conquer v.征服
defeat ? overwhelm ? annihilate ? rout ? bring somebody to their knees ? conquer
hold back ? stifle ? suppress ? overcome/conquer
第五段
station v.驻扎，静坐
send ? pack off ? dispatch/despatch ? send in ? send out ? be posted ? be stationed
第六段
file v.把文件或资料归档
keep ? store ? keep something on file ? file ? keep a record/keep records rival v.对抗，与……抗衡
competitor ? rival ? the competition
第八段
ascertain v.确定
check ? check out ? make sure/make certain ? double-check ? verify ? confirm ? ascertain
Passage 2 第一段
obey v.遵守，遵从
obey ? comply with ? abide by ? keep to ? stick to the rules ? conform to ? observe ? respect ? toe the line ? go by the book/do something by the book
第二段
administer v.控制，施加
To manage the work or money of a company or organization
simulate v.模拟
To make or produce something that is not real but has the appearance or feeling of being
real
emit v.释放出，发出……的声音
send out ? give out ? give off ? emit ? radiate ? cast/throw
make a sound/make a noise ? go ? with ? go off ? emit ? let out
writhe v.因剧痛而蠕动，扭动身体
fidget ? can"t keep still ? squirm ? wriggle ? writhe ? twitch
denounce v.谴责，指责
voice/express/show etc your disapproval ? condemn ? denounce ? deplore
第三段
unfold v.展开
open ? unwrap ? unfold ? unroll
pose v.带来，提出
ask
balk v.畏缩不前，犹豫
To not want to do or try something, because it seems difficult, unpleasant, or frightening
question v.质疑
question ? interrogate ? cross-examine ? carry out door-to-door inquiries ? be helping police with their inquiries
第四段
anticipate v.预测
expect ? think ? anticipate
第五段
fluster v.使不安，使紧张，使困惑
To make someone nervous and confused by making them hurry or interrupting them:
第六段
discharge v.放电，释放
If a piece of electrical equipment discharges, or if it is discharged, it sends out electricity
evolve v.演变，进化
develop ? evolve
第七段
evoke v.引发，引起
remind somebody of ? make somebody think of ? bring/call to mind ? be a reminder ? bring back memories/take somebody back ? evoke ? evocative ? come flooding back
第八段
merge v.合并，混合
combine ? be a mixture of something and something ? bring together ? blend ? mingle ? merge
unite ? team up ? get together ? combine ? join forces ? come together ? amalgamate ? merge
surrender v.投降，放弃
admit/accept defeat ? give in ? surrender ? concede
第九段
forgo v.放弃
do without/go without ? deny yourself ? abstain ? forgo
dictate v.听写，控制，指挥
tell ? order ? ask somebody to do something ? demand ? insist ? dictate elucidate v.阐明，说明，解释
To explain something that is difficult to understand by providing more information
Passage 3
第二段
starve v.使……挨饿
starving ? starve ? hungry ? not get enough to eat ? half-starved ? underfed ? malnourished
exaggerate v.夸大,夸张
exaggerate ? blow something (up) out of all proportion ? make too much of ? overrated ? overemphasize ? overstate ? be melodramatic ? lay it on
associate v.与……相连
link ? associate ? make a connection ? establish a link
be connected/be related ? be linked ? associated ? have/be something to do with ? be bound up with something/go hand in hand
cure v.治愈
cure ? remedy ? antidote
restrict v.限制，约束
limit ? restrict ? set/impose/put a limit ? keep to/keep within ? confine ? fix accelerate v.加速，加快
go faster ? speed up ? pick up/gather speed ? accelerate ? quicken your pace ? gain/gather momentum
第三段
nurture v.培育，形成
nurture ? foster
decline v.下降
go down/come down ? fall/drop ? decrease ? decline ? reduction ? cut ? plummet/plunge ? taper off ? dwindle ? slide ? take a nosedive
第五段
overstate v.夸大
exaggerate ? blow something (up) out of all proportion ? make too much of ? overrated ? overemphasize ? overstate ? be melodramatic ? lay it on
第六段
apply v.适用，应用
apply ? claim ? request ? approach ? put in for ? applicant ? claimant oppose v.反对
be against/be opposed to ? oppose ? not agree with something ? not believe in something ? anti- ? hostile ? antagonistic
第七段
melt v.融化
melt ? dissolve ? thaw ? melt down ? molten ? condense ? soluble diminish v.消失，减少
To become or make something become smaller or less [= reduce]:
第十段
experience v.经历
happen to ? experience ? go through ? live through ? know
postpone v.推延，延迟
postpone ? put off ? delay ? be pushed/moved/put back ? put something on ice/put something on the back burner ? procrastinate
第十一段
buy v.买，争取（时间）
buy ? get ? purchase ? snap up ? pick up ? splash out on ? acquire avoid v.避免
avoid ? stay away/keep away ? steer clear of ? make a detour
剑5 第二套
Passage 1第一段
patent v.申请专利
To obtain a special document giving you the right to make or sell a new invention or product
第二段
mould v.铸造，塑造
form ? mould ? shape
engineer v.设计，加工
orchestrate ? stage-manage ? engineer ? contrive
revert v.返回
start again ? go back to/revert to ? slip back into
第四段
abandon v.放弃，抛弃
give up ? quit ? abandon ? drop ? leave it at that
amass v.累计，积累
accumulate ? amass ? gain
manufacture v.制造
make ? produce ? manufacture ? mass-produce ? churn out/turn out ? create ? fashion ? build ? construct ? assemble
第五段
outline v.列举outline ? sketch out
第六段
govern v.受……限制
govern ? run ? rule ? be in power ? be in government ? hold office extract v.抽取，提取
find out ? get something out of ? get information ? extract ? worm something out of ? drag something out of
taper v.逐渐变细，变尖
get/grow thinner get narrower ? taper
第七段
relish v.欣赏，品味
revel in ? get a kick out of ? relish ? gloat ? wallow in ? take pleasure in ? delight in
despise v.鄙视，轻视
hate ? hate somebody"s guts ? can"t stand ? detest ? loathe ? despise ? abhor Passage 2
第一段
tempt v.引发
attract ? tempt ? seduce
dub v. 称作
call ? christen ? dub
第二段
rely v.依靠，依赖
To trust or depend on someone or something to do what you need or
expect them to do [ reliable, reliance]:
puncture v. 戳破，化解
make a hole in ? pierce ? puncture ? punch ? drill a hole
第五段
trigger v. 引发，触发
set off ? trigger/spark ? precipitate
amuse v. 使愉快，开心
make somebody laugh ? crack somebody up ? raise a laugh ? have somebody in hysterics/stitches ? amuse
第七段
track v. 追踪
follow ? tail ? be/sit on somebody"s tail ? shadow ? track/trail ? hound ? stalk ? stalker
accompany v. 伴随
with ? together ? along with ? come with ? accompanying
第八段
tuck v. 隐藏，蜷缩
put ? slide ? tuck ? insert
第十段
milk v. 挤奶，猎取
To take milk from a cow or goat
第十一段
distort v. 扭曲，歪曲
twist ? misrepresent ? distort ? falsify ? put words into somebody"s mouth ? cook the books ? rewrite history
Passage 3
第一段
dominate v.统治，在……中拥有重要的位置
dominate ? monopolize ? monopoly ? stranglehold ? have total/complete control ? hold sway
第二段
renew v.重新开始，使复活，使更新
continue ? start again ? go on ? go back to/return to ? resume ? take something up again ? pick up/take up where you left off ? reopen ? renew
第三段
adopt v.接受，采纳
adopt ? foster ? guardian ? in care
publicize v.出版
advertise ? promote ? publicize ? market ? hype/hype up ? plug ? sell ? push ? announce ? report
promote v.促进，加强
help ? encourage ? promote ? aid ? benefit ? advance/further ? be conducive to ? give something a boost ? be favourable for/to
第六段
exploit v.探索
use ? exploit ? make use of ? take advantage of ? play on ? capitalize on deposit v.储存，堆积，放置，存放
put ? place ? leave ? abandon ? position ? plant a bomb/explosives etc ? plant ? lay ? set down ? deposit
seal v.盖戳
block up ? plug/plug up ? seal
restrict v.限制
limit ? restrict ? set/impose/put a limit ? keep to/keep within ? confine ? fix
第七段
delay v.拖延，延迟
delay ? hold-up/holdup ? bottleneck
第八段
engage v.参与，参加
To be doing or to become involved in an activity
foster v.促进，加强
promote
第九段
inaugurate v.创立
To open a building or start an organization, event etc for the first time:
第十段
estimate v.估计
guess ? estimate ? guesswork ? speculation ? speculative ? conjecture oppose v.反对，抵制
be against/be opposed to ? oppose ? not agree with something ? not believe in something ? anti- ? hostile ? antagonistic
institute v.建立
To introduce or start a system, rule, legal process etc
剑5 第三套
Passage 1
A段
argue v.争辩，坚决主张，认为
argue ? quarrel ? fight ? have a fight ? fall out with ? be at each other"s throats ? clash
B段
claim v.宣称，表示
claim ? maintain ? assert ? confirm ? testify ? swear ? certify ? insist ? protest ? deny
expand v.扩充，扩展
get bigger ? grow ? expand ? swell up ? stretch
C段
acknowledge v.认可，承认
accept ? recognize ? acknowledge
observe v.注意到，观察到
notice ? can see/can tell ? I see ? spot ? become aware/conscious ? catch somebody"s eye ? detect ? note ? observe ? perceive
launch v.发起，进行
start ? begin ? get down to ? start on ? set about/set to work ? proceed to do something ? settle down to ? launch into ? embark on/upon ? come to/grow to/get to ? get cracking
involve v.包括，涵盖，使……参与进来
involve ? drag somebody into ? bring in
D段
bypass v.绕过……
To go around a town or other busy place rather than through it: foster v.促进
promote
E段
evaluate v.评估，评价
judge ? assess ? evaluate ? critique
solve v.解决
solve ? work out/figure out
F段
perpetuate v.延续，保持
continue/carry on ? maintain ? perpetuate ? keep up ? preserve
outline v.罗列，列举
summary ? outline ? overview ? rundown ? precis ? synopsis indicate v.表明，暗示
point ? indicate ? gesture at/towards ? point out Passage 2
A段
erode v.腐蚀，侵蚀
wear away ? erode ? corrode ? rust/rust away
scour v.用力擦洗，冲刷
brush ? scrub ? sweep ? scour
B段
deposit v.沉积，堆积
put in ? deposit
accumulate v.累计，聚集
accumulate ? build up ? pile up ? mount up ? collect ? gather C段
indicate v.表明，暗示
point ? indicate ? gesture at/towards ? point out replenish v.补充，添加
refill ? replenish ? top up
D段
divert v.转移，使转向
not draw attention ? draw attention away from ? divert/distract attention ?
put somebody off ? keep a low profile
E段
rest v.休息，存留在
rest ? take a rest ? relax ? take a break ? lie down ? put your feet up ? laze ? take it easy ? chill/chill out
concur v.同意，赞同
agree ? be in agreement ? be of the same opinion ? share the view that ? subscribe to ? concur
affect v.影响
have an effect ? have an impact ? affect ? take effect ? make a difference ? impact
stimulate v.刺激，激发
To encourage or help an activity to begin or develop further
upset v.使……不安
upset ? hurt ? hurt somebody"s feelings ? distress
F段
devise v.设计，制定出
invent ? create ? come up with/think up ? devise ? make up ? conceive ? dream up ? coin
Passage 3
引子
perform v.表演，执行
perform ? appear ? be in something
A段
vanish v.消失，突然不见
disappear ? vanish ? become extinct ? extinction ? die out ? cease to exist ignite v.点燃，引发
set fire to something/set something on fire ? light ? torch ? ignite B段
launch v.建立，发布
start ? launch ? open ? initiate ? spark off ? set in motion ? get/start/set the ball rolling ? get things moving ? (let"s) get this show on the road coin v.创造
invent ? create ? come up with/think up ? devise ? make up ? conceive ? dream up ? coin
encompass v.包含，涵盖
cover ? encompass ? embrace ? span
capture v.捕捉，占领，再现
capture ? round up ? take somebody prisoner ? recapture
mimic v.模仿
imitate ? do an impression/imitation ? mimic ? a take-off of somebody/something
C段
peak v.达到全盛
To reach the highest point or level:
rear v.培养，养育，培育
To look after a person or animal until they are fully grown [= raise]: imply v.暗示
suggest ? imply ? say ? implication ? undertone
solve v.解决
solve ? find/come up with a solution ? resolve ? put right ? cure ? remedy ? sort out ? sort ? iron out
materialize v.变为现实
happen ? come true ? be realized ? be fulfilled ? materialize
opt v.选择
decide on ? settle on ? plump for ? opt
align v.与……同列，与……结盟
To publicly support a political group, country, or person that you agree with D段
Characterize v. 描绘，描述……的特征
Describe something/somebody as ? characterize somebody/something as ? label ? portray/represent ? depict ? paint a pictur
joke v.开玩笑
make a joke/crack a joke ? tell a joke ? joke ? wisecrack
implement v.实施
carry out ? execute ? implement ? put something into practice ? deliver the
goods/come up with the goods
E段
back v.支持
To support someone or something, especially by giving them money or using your influence
reckon v.认为
think ? believe ? feel ? figure ? reckon ? consider ? regard/see ? think of somebody/something as/look on somebody/something as ? take the view that/be of the opinion that ? be recognized/acknowledged as
spot v.发现
notice ? can see/can tell ? I see ? spot ? become aware/conscious ? catch somebody"s eye ? detect ? note ? observe ? perceive
camouflage v.伪装
disguise ? camouflage
extract v.提取，抽取
find out ? get something out of ? get information ? extract ? worm something out of ? drag something out of
F段
boost v.促进，加强
help ? encourage ? promote ? aid ? benefit ? advance/further ? be conducive to ? give something a boost ? be favourable for/t
differentiate v.区别开
can tell the difference ? can tell somebody/something apart ? distinguish ? differentiate ? draw/make a distinction ? discriminate
exacerbate v.恶化
make things worse/make it worse ? to make matters/things worse ? aggravate ? exacerbate ? compound ? to add insult to injury
filter v.过滤
To remove unwanted substances from water, air etc by passing it through a special substance or piece of equipment:
categorize v.将……分类
sort ? categorize ? classify ? be grouped ? class ? grade
emerge v.开始出现
appear ? become visible ? come into view/come into sight ? come out ? emerge ? loom/loom up ? reappear
G段
Lip- read v. 观察人的嘴唇动作来理解话意
To understand what someone is saying by watching the way their lips move, because you cannot hear them
encapsulate v.涵盖，概括
To express or show something in a short way [= sum up]
transcribe v.记录，用音标记下……的语音
copy ? copy out ? copy down ? transcribe
剑5 第四套
Passage 1
A段
promote v. 促进, 发扬，提拔
help ? encourage ? promote ? aid ? benefit ? advance/further ? be conducive to ? give something a boost ? be favourable for/to
boom v. 发出）轰轰声
boom/boom out ? roar ? thunder ? blare/blare out ? blast/blast out isolate v. 隔离, 孤立, 绝缘
separate ? keep somebody apart ? isolate ? cut somebody off from ? segregate ? segregation ? apartheid ? in quarantine
prevail v. 流行, 盛行, 获胜
win ? come out on top ? prevail ? carry the day ? win the day
B段
undermine v. 破坏
spoil ? ruin ? mess up ? undermine ? screw up ? sabotage ? throw a spanner in the works ? pour cold water on
associate v. 联系, 交往
link ? associate ? make a connection ? establish a link
be connected/be related ? be linked ? associated ? have/be something to do with ? be bound up with something/go hand in hand
fuel v. 加燃料
increase ? strengthen ? heighten ? add to ? raise ? fuel