七年级下册英语语法点总结(1)
Unit 1 Where?s your pen pal from?
一．短语：
1 ．be from = come from 来自于----
2． live in 居住在---
3． on weekends 在周末
4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人 5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国
6．pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目
7．the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约
8．speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎
9．go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动
二．重点句式：
1 Where?s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/ 2 Where does he live? 3 What language(s) does he speak? 4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French. 6 Please write and tell me about yourself. 7 Can you write to me soon? 8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三．本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。 1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English 5 the United States------ American---- English 6 the United Kingdom---British----- English
Unit 2 Where?s the post office?
一． Asking ways: (问路)
1． Where is (the nearest) ……？ （最近的）……在哪里？
2． Can you tell me the way to ……？ 你能告诉我去……的路吗？
3． How can I get to ……？ 我怎样到达……呢？
4． Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……吗？
5． Which is the way to ……？ 哪条是去……的路？
二．Showing the ways: （指路）
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。
3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。
5. You?d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（You?d better+动词原形）
三．词组
1. across from …… 在……的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面
2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之间
between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间
among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间
4. in front of…… 在……前面
There is a tree in front of the classroom.课室前面有棵树。
in the front of…… 在……（内）的前部
There is a desk in the front of the classroom.课室内的前部有张桌子。
5. behind…… 在……后面 behind my house 在我家后面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边
on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边
on one?s left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿着……（街道）
down/along Center Street 沿着中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端
in the beginning 起初，一开始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快 我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐出租车
16. 到达：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17．go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路
go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林
18．on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三．重难点解析
1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。
到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带 doing. I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。
2．hope to do sth 希望做某事
I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。
hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。
（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。 如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句，它又放在I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。）
3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。 If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。 四．本单元的反义词、近义词配对
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears? 一．重点词组
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day during the day
二. 交际用语
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they?re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they?re kind of interesting. 3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa. 4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too. Why?
Because they?re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She?s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8．He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10．Let?s see the pandas first.
11．They?re kind of interesting.
12．What other animals do you like?
13．Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重点难点释义
1、kind of 有点，稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。
kind 还有“种类”的意思
如：各种各样的 all kinds of We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in连用。 There are many kinds of tigers in China. There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的，和蔼可亲的
它是名词friend的形容词形式，常常和be动词连用, be friendly。 The people in Chengdu are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟，同，和…在一起 I usually play chess with my father.
注意区别与and的用法，and通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时， 如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后，如： My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…” I often play with my pet dog.
Don?t play with water!
5、day和night 是一对反义词，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。 通常说in the day, during the day, at night。 Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 叶子
复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves, knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小时；点钟
hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”， 即：an hour。 There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 来自… be from = come from Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. （食用的）肉，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修 饰，即：much meat He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰， 即：much grass。There is much grass on the playground.
四. 语法知识
特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、 “how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问。 特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：
1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如：
What?s your grandfather?s telephone number? 你爷爷的电话号码是多少？
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？
Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？
When is he going to play the piano? 他什么时候弹钢琴？
Where does he live? 他住在哪儿？
How are you? 你好吗？
How old are you? 你多大了？
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有几个兄弟姐妹？
2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如： Who is on duty today?
今天谁值日？ Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老师？
我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他？也是特殊疑问句，它是一种省略结构。 例如：
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜欢英语。你呢？
What about playing basketball? 打篮球怎么样？ Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一．短语：
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 / 把某物给某人
3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事
Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话
8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在医院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚报
二．重点句式及注意事项：
1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job? 2 People give me their money or get their money from me. 3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night. 4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I?m very busy when people go out to dinners. 6 Where does your sister work? 7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter. 9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三． 本单元中的名词复数。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves
Unit 5 I?m watching TV 一．现在进行时 Ⅰ现在进行时的用法
表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作
Ⅱ现在进行时时间状语及标志性词
① now 现在
② at this time 在这时
③ at the moment 现在 ④ look 看（后面有明显的“！”） ⑤ listen 听（后面有明显的“！”）
Ⅲ 现在分词的构成
① 一般在动词结尾处加ing Eg: go—going look--looking
② 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e加ing。 Eg: write—writing close--closing
③ 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个字母，再加ing. Eg: get—getting run—running ( swim, run, put,get,sit,begin)
Ⅳ 现在进行时的构成
肯定句: 主语+ am/is/are+ doing +其他+时状. Eg: He is doing his homework now.
否定句：主语+am/is/are +not+ doing+其他+时状.
Eg: He is not doing his homework now.
一般疑问句： Am/Is/Are +主语+ doing+其他+时状？
Eg: Is he doing his homework now?
肯定回答：Yes,主语 +am/is/are Eg Yes, he is.
否定回答：No, 主语+am not/isn?t/aren?t Eg: No, he isn?t.
二．短语：
1．do one?s homework 做某人的作业
do housework 做家务
2．talk on the phone 在电话里交谈，讲电话
talk about…… 谈论……
talk to(with)sb 和某人交谈
3．write a letter 写信
write a letter to sb 给某人写信
4．play with…… 和……一起玩
5．watch TV 看电视
TV show 电视节目
6．wait for sb/sth 等待某人/某物
7．some of…… ……中的一些
8．in the first photo 在第一张照片里（介词用in,序数词前面有the） in the last photo 在最后一张照片里
a photo of one?s family 某人的家庭照片
9．at the mall 在购物街
at/in the library 在图书室
at/in the pool 在游泳池
10．read a book = read books = do some reading看书＼阅读
11．thanks for = thank you for 为某事而感谢（后接动词要用v－ing）
三． 重点句式及注意事项：
1． 他正在干什么？ What is he doing?
他正在吃饭。 He is eating dinner.
他正在哪里吃饭？ Where is he eating dinner?
他正在家里吃饭。 He is eating dinner at home.
2．你想什么时候去？ When do you want to go?
让我们六点钟去吧。 Let?s go at six o?clock.
3．他正在等什么？ What is he waiting for?
他正在等公交车。 He is waiting for a bus.
4．他们正在和谁说话？ Who are they talking with?
他们正在和Miss Wu说话。 They are talking with Miss Wu.
5．你们正在谈论什么？ What are you talking about?
我们正在谈论天气。 We are talking about the weather.
6．他们都正在去上学。 They are all going to school.
7．这儿是一些我的照片。 Here are some of my photos.
这儿是一些肉。 Here is some of meat. (some of meat不可数，故用is)
8．谢谢你帮我买这本书。 Thank you for helping me buy this book.
9．family 家；家庭。强调“整体”，是单数；强调“成员”时，是复数。 His family has a shower. 他们家有一个淋浴。
His family are watching TV. 他全家在看电视。
Unit 6 It?s raining!
一．短语：
1 take photos/ pictures 照像
2 take photos/ pictures of sb/ sth 给某人或某物照相
3 have a good time＼have fun\have a great tame 玩得愉快
4 work for sb / sth 为某人工作
Eg: Yuan Yuan works for CCTV?s Around The World show
5 on vacation 度假 Eg: There are many people here on vacation.
6 some----others--- 一些……另外一些．one……the other…….一个……另一个……（两者之间）
Eg: There are many students in the classroom. Some are writing, others are reading.
7 put on 穿上（动作） wear 穿着（状态）
Eg: Tom is putting on his coat now.
8 on the beach 在沙滩上
Eg: Tom and his family are playing on the beach at this moment.
9 this group of people 这一群人 10. in this heat
二．重点句型
1．How is the weather? 天气怎么样？ In the raining. 在下雨。
2．What are you doing? 你正在做什么？ I'm watching TV. 我在看电视。
3．What are they doing? 他们在做什么？ They are studying. 他们在学习。
4．What is he doing? 他在做什么？ He is playing basketball . 他在打篮球。
5．What is she doing ? 她在做什么？ She is cooking . 她在做饭。
三．重难点解析
1 询问天气情况的句式：(横线内容可替换)
① How is the weather in Beijing? (How is the weather today?)
② What?s the weather like in Beijing?
( What?s the weather like today?)
2 回答上面问题的句式：
①It?s + adj. (形容词) Eg: It?s windy.
3 How?s it going (with you)?
① Not bad.
② Great!
③ Terrible!
④ Pretty good.
4 Thank you for joining CCTV?s Around The Word show. 5 I am surprised they can play in this heat. 6 Everyone is having a good time. 7 People are wearing hats and scarfs.
① wear 指穿衣服的状态。
② put on 指穿衣服的动作。
四．谈论天气的日常用语
1. It?s sunny/rainy/cloudy. 今天是晴天/雨天/阴天。
2. Lovely weather,isn?t it? 天气真好，是吗？
3. It looks like rain. 看起来要下雨。
4. It?s raining cats and dogs. 正是瓢泼大雨。
5. It seems to be cleaning up. 天似乎要转晴。
6. It?s blowing hard. 风刮得很大。
7. It?s snowing heavily. 正在下大雪。
8. The snow won?t last long. 雪不会持续太久。
9. It?s very foggy. 雾很大。
10. The fog is beginning to lift. 正在收雾。
11. It?s thundering and lightening. 雷电交加。
12. What?s the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样？
13. What?s the weather report for tomorrow? 天气预报明天怎么样？
14. It?s quite different from the weather report. 这和天气预报相差很大。
15. It?s rather changeable. 天气变化无常。
16. What?s the temperature? 温度是多少？
17. It?s two below zero. 零下二度。
18. The temperature has dropped a lot today. 今天温度低多了。
He Won
Tommy: How is your little brother, Johnny? Johnny: He is ill in bed. He hurt himself. Tommy: That's too bad. How did that happen?
Johnny: We played who could lean furthest out of the window, and he won.
他赢了
汤姆：约翰尼，你小弟弟好吗？
约翰尼：他害病卧床了。他受了伤。
汤姆：真糟糕，怎么回事儿？
约翰尼：我们做游戏，看谁能把身子探出窗外最远，他赢了。
I Have His Ear in My Pocket
Ivan came home with a bloody nose and his mother asked, "What happened?" "A kid bit me," replied Ivan.
"Would you recognize him if you saw him again?" asked his mother.
"I'd know him any where," said Ivan. "I have his ear in my pocket."
他的耳朵在我衣兜里
伊凡鼻子流着血回到家里。他妈妈问，“发生了什么事？”
“一个男孩咬了我一口，”伊凡说。
“再见到他你能认出来吗？”妈妈问。
“他走到哪里我都能认出他，”伊凡说。“他的耳朵还在我衣兜里呢。”
A Good Boy
Little Robert asked his mother for two cents. "What did you do with the money I gave you yesterday?"
"I gave it to a poor old woman," he answered.
"You're a good boy," said the mother proudly. "Here are two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman?"
"She is the one who sells the candy."
好孩子
小罗伯特向妈妈要两分钱。
“昨天给你的钱干什么了？”
“我给了一个可怜的老太婆，”他回答说。 “你真是个好孩子，”妈妈骄傲地说。“再给你两分钱。可你为什么对那位老太太那么感兴趣呢？”
“她是个卖糖果的。”
Drunk
One day, a father and his little son were going home. At this age, the boy was interested in all kinds of things and was always asking questions. Now, he asked, "What's the meaning of the word 'Drunk', dad?" "Well, my son," his father replied, "look, there are standing two policemen. If I regard the two policemen as four then I am drunk."
"But, dad," the boy said, " there's only ONE policeman!"
醉酒
一天，父亲与小儿子一道回家。这个孩子正处于那种对什么事都很感兴趣的年龄，老是有提不完的问题。他向父亲发问道：“爸爸，?醉?字是什么意思？” “唔，孩子，”父亲回答说，“你瞧那儿站着两个警察。如果我把他们看成了四个，那么我就算醉了。” “可是，爸爸， ”孩子说，“那儿只有一个警察呀！”
Hospitality
The hostess apologized to her unexpected guest for serving an apple-pie without any cheese. The little boy of the family left the room quietly for a moment and returned with a piece of cheese which he laid on the guest's plate. The visitor smiled, put the cheese into his mouth and then said: "You must have better eyes than your mother, sonny. Where did you find the cheese?" "In the rat-trap, sir," replied the boy.
好客
由于客人在吃苹果馅饼时，家里没有奶酪了，于是女主人向大家表示歉意。这家的小男孩悄悄地离开了屋子。过了一会儿，他拿着一片奶酪回到房间，把奶酪放在客人的盘子里。 客人微笑着把奶酪放进嘴里说：“孩子，你的眼睛就是比你妈妈的好。你在哪里找到的奶酪？”
“在捕鼠夹上，先生。”那小男孩说。