讨论型题目经典范文

Topic1: Families are not as close as before. Give reasons for this change and suggest some ways to bring families closer.

Along with the development of the society, more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that families are not as close as before. To my mind, this is one of the side-effects brought about by the modern world.

There are a number of reasons for this phenomenon. Firstly, with social advance, people are now more integrated with the society and thus less dependent on their families. Apart from their families, they can easily get help from their friends in a shorter time than before, and it is much easier to make more friends now as a result of rapid improvement in telecommunications. Secondly, the outside world is becoming more charming and fascinating, and people tend to share more time with their friends, colleagues or business partners in their leisure time instead of their families. Thirdly, in the modern society, social competition is getting increasingly fierce; consequently, people have to devote more time and energy to their career. They also feel the urgent need to broaden their scope and knowledge and upgrade themselves so as not to lag behind others.

Since family is the basic unit of a society, this issue should be well taken into consideration. As to how to bring families closer, people put forward various suggestions. First of all, the most important approach is through education. Parents should not only set a good example but also instill into their children from their childhood family concept so that they value family in their whole life. Secondly, all family members should try to squeeze some time for family activities such as a regular family dinner together. Dinner time is indeed a perfect time and opportunity for people to exchange their feelings and ideas, which is quite conducive to a more harmonious family relationship. Furthermore, the government should organize some public activities to promote the time-honored concept of family, to call on people to treasure the basic bonds of human life and give awards to some happy families in recognition of their strive for a better family relationship.

In order to enjoy a harmonious family life, our government and ordinary citizens should join hands in the efforts to create an atmosphere in which domestic peace is highly valued. Only in this way can we further ensure the harmony of our whole society.

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Topic 2: Drugs are becoming more and more common in many countries. What are some of the problems associated with drug abuse, and what are some of the possible solutions?

Drug abuse is a big headache in many countries. Billions of dollars is spent internationally preventing drug use, treating addicts and fighting against drug-related crimes. Although drugs threaten many societies, their effects can still be combated successfully. This essay will look at the effects of drug use on society, and suggest some solutions to the problem.

Drug abuse causes multiple problems for countries and communities. The medical and psychological effects are very obvious. Addicts cannot function as normal members of society. They neglect or abuse their families, and eventually require expensive treatment or hospitalization. The second effect is on crime. Huge police resources are needed to fight drug-related smuggling and dealing. Criminal gangs and mafia underworlds develop with the money from drugs.

The menace of drugs can be fought in various ways. Education is the first battle. Children need to be told at home and in school about drugs. People need to be aware of the effects so that they can avoid this problem. A second approach is to increase police manpower and powers to stop dealers and to enforce the law. However, the main target should be the users. Families and counselors need to talk to children and people at risk. Parents need to look at their children and help them to become responsible. Jobs are needed to give people a role in society.

In conclusion, although the problem of drug abuse may seem impossible to eliminate, there are concrete steps that can be taken to diminish its negative effects. The danger from drugs is too great to ignore.

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Topic 3: As society changes, more and more people do not want to stay in one career or job. Many people change careers and jobs. What is the cause of this phenomenon? Can you give some suggestions to solve this problem?

With the development of our society, there is a growing discontent among people about a “life-long career”. They are seeking experience in more than one field so job-hopping is nothing surprising in their life. Personally, I believe there are several contributing factors to this phenomenon and I will elaborate on them in this essay.

In the first place, social developments have brought about a more flexible work style and work philosophy. It will be really difficult for modern people to see any point of getting retired from the place where their career got initiated. Instead, they are eager to try new things and fresh experience from frequent job-hopping, from which their life could be made more colorful and diversified.

In the second place, another imperative motivation is that people, in most cases, change their jobs for a higher salary. Just like a saying goes, “people strive upward.” According to statistics, the foremost reason that people change jobs is for a better pay. Consequently, if one can get a more appealing offer from some other employer, what’s the point of staying in the original one?

If some measures have to be taken to lessen or even eliminate this phenomenon, I reckon that companies should take up an inescapable responsibility through providing all their employees with a clear and transparent ladder of promotion as well as sufficient benefits in order to alleviate employees’ impulses of leaving. What’s more, vocational education is supposed to be strengthened, especially in terms of job ethics and a sense of responsibility. In this way, people may form a more precise and mature attitude towards career and thus not being carried away by this ever-changing fickle world.

From what has been discussed above, we can draw a safe conclusion that there are various causes for people’s frequent job-hopping. There is much left to be done if we really want to alter the situation.

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第二篇：英语毕业论文-经典范文 (1)

从当前农村中学英语课堂现状谈赏识教育

——以贵州为例

摘要：有人说：“教师要用放大镜去发现学生的优点，而不是用尺子去衡量。”苏霍姆林斯基也说过: “教师应该是艺术家和诗人。有了教育的艺术就会化干戈为玉帛，化麻烦为简便，化困难为轻松，化冰川为何流。[1] “而赏识作为教育的艺术之一，在教学过程中，特别是农村英语教学中，教师若能适时的、适当的、恰如其分的运用，可以让青少年看到自我价值,树立自信心和远大理想；可激发学生的创造性思维和积极向上的进取意识，从而提高学习效率并取得可观的教学成果。

关键词：赏识；教育的艺术； 农村英语教学 ；自信心；学习效率

引言

农村中学的不少学生，英语底子比较差，而且学习兴趣不高，教师的积极性也受到打击。因此，帮助学生提高英语学习兴趣，树立他们对学习英语的自信心，摆脱英语学习的困境已迫在眉睫。这除了要求教师改善教学模式和教学方法之外，还要时刻关注学生的心理动向，注重对学生自信心的培养。学生首先要抬起头来走路，才可能走得更高、更远。学生自信心的获得主要来源于教师的赏识。然而，在农村英语教学中赏识教育还未能得到广泛的运用和推广或者是个别老师曲解了赏识教育的含义，对学生起到了负面的影响。这是导致学生学习英语的兴趣下降、谈英语色变的原因之一。本文从赏识教育的定义、当前农村英语教学现状、及赏识教育的艺术进行阐述。

一、赏识教育的定义

（一）赏识就是教师用科学的爱，艺术的爱去尊重学生、宽容学生、激励学生。人性中最本质的需求就是渴望得到尊重和欣赏。赏识教育的特点就是注重孩子的优点和长处，逐步形成燎原之势，让孩子在“我是好孩子”的心态中觉醒；古希腊学者鲁塔克说：“学生的头脑不是需要被填满的容器，而是一把需要点燃的火把。”所以我们要以鼓励作为给学生引路的先知，为他们预示光辉的明天。我们应该随时准备做好教育战线上的第一名射手，也要做好成为第一个牺牲者的准备，我们应该为那些受伤者、后进者、落伍者包扎伤口，用最具母性的爱去鼓励、去安抚躁动不安的稚嫩的灵魂。而不是一味地去揭学生的伤疤。[2]

（二）周弘说：“确切地说我们称为赏识——成功教育，说白了就是教孩子走路的教育，孩子说话说得再迟，我们都会说‘贵人语迟’父母人人不会抱怨，只会不断的鼓励赞赏；孩子走路摔跤再多，父母也不会嘲笑他，只会坚持不懈的

帮助他，结果每个孩子都学会了说话走路。” [3]细细咀嚼、品味，你会发现周宏的赏识教育，不是不要批评。而是要对学生良好的言行给予赞美、称赞、鼓励、表扬，是强化他的优点、弱化他的缺点、短处。[4]赏识教育不是指“只一味的表扬而不批评”，而是指在批评中赏识，在赏识中批评，批评的方法要巧妙。我们经常听到家长说,“我这孩子要哄、要捧”，如果认为这就是赏识教育,那是片面的,不全面的。赏识教育也包含批评。著名教育家陶行知的四块糖果的故事在教育界被传为佳话，这就是陶校长运用赏识教育的艺术。

（三）赏识教育，对于义务教育的初级英语阶段而言，更确切的定义是帮助学生克服畏难、自卑情绪、战胜孤独、冷漠，积极投身于集体之中。[5]课程改革中的英语课堂越来越趋向于“开放性”、“多元性”、“合作性”、“情感性”和“创造性”。[6]任何一个班集体都都存在个体的差异性。特别是后进生更需要老师的表扬、鼓励，要帮助他们克服自卑心理，积极参加课堂实践活动，让他们在交际活动中获得自信和勇气，建立起乐观开朗的健康情感。

二、当前农村英语教学现状

（一）枯燥的课堂中只批评不表扬

当前农村的英语教学现状并不乐观，大多数老师沿用传统的教学模式，教师既是主导也是主体，很少注重学生的参与，只一味的灌输，形成填鸭式的教学。 这就已经严重的使学生丧失了学习英语的兴趣，加之老师在教学中不注意语言及行为的艺术性，经常批评、谩骂学生更使其丧失了学习英语的积极性。如，“这么简单的题你都不会做，怎么考高中？”“你脑子怎么就转不过来呢，怎么这么笨哪你？”“又来迟到了，你来读什么书啊你？”“讲了好几遍的题目还不会，真是对牛弹琴。”“你看你，考这几分真丢人！”。老师有时甚至体罚学生，如用教鞭打掌心，用书砸等。

以黎平县德凤中学为例，作了下列问卷调查：

调查对象：初一、初二的同学，总共发出200份问卷，实收190份。回收率：95%

经调查发现:52%的同学对学习英语兴趣不大,71%的同学经常在课堂上被点名批评,89%的同学都认为英语课堂气氛沉闷、枯燥，在学习英语有困难时只有16%的同学能获得帮助，68 %的同学都认为老师经常体罚学生，55%的同学认为老师上课时经常是满堂讲，80%的同学觉得英语课的教学很呆板、单调，而教师的教学态度有62%的同学认为是一般，其敬业精神有78%的同学也认为是一般，97%的同学认为教师上课时根本没使用现代电化教学手段。这样的现象在很多农村中学英语课堂中是屡见不鲜的，我认为这是一种可悲的教育现象，这充分体现了作为一名教师的道德与素质还达不到一定的水平。也体现了赏识教育在农村教学中还得不到很好的运用和推广。 （二）只表扬，不批评

随着赏识教育成功案例的增多，赏识教育已开始风靡而来。许多老师和家长都误以为赏识就是对孩子简单的表扬、赞赏和鼓励，从未批评。[9]不管孩子做的是对还是错，都将表扬与时刻挂在嘴边。例如有的学生将beautiful写成 beutifui，有的老师会说你很聪明写对了。又如学生不会认音标在旁边注上中文并将wonderful读成了“弯的four”,他们又会说你真棒，发音真准，继续发扬。对于学生的不当错误不能为了赏识而曲意的奉承，错误理解它的真谛。如果一味的赏识而不批评，只会扭曲学生的认识。长此以往，学生很难建立正确的是非观，很难接受批评意见，更无法面对挫折和失败。这是对学生的未来不负责的。赏识教育其实不是简单的表扬和鼓励，也不是随时随地的“你真棒！”还应给与学生充分的信任。包括对学生纠正错误、会启发纠正错误能力或勇于承担过错的责任的信任。如果对孩子本身的错误不予以适当的提醒和纠正，他们不仅会误以为他们的行为没有错，反而觉得得到默许甚至是赞扬的。这不仅不起到教育的作用，

反而会适得其反。

三、赏识教育的艺术

(一)动之以情，顺心而为——先识后赏

“感人心者，莫先乎情。” 教育学生一定要付出真情，应做到“语调激情柔和总关情。” 教育家夏丐尊说：“教育上水是什么呢 ？就是情就是爱，教育没有了情爱，就成了无水之池??”每个孩子都有优点，正如冰心所说：“淘气的男孩是好的，调皮的女孩是巧的。”我们要像妈妈一样把心掏给他们，把爱捧给他们，尽可能的去发现他们的亮点。[8]教师要不仅要以爱的情感，循循善诱的态度，而且还要实事求是地全面看待，先去认识他人的德行、才干和发展潜质，从而才能真正地认识人、欣赏人、培养人、成就人。很多老师认为赏识教育就是说“听好话。”于是他们就泛滥的表扬学生，经常将good挂在嘴边，而且不发自内心的、笼统的表扬学生。例如学生明明只考30分，你偏要说You are very excellent.学生回答问题错了，你却说well done.或者在发作业时无论是谁无论得了多少分，你都说great或wonderful.这样日复一日，学生会觉得得到你的表扬太容易了，他们还会怀疑“我到底好在哪里？老师是骗人的。”那么你的赏识就没有了价值，甚至学生还会觉得老师在欺骗他们，因为你不真诚、不实事求是。要表扬学生，一定要用爱去先发现他们到底好在什么地方，有针对性的表扬，如假设一名学生只考30分，或许他的字很好，卷面很整洁或哪一道题对的比较多等。这些都是优点，我们可以针对其中之一进行表扬。这样学生才会信任你。切忌笼统的、不真诚的表扬。

（二）遵循赏识三部曲：发现优势，及时鼓励——沟通家长，共同赏识——同伴赏识

罗曼罗兰说过：“生活中不是缺少美，而是缺少发现美的眼睛。”我们教育的对象是个体差异的学生，每个人身上都有着不同的优缺点，都有着不可估量的潜力。这就好比“一棵树，如果花不鲜艳，也许叶子会绿得青翠欲滴。”如A同学考试从不及格，这次却及格了。B同学从不敢主动举手回答问题，这次却举手了。C同学总喜欢说脏话，今天却不说了等。赏识他们的每一点进步，及时给予他们爱的鼓励，表扬一定要及时，让他们时刻保持着被欣赏、被看重的心境。只有这样他们才能奋勇前进。

大多数家长都十分关心孩子的学习成绩，却忽略了影响他们成绩的因素，其实孩子不仅需要老师的关心和鼓励，他们更需要父母的表扬和认可。家长与学生相处的时间更多，他们只要注意观察是更容易发现孩子们的优点的。因此，要想让孩子形成“我是好孩子”的观念，必须要有家长的配合。教师要时常与家长沟通，实行共同赏识。引导家长用赏识的目光一起探讨教育方法，引导他们善于发

现学生的优点，在学习中表扬他们、鼓励他们。

其实“唤醒”教育并不都是依靠高大全的形式，能更贴近于心灵的榜样才更具影响力。老师要善于发现学生中的榜样，并乐于树立榜样，并通过“榜样”来影响其身边的人。让同伴时刻以羡慕、欣赏的目光去与其交往，我想该同学一定能在原有的基础上更自信、定能再创辉煌。

（三）寓批评于赏识之中——评出特点，具有针对性

赏识和批评就像鸟的两翼，缺一不可。赏识并不等于摒弃批评，正确的赏识可以给学生带来极大地鼓舞，恰当的批评也会促使学生进步。[7]作为传道，授业，解惑者的老师们要坚持原则，不掩盖问题，正确处理好赏识与批评的关系。传统的评语常常是“优点+缺点+希望”的三级论式，缺乏针对性。有人把这种不痛不痒、千人一面的评语戏称为“年年岁岁人不同，岁岁年年语不变。”这样的评语是不能叩击学生心弦，引导学生奋进的。请看以下评语：

“瘦小的肩膀上是齐耳的短发，苹果似的脸蛋上那双水灵灵的眼睛透着智慧的光，难怪每次考试你都名列前茅。你是一个既漂亮又聪明的女孩，我相信在助人为乐的表扬栏里一定会出现你的名字，听到大家这样赞美你：心灵比外表还美。我还期待着有一天操场上跃动着你娇美的身影??”这则评语用鲜活生动的语言，将批评寓于赏识之中，指出学生的优点：聪明、漂亮、成绩好。缺点：不乐于助人、不爱参加体育锻炼。评语针对其人，写得准确而有感情，评出了特点。

（四）把赏识教育与新教材众多正面叙事的教材内容有机结合起来

从教育部最新颁布的《教学大纲》，可以清楚地看到几个焦点的转移。“人文精神”、“情感”、“个性”越来越多的受到人们的重视。英语教师要挖掘课文中更深层的内涵，品出其味，赏出其情。教师通过独具匠心的“赏“与“识”把教材中的真善美与实际课堂联系起来，使二者相辅相成，相得益彰。最新编的Go for it人教版初中英语课本，较之以前的版本，课文内容和结构更趋生活化、民俗化、更贴近学生的日常生活，使人倍感亲切感，更多了几分情趣性和实用性。课文中在高扬正面叙事的旗帜，歌颂人间美好的情感与品德。教师在讲授这类的课文时，应以饱满的激情，赏出文中的“真”识出行中的情。并利用课堂教学这一特殊平台，深入课堂，但学生中发现、了解他们中间存在的美好的东西。[10]例如新目标英语八年级上册Unit2 What’s the matter?这篇课文中，通过询问他人的健康状况，给出相应的建议如“You should drink some hot tea with honey.”表达关心他人的情感。为了达到本课的情感目标，教师可以观察班上是否有身体状况欠佳的同学，并对关心该同学的学生高度赞扬。赞美他们在日常生活中互相关爱和帮助，这样课文与课堂、老师与学生、理论与现实，通过“赏识”这条无形的线紧密地联系在一起，形成一个科学和谐、不可分割的教学整体。而课程改革与新教材也正是通过“赏识”这一特殊载体实现其自身完美的价值。

四、结束语

总之，教育就是两个字：教和育。教不是单纯的知识传递，二是言传身教。育不是填鸭，不是吃饱就可以成长，你要花时间和孩子一起玩耍，看看他们是怎样想的，听听他们是怎样说的，了解他们的世界和我们有怎样的不同。还要不失时机的用赞赏的目光去看待他们、鼓励他们让他们健康的、自信满满的成长。在新课程理念下，注重素质教育的时代。作为未来英语老师的我们要放下包袱、革新观念，要高举赏识教育的旗帜，尤其在农村中学英语课堂教学中。但不能盲目地举得太高，用得太泛滥讲究艺术，不仅要将深深地爱寓于赏识教育中，还要根据不同的人用不同的赏识方式、评出特点、具有针对性，否则不是赏识教育而是“丧失教育”。

参考文献：

[1]钱明飞，教育是一种心灵的唤醒，视野，2011第五期

[2] 2007朱伟民《论教师的道德修养》 教育艺术2004 第一期

[3] 周弘，《赏识的力量》

[4] 赵万泉 “赏识教育”再赏识 淮阴师范学院教育科学论坛 2008 第二期

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