingly
5) Most/exceedingly/exceptionally 格外地
6) Insightfully 富有见底地
7) Regrettably
8) Effectively and efficiently
9) Gradually and eventually
10) Readily
? 其他
1) It is not difficult for us to imagine that 不难想象
2) B makes it possible for us to have an universal access to A/A is readily available. A容易得到
3) In order to survive and thrive in this fiercely competitive society, people have no choice but to work and study hard. 4) Ruthless and relentless无形/fierce and intense competition
The ruthless and relentless competition imposes an unprecedented pressure on each and every individual, and therefore, there is no exaggeration to say that our innovative
and inventive ability can lay a solid foundation for our future, enabling us to survive and thrive in the modern world.
5) Inspiration, aspiration and perspiration
6) Vision,passion and mission
7) 其他词语见最后清单p120
三、论证篇（详见讲义）
1、模糊论证
Range from...（其他见讲义）
2、举例论证
? 自己的例子
I can think of no better illustration than the example of my own visit to Singapore. Only after going shopping on Orchard road, the main shopping district in Singapore,did I realize what "a paradise for shopping"really was. Only after roaming in the City Hall,the financial center of Singapore, did I experience the quick pace of modern life. Only after lying on the beach of Sentosa did I know about the Singaporean typical way of spending leisure time.
? 名人的例子（Yu Minghong，。。。）
? 社会的例子
For example, on account of the advent of the technologically advanced society, employers tend to hire people equipped with a
wide range of knowledge rather than the ones with limited knowledge.
? 瞎编的例子
3、数据论证
I can think of no better illustration than the statistic. Experts from the Department of Sociology in Peking University pointed out that the average sleeping time an adult has everyday, compared with 8 hours in the 1970s, has decreased to 6.8 hours due to the busy work and study.
4、引用论证(开头）
5、假想论证
Imagine/visualize/picture/suppose ....
四、思路篇
怎么好写怎么来~
第二篇：托福独立写作满分模板
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IndependentWriting
I.AorB
开头
Anincreasingnumberofpeoplebegintorealize/complain/questionthat...
OR:Themajorityofpeopletendtohaveafavorable/anunfavorableattitudetowardssomethingOR:XXXhasnowcausedwidepublicconcern
OR:Whenitcomesto...peopleoftenconsider...
Thethingis,whichXXX,AorB,(isamoreefficientmeanoflearning/whatdowemeanby)?Peoplemaygivevariousanswerstothisquestion.
OR：Askpeople…andtheymaygiveadiverseofanswersbasedontheirindividualvaluesystemsSomebelievethat…whileothers/someclaim…
Onbalance,myfavorgoestoA.
正文
Tobeginwith,IconcedethatBservesasanindependentfactorin(asuccessfuleducation)/isofgreatvalue/BissuperiortoAsince
Afterall,
Howevercompellingthesecasesmaysound,Bisnotwithoutitsproblems.
OR:Howevercompellingthesecasesmaysound,theycannotovershadowthesignificantrolethatAplaysinXX.
Forexample,
Inthissense,
Therefore,toomuchemphasisonBisactuallydangerous/harmfulandmaygocontrarytoourprimarypurposeof
Ontheotherhand,Acanaddress/respondtosomepeople’sneedsthatBcannot
Foronething,
Foranother,
结尾
Inthefinalanalysis,itistruethatbothAandBarepartandparcelofX.However,consideringthepotentialproblemsresultedfromBandthegreatbenefitsofA,Ibelieveitissensibleto(choose
A)
II.AgreeorDisagree
开头
Anincreasingnumberofpeoplebegintorealize/complain/questionthat...
OR:Themajorityofpeopletendtohaveafavorable/anunfavorableattitudewithsomething
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托福专业1对1在线保分培训机构【TPO小站】/OR:XXXhasnowcausedwidepublicconcern
OR:Whenitcomesto...peopleoftenconsider...
Thethingis,whichXXX,AorB,...?Peoplemaygivevariousanswerstothisquestion.
OR：Askedwhich....,peoplemaygiveavarietyofanswersbasedontheirindividualvaluesystemsOnbalance,Ifundamentallyagree/disagreewiththestatementthat
正文
基本是反对的
Tobeginwith,IconcedethatAservesasanindependentfactorin(asuccessfuleducation)/isofgreatvalue
Afterall,
Howevercompellingthesecasesmaysound,Amaygiverisetoanumberofquestions.
Helpfulasitis,Acanalsogiverisetoanumberofproblems.
Forexample,
Inthissense,
Therefore,toomuchemphasisonAisactuallydangerous/harmfulandmaygocontrarytoourprimarypurposeof
(AnotherproblemofAisthat)
Ontheotherhand,B(anotherside)canaddress/respondtosomepeople’sneedsthatAcannotOR:Itisofgreatadvantagestodo(somethingelse)
Foronething,
Foranother,
基本是支持的
Tobeginwith,IconcedethatAcangiverisetoanumberofquestionssuchas
Problematicasitseems,weshouldalsobearinmindthatAisnotwithoutitsmerits
Forexample...
Inthissense,
Moreover,Aservesasanindispensablefactorin(asuccessfuleducation)
OR:Acanrespondtosomepeople’sneeds
OR:Whatisalsoworthnoticingisthat
Foronething,
Foranother,
结尾
Inthefinalanalysis,itistruethatAhascertainmerits/drawbacks,consideringthepotential
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论证：
ConsiderXasanexample.
TakeXforexample.
Tofindexamples,oneneedstolooknofurtherthan(thesuccessofsomething)
Acaseinpointis…
Imagine/consider/suppose…(后面加宾语或宾语从句，e.g.Supposeapersonwhoisworryingabouthisfuture.Supposeapersonisworryingabouthisfuture.)
Consider,forexample,
Commonsensetellsusthat…
Whatisalsoworthnoticingisthat
Withrespectto
Inthebusinessrealm,
Intheareaofpolitics,
Whenitcomestoscience/academics,
Atthe(global/social/personal)level
Similarly,
…nottomention(adv.用法待查)
…letalone(v.用法待查)
Storygoes(直接接一个句子)
Sometimes/Insomecases,
Assb.putit,“_____”
Accordingtosb.,“_____”
ThebeautyofAisthat
Itgoeswithoutsayingthat
Assomebodyhaspointedout,
Essentially,weneedtolookat…
Manypeoplewouldclaimthat
Itishightimethatsomethingshouldbedoneaboutit.
Peoplehadfiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.
AsfarasIamconcerned,myfavorgoesto______________.
表达
1、权威/调查
Accordingtoarecentinvestigation/survey,
Many(environmental)expertspointedoutthat
2、普遍正现象
Anincreasingnumberofpeoplearebeginningtorealize/complain/questionthat
Alargenumberofpeoplebelievethat
Themajorityofpeopletendto/seemtohaveanunfavorableattitudetowards
Forthemajorityofpeople,
Itiswidelyacknowledged/discussedthat
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托福专业1对1在线保分培训机构【TPO小站】/Thisissuehascoursedwidepublicconcern.
Peopledifferintheirattitudetowardssomething.
3、普遍负现象
Peopleseemtofailtotakeintoaccountthefactthat
However,whatthesepeoplefailtoseeitthat
Manypeopletendtoliveundertheillusionthat
4、展望未来
(Inviewoftheseriousnessofthisproblem,)Proper/effectivemeasuresshouldbetakento(limit)Greateffortsshouldbemadeto(protect)
Inviewofsuchserioussituation,somethingismoreimportantthaneverbefore.
Somebodyshouldbeencouragedtodosomething
Those(urbanplanner)whoareblindtothispointwillpayaheavyprice
(Thegovernment)oughttomakeeffortsto
Wecannotemphasizesomethingtoomuch
Nothingismoreimportantthanto(receiveeducation)
5、我认为
Forme(对我来说),
Beforeaddressingmyopinion,Ithinkitisimportanttolookattheargumentonbothsides.Asforme,Iaminfavoroftheopinionthat
Iamfirmlyconvincedthat
Mysuggestionstodealwiththeproblemareasfollows.
6、客观事实
Noonecandenythefactthat
Itisundeniablethat
Itisnotwithoutitsproblem
AnegativelyimpactB
Itishardtoimaginesomebodydoingsomething
Itmustbenotedthat
AlthoughAcontributesgreatlytoB,itmayinevitablyhavenegativeimpacts.
Ontheotherhand,thecontributionofAcannotbeignored.
Asapopularsayinggoes,“everythinghastowsides.”
想到的一些开头：
（注：想不出来特别的开头的话就用anincreasingnumberofpeopleorthereisatendencyofXXX/bothAandBarepartandparcelinYYY/bothAandBaddresssomepeople’sneeds——要是只是问一方面的问题也可以把与之相对的另一方面拿出来相提并论，如：说科学好的题，可以开头说科学和艺术都好。若是讨论一个社会现象的文章则比较好想一个背景作为开头，若是一些抽象/个人一点的问题不好硬想背景了，那么就直接说观点好了）
-Nomanisanisland.Weallliveinconnectionwithotherpeoplearoundus./Weareall
influencedbyavarietyofpeople./Weallrelyoneachotherforlivinganditisthesamewithdecisionmaking.(凡关于人际关系orcooperation的文章)
LifeislikeMr.Gump’sboxofchocolates,which,asIseeit,shouldcontainnotonlysweetandhappiness,butalsobitterandfrustration.
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OR:notonlydogmasandschoolbooksbutalsogamesandentertainments
OR:youneverknowwantyouaregoingtoget
-OR:which,asIseeit,shouldhaveavarietyoftastesComingalongwiththecomputerscienceandtheWorldWideWeb/incredibledevelopmentof
telecommunicationisthevoluminousamountsofinformationwhichareproduced/presenteddaily.(stealourtimeawayfromfamilyandfriends)(凡关于信息技术的)
Thereisnogoldenrolefor(doingsomething)
Thelastfewyearshaveseenasurgein(stemcellresearch).
Ifyouarealwaysonyourown,thenwhatisafriendfor?
Awards,aspsychologistsuggests,isanimportantreinforcerofadesiredbehavior.
Wegotoworktobepaid.However,atrulygoodjobcontentsfarmorethanjustmoney.Itshouldalsobeabletoofferusahealthyrelationship,acomfortableworkingenvironment,andtheopportunitiestolearnnewknowledgeandskills.
Wegotoschooltolearnnewknowledge/skillsforourfuturework.However,atruly------
successfuleducationgoesfarbeyondthat.
（以上两句的思路：做某事是为了X但X不是事情的全部）
-Withmoney,wecanbuy
-Peoplehaveavarietyofwaysof(dealingwithproblems)accordingtotheirpersonal
preferencesandhabits/individualvaluesystems.Some…whilesome….Personally,I…一些句子：
-Apotentiallyrichavenueforaddressingthisdeficiencyisto…
-XXisdueinparttoYY
-
-
-
-
-Theyfallintothreecategories.ThisisalsotrueforXThisworkswellforXTofindsupportingexamplesoneneedlooknofurtherthan(atelevisionset).假象场景：第一段：Imagineastudentwho(isinterestedinbiology)…
第二段：Alsotakethecaseoftheforegoingstudentasanexample.Thereisa
goodchancethathe…Inthissense,
Toaddressthisissue,itishelpfultoconsiderinturnthreedistinctformsofX
Inthebusinessrealm,Xisusuallydefinedas
Intheareaofpolitics,theissueisnolesscomplex.
Whenitcomestoscience,
Successwillnotcometousunlesswegotoit.--
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