The illustrations below show how chocolate is produced.

           Summarise the informaiton by selecting and reporting the main features.

 

【高分范文及深度点评】

The diagram shows the stages in the process of making chocolate.【所有的小作文第一句话都要用一般现在时。流程图必备三个词：process：整个过程, stage：阶段，step：步骤】

Chocolate comes from the cacao tree, which is grown in parts of South America, Africa and Indonesia.【开头不能冲上来就直接介绍cacao tree，而是通过主题词chocolate引出，否则显得太唐突】【流程图特点之一：介 绍过程要使用一般现在时】【流 程图特点之二：大量使用定语从句，将有关联的两句话连接。】【流程图特点之三：大量使用被动语态】The tree produces large red pods which contain white cocoa beans.  Firstly,【流程图特点之四：使用一些表示顺序的连接词】when the pods are ripe, they are harvested, the beans are removed and they are fermented for several days in large wooden boxes.【三个句子的并列：“句子A，句子B and 句子C”。】During the fermenting process, the beans turn brown.【流程图特点之五：要 适当地添加个别图中没有交代但能从图片中直接读出来的的一些内容，否则可能达不到字数要求。但是一定要把握尺度，千万不要加上自己的主观观点，否则会扣 分】

Next, the brown beans are spread in the sun to dry. They are then put in large sacks and transported by train or lorry. After this, the beans are taken to a chocolate factory where they are roasted in an oven at temperatures of between 250 and 350 degree Celsius.

After being roasted, the beans are crushed and the outer shell is removed. This part is not needed for making chocolate. Finally, the inner part of the bean is pressed and liquid chocolate is produced.

第二篇：雅思小作文

一、TASK1图表写作套句精选

1. the table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to... 该表格描述了在...年至...年间...数量的变化。

2. the bar chart illustrates that...

该柱状图展示了...

3. the graph provides some interesting data regarding...

该图为我们提供了有关...的有趣数据。

4. the diagram shows (that)...

该图向我们展示了...

5. the pie graph depicts (that)....

该饼图揭示了...

6. this is a cure graph which describes the trend of...

这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。

7. the figures/statistics show (that)...

数据（字）表明...

8. the tree diagram reveals how...

该树型图向我们揭示了如何...

9. the data/statistics show (that)...

该数据（字）可以这样理解...

10. the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that...

这些数据资料令我们得出结论...

11. as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table... 如图所示...

12. according to the chart/figures...

根据这些表（数字）...

13. as is shown in the table...

如表格所示...

14. as can be seen from the diagram, great changes have taken place in... 从图中可以看出，...发生了巨大变化。

15. from the table/chart/diagram/figure, we can see clearly that...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that...

从图表中我们可以很清楚（明显）地看到...

16. this is a graph which illustrates...

这个图表向我们展示了...

17. this table shows the changing proportion of a & b from...to...

该表格描述了...年到...年间a与b的比例关系。

18. the graph, presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in... 该图以饼图形式描述了...总的趋势。

19. this is a column chart showing...

这是个柱型图，描述了...

20. as can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of... 如图所示，两条曲线描述了...的波动情况。

21. over the period from...to...the...remained level.

在...至...期间，...基本不变。

22. in the year between...and...

在...年到...期间...

23. in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998...

19xx年至1998的三年里...

24. from then on/from this time onwards...

从那时起...

25. the number of...remained steady/stable from (month/year) to (month/year). ...月（年）至...月（年）...的数量基本不变。

26. the number sharply went up to...

数字急剧上升至...

27. the percentage of...stayed the same between...and...

...至...期间...的比率维持不变。

28. the figures peaked at...in (month/year)

...的数目在...月（年）达到顶点，为...

29. the percentage remained steady at...

比率维持在...

30. the percentage of...is slightly larger/smaller than that of...

...的比例比...的比例略高（低）。

31. there is not a great deal of difference between...and...

...与...的区别不大。

32. the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of...

该图表表明...的数目增长了三倍。

33. ...decreased year by year while...increased steadily.

...逐年减少，而...逐步上升。

34. the situation reached a peak (a high point at) of [%].

...的情况（局势）到达顶（高）点，为...百分点。

35. the figures/situation bottomed out in...

数字（情况）在...达到底部。

36. the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.

数字（情况）达到底部（低谷）。

37. a is ...times as much/many as b.

a是b的...倍。

38. a increased by...

a增长了...

39. a increased to...

a增长到...

40. high/low/great/small/ percentage.

比例高（低）

41. there is an upward trend in the number of...

...数字呈上升趋势。

42. a considerable increase/decrease occurred from...to...

...到...发生急剧上升。

43. from...to...the rate of decrease slows down.

从...到...，下降速率减慢。

44. from this year on, there was a gradual decline / reduction in the..., reaching a figure of...

从这年起，...逐渐下降至...

45. be similar to...

与...相似

46. be the same as...

与...相同

47. there are a lot similarities/differences between...and... ...与...之间有许多相似（不同）之处

48. a has something in common with b

a于b有共同之处。

49. the difference between a and b lies in...

a与b之间的差别在于...

50. … (year) witnessed/saw a sharp rise in...

...年...急剧上升。

二、图形种类及概述法

泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 饼图：pie chart

柱形图：bar chart / histogram

趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram

表格图：table

流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram

程序图：processing/procedures diagram

以下是一些较为常用的描述用法：

The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that)

According to the table/chart diagram/graph

As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph

As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures, Figures/statistics show (that)...

It can be seen from the figures/statistics

We can see from the figures/statistics

It is clear from the figures/statistics

It is apparent from the figures/statistics

Table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) ...

Table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how

三、data的具体表达法

data在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time

在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time

持续变化的data在不同情况下：

增加：increase / raise / rise / go up ...

减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall ...

波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ...

稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off ...

最常用的两种表达法：

动词 + 副词形式（Verb + Adverb form）

形容词 + 名词形式（Adjective + Noun form）

1. Verb + Adverb form

The number of XXX

+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate...

+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly...

+from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)

2. Adjective + Noun form

There was +

a sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight +increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation（注意：上述很多词不可用于修饰fluctuation）

+in the number of XXX from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)

描述稳定的data:

The number of XXX remained steady/stable from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)

The number of XXX stayed the same from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)

There was little change / hardly any change / no change in the number of XXX from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)

描述不同状态的data:

Noun form:

steady drop / sharp rise peak / dramatic fall / sharp drop

Verbal form:

(to) bottom out / (to) reach the bottom / (to) increase gradually / (to) reach a plateau / (to) remain steady

描述the highest point以及the lowest point:

【高点极值】：

The monthly profit / The figures / The situation ...

+peaked in (月份/年) <准确时间点用at XXX> at XXX% / XXX(极点data) 或者reached a peak / a high point at XXX% / XXX(极点data)

【低点极值】：

XXX bottomed out / reached

+rock / the bottom / a low point

或者hit a trough

此外，在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctional words/sentences, 朗阁海外考试研究中心总结出最常用的固定搭配如下：

并列：as well as(句首/中), also, as well(句尾), either, neither, too, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides, what's more, apart from ... 举例：for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, in particular, particularly, especially

事实：as a matter of fact, in fact, actually, as long as, so long as ... 雷同/近似：similarly, likewise(句首/尾), at the same time, equally ...

转折：however, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, though, although, even though, while, yet, on the contrary, contrarily, in contrast, conversely, on the other hand, unlikely, in stead (of), in spite of, despite of ...

原因与结果：

1. cause-suggestion (几乎不常用)

since / now that ...; I hope that...

because of/on account of/owing to/thanks to + (doing) sth, I hope that...

2. cause-effect (较常用)

XXX lead to / bring about / result in/ account for ...

(一个句子), therefore / thus / hence / as a result / consequently / (and) so ...

3. effect-cause (较常用)

XXX be caused by / result from / be the result of / be the effect of / be the consequence of ...

(一个句子), because ...

it is adj. that ...

it is unimaginable that ...

it is undeniable that ...

it is interesting to discover that ...

四、其它相关常用词（组）

1. 主章开头

图表类型：table; chart; diagram; graph; column chart; pie graph

描述：show; describe; illustrate; can be seen from; clear; apparent; reveal; represent

内容：figure; statistic; number; percentage; proportion

2. 表示数据

一般：have 10%; at 10%; over 10%

最高（低）点：peaked; reached a peak / high point

bottomed out; reached the bottom

变化：recover 略有回升；increase; jump; rise/rose; climb

decrease; fall/fell; drop; decline; reduce

fluctuate 浮动，摇摆不定

remained steady/stable; stay the same; little/hardly any /no change 变化程度：sudden/suddenly 突然的，意外的

rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的

dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的，生动的

significant/significantly 有意义的，重大的，重要的

sharp/sharply 锐利的，明显的，急剧的

steep/steeply 急剧升降的

steady/steadily 稳固的，坚定不移的

gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的

slow/slowly 缓慢的，不活跃的

slight/slightly 轻微的、略微地

stable/stably 稳定的

表示范围：from XXX to XXX; between XXX and XXX; for XXX to XXX多长时间直到

表示程度：almost adv. 几乎，差不多

nearly adv. 几乎，密切地

approximately adv. 近似的，大约

about adv. 附近，大约，转向，左右，周围

just over 刚超过

over adv. 结束，越过，从头到尾

exactly adv. 正确地，严密地

precisely adv. 正好，精确地；清晰地

比例：20 percent 20%

one in three 1/3

one out of every four 1/4

3. 其它在描述中常用到的词

significant changes 图中一些较大变化

noticeable trend 明显趋势

during the same period 在同一时期

grow/grew 增长

distribute 分布，区别

unequally 不相等地

pronounced 明显的

average 平均

no doubt 无疑地

corresponding adj. 相应的，通讯的

represent vt. 阐述，表现

overall 总体上讲

except 除外

in the case of adv. 在...的情况下

in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在...方面

in contrast 相反，大不相同

in conclusion adv. 最后，总之

in comparison 相比之下

inversely adv. 相反地，倒转地

in general 通常，大体上，一般而言

range from 从…到…

excessive adj. 过多的，过分的，额外

lower v. 降低，跌落

elapse vi.（时间）过去，消逝

category n. 种类

government policy 政府政策

market forces 市场规律

measure n. 尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，调节

forecast n. 先见，预见 v. 预测

雅思流程图

流程图的特点:

1. 找到流程图的过程，起点，终点。

2. 找到图上标出的已知动作，如果出现生词，尽量猜测。无词，用自己的语言。

3. 按照步骤，分段描述，千万不能省略任何一步。

4. 切记!加入流畅合理的表示顺序的关联词。

5. 句型以主动为主，搭配被动，以及主语从句(例如：It can be seen from the graph that…)。

6. 时态要使用一般现在时.

雅思流程图的重点词汇解析：

表述时间：

in 10 days

during the period of 10 days

The process lasts for up to 10 days

after 10 days

10 days passed until something happened.

表示然后：then, next, in the next state, following that, after that, the next step in the stage is .... 表示过程：process, procedure, formation, development

表示步骤：step, stage, phase

时间阶段：after a period of …months/days/minutes, during…

顺序连词：first, first of all, in the first stage, initially, to begin with

second, then, next, also

after that, at the same time, in the meantime, meanwhile

prior to, until

the first stage involves … / in the second stage / in the third stage /

in the last stage / The next step in the stage is that…

目的连词：in order to / in order that; so as to / so that

常见动词：

produce生产，lay放置，accumulate积累，gather/collect收集，obtain获得，heat up加热，expand膨胀，bend弯曲，turn off关闭，cool down冷却，disconnect断开连接，spin旋转/纺，strike打击， compress压缩，release释放， expand膨胀， move/flow流动， accelerate加速， form形成， press按压， adjust调整， absorb吸收， form形成， process加工， rotate旋转， chop坎， grind磨(碎)/碾(碎)，light点燃， burn燃烧， ignite点燃， reflect反光，turn转，starts开始， stops结束，records录音， turns up调高， turns down调低，winds缠绕, unwinds解开，revolves旋转，fold折叠，unfold打开，reverse颠倒/倒转，adapt适应，adjust调整，alter改变，cure治愈，disappear消失，dissolve溶化/解散，exchange交换，expand扩张/膨胀，fade退色，increase增长，promote促进/升职, reduce减少，renew使更新/使恢复，renovate革新/更新/修复，replace取代，swell肿胀，switch改变，transform完全改变，vary改变，swap交换，shrink收缩，melt溶解，heal/cure治愈，form/come into being/take shape形成，produce生产，gain/get/acquire获取，evaporate蒸发，volatilize挥发，draw提取，recycle回收，extract拔，absorb吸收，collect收集，meet相遇，be made up of由...组成, be made of由...制成，be made from由…制成， feed on以...为食，depend on/rely on依赖，release/send out释放，sort分类，separate分开，conveyed运送，cut into切成，poured into倒入，heated加热，melted into融化成，flows into流入