1.题目：Academic Dishonesty on Campus
写作要求
Recent surveys show that a lot of college students download papers from the Internet to save the trouble of doing the assignments. This kind of academic dishonesty does harm to the students.
You are required to analyze its harmful effects and suggest some ways to prevent it.
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Academic Dishonesty on Campus
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your opinion is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion with appropriate details.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道现象解释说明/结果预测型的题目，要求分析学术欺骗行为可能会有什么样的恶果，并提出预防措施 。可以从以下几方面进行分析 ：
关于结果方面：⑴ 对个人能力 、诚信等方面不利 ；⑵ 对他人不公平，造成恶劣影响 ；可以单说一项 ，也可以综合起来说 。
关于建议方面：⑴ 事先说明这种做法的后果，进行教育；⑵ 采取惩罚措施 。
范文赏析
Academic Dishonesty on Campus
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It is shown in the recent surveys that many college students copy papers from the Internet to save the trouble of doing their assignments . In my opinion, this kind of academic dishonesty is very harmful to these students.
引言部分 ：作者先提出有学生从网上抄文章以完成老师布置的任务，然后提出自己的观点：这种行为对学生是不利的。
First, copying papers from the Internet makes students lazy. Copying papers from the Internet seems easy and can save some time and trouble; seldom work hard to complete their papers on their own. In other words, students will become lazier and lazier. Second, students can learn little from copying others’ work. Students cannot improve their abilities just by downloading papers from the Internet without their own thinking and working. What’s worse, once students get used to academic cheating, they may also cheat in other cases in the future, which will be very dangerous for them, especially when it’s put down in the honesty record .
主体部分：作者在这里给出了三个理由：使学生变懒 ；学不到东西，破坏诚信。这里使用 了first，second，what s worse来连接这些理由。这里的一个亮点是近义词的使用，如 ：copy papers from the Internet ，academic dishonesty ，copy others work ，download papers from the internet，academic cheating 等都是表示学术舞弊行为。
Therefore, in order to prevent academic dishonesty on campus, some punishments by the school may be necessary. But the most important thing is that teachers should talk to those students, and make them aware of the fact that copying others’ work cannot bring them any knowledge and that only by working hard can they improve themselves.
总结部分：作者用therefore自然引入结论部分，提出自己的建议：需要惩罚，但更要教育。
亮点回放
1.save the trouble of doing sth.:“省去做某事的麻烦”；
2.assignment : “任务，被指定的（课外 ）作业” ；此处也可以用homework ，task等 ，但是assignment学术性更强些 ，在这里更恰当。
3.download :“下载”；这是常用的与网络相关的词语 ，常用 的还有upload ，copyand 2
paste ，install ，uninstall等 。
4.inothercases: “在其他情况下” ；也可以用inothersituations ，onotheroccasions，under other circumstances等 。
5. be put down:“记下”；这里还可以用be written down ，be recorded等 。
6.honesty record: “诚信记录” ；也可以用integrity record来代替 。
7. talk to: 通常表示“和某人谈话” ，此处暗含着“教育某人”的意思 。
8.only by working hard can they improve themselves: “只有通过努力他们才能有所提高” 这里使用 的是部分倒装 的句式 。当only，hardly，scarcely，seldom等词放在句首时，通常要部分倒装。
2.题目：The Benefits and Dangers of Campus Politics
写作要求
Nowadays many college students are interested in campus politics, including running for heads of various communities. What are the possible bene? ts and dangers of this enthusiasm for campus politics?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
The Bene? ts and Dangers of Campus Politics
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道分析利弊/差异型的题目，要求分析参与校园政治的利与弊，因此很明显文章中 3
必须包含：
1. 概述该现象，指出这样做有利有弊；
2. 具体说明好处在哪里，弊端在哪里；
3. 重申自己的观点，再次概述利弊点。
范文赏析
The Bene?ts and Dangers of Campus Politics
Campus politics has improved the quality of students’ life on campus and is playing an important role in college life. While we may advocate it because of the benefits, we cannot ignore its problems.
引言部分：作者先明确表明“校园政治”是大学生活非常重要的一部分，但在强调其带来的好处的同时，作者提醒不能忽视其带来的问题。
On the positive side , college students will grow mature and develop their abilities from participation in campus politics. For one thing, by attending campus political activities, students will learn how to handle relationships with all sides in a more mature way, which will better prepare them for life after graduation. For another, they can develop their sense of responsibility as well as practical capabilities, especially management and coordination capacity, because the campus political activities provide students with a stage to show themselves and bring their abilities into full play.
On the negative side, campus politics might bring some problems. Too much participation in campus politics might influence study. Besides, some students’ being keen on campus politics is for fame and gain, which is harmful to the healthy development of mentality . Therefore, schools and teachers should give necessary instructions to students on their participation in campus politics. 主体部分：作者先从积极面分析了参加校园竞选等活动带来的两大益处：使学生们变得成熟并增强了责任心和实际能力；接着又从消极面分析了参与“校园政治”可能带来的问题：对学习和身心健康发展的影响。针对这些问题，作者简单提出学校和老师应给予必要的指导。就写作手法而言，作者主要是进行逻辑论证，正反对比。全文长短句的运用非常恰当，主要是用短句点题，说明观点，用长句进行解释说明。
All in all, we cannot deny the bene?ts campus politics brings to college students, 4
but we should also be aware of the potential danger it may hold for them as well. With necessary guidance, campus politics can be a good stage for students to grow.
总结部分：作者用all in all自然而然地引入到了文章的结尾。作者先概述了上面提及的两个方面，然后重申了自己的观点：在恰当的指导下，校园政治是大学生成长的良好舞台。 亮点回放
1. campus politics: “校园政治” ；下文还使用了campus political activities来指 同一意思 。
2. advocate: “提倡，主张” ；此处也可以用support, back等替代。另外注意advocate也可以作名词使用 ，be an advocate for/of sth.是 ……的提倡者/支持者 。
3. on the positive side: “从积极面来说” ；也可以用from the positive perspective来代替 。
4. better prepare: 通常prepare的用法是be prepared for（为……做好 了准备 ），此处使用 了主动形式prepare sb. for sth. （让某人为某事做好 了准备 ）。better是well的比较级 ，所以此处表示 “使他们更好地为……做好准备”。
5. capability: “能力，性能” ，与下文 的capacity, ability为近义词 ，这些近义词 的使用使文章富有变化性 ，有亮点不单调 。
6. coordination: “协调” ；此处近义词有organization, regulation等 。
7. bring their abilities into full play : “使他们的能力充分发挥” ；此处的bring ... into full play是固定搭配 ，比简单使用fully display要正式。
8. being keen on: “渴望，爱好” ，比单纯地使用like要好，此处的sb. s being keen on整体用作主语，不过这里还可以使用enthusiasm，passion，zeal等，后面接for 。
9. mentality: “心理状态” ，此处还可以使用morality来代替。
10. instruction : “指导”；与下文的guidance为近义词，通常的用法是instruct sb. to do sth.或者instruct sb. on sth.。
11. deny: “否认，拒绝给予” ；搭配有deny sb. sth.（拒绝给予某人某物 ）。
12. be aware of: “意识到” ；近义词为be conscious of，realize等 。
3.题目：How to Improve Students Mental Health
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写作要求
Nowadays some college students suffer from mental diseases and even commit suicide. How to improve students’ mental health has now become a hot topic. What’s your suggestion?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
How to Improve Students’ Mental Health
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道典型的问题解决/建议型的题目，从题目到写作要求都明确说明文章要围绕如何提高学生的精神健康来写，通常可以从 以下几方面着手：
1. 从社会层面来看，教育体制上应该给学生更为宽松的环境，使学生能全面发展；
2. 从学校层面来看，学校应关注学生的身心健康，设立心理工作室等，进行心理问题的预防和辅导；
3. 从家长层面来看，家长应时常关心孩子的心理想法，而不是只注重学习成绩；
4. 从学生层面来看，学生自己应该适当了解一些心理常识，开发多种兴趣，能自我纾解负面情绪 。
以上这些方面并不意味着在一篇文章中都要涉及 ，只要从其中一两个方面提出建议并详细陈述理由即可。
范文赏析
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How to Improve Students’ Mental Health
Students’ mental health, an issue neglected for long, has now gained increasing public concern . As to how to improve it, heated discussions are right on their way. As far as I’m concerned, the university should set up a mental health workshop to improve students’ psychological health. It’s necessary for the following reasons.
引言部分：作者先复述题干中的背景，然后直抒胸臆：大学应成立心理工作室， 并以for the following reasons引出下文。
For one thing, many problems of mental disorder may be nipped in the bud . Many students may find it hard to deal with pressure from study and personal relationships, and therefore pains, puzzles and frustration may arise . he workshop will be a place for the young people to release their pressure by talking it away8 with teachers there. In the meantime , teachers may have a chance to detect signs of psychological problems in advance and take precautious measures accordingly. For another, students may know some ways to improve their mental health. If the experts of the workshop can give lectures on regular basis, those students suffering from mental disturbances will know what to do and face their problems bravely.
主体部分 ：作者以for one thing和for another 引出两个原因，而且用短句点题 ，用长句解释，长短结合，非常恰当。另外近义词的使用也给文章增加了变化性 ， 如mental ，illness ，disease，disturbance 等 。如果有三个或以上的原因，可以参考使用以下几组词 ：To begin with，then，furthermore finally；To start with，next，in addition，finally；First and foremost，besides，last but not least；Most important of all，moreover finally。
From the factors mentioned above, we may safely draw the conclusion that a mental health workshop can play a vital role in students’ daily life and help to protect them from mental illness.
总结部分 ：作者用 from the factors mentioned above自然结尾，并再次重申自己的观点，与开头部分呼应。
亮点回放
1. neglect: “忽视”；近义词有ignore（有意忽视 ）和overlook ，此处an issue neglected for long用作插入语，起同位语的作用 。
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2. public concern : “公众的关注” ；在表示 “引起普遍关注/重视”时 ，常用arouse/gain public/ popular concern这一词组 。
3. on their way: “在路上”；此处表示“激烈的讨论正在展开”的意思 。
4. disorder: “混乱，失调，不适，疾病”；此处与下文的disturbance，problem为近义词 。
5. be nipped in the bud:“被……消灭于萌芽状态”。
6. puzzle:“困惑，难题”；近义词有confusion ，bewilderment，worry等 。
7. arise: “出现，产生”；常用于指抽象事物的产生，常用搭配为arise from 。
8. talk it away:通常talk away作不及物动词用 ，表示“不停地讲”，这里是指“通过谈话将压力消除”。
9. in the meantime: “与此 同时” ；近义词有at the same time ，in the meanwhile等 。
10. detect: “发觉，察觉”；比简单使用find要 出彩 。
11. accordingly: “相应地” ；也可以使用correspondingly来替换 。
12. on regular basis: “常规地 ，经常地” ；比简单使用often/usually好 。
13. disturbance: “扰乱，骚动” ；此处指精神上的困惑，与上文的disorder为近义词 。
14. safely : “安全地” ；此处表示 “毫无 问题地” ，we can safely draw the conclusion that...是常用的结尾句式 。
4.题目：Certification: A Way to Prove Oneself
写作要求
Nowadays many students will choose to study for some kind of certi? cation and it has been recognized as a way to prove one’s ability. Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Certi? cation: A Way to Prove Oneself
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
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In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道分析利弊/差异型的题目，要求论述证书对学生的重要性 ：证书是证明自己的一种方式。因此，本文的侧重点是证书是如何证明自己的，可以从以下方面论述 ： 其一 ，证书是学习能力的证明；
其二 ，证书是积极进取的证明；
其三 ，证书是兴趣广泛的证明。
Certi?cation: A Way to Prove Oneself
For a growing number of Chinese people, the most productive thing to do with one’s spare time is to study for some kind of certification. From languages to business skills to teaching, certi?cations act as proof of one’s interest, attitude and ability. More and more, a resume with degrees and work experiences looks a bit boring; certi?cations are like accessories —they complete the out?t.
引言部分：作者提出了考证热这个现象，并亮出观点：证书是一个人兴趣爱好 、学习态度和学习能力的证明，因此 ，概括了主体部分将重点论述的方面。
Certifications accomplish several purposes. First, they show employers that one is diversi?ed. While one’s interest is not limited to only one major, he will win himself more chances of jobs than others, which is likely to result in a good-paying job and better employability. Besides, certi?cations indicate that the owner is proactive; he is not sitting around in his spare time. Instead, he is constantly looking to improve himself. This is what sets one applicant apart from the rest when applying for a sought-after position.
What’s more important is that the certifications prove that the person has great potential as he is good at study and has a good sense of balance. He has made an effort to learn more skills while keeping focused on his major or occupation. 9
主体部分：作者采用的是总分式结构，先概述证书能起到几个作用 ，然后具体分述了三方面的作用：证书证明兴趣广泛，可以带来更多工作机会；说明态度积极进取，给人更好的印象表明学习能力出众，有潜力。
All in all, certifications give students more con?dence in the job market as they demonstrate that the owners have wider interest, more proactive attitude and stronger learning ability.
总结部分：作者用all in all自然过渡到结尾段落，并再次概述证书的作用，可以给学生带来更多自信。
亮点回放
1. growing: “增强的，越来越多的” ；近义词为increasing。
2. certification: “证 明，证书 ，鉴定” ；注意与certificate的区别 。
3. act as: “起到……的作用 ，担任 ，充当”；近义词为perform as ，function as ，be used as等。
4. accessory: “附件 ，配件”。
5. outfit : “配备 ，装备 ” ；此处complete the outfit意思为 “使得整体 （这里指简历 ）完整”。
6. accomplish several purposes: “起到几个作用” ，此处也可以用serve several purposes。
7. diversified: “多样化的，多种多样 的” ；此处也可以用versatile （多才多艺的 ）。
8. win sb. sth.: “为某人赢得某物” ；win也可以换成gain 。
9. employability : “可用性 ，受雇就业能力” ；该词 的使用体现了作者较大的词汇量和灵 活运用能力 。
10. proactive: “先发制人的，积极的”；此处表示 “积极的”，也可以使用take the initiative。
11. sit around: “坐着没事干” ；不及物动词 ，后面可以接doing ，表示 “闲坐着干什么事”。此处可以用idle away one s spare time来替代 。
12. set sb. apart: “区别 ，分开 ，使与众不 同” ，后面可以接from sb. else ，可以用make sb. distinguished from sb. else来替代 。
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13. sought-after: “很吃香的，备受欢迎的”；sought是seek 的过去分词，此处作形容词用。
14. demonstrate: “证明，演示，示范” ；本文中出现了很多近义词 ：show ，indicate ，prove和demonstrate ，这些增加了文章的变化性 。
5.题目：Living in University Dormitories or Apartments in the Community 写作要求
Now many college students choose to rent an apartment to enjoy more freedom. Some say it’s quite normal as the students have mostly reached the age of adulthood while others are concerned about their immaturity and security. What is your opinion?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Living in University Dormitories or Apartments in the Community?
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一个典型的观点选择型AB的题目，对住校还是出去租房做出选择 ，可以从以下几方面入手 ：
思路1：选择住校，说明住校有什么好处 ：比如同学之间的交流、学校信息的传递等 ；还可以简单说明租房有什么弊端 ，比如安全问题、费用问题等；
思路2 ：选择租房，说明租房有什么好处：比如培养独立性 、与社会接触等 ；还可以简单说明住校有什么弊端，比如受到限制太多、没有私人空间等；
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思路3 ：住校和租房结合，说明这种做法有什么好处 ：这时候就将上述好处综合起来说 。 范文赏析
Living in University Dormitories or Apartments in the Community?
I think it is better for college students to live on campus during their first two years, and then move into an apartment for off-campus life as juniors and seniors need the independence of off-campus life. Students’ needs change over four years, so should their housing .
引言部分 ：作者开门见山给出自己的观点：前两年住校后两年租房，并概述了原因——学生需求变化导致 ，表明下文将重点说明这种组合的原因.
Living on-campus makes it easier to get oriented to the way things are done. The freshmen and sophomores can interact more with other tudents, including not only your roommates, but everyone in the dormitory. Living in the dormitory also makes a student feel more a part of the university community. There are more opportunities for becoming involved in university activities and networking with students and university administration.
Living off-campus, however, is a de?nite advantage for older students. Finding an apartment, dealing with leases and the landlord’s regulations, cooking meals, and ? guring out budgets are all good practice for life after graduation. This kind of independence helps older students grow in adulthood. Off-campus housing also gives students a better perspective on what is going on around them. Getting to know neighbors who are not students is good for students to ?nd out what other people think and feel.
主体部分 ：正文分为两部分，分别说明前两年为什么要住校和后两年出去住有什么好处 。采取的论证手法主要是列举原因和举例说明。
In summary, I think a combination of two years on-campus and two years off-campus is a winning combination for most students.
总结部分 ：作者用in summary 连接上下文，再次说明这种组合对学生是最有利的。 亮点回放
1. on campus: “在大学校内” ；中间有连字符连接时（on-campus ）用作形容词，反义词为off-campus。
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2. junior: “大三学生”；从大一到大四学生的说法分别是freshman，sophomore，junior，senior。
3. so should their housing:“他们的住房条件也应如此”；这里要注意so sb. do和so do sb.之间的区别，前者表示“某人确实如此”，后者表示“某人也是如此 ”。另外这里的housing通常只有单数形式 。
4. get oriented to:“以……为导向”；亦可以写作be oriented to/toward ，be involved in此处表示 “适应” ，近义词为be adapted to/be adjusted to。
5. interact:“与……互动”；常用搭配为interact with 。
6. network:常用作名词 ，表示“网络” ，此处用作动词 ，表示 “沟通” ，常与with搭配。该词的使用体现了作者较大的词汇量 。
7. administration:“管理” ，此处为 “管理部 门” ，与学校入学管理有关 的常用词还有enrollment （招生 ），registration （注册 ）等 。
8. lease:“租约”；通常同学们会使用rent ，但lease在此处更贴切 。
9. landlord:“地主、房东” ；如为女房东 ，为landlady 。
10. figure out:“想出、算 出、解决” ；此处也可以用make out代替 。
11. perspective:“看法”；常用搭配为from one s perspective（从某人的角度看 ，即某人认为 ）。
12. in summary:“总而言之，概括来说” ；常用的总结词有in summary，to sum up，in conclusion，to draw a conclusion，in a word，in short，in brief等 。
6.题目：Income Sources of College Students
写作要求
According to an investigation, half of the income of American students comes from their parents, ?fteen percent comes from scholarships and the rest from part-time jobs; while ninety percent of Chinese students’ income comes from their parents. What do you think of the result of this investigation?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Income Sources of College Students
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You are to write in three parts.
In the ?rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道个人观点表达型的题目，表述自己对中美大学生收入来源差异的看法，可以从以下几方面着手 ：
思路1：可以写导致这种现象出现的原因；
思路2 ：可以写这种差异将来会不会发生变化 ，变化的原因是什么 ；
思路3 ：也可以写这种差异反映了什么样的问题 ；
思路4 ：还可以写通过什么措施来消除这种差异。
范文赏析
Income Sources of College Students
According to the investigation, Chinese students rely much more on their parents for financial support than their American counterparts . As far as I’m concerned, there are many reasons behind the gap and it will change in the future.
引言部分：作者先概述了题目给出的内容，这点很重要，如果只是简单复述，会留下文字驾驭能力不足的印象。接着明确说明下文要写的内容：原因和未来的趋势 。
In my opinion, the main reason lies in the sense of independence. American students are taught to be independent when they are very young. For example, they will have to earn their own pocket money by helping with the house chores or doing part-time jobs since their childhood. On the contrary, Chinese students are taken such good are of that it is very difficult for them to live on eir 14
own. In other words, American parents treat their children in college as responsible adults while Chinese parents will take it for granted that they should help their children in all ways as long as the children need it. As a result, Chinese American peers do. What’s more, Chinese students have fewer opportunities to find part-time jobs.
主体部分：作者重点给出了一个独立性差异的原因，并进而引申说明父母观点的差异导致了孩子独立性的差异，这里除了运用对比以外还通过举例证明自己的观点。除此以外，作者另外说明中国学生找兼职的机会少，这也是造成这一差异的原因。
However, the gap will narrow gradually in the future. Nowadays more and more Chinese students are seeking part-time jobs as they’re eager to acquire some social skills and earn some money, which will help them to do more in school and to live independently. As to the American students, I think the sources of American students’ income will remain the same.
总结部分：这个结尾是属于预测性的，认为这种差异会慢慢缩小，并给出了原因。 亮点回放
1. rely: “依靠”，常用搭配为rely on sb. for sth. ，近义词为depend on sb. for sth.。
2. financial support: “财务支持” ；这里用的是一个比较正式的说法 ，非正式 的说法其实就是money 。
3. counterpart :“对手 、职位（地 位 ）相当的人 ”；这是个正式用词，其实就是指American students。
4. behind the gap: “在这差异背后”；实际上在这里这个词组是“解释这个差异”的意思。
5. lie in: “在于”；也可以用consist in来代替 。
6. pocket money: “零花钱”；此处也可以用allowance来代替 。
7. house chores: “家务活” ；也可以用family chores来代替 。
8. in other words: “换句话说” ，在这里其实起到了一个递进的作用 。
9. take it for granted: “想当然认为……” ；该词组 中的it是形式宾语 ，词组后面要接that从句 ，或者直接将宾语放在 中间 ，变成take ... for granted。
10. peer : “同辈” ；此处和上文 的counterpart为近义词 ，本文对 同一概念的词使用了不 同的表达方式 ，体现了作者 良好 的词汇驾驭能力 。
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11. narrow: “变窄、缩短”常用作形容词 ，此处作动词用 ，常用搭配有 “narrow the gap”等。
12. acquire: “获得 、获取” ；通常搭配knowledge ，skill ，wealth ，information等 。
7.题目：Getting Married in College
写作要求
In 2005, the Department of Education lifted the ban on students getting married while still in college. And it has been a hot topic for people from all walks of life. What’s your opinion about it?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Getting Married in College
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道观点选择型的题目，论述对在校大学生结婚一事的看法 ，可以从以下几方面着手 ：
思路1：赞成在校大学生结婚 ，原因可以从法定结婚年龄、大学生情感需求等方面讲 ； 思路2 ：反对在校大学生结婚 ，原因可以从大学生心理成熟度、经济条件等方面讲 ； 思路3 ：对此持中立态度 ，提出判断标准：如果各方面条件成熟 ，可以结婚 ，否则还是不要结婚为好 。
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思路4 ：先摆 出赞成者和反对者各自的理由，然后给出自己的看法 ，并进行简单说明（补充更多理由 ）。
范文赏析
Getting Married in College
Since 2005 the ban was lifted by the Department of Education on college students’ getting married, it has been a hot topic for students, parents and educators and their attitudes differ sharply. Some hold the positive view and others think differently. In my view, I believe they’d better not get married for the following reasons.
引言部分：作者提出热议话题：在校大学生现在允许结婚了，并提出自己的观点：他们最好不要结婚 ，用following reasons 引出下文。
First and foremost, though mostly adults, college students are actually immature psychologically . Their wishes to get married are, more often than not , impulses. I admit that it is a basic right for those who have reached the appropriate ages to get married marriage is more solemn and requires more than just reaching the age. In addition, the university or college is a place to study instead of a community to lead a family life. Allowing college students to get married would adversely affect their study. For instance, they would spend too much time attending to their family and love, thus unable to concentrate on their school work. Besides, as tudents, they are not ready to support a family ?nancially.
主体部分：作者从几个方面述了反对的理由，而且在说明自己的观点的同时也提及了支持者的观点。这种对比可以更加凸显这一话题的争议性，同时更体现了作者做出这样选择的慎重性 。
Weighing the arguments of both sides, I would still say “no” to getting married in college, though it’s their legal right.
总结部分：作者经过衡量，选择持反对观点。这里使用的 weighing the arguments of both sides 呼应了前段第一条理由提及的“人权”或 “法定婚龄”，使结论显得更客观。 亮点回放
1. ban : “禁止、禁令 ” ，可以做名词和动词 ，此处为名词，注意与之搭配的介词为on ， 表示“对 ……的禁令”。
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2. lift: 一般表示“举起 、抬起” ，此处表示“解除（封锁 、禁令等 ）”。
3. hot topic: “热议话题” ；此处topic可以用issue替代 ，不过topic更普遍随意些 。
4. hold: “持有（观点 ）” ；此处hold the positive/negative view也可以写成be for/against sth. ，表示 “持同意或反对意见”。近义词为think, maintain, claim, believe, consider ，都可以引导表示观点的从句 。
5. immature psychologically: “心理上不成熟”。
6. more often than not: “往往 、多半” ，常用作插入语 。
7. a severe violation of: “对 ……的严重违背” ；此处也可以用动词形式severely/seriously violate ，不过用名词形式更为正式 。
8. solemn: “庄严，严肃” ；比serious更贴切 。
9. adversely affect: “对 ……产生不利的影响” ；adversely表示“不利地 、逆 向地” ，比较正式，另外它的名词形式adversity（逆境 ）也是常用到的。
10. attend to: “专注于、照料” ；注意此处的to为介词，后面接名词或动名词 。此处也可以用更常见的take care of来替代 。
11. weigh : “称重、衡量”；此处表示“衡量”， “weighing the arguments of both sides, I believe/think...”常用来引出自己观点 ，同学们可以借鉴 。
12. say “no”to: “对 ……说不” ，表示反对意见 ，近义词为oppose/disagree with/disapprove of等，反义词为say“yes”to ，此处to为介词 ，后面接名词或动名词 。
8.题目：The Value of University Life
写作要求
Nowadays some students feel bewildered about the value of college life. Apart from acquiring knowledge, what else could college students get from the time spent in a university?
What’s your opinion about the value of college life?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
The Value of University Life
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You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to
follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道个人观点表达型的题目，说明对大学生活价值的看法，可以从下面几点着手 ： 思路 ：1.肯定大学生活有价值 ；
2.大学生活的价值体现可以从大学教育对人生观的影响、知识的获取 、各种能力的培养等方面来讲 。
The Value of University Life
There are reports about businessmen, tars, celebrities who are undereducated and even did not graduate from high school. Therefore, some college students doubt about the value of college life. As far as I’m concerned, I’d say college life is the most valuable in the following aspects .
引言部分 ：作者先说明有些学生对大学生活是否有价值产生怀疑的原因，然后开门见山地提出自己的观点，并用in the following aspects引出下文。
Time spent at a university is the most worthwhile period in a young person’s life. This is a time when a student begins to form his or her ideas about life in general. Attending classes and studying in the library keep a student busy and provide him or her with access to valuable information, adding to his or her knowledge base.
Campus life can also be rich and colorful. Most universities offer a variety of extracurricular activities such as sports events, contests, and other social gatherings, enabling the students to experience relief from study and 19
homework. Students often form lifelong friendships through various experiences during university life.
主体部分：分为三个自然段，从获取知识、结交朋友、为未来做好准备三方面说明大学生活的价值所在。这三段的结尾句都是该段的总结句，使文章的逻辑非常清晰、结构紧凑.
During the time a student spends at university, he not only develops his intellectual11 abilities, but also develops social skills as well as knowledge and wisdom necessary for choosing a future career. By learning how to balance intense study and recreation , a student will be well prepared for the challenges of future responsibilities.
Therefore, it’s only too natural to draw the conclusion that university life, if enjoyed fully and made best use of, is very rewarding in various ways.
总结部分：作者用therefore自然引出结尾 ，并用 in various ways 呼应首段的following aspects，使文章整体感很强。
亮点回放
1. celebrities:“名人” ，比使用famous people来得正式 。
2. undereducated:“受教育不足的，未受良好教育的” ，也可以用poorly educated ，该词的使用显示了作者较大的词汇量 。
3. doubt about:“对……表示怀疑” ，注意与suspect之间的区别 。
4. aspect: “方面、方位” ；常用搭配为in this aspect（在这个方面 ）。
5. worthwhile: “值得做的”；注意与worth和worthy之间的区别 ，另外worthwhile还常用于it is worthwhile to do sth.。
6. in general: “大体上、一般来说”；近义词有in the main ，generally (speaking) 。
7. add to:“增加” ；近义词为increase ，注意与add ... to和add up to的区别 。
8. base: “基地、基础、基线” ；此处也可以用foundation ，另外注意base作为形容词表示卑鄙的、不道德的”。
9. relief: “轻松、减轻”；注意与它搭配的介词是from 。
10. lifelong: “终身的” ；通常同学们都会使用all one's life来表示 “一辈子”这一概念，但用lifelong这一形容词更为简洁明了。
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11. intellectual: “智力上的、聪明的” ；还可以作名词 ，表示“知识分子”。
12. intense: “强大的、强烈的、紧张的” ；这里的意思是“紧张的” ，很多同学会误写成nervous study ，当然此处也可以用busy来替代 。
13. recreation:“娱乐” ；该词的使用体现了作者较大的词汇量 。
14. only too ... to: 一般情况的too...to结构表示“太 ……而不能”，此处加上only就变为“非常……去做……”的意思了，不过too后面所接 的词得是正面词汇，这里表示的意思是“得出以下结论是非常自然的事情”。
15. rewarding:“有报酬的、值得的、有益的”。
9.题目：Studying Abroad: Hardships and Rewards
写作要求
Nowadays more and more students choose to go abroad after they graduate from colleges and universities. They say that they bene? t a lot from it, though some people argue that there are many hardships and dif? culties. What’s your opinion about it?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Studying Abroad: Hardships and Rewards
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to
follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
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本题是一个观点选择型的题目，就目前大学生在毕业后选择 留学的利弊孰大孰小进行分析。题目可以从以下几个方面入手：
思路1：利大于弊
虽然有困难 ，但整体上利大于弊，利体现在 ：1. 教学软件硬件优异 ；2. 有利于将来就业等。
思路2 ：弊大于利
虽然有好处 ，但整体上弊大于利 ，弊体现在 ：1. 费用昂贵 ；2. 文化差异 ，难以融入其中等。
思路3 ：应具体问题具体分析 ，因人而异
留学有益 ，体现参考思路1；
留学也有弊端 ，体现参考思路2 ；
是否选择留学 ，应根据个人情况而定 。
Studying Abroad: Hardships and Rewards
There is no denying the fact that studying abroad is a hotly debated2 topic today. As far as I’m， concerned, I believe hardships and rewards coexist and people have to consider it from all sides.
引言部分：作者先提出留学是个热门话题 ，然后说明留学有利有弊应全面综合来考虑 。这表明下文将既讲利又讲弊。
Obviously, studying abroad has a number of rewards . In the ?rst place, a student can have access to advanced science and technology as well as desirable working conditions which mightnot be available at home. In the second place, he can be exposed to entirely new ideas and trends. Last but not least, by living and studying in a foreign country, one can improve his foreign language much faster than at home.
Nevertheless, as every coin has two sides, studying abroad also confronts one with a series of hardships. For one thing, learning a foreign language is far from an easy thing at the beginning for most people. For another, a completely new environment with different customs and habits may also be a barrier to overseas students, especially to the young. An added difficulty lies with ?nance: 22
it can cost a lot to study abroad.
主体部分：作者先说有几个显而易见的益处是列举观点时常用的句式。然后用“In the first
place, ... In the second place, ... Last but not least” 。nevertheless进行转折，
说明留学会让人遇到很多困难。这时列举所用的句式换为“for one thing ... for
another...”使文章更富有变化。
Therefore, studying abroad should be viewed as a two-edged sword, which
presents us with10 both bene? ts and troubles. The best policy11, as I see it, is
to take into consideration his financial conditions and his ability to adapt to new
surrounding. Personally, I’d choose to go abroad and study if I ?nd it necessary.
总结部分 ：作者概述上面所列利弊，用“a two-edged sword”来概括再恰 当不过，并提
出选择出国留学的标准应该是“take into consideration his financial conditions and
his ability to adapt to new surrounding”。
亮点回放
1. there is no denying that:“无可否认” ；还可以用undoubtedly ，without doubt
等更为简洁的表达方式 。
2. hotly debated: “被激烈讨论的” ；相当于“heavily/frequently discussed” ，但比
之要g更地道些 。
3. rewards: “奖赏、报酬 、报答” ；此处表示“回报”，近义词为“returns”。
4. have access to: “能获得”，access的形容词accessible也经常使用在be accessible
to的词组中，注意与之区别 。
5.desirable:“令人满意的，称心如意的”，另外它的反义词undesirable表示 “不尽如人意的”。
6. be exposed to: “暴露在……之下”，此处还可以用 “be faced with ，be confronted
with”等。
7. confront sb. with sth.: “使某人遭遇到 （某事 ）” ，此处注意与be exposed to
的区别 ，前者不以人为主语 ，用主动语态 ；后者以人为主语 ，用被动语态 。
8. far from: “远离” ，此处表示 “远非” ，相当于never ，但语气委婉些 。
9. barrier:“障碍” ，近义词还有 “obstacle ，block ，hardship ，setback”等 。
10. present sb. with sth.: “给某人带来某物” ，也可以用 “provide sb. with sth.” ，
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但present 显得更正式些 。 11. policy : “政策 、方针 、保险单” ，此处 “the best policy ”表示“最好的办法” ，用法地道 。 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之写作摸板--现象解释说明/结果预测型 现象解释说明/结果预测型这类题型往往是让考生分析某个社会现象背后的原因，为什么会产生这种情况，带有说明的性质，这类题型还未在近年的真题中出现过，但是有以黑马姿态出现的概率 ，也符合国际英语测试的潮流。或者也非常有可能是让考生预测某个热门社会现象可能产生的后果 ，甚至也会进一步让考生提出一些建设性措施 。关键词 ： the reasons of ...
the consequences of ...
the effective measures
典型例题
Nowadays more and more students choose to further their studies abroad, for example, in the USA or UK. What could be the possible reasons behind this social phenomenon?
In the modern society, people depend on technology more and more, such as mobile phones and the Internet. What can be the possible consequences or impacts on people’s lives?
解题思路
考生要看清题目，是解释原因，还是预测可能的结果，还是两者都要覆盖到。我们一般会在引言段交代时代背景，然后开门见山地谈本文探讨该现象的产生原因或导致的结果 。 常用模板
引言段：Recently, ... has been brought into focus... No where in history has the issue been more visible. In this essay, I aim to explore this complicated phenomenon from diverse perspectives, identify the relevant contributing factors and bring up some effective measures. (最后半句根据题 目需要取舍 ，看题 目中有没有要求提出建议措施)
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主体段.：As far as I am concerned, an array of integrated factors contributes to the... The first role that should be blamed is... Another equally important factor lies in... Last but not least, ... 总结段：As a matter of fact, ...gives rise to a host of problems, such as... Confronted with such a thorny issue, people come up with a variety of constructive 考此条 ） 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之写作摸板--个人观点表达型 countermeasures. Personally, the following is worth recommendation... （分析现象背后的原因的题目也往往会让考生给出建设性措施，可参这类题型要求考生就某一现象或观点表明自己的看法，题目中往往会出现这样的表达： My view on ...
My idea of ...
近十年来纯粹的个人观点表达型已不多见，一般都是给背景介绍和对立的观点让考生选择 ，但是我们依然要未雨绸缪，做到有备无患。重要 的是理清思路，抓住重点，这样才不至于在考试 中走得太远 。
典型真题
(1992)
My View on Reading Extensively
(1993)
My Idea of Becoming a Teacher in the Future
解题思路
很多同一看到个人观点表达型的文章就激动不已，文思如泉涌，还想进行分类讨论 ，比如，19xx年的题目，有的考生写道，小时候要多读书，广泛地读(reading extensively) ，到了本科或研究生阶段就要术业有专攻(reading selectively) ；连具体的时间节点都安排好了。这对于考场中的“烤鸭”们来说是自找麻烦，一是时间不允许，二是专四的大作文都有要求 ，写三段，You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state clearly what your view is. In the second part, support your view with appropriate reasons. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. 25
显然没有太多空间来作分类讨论。其实这类题型和前面所述的观点选择型非常接近，无非就是yes or no。比如，要么，我觉得应该广泛地涉猎 、广博地阅读 ，优势有哪些 ，一二三罗列并扩展；要么，我的观点是阅读应少而精， 有的放矢，不支持所给观点，reading extensively的弊端在哪里，摆事实讲道理。总之，不要模棱两可 ，要有明确的观点。只要有理可讲、论述合理 ，都可以成为一篇好文章。 常用模板 引言段 ：There is no consensus of (opinions/ disagreements) among people as to the view of --------. Some people suggest that --------, while some other people argue that --------. As far as I am concerned, -------- （提出 自己的论点 ）. 主体段 ：提供论据 ，证 明 自己的观点 ：First and foremost, --------. Furthermore, --------. Last but not the least important, --------. 总结段 ：To put all into a nutshell, it is natural to reach a conclusion that --------. 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之写作摸板--分析利弊/差异型
在这类题型中，考生往往被要求分析某件事情的利弊或是两件事情之间的差异 ，题干中会 明确地提到以下关键词 ：
advantages and disadvantages
merits and demerits
strengths and weaknesses
benefits and dangers
positive and negative
the importance/significance/benefits of ...
the main differences between ... and ...
典型真题
(1995)
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Nowadays it has become fashionable for college students to take a part-time job in their spare time. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this trend. (1996)
Every college student would agree that life in college is not the same as it was in the middle school. Now, you have been asked by the Student’s Union to write a passage entitled:
The Main Difference Between My College Life and My Middle School Life (1999)
We see advertisements on television everyday. Some people think that TV advertising brings us bene? ts, but others don’t think so. What is your opinion? Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television
(2000)
College life should be varied and colorful and extracurricular activities are an important aspect of it. However, at present, there is much room for improvement in this regard. Write an article to the university radio entitled: The Importance of Extracurricular Activities
Travel has become part of our life. And more and more of us have come to know the signi?cance of travel through our own experience:
Travel Broadens the Mind
(2003)
People in modern society live under a lot of pressure, from education, career or family. So it is important for them to keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.
The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood
(2008)
December 5th is International Volunteers’ Day. Since 1985, when the United Nations announced the special day, tens of millions of people around the world have volunteered to help those in need. China now has 4.5 million registered 27
volunteers that have provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. What can you gain from volunteering? Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
The Bene? ts of Volunteering
解题思路
考生要看清题目的要求，有时是需要利弊两方面都谈，有时题干中已经规定好了是写优势、重要性还是弊端。阅卷人往往希望看到考生的文章思路开阔、条理清晰，比如2008
年的题目，题干要求论述“志愿活动的好处”，主体部分可以着重论述志愿活动对社会的好处，也可以论述志愿活动给志愿者本人带来的好处，还可以兼顾两方面。构思立意时要从多个角度论述自己的观点，并对所有素材加以整合、归纳。以讨论“对志愿者自己的好处”为例，考生可以讨论如下好处：
第一，提升交际、沟通能力（包括扩大交际面，与不同的人打交道，协调不同的关系，理解不同的立场等）。
第二，提高工作能力、学以致用（主要谈对自己知识、技能的提高有什么作用，包括学校知识的运用、实际能力的提高等，注意与前面的“交际能力”有所区分）。
第三，成就感，获得心理上的满足（获得尊敬与承认，实现自我价值）。
常用模板
1. 引言段：AAA has improved the quality of our lives and is playing an important role in our daily life. The benefits that AAA brings to us are far more than its disadvantages. However, we cannot ignore its problems.
主体段：On the positive side, AAA has enabled us to (AAA 的优势1). For instance, ...Besides, (优势2). Nowadays, ... In addition, (优势3), such as ... On the negative side, (AAA的弊端1). For example, ... Besides, (弊端2). Furthermore, (弊端3).
总结段 ：All in all, we cannot live without AAA for the convenience it brings to us, but we
should also be aware of the negative effects it creates on the modern life.
2.引言段：BBB has been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life and its advantages are undeniable to us.
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主体段 ：Most importantly, (BBB 的好处1). (详细阐述) We should also focus our attention on (好处2). (详细阐述) Likewise, (好处3) is worth some words here. (详细阐述) 总结段 ：All in all, it is no denying that we cannot live without BBB. It ..., ..., and ... （再总结压缩一下BBB 的优势或重要性 ） 3.引言段 ：(复述题干背景) Comparing CCC with DDD, there do exist many differences. 主体段 ：The maj or difference lies in ... (详细阐述). There is also a difference in the aspect of ...(详细阐述) 总结段 ：To sum up, CCC and DDD are different considering ... and ... 4.引言段 ：(复述题干背景) Looking into EEE and FFF, the maj or difference is that ... 主体段 ：(因为只是 阐述主要 的差异 ，题干 中是单数 ，所 以一定要注意围绕这一点详细阐述 ） 总结段 ：Comparing EEE with FFF, there are many differences, among which the most prominent one lies in ... 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之写作摸板--解决问题/建议型
这类题型往往是给考生一个社会现象或者背景 ，让考生提出解决问题的方案 ，抑或是提建议想法，题干中的高频词汇如下 ：
one way to solve the problem
the best way to ...
ideas and suggestions
典型真题
(1998)
It is now generally accepted that vehicles (cars, trucks, etc.) are a major source of air pollution in cities. You are to suggest only ONE way to solve the problem. One Way to Solve the Problem
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(2002)
Nowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of health. And they have different ways to stay healthy. For example, some exercise every day; others try to keep a balanced diet. What do you think is the best way to stay healthy?
The Best Way to Stay Healthy
(2005)
The Students’ Union of your university is planning to hold an arts festival next semester, and they are inviting students to contribute their ideas and suggestions as to how it should be organized or what should be included. My Idea of a University Arts Festival
解题思路
我们鼓励考生应该有新的构思、多彩的想法，当然也要避讳想法新颖但却无法用英语来表达的窘境。
一般的模式是在引言段复述题干内容，直截了当提出自己的idea，点明自己即将要在后文阐述的这个建议或解决方案好在哪里，为什么特别推崇这个方案。接下来就是摆事实讲道理，最后把文章引入一个自然的总结段中即可。
常用模板
1. 问题解决型(如1998 ，2002)
引言段 ：复述题干中的背景
a. -------- has become a hot topic among people, especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their ways.
b. Recently, -------- has become the focus of the society. And in this way, people swarm to -------- and serious problems follow.
c. -------- has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but created some serious problems as well. d.Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of--------. I would like to suggest a way to solve the problem. We 30
might as well (解决 的方案). It is necessary that we do so for the following reasons. 主体段 ：For one thing, (方案的优势1). (详细阐述) For another, (方案的优势2). (详细阐述) 或者有3种以上优势和理 由的，参考使用 ： To begin with, then, furthermore, finally To start with, next, in addition, finally First and foremost, besides, last but not least Most important of all, moreover, finally 总结段 ：Above all, it is highly recommendable that we solve the problem in/through ... for its advantages of A, B and C (这里再把理 由压缩一下叙述一遍). 2. 建议型(如2005) 引言段 ：复述题干中的背景 ，I suggest that we should (把idea ，suggestion都亮 出来) 主体段 ：详细描述idea和suggestion ，阐明它们 的优势和作用 ： By doing so, we could ... It is feasible and effective for the following reasons... In this way, not only can students ..., but also they are able to ... 总结段：小结一下背景，I hope that my ideas and suggestions will contribute a lot to ... 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之范文赏析——公务员是否是理想工作
题目：Is Civil Servant an Ideal Job
写作要求
The number of applicants for civil servants has increased abruptly in recent years. Many people believe it is an appealing job, while others don’t think so. What is your opinion?
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Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Is Civil Servant an Ideal Job?
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your opinion is.
In the second part, support your opinion with appropriate details.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道观点选择型的题 目，要求对公务员这一职位做判断，可以从以下几方面入手：思路1：认为公务员的职位是理想的 ，原因可以从工作的薪酬 、稳定性 、福利和社会地位等方面来写；
思路2 ：认为公务员 的职位并不是最理想的 ，原因可以从个人与职位 的匹配度方面来说 ，也可以从公务员的职位特点来说 。
范文赏析
Is Civil Servant an Ideal Job?
Every year the number of applicants for government position vacancies increases sharply. Many people believe that being a civil servant is very nice because it can bring comparatively higher and steadier salary, better welfare, and higher social status. While others argue that a civil servant’s job often prevents one from bringing his strongpoint into full play. In my opinion, civil servant is not a wise choice for some people.
引言部分 ：作者先复述了题干所提到的现象 ，并列出了两种截然相反的观点及其理由，然后再给出自己的看法。
First, civil servant is not an ideal job for those people with active characters. A civil servant’s work is somewhat routine and boring, so an active person may not stand doing almost the same work day after day and year after year. That’s 32
why some civil servants choose to leave their positions after several years. Second, working for the government is not a good choice for those people with creative talents. These people can do much better and contribute more in a creative profession, such as becoming a painter or a composer. And I cannot imagine what a tragedy it will be if a talented dancer puts away her beloved dance shoes, or a mathematician leaves his lovely numbers, just to rush for a high-paying position of civil servants.
主体部分：作者说明公务员的职位对两种人不适合—— 性格活跃的人和搞创作工作的人 。这主要是通过对公务员职位特点的分析来说明这些人公务员的职位不匹配，因而对这些人来说，公务员的职位并不是理想的工作。
All of this being said, civil servant positions are not suitable for some people, and the best policy for choosing a job should be based on one’s personality, interest and talent, so careful consideration should be taken before applying for these jobs.
总结部分 ：根据上面的论述，公务员职位对有些人来说并不合适，然后作者提出了一个选工作的标准：根据自身性格、兴趣和才能来选择，对文章主题进行了引申。
亮点回放
1. applicants: “申请人” ；在讲 申请工作的求职者时 ，还可以用以下单词 ：j ob seeker （求职者 ），j ob hunter （求职者 ），candidate （候选人 ，应试者 ），interviewee （参加面试的人 ），contender （竞争者 ）等 。
2. vacancies:“空缺” ，这里指工作 ，与下文的position ，j ob ，profession为近义词 。
3. comparatively: “比较地 ，相对地” ；这里也可以用relatively来代替 。
4. argue : “争论 ” ，这里表示“认为 ” ，近义词有think ，b elieve ，hold ，maintain，consider ，regard ，insist等 。
5. strongpoint:“优点 ，长处” ；有时候可以和advantage ，merit替换 。
6. somewhat: “稍微 ，有些” ；近义词为a little bit 。
7. routine:“常规的，乏味的” ；近义词有regular ，tedious ，monotonous等 。
8. stand: “忍受” ；近义词有bear ，put up with ，tolerate等 。
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9. put away: “放好” ，这里表示“放弃” ，比give up更生动形象 。 10. beloved: “心爱的” ；也可以用favourite ，treasured ，dear来代替 。 11. rush for: “冲向” ；这里表示“急忙赶着去 申请”的意思 。 12. all of this being said : “综上所述”，用在结尾段落 ，起概述上文的连接作用 ，与in summary ，in brief等所起 的作用一样 。 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之写作摸板--观点选择型A/B 这类题型是给出两种选择 ，让考生选择观点表达。题目要么直接给出A or B的选项，要么在题干中叙述有的人认为如何如何，另外的人持有怎样的观点，然后问考生支持哪种观点。 典型真题
(2004)
Nowadays young people tend to phone more often than write to each other. So some say that
phones will kill letter writing. What is your opinion?
Will Phones Kill Letter Writing?
(2006)
Recently, a Beijing information company did a survey of student life among more than 700 students in Beijing, Guangzhou, Xi’an, Chengdu, Shanghai, Wuhan, Nanjing and Shenyang . The results have shown that 67 percent of students think that saving money is a good habit while the rest believe that using tomorrow’s money today is better. What do you think?
(2007)
Nowadays the Internet has become part of people’s life, and millions of young people have made friends online.
Is It Wise to Make Friends Online?
(2009)
Tourism is a booming business in China. However, some people worry that too 34
many tourists may bring harm to the environment, while others don’t think so. What is your opinion? Write on
ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Will Tourism Bring Harm to the Environment?
(2010)
It was recently reported in a newspaper that six students who shared a dorm at a local university hired a cleaner to do laundry and cleaning once a week. And each of them paid her 60 yuan a month. This has led to a heated debate as to whether college students should hire cleaners. Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Should College Students Hire Cleaners?
(2011)
Recently, government agencies in some big cities have been studying the possibility of putting a “pollution tax” on private cars. The amount of tax private car owners would have to pay depends on the emission levels, i.e. engine or vehicle size. This has caused quite a stir among the public. Some regard it as an effective way to control the number of cars and reduce pollution in the city. But others don’t think so. What is your opinion?
Should Private Car Owners Be Taxed for Pollution?
解题思路
处理观点选择型的文章时，首先考生要在引言段客观地介绍不同的两种观点，即将原题复述，此处注意切勿照抄题干。然后考生需要亮明自己的观点。英文写作和中文写作的一个很大的区别在于 ：中文写作喜欢水到渠成，直到最后才透露观点 ；然而英文写作却往往开门见山 ，在文章的首段就讲明自己的观点 ，接着是主体段落，介绍理由。建议大家要每个理由写主题句，让阅卷人一目了然，使文章结构更加清晰。最后是总结段，简要地重申观点和论述概要 。
常用模板
1. 引言段 ：(复述原题)Quite a few hold that ___(A观点)_____, but others, in contrast, regard ___(B观点)_____ as the premier choice. In my view, I believe 35
that ___(A观点)____ for the following three reasons. 主体段 ：First and foremost, ___(理由1)___. (然后举例或详述) In addition, ___(理由2)___. (然后举例或详述) Last but not the least important, ____(理由3)___. (然后举例或详述) 总结段 ：In a word, (重复观点句并缩写理 由). Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that___(A观点)_____. 2. 引言段 ：Nowadays the society is faced with a problem of (简述题干中的社会现象), which has aroused heated discussions. Some people would claim that ___(A观点)____, while others hold that ___(B观点)_____ and that is also my point. There are numerous reasons why___(B观点)________, and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here. 主体段 ：The main reason is that_____(理由1)____ . (然后举例或详述) There is another factor that deserves our attention. _____(理由2)____. (然后举例或详述) 总结段 ：To sum up, I firmly believe in ___(B观点)_____, (缩写理由). 亲爱的考生们 ，虽然编者在此书中给出了模板 ，但是大家一定要铭记在心的是，模板只是参考，语言表达千千万万、丰富多彩 ，千万不要束缚了自己。在符合用语习惯和语法准则的情况下，可以有各种表达。比如，在描述自己有两个理由支持观点的时候，也完全可以用Firstly, ... Secondly, ... 或者For one thing, ... For another, ... 。如 ：For one thing, I don t have any interest in that movie; for another, I have no time. 不过按照用法 ，不能使用On he one hand, ... On the other hand, ... 因为这个短语用于描述对立的两方面 ，如 ：On the one hand, he complains that he is lonely; on the other hand, he won t come to parties with me. 只要是符合用语习惯 ，在已有基本模板的情况下 ，可以变出百种千种文字的表达 ，一句话 ，使用模板要“抓大放小” ！ 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之范文赏析——对工作的选择
题目：My Choice for Job
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写作要求
A recent survey shows that people who get higher salaries generally work longer hours than those who get lower salaries. Some people choose higher-paying jobs while others would rather take up lower-paying job with short hours. Which one would you choose when you graduate?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
My Choice for Job
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your idea OR describe your idea. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道个人观点表达型的题目，表明自己会选择什么类型的工作：高薪但工作时间长的工作还是低薪但工作时间短的工作 。在写法上 ，应该是先做 出选择 ，然后给出理由：
1. 如果选择高薪，理由可以写 ：⑴ 高薪通常意味着高难度 ，应勇于接受挑战 ；⑵ 趁年轻，为未来做累积……
2. 如果选择低薪，理由可以写 ：⑴ 钱不是万能的，身体健康更重要 ；⑵ 工作不应是生活的全部 ，只有休息得好才能工作得更好 ……
范文赏析
My Choice for Job
Work is an important part of people’s life as they have to devote their prime time to it. What kind of job to choose has therefore aroused heated discussion. Some people favor higher-paying jobs with longer work time, but others, in contrast, think otherwise . In my view, I will choose a lower- paying one for the following 37
reasons.
引言部分：作者先说明工作很重要，因此选择什么样的工作是个热议的话题。在给出两种不同的观点后，作者给出了自己的观点：选择低薪但工作时间短的工作。
One important reason is that money is not that all-mighty and doesn’t necessarily ensure happiness and well-being. It’s true that money can buy a lot of things, yet it can not replace the feelings when we are with our families and friends which requires more time. If we work longer hours and spare little and even no time for our aging parents, we will regret for our rest life when they are gone.
Another equally important factor that supports my choice is my belief that health is more important than work and money. The jobs that pay well tend to be high-demanding and require full devotion. In other words, health is sacrificed as they have little, if any, time for exercises or even normal meals. As a result, people may suffer from various diseases and even die young from overwork, as is reported in many newspapers.
主体部分：在主体部分里，作者给出了两个理由说明自己的选择：钱不是万能的，与家人朋友相处很重要；健康更重要。这里主要运用的论述手法是逻辑推理、正反论述、举例说 明，论述手法的多样性增强了文章的说服力，使文章更为紧凑。
To sum up, money and work are important, but they are not as important as health and time with one’s families and friends. Therefore, I prefer to take up a job with shorter hours even if it pays less.
总结部分：作者先概述了上面所给出的理由，然后用therefore自然地重申了自己的观点。 亮点回放
1. prime time: “黄金时段” ；此处还可以使用golden age来替换 。
2. favor: “偏爱 ，支持” ；在这里表示选择工作 ，与下文的choose ，take up为近义词 。
3. higher-paying: “高薪的” ；a higher-paying j ob与下文的a j ob that pays well为近义词 ，相对应 的反义词为a lower-paying j ob和a j ob that pays less。
4. think otherwise: “不这样认为” ；比同学们常用的have other/different/various opinions要 更为简练。
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5. all-mighty: “万能的” ；此处近义词为omnipotent ，powerful ，influential等 。 6. ensure: “确保” ；注意与insure ，assure和reassure的区别 。 7. spare: “抽出 （时间、精力等 ）” ，表示这个意思时 ，常用搭配为spare time for sb. （抽 出时间陪某人 ）。 8. aging: “变老的” ；比简单使用old更能体现变老这个过程 。 9. high-demanding: “高要求 的” ；此处可以使用challenging来代替 。 10. in other words: “换句话说” ；也可以使用to put it in another way来代替 。 11. if any: “如果有的话” ；常用作插入语 ，是if there is any 的缩略形式 ，表示一种让步。 12. die young from overwork : “在还很年轻 的时候就过劳死” ，也可以译为 “因工作劳累英年早逝”。“过劳死”也可以直接用karoshi来表示 。 13. take up : 该词有很多意思 ，此处表示 “从事 （某工作 ）” ，与上文的favor和choose为近 义词 。 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之范文赏析——毕业后的选择
题目：Choices After Graduation
写作要求
According to a survey, there are three main choices for college students after graduation:
?nding a job, pursuing further study by taking the postgraduate entrance exam or going abroad, and the other miscellaneous options. And the percentages for each choice is 50%, 47% and 3%. What are the possible reasons behind it? And what’s your suggestion for graduate students to make the choice?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Choices after Graduation
You are to write in three parts.
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In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your idea OR describe your idea. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道现象解释说 明/结果预测型的题目，要求分析为什么大学生毕业后只有一
半人去找工作，其他人选择去考研、出国留学或者其他，并发表自己的观点。文章可以从以下方面着手 ：
1. 从原因方面来说 ：可以分述这些选项的优缺点 ，但重点应该放在就业困难 、考研和出国留学的优势上，至于其他选项，可以忽略 ；
2. 从个人观点来说 ：可以建议毕业生考虑个人的经济状况 、学习兴趣和适应能力等来选择 ，而不要盲目地跟随别人来做选择 。
范文赏析
Choices After Graduation
A recent survey shows that only half of the graduate students will choose to find a job while 47% of them (an increasing percentage) , will pursue further study . This change has brought the issue into focus and made it more prominent. From my perspective, the following factors can account for the choices of graduates.
引言部分 ：作者先对题干内容做了一个概述，并用from my perspective引出自己的观点。
First and foremost, with the enrollment extension of universities, college graduates are facing the severe employment situation, which forces them to ?nd another way out. And staying in universities, at home or abroad, could help them out for the time being. Besides, in today’s information age, knowledge is updated very rapidly. Many college students find that their knowledge is not enough for their future career. Therefore, further study becomes their ?rst 40
choice. Last but not least, some college students would not like to enter the complicated society and want to escape from the reality temporarily by going to further study.
主体部分 ：作者列举了三个原因——就业形势严峻、知识更新快和逃避现实—— 来说明为什么越来越多的毕业生选择考研或者出国留学，并分别使用了first and foremost，besides和last but not least来衔接。
From my point of view, one’s choice after graduation should be based on his individual condition. Though taking the postgraduate entrance exam or going abroad for further study is a good choice, it is not necessarily true of everyone, because it might involve many factors, such as the future career direction and economic condition. Therefore, we should take a full account before we make our decisions.
总结部分 ：在说明原因的基础 ，作者用from my point of view 再次引入自己的观点，说明毕业生应根据自身情况来做出选择。
亮点回放
1. pursue further study: “进行深造”；此处也可以将further用作动词 ，改成further their study来表示同样的意思。另外pursue也常用其名词形式pursuit ，常用搭配为in pursuit of。
2. bring ... into focus: “使 ……成为关注的焦点”。
3. prominent: “显著的，突出的” ；此处近义词为visible ，noticeable ，obvious。
4.enrollment: “登记 ，注册” ；这里的enrollment extension是指 “扩大招生”。
5. way out:“出路 ，摆脱 困境 的办法” ；此处还可以用solution来代替 。
6. for the time being:“暂时” ；与下文的temporarily是近义词 。
7. update:“更新 、升级” ；也可以用renew来替代 。
8. complicated: “错综复杂的，艰深的”。
9. be true of: “适用于 ，符合于”。
10. take a full account : “充分考虑”；近义词为consider fully/ carefully，take a full consideration等。
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冲击波英语专四系列：作文之范文赏析——国家公务员考试 题目：Test for National Civil Servants
写作要求
In recent years, there is a trend of people taking the test for national civil servants, and among them a large percentage is the high-educated. What do you think are the reasons behind this craze? And what’s your view of this craze? Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Test for National Civil Servants
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your idea OR describe your idea. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是现象解释说 明/结果预测型的题目，探讨为什么那么多人（尤其是高知识人群）选择考公务员 ，并给出自己的观点。可以从以下几方面着手：
1. 原因方面 ：可以从考生的角度来讲 ，也可以从公务员的特点来讲，还可以从社会舆论趋势来讲 ，当然也可以综合起来讲；
2. 观点方面 ：可以说明自己认为是否应该跟随这一热潮并简单说明理由，也可以说明自己对这一现象的未来趋势的看法并简单说明理由。
范文赏析
Test for National Civil Servants
In recent years, there have been more and more people who have participated 42
in the test for national civil servants. And among them, the highly-educated, like masters and doctors, take quite a large percentage. The craze in civil servant test has attracted widespread attention. Personally , among all the factors that account for this trend, the following are worth mentioning.
引言部分 ：作者先交代背景知识 ，注意这里不是照搬题干的内容，而是换种说法（如果题 干部分的内容较多，可以进行简单的概述 ），然后用personally引出自己的观点。
Above all, nowadays college students face great employment pressure. Civil servant, as one of the most stable professions in today’s China, becomes their preferable choice. Moreover, in recent years, the welfare and salary of civil servants have been improved greatly, which undoubtedly attracts many people. Besides, the high social status of civil servants is an important factor drawing many people to take part in the civil servant test.
主体部分：作者从学生的就业压力、公务员的福利薪资和社会地位三个方面说明国考热的原 因。连接词分别使用了above all ，moreover和besides ，当然也可以使用firstly，secondly ，and lastly等。
In my opinion, this fad in civil servant test will continue in the following years. However, in the long run, it doesn’t do good to the development of the nation. If most high quality talents gather in the government departments, it might lead to a waste of resources. Therefore, both the individuals and the government should have a more objective recognition of the civil servant test craze.
总结部分 ：作者用in my opinion来引出自己对国考热的预测：国考热会继续，但是从长期 的角度来说，对国家的发展是不利的，因此政府和个人都应该更客观地看待这个事情。整个文章都体现了一种客观的思考 ，文风正式稳健。
亮点回放
1. the highly-educated : “受过高等教育的人”；近义词可以用people receiving higher education ，反义词为the poorly-educated。
2. craze:“狂热 ，风 尚” ；下文 中还用了几个近义词trend ，fad ，使文章富有变化性 。
3. personally : “就个人而言” ；常用 的近义词有from my perspective ，in my view ，from my point of view ，as far as I m concerned等 。
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4. account for: “说明（原因 ）”；此处还可以使用be responsible for ，explain等 。 5. stable: “稳定 的” ；常用于词组long-term peace and stability （长治久安 ）。 6. preferable: “更好 的，更合意的” ；此处也可以使用desirable来替换 。 7. social status: “社会地位” ；status还常用于词组financial status （ 财务状况 ）, marital status （婚姻状况 ）等 。 8. fad: “时尚，一时的狂热” ；与上文的craze ，trend为近义词 。 9. in the long run: “长期来说”；近义词可以用in the long term，反义词为in the short run 。 10. talent: “人才” ；也可以用talented people或people of talent来替代 。 11. recognition:“承认，认识”；此处也可以用understanding来替代 。 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之范文赏析——大学生创业
题目：College Students Starting Their Own Undertakings
写作要求
Nowadays many college students choose to start their own undertakings after graduation and this practice is encouraged by the government. What are the possible reasons behind this phenomenon? What’s your view of it?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
College Students Starting Their Own Undertakings
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your idea OR describe your idea. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. 44
Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是现象解释说明/结果预测型的题目，探讨为什么那么多大学生要创业，并给出自己的观点。可以从以下几方面着手：
1. 关于原因方面 ，可以正面说明，或者给出创业会带来哪些好处 ；
2. 关于自己的观点方面 ，先表明态度 ，是赞成还是反对 ，然后简单给出理由。 范文赏析
College Students Starting Their Own Undertakings
Nowadays there are many college students who choose to start their own undertakings instead of ?nding a job after graduation. The government encourages this practice, and provides many preferential policies and facilitation measures for college students. As far as I’m concerned, an array of integrated factors contributes to this.
引言部分 ：作者先提出大学生毕业后不去找工作而是选择创业这个现象，然后用as far as I’m concerned 引出自己的看法 。
The ?rst factor that should be mentioned is that college students are facing severe employment situations. Many college graduates couldn’t find ideal jobs, which forces them to set up their own businesses. Another equally important factor is that some ambitious college students are not satisfied with being employed by others. They want to develop and prove their talents by running their own companies.Besides, the government’s encouragement and the media’s reports on college students venture stars have stimulated more college students’ enthusiasm to take this way.
主体部分：在主体部分，作者陈述了三个原因，分别使用了the first fact or，an oth er equ ally important factor和besides 来连接这三个原因。
As for me, it is a good choice for college students to start their own undertakings. However, it is a very difficult cause, which needs firm determination, clear mind, the ability to endure hardship and a feasible project. Therefore, they should think it over and make full preparation before deciding to start their own businesses.
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总结部分 ：作者用as for me来引出自己的观点，与首段不同；作者认为创业是个不错的选择，但是应仔细考虑并做周全的准备。 亮点回放 1. undertaking : “事业 ，企业 ，保证”；此处作 “企业”解 ，文中表示“创业 ”的表达 方式很多 ：start their own undertakings ，set up their own businesses ，running their own companies ，start their own businesses等 。近义词的使用使文章不单调，充满变化性。 2. practice : “练习，习惯，业务”；此处表示 “做法 ” ，常用的搭配还有international practice（国际惯例 ），best practice（最优方法 ）等 。 3. preferential: “优先的，特惠的”；此处也可以使用favorable terms来表示“优惠条件”。 4. facilitation measure: “便利性措施”。 5. an array of: “一系列的”；近义词还有a series of ，a number of ，a set of等 。 6. integrated: “综合的，整合的”；这里指“综合性 的因素”。 7. ambitious: “野/雄心勃勃的” ；此处也可以用enterprising （有事业心的，有进取心的 ） 来代替 。 8. run : 通常同学们只用该词的常用意思 “跑 ” ，此处表示 “经营 ，运 营” ，近义词为operate ，manage等 。 9. stimulate: “刺激 ，激励” ；此处可以用motivate ，inspire ，rouse来替代 。 10. cause: 常用作动词，此处作名词，表示“事业 ，事情”，也可以简单地使thing来表示。 11. determination: “决心” ；通常考生会使用make up one’s mind来表示 “下定决心做某事”，但是determination 的使用更为正式 。 12. feasible: “可行的” ；此处也可以使用reasonable ，practicable ，workable ，achievable等。 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之范文赏析——在校打工
题目：Work While Study
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写作要求
In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are still students. Do you think this is a good idea? Support your opinion by using speci? c reasons and details.
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Work While Study
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道观点选择型A/B 的题 目，论述在校青少年打工是否适合 ，本题可以从 以下 两方面入手 ：
思路1：青少年应该打工虽然打工会 占用他们 的时间 ，但也可以为他们带来好处 ：1……2……3……
思路2 ：青少年不应该打工虽然打工会有一定 的益处 ，但是弊端更多 ：1……2……3…… 范文赏析
Work While Study
In many countries it is common for teenagers to take part-time jobs while they are still in high school, while in other societies this is virtually unheard of. n my opinion, students bene?t more from a more balanced lifestyle, which may include working at a part-time job. Therefore, I believe that it is a good idea for students to work while studying.
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引言部分：作者先提出这个争议的话题 ，并开门见山地亮出自己的观点：青少年打工是有益的。
While it is true that a student’s most important goal must be to learn and to do well at his studies, it does not need to be the only goal. In fact, a life which consists of only study is not balanced and may cause the student to miss out on other valuable learning experiences. In addition to bringing more balance to a student’s life, part-time work can broaden his range of experience. He will have the opportunity to meet people from all walks of life and will be faced with8 a wider variety of problems to solve. Furthermore, work helps a student to develop greater independence, and earning his own pocket money can teach him how to handle his finances. Finally, a part-time job can help a student to develop a greater sense of responsibility, both for his own work and for that of the team he works with.
主体部分 ：作者采取了欲扬先抑的做法 ：先肯定学生的主要任务是学习，然后驳斥那种把学习当作学生惟一目标的观点，并列举了学生打工可以目标的观点，并列举了学生打工可以列举法的配合使用使作者的观点非常有说服力。
For all of these reasons, I ?rmly believe that most students would bene? t from taking a part-time job while they are in high school. Of course, they must be careful not to let it take up too much of their time because study is still their primary responsibility.
总结部分 ： 作者用for all of these reasons 做承上启下的连接，并再次重申自己的观点 ：只要不占用太多时间，打工是个益处多多的事情。
亮点回放
1. virtually: “几乎 、实际上” ；近义词有nearly ，almost ，practically ，nearly和almost是常用词 ，virtually和practically更为书面些 ，同学们在写作时可以尽量使用后两者 。
2. unheard of: “没听说过的” ；这里要注意hear of （听说 ）和hear about （听到 ）之间的区别 。
3. balanced: “平衡 的、均衡 的、和谐 的” ；常用搭配有balanced diet/life/development 。
4. consist of: “包括” ；近义词有be composed of ，be made up of。
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5. miss out on: “错失 、错过” ；此处很多同学会误用成miss ，该词的使用能体现出作者对词组的良好把握 。 6. broaden : “扩大、变宽” ；常用搭配为broaden the road/experience/vision （拓宽道路、增广见识 、开阔视野 ）。 7. all walks of life: “各行各业”；people from all walks of life表示 “来 自各行各业的人”。 8. be faced with: “面对” ；相当于have to face或者be confronted wih 。 9. finance: 财源、资产” ；该词 的使用能体现出作者较大的词汇量 。 10. take up : “占去” ；近义词为occupy ，注意这里很多同学会误用成take。 11. primary: “首要的、初级的” ；这里表示首要的，这里的primary responsibility与上段中提到的only goal其实是同一个意思，不过使用不同的表述方式能使文章富有变化。此处的primary也可以用chief，major，sole等替换。 冲击波英语专四系列：作文之范文赏析——大学生当村官
题目：College Graduates Work as Village Officials
写作要求
Nowadays, while many college graduates ? ght ? ercely for a position in big cities, some of them choose to leave big cities for the countryside and work as village of? cials. What in your mind are the possible bene? ts of this choice?
Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
College Graduates Work as Village Of?cials
You are to write in three parts.
In the ? rst part, state speci? cally what your idea is.
In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a 49
summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
审题思路
本题是一道分析利弊/差异型的题目，说明大学生毕业后去当村官有什么好处 ，可以按以下思路展开 ：
先对这种现象表示肯定，是一个必然的趋势，然后列举大学生为乡村带去的好处（新概念 、新技术等 ）以及大学生从这种工作中得到的收获（更广阔的发展空间、人生价值的实现等 ）。 范文赏析
College Graduates Work as Village Of?cials
Today the issue how college graduates should choose their careers has aroused public concern. Some time ago, it was reported that some college graduates chose to work as village of?cials. To this people’s attitudes differ sharply. Some hold the positive view while others are against it. As far as I am concerned, I believe that it is a wise choice.
引言部分：作者提出这样一个现象：有些大学生毕业后选择当村官，对此人们看法不一，并直接说明自己的观点：这是明智的选择。
On the one hand, college graduates can contribute a lot to the development of the countryside. Firstly they can apply their professional knowledge there. Secondly, they can introduce new concepts to the countryside and speed the development of rural culture. As a result, the gap between the city and the countryside can well be bridged.
On the other hand, these graduates can bene?t a lot from working as village officials. While too many college graduates are ? ghting fora handful of positions in big cities, these graduates can ?nd themselves a wider stage of development and realize their value.
主体部分：这部分分两段从两个方面分析。先说明大学生对乡村的发展有贡献（采用总分总的结构），然后说明大学生当村官也能为自己找到更广阔的发展平台（采用对比的手法 ）。不同的手法使文章富有变化，不单一。
Therefore, collegegraduates working as village of?cials is a win-win choice and 50
more graduates should be encouraged to work in the countryside.
总结部分：作者用 therefore自然地带出结论：这是个双赢的选 ，应受到鼓励。这与首段观点呼应。
亮点回放
1. arouse public concern: “引起公众 的关注” ；此句也可以写成People are concerned about how college graduates should choose their careers. 不过本文的写法更为正式些 ，另外public也可以用popular替换 。
2. differ sharply : “有很大/ 明显 的区别 ” ；此句 同学们通常写成 ：different people may have/hold different attitudes/opinion about this相 比之下 ，本文的写法更简洁正式些 。
3. wise: “智慧的、明智 的” ，常见搭配为a wise choice。
4. contribute a lot to: “非常有助于……/对 ……有很大帮助”；近义词可以用help a lot或者be a great help to。
5. apply: 此处表示 “应用、使用” ，比简单地使用use更能体现出作者对词汇的灵活把握 。
6. introduce: 常用作介绍 ，此处表示引进新 的概念 。
7. gap: “裂缝 、缺 口、差距”；常用于 “代沟、城乡差距 、贫富差距 （generation gap ，the gap between the city and the countryside ，the gap between the poor and the rich ）”等词组中。
8. bridge: 常用作名词 ，此处作动词用 ，表示 “缩短……之间的差距” ，非常形象生动。
9. fight for: “为……奋斗、争斗” ，此处近义词为compete for 。
10. a handful of: “少量的” ；比简单地使用a few要来得形象生动。
11. win-win: “双赢的” ，常用的搭配为a win-win situation/choice。
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