书信

概述

书信是人们在日常生活和工作中进行交际的工具，也是高考书面表达中常见的考试文体。由于民族语言和习惯上的差异，英语信件在书写格式及表达方式上与汉语不大一样，有些地方迥然不同。本章将向大家介绍一般格式及各种常见信件，如家信、祝贺信、道歉信及自荐信等。

一般格式

英文书信的构成可分为8个部分：

信头(Heading), 日期(Date), 收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address), 称呼(Salutation), 信文(Body of the letter), 结束语(Complimentary close), 署名(Signature), 附言(P. S.)

信头(Heading)

信头是指发信人的单位名称或地址。一般情况下发信人只需把自己的地址写(打字，手写均可)在信的右上角，离开信纸的顶头约1英寸，占二三行或四行均可，格式如下：①齐头式 ②缩进式

注意：写地址的次序与中文不同，应先写门牌号码街道，然后城市和国名。写地址时采用齐头或缩进式，以及每行后要不要加标点符号，都没有固定的规定。如写给经常往来的亲友，这项地址也可以省略。

日期(Date):

写日期注意下列各点：①年份应写全，例如不能用“99”来代替“1999”；②月份应写英文名称，除May, July外，可用缩写，如：Sep., Oct.。但不要用数字来代替，如7／4／99 或7， 4， 99，因为在英国此日期代表 7th April，1999，而美国则代表4th July，1999。 ③日期可用1，2，3，4…11，12…21，22…31等，也可用lst，2nd，3rd，4th…11th，21th…22nd…31st等。

日期的几种写法：a．July 7，1998 b．1st October, 1998 c．30 Nov., 1997 d．Sep. 3rd, 1999 ④特别注意英文书信日期应紧接着写信人地址下一行，不能像写中文书信那样写在书信签名之后，这是很多学生的常见错误。

收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address)

写信人的地址和日期写好以后，接着就要写收信人的姓名和地址，一般的事务信件或给较生疏的朋友的信件要写，而在给极熟的朋友的信中则可省去。这一项写在日期下一行的左上角。收信人姓名写一行，收信人地址可分两行或三行写，和写信人的地址一样，上下可取齐，也可以向右缩进。在姓名前一般要加上称号，称号因人而异。

①对普通男子用Mr；②对未婚女子用Miss；③对已婚女子用Mrs，对婚姻状况不明确的通常用Ms(后跟本人姓)；

④对男子用Master；⑤对教授或博士(医生)用Prof．或Dr．

称呼(Salutation)

称呼指的是信文开头的那种称呼，如Dear , Mr, Uncle，各种称呼因人而异。在称呼后面一般是用逗号，但也有用冒号的。现归纳如下：①对父母、兄弟、姐妹等；a．Father, b．My dear Mother, c. Dear Sister, d. Dear Tom,

②对亲戚：a．My dear Auntie, b．Dear Cousin, c．My dear Cousin,

③对朋友、同学a．My dear friend, b．Dear Mr Jackson, c．My dear Mr Jackson, d．Dear Sir,

④对未婚女子：a．Dear Miss Luce, b．My dear Miss Luce,

⑤对一般女子，不论是否结婚：a．Madame, b．Dear Madame,

⑥对已婚女子：a．Dear Mrs Helen Jackson, b．My dear Mrs Helen Jackson,

⑦对公司、工厂、学校等：a．Dear Sirs, b．Sirs, c．Gentlemen,

信文(Body of the letter)

信文是信件的主体部分，也就是信的内容。正文应在称呼下两行开始。信的开头第一个字母通常和称呼开头第一个词平齐。也有往后退四个或八个字母的。下面介绍一些开头语和结尾语。

开头语

①相当于中文的“敬君者”。

a．I beg to inform you that…

b．I beg to take this opportunity to inform you that …

c．I have the honor to address you that…

d． I write in a hurry to inform you that…

e．I have the pleasure to tell you that…

f. I'm very much delighted to inform you that…

②相当于中文的“接读某月某日来信，一切知悉”。

a．I thank you very much for your letter of May 20th …

b．Your letter of May 20th has been received with thanks.

c．It gives me great pleasure to receive your kind of May 20th.

d．In answer to your kind letter of May 20th, I deeply regret that …

e．I have received your kind letter of May 20th.

f．Words can't express my delight on finding your favor of yesterday on my desk this morning.

g．Your letter dated May 20th has been received.

结尾语

采用三种方法：

①采用分词短语：句末用逗号，不用句号。例如：

a．Waiting for your good news,

b．Looking forward to your early reply,

c．Hoping to hear from you soon,

d．Hoping you are enjoying good health,

e．Regretting that I can't give you a more favorite reply,

f．Regretting the trouble I'm causing you,

g．Wishing you every success,

h．Wishing you a pleasant journey,

i．Wishing you a happy New Year,

②采用介词短语，例如：

a．With best regards,

b．With kind regards to your family,

c．With best wishes to you and yours,

d．With best wishes for your success and happiness,

e．With best wishes for your success in your new field of work,

f．With best regards and wishing you all success,

g．With warmest regards,

h．With best regards to you and your family,

i．With the season's greetings,

③采用完整句子：

a．We are waiting for your good news.

b．I hope to receive your early reply.

c．We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.

d．I thank you very much for your services, and wish your continued success.

结束语(Complimentary Close)

结束语的一般写法如下：

① 业务书信常用：Yours faithfully, Faithfully yours, Yours truly, Truly yours, Sincerely yours, ② 公函常用：Yours respectfully, Respectfully yours, Yours sincerely,

③私人书信常用：Sincerely yours, Yours very sincerely, Yours affectionately, Yours ever, ④给亲戚朋友的信常用：Love, All my love, Your(ever)loving son/daughter/cousin , etc. Your affectionate nephew, lovingly, Lovingly yours,

署名(Signature)

下面是署名的例子：

① 个人署名：truly, W. J. Watson ,Yours faithfully,

②公司署名：Legend Computer Company, Wang Lin ,Sales Manager

附言(Postscript)

发信人有时在写完信后又想起一件比较重要的事没有说，可以在信末署名下面几行写上， P. S. (Postscript

的缩写)，然后将要补充的话写上。不过要注意写信时最好将事情一次讲清楚，尽量少用或不用P.S.。

以上英文书信结构8个部分在信内的位置如下：

假定你是英国学生(John)，在上海二中学习，于6月1日给Babara写信，谈谈伦敦与上海的不同，100～120字，内容如下：

伦敦 上海

汽车靠左行 汽车靠右行

很多人乘汽车上班 多数人骑自行车上班

阴天多 晴天多

一星期工作五天 一星期工作五天

懂汉语人少 懂英语的人多

学生较放松 学生较勤奋

参考词语

气候：climate

第二篇：英语书信写作句式与套话

英语书信写作句式与套话

称呼 ( Salutation )

常用的称呼有：

Formal Less formal Informal

Sir Dear Mr Smith Dear Mary

Sirs Dear Mrs Smith My Dear Mary

My dear Sir Dear Miss Smith Dearest Mary

Gentlemen Dear Prof. Smith My Dearest Mary

Dear sir My Dear Mr Smith Darling Mary

Dear Sirs My Dear Dr. Smith My Darling

Madam Dear Mr John Smith Dear Dad/Mam

Dear Sir or Madam Dear Miss Mary Smith My dear father

To whom it may concern Dear Prof.

常用的起首语有：

1）Thank you for your letter dated Dec.22,1969.

2)Many thanks for your letter of Sept.5，1997.

3)A thousand thanks for your kind letter of June 5,1997.

4)Your kind letter of November 22th arrived this morning.

5)Your letter which arrived this morning gave me great comfort.

6)In reply to your letter dated 4th July,I want to say…

7)Thank you very much for your letter of August 2 and the gift you sent me on Christmas Eve.

8)What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th!

9)It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting.

10)First of all I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me .

11)With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that …

14)I am very much pleased to inform you that my visit to your country has been approved.

15)I wish to apply for teaching position you are offering.

16)I am too excited and delighted at your good news.

17)I am very obliged to you for your warm congratulations.…

常用的结束语有：

1）Awaiting your good news,

2)Looking forward to your early reply,

3)Hoping to hear from you soon,

4)We await your good news.

5)I hope to hear from you very soon.

6)We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.

7)I look forward to our next meeting there in Los Angeles.

8)Your early reply will be highly appreciated.

9)Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you.

10)The help you give me is sincerely valued.

11)I hope everything will be well with you .

12)Please let us know if you want more information.

13)I hope you always enjoy yourself.

14)I wish you very success in the coming year.

15)Please remember me to your family.

16)With best regards to your family.

17)All the best.

18)With love and good wishes.

结束语 ( Complimentary Close )

事物信件中常用的结束语有：

(Very)Truly yours

Yours (very )truly

(Very )Respectfully yours

Yours (very) respectfully

(Very )Faithfully yours

Yours (very) faithfully

(Very) Sincerely yours

Yours (very) sincerely

Sincerely yours

Yours sincerely

Affectionately yours

Yours affectionately

Obediently yours

Yours obediently

Intimately yours

Fondly yours

Yours devoted friend

Yours

Yours (as) ever

Ever yours

As ever

Lovingly yours

Lovingly

1. 投诉信

投诉信的开头常用句式和套话

I am writing to inform you that I am dissatisfied with your …

投诉信的结尾常用句式和套话

I understand you will give immediate attention to this matter.

I would like to have this matter settled by the end of …

2、询问信

询问信的开头常用句式和套话

I would be most grateful if you could send me information regarding/concerning … I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding … 询问信的结尾常用句式和套话

Your prompt attention to this letter would be highly appreciated.

I am looking forward to hearing from you.

3、请求信

请求信的开头常用句式和套话

I am writing to seek for your assistance in …

请求信的结尾常用句式和套话

I would like to thank you for your generous help in this matter.

4、道歉信

道歉信的开头常用句式和套话

I am writing to apologize for …

I am writing to say sorry for …

道歉信的结尾常用句式和套话

I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.

5、感谢信

感谢信的开头常用句式和套话

I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for …

感谢信的结尾常用句式和套话

I must thank you again for your generous help.

6、 建议信

建议信的开头常用句式和套话

I am writing to express my views concerning …

You have asked me for my advice with regard to … and I will try to make some conducive suggestions.

表达建议常用句式和套话

I feel that it would be beneficial if …

I would like to suggest that …

I would recommend that …

If I were you, I would …

You may consider doing …

It would seem to me that you could …

As you may agree that …

建议信的结尾常用句式和套话

I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details.

7、求职信

求职信的开头常用句式和套话

I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for a waitress …

求职信的结尾常用句式和套话

Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to meeting you. If you need to know more about me, please contact me at …

8、推荐信

推荐信的开头常用句式和套话

I would like to present … for your consideration in your search for a qualified manager.

With reference to your requirements, I shall, without reservation, recommend … as an ideal candidate.

推荐信的结尾常用句式和套话

Therefore, I don’t hesitate to recommend … as the right person for your consideration. Any favorable consideration to this letter would be considered a personal favor.

9、 寻找失物信

寻找失物信的开头常用句式和套话

I am writing this letter to see if it is possible for me to have my camera back.

寻找失物信的结尾常用句式和套话

I would really appreciate it if you could …

10、邀请信

邀请信的开头常用句式和套话

I am writing to invite you to …

I wonder if you could come …

邀请信的结尾常用句式和套话

My family and I would feel honored if you could come.

We would be looking forward to your participation in the party.

I really hope you can make it.