Unit 4
一、1）used to do sth 过去常常做某事 He used to do homework until 10 pm.
2）be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
I’m used to getting up early. She is used to living alone.
3）be used to do sth = be used for doing sth 被用于做某事
be used by 被……使用
be used as 把……用作……
二、害怕做某事
be afraid of doing sth = be terrified of doing sth = be scared of doing sth
be afraid to do sth
be patient with sb of sth 在某事上对某人很耐心
三、 be proud of = take pride in + n / doing 对…..感到骄傲
四、 It ‘s time (for sb) to do sth / It’s time for sth 是（某人）该做某事的时候了
五、◆[辨析]so和such,"那么”
(1)so+adj. /adv.；so many／much /few /little+n.
(2)such＋a /an＋(adj.)＋ n.(单)；such＋ad j.＋n. (复)；such＋adj.＋n.(不可数)
eg：The boy is so tall.=He is such a tall boy.那个男孩那么高。
(3)so... that如此……以致； such ... that如此……以致(引导结果状语从句)
eg：①He runs so fast that I can’t catch up with him.
②She is such a clever student that she gets good grades.她那么聪明总是取得好成绩。
六、not…anymore不再＝no more /not... any more表示动作不再重复，与表示瞬间意义的动词连用。
eg：He will no more sing songs.他不再唱歌了。
【拓展] no longer /not...any longer表示动作不再延续，与延续性动词连用。
eg：I won’t stay here any longer.我不再呆在这。
◆give up sth. /doing sth.放弃(干……)
eg：He won’t give up working hard.他不会放弃努力工作的。
◆be prepared to do sth.有能而且愿意干......
eg：Are you prepared to help me?你愿意帮我吗？
◆make it取得成功
eg：He wants to be a scientist，I think he will make it.
他想成为一位科学家，我想他会成功的。
◆in person亲自。此短语相当于oneself 。
【拓展] personal adj.个人的，私人的
◆to one’s surprise使某人惊讶的是，此短语作状语。
surprise n.惊讶，吃惊；v.使(某人)吃惊
【拓展]surprised adj.感到惊讶；surprising adj.令人吃惊的
eg：To my surprise，he isn’t surprised at the bad news.
使我吃惊的是，他对那坏消息并不感到吃惊。
◆even though相当于even if /though /although四者都不能在同一个句子中与but连用。
My grandfather is 100 years old, but he is very healthy.
= Though my grandfather is 100 years old, he is very healthy.
because 和so 也不能连用
Unit 5
一、be made from…… 由……制成（看不出原料）
be made of…… 由……制成（能看出原料）
二、famous = well-known
be famous for Martin is famous for writing story.
be famous as She is famous as a scientist.
be famous to The Great Wall is famous to the world.
三、1.with chopsticks/knives/forks/spoons用筷子/刀/叉/匙
2.be from France/come from France来自法国
3.no matter how=however无论怎样 4.no matter what=whatever无论什么事
5.avoid doing sth.避免去做某事
6.everyday life日常的生活 /everyday things日常用品 /everyday English日常英语
7.wear hat/wear cap/wear gloves/wear scarves
8.paper cutting剪纸 /kite flying放风筝 /tree planting种树
9.materials: Wood/gold/silver/paper/silk/cotton/steel
原材料：木头/金子/银/纸/丝绸/棉/钢铁
10.produce生产---product产品
11.fairy tale童话故事
12.at a very high heat在热度下/at the age of five在五岁时/
13.be made by sb. 被某人制作而产 /be made in sp.在某地制造
14.send sb sth.=send sth to sb. 把某物寄送到某地 /send out发送；发出/send-sent-sent
15.give sb. sth=give sth to sb. 给某人某物/give-gave-given
show sb.sth=show sth to sb.把某物给某人看 show sb. to sp.把某人带到某地参观
这种结构的动词还有：（加to的） give, show, send, bring, pass, lend, tell
（加for的）make, buy, do, have, cook, find, sing
Eg: I bought a gift for her. = I bought her a gift
She lent me a book = She lent a book to me.
16.according to根据
17. 告诉某人某事tell sb. sth/tell sb. that+从句/
tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不）做某事
18.turn red脸变红 /turn on 打开 /turn off关上 /turn up调大 /turn down调小/
turn…into…把…变成… /turn right右转弯
19.by hand手工/by doing sth.通过做某事
20.all over the world=around the world全世界
21.as far as I know据我所知
22.search of sb/sth.搜寻某人/物
23.in life一生中/in trouble处于麻烦中
24.cover with sth./be covered with sth.(被)某物遮盖
37.put on穿上;增肥;张贴
38.rise into升到/rise-rose-risen
39.a busy/heavy traffic繁忙的交通 /traffic lights交通灯/
traffic rules交通规则 /traffic accidents交通事故
41.know about=learn about了解
43.a lively class/girl 一节生动的课/一个活跃的女孩
be alive 还活着
44.on the sides of mountains在山坡上
45.turn …into…/change …into…把…变成…
46.in Germany在德国 /German-Germans德国人
1. I found that visiting China is very interesting. (同义句)
=I found ＿ ＿ ＿ visit China.
2. The students clean the windows every day.（被动句）
=The windows ＿ ＿ ＿ the students every day.
3.Whoever he is, we don’t care at all. (同义句)
= ＿ ＿ he is, we don’t care at all.
4. You are fromPingliang, your friend is from Pingliang, too. (同义句)
= ＿ you and your friend ＿ from Xiaogan.
5. My pen is made of metal.
＿ ＿ your pen ＿ of?
6. They spent 2 hours completing everything. (同义句)
=It ＿ them 2 hours to ＿ everything.
7. The bike was made in Shanghai.
＿ ＿ the bike ＿ ?
8. The teacher made the students copy the text. （被动句）
=The students ＿ ＿ ＿ copy the text.
9. Li Lei paid 100 yuan for the sweater. (同义句)
=Li Lei ＿ 100 yuan ＿ the sweater.
10.I don’t think he will come here on time, ＿ ＿ ?(反义疑问句)
Unit 6
一、许多。
(1) a lot of , lots of , some , plenty of
既可修饰可数,也可修饰不可数名词。
(2) a number of + 可数名词复数+V复 “大量的”
A number of trees are cut down.
(3) the number of +可数名词复数+V三单 “..的数量”
The number of students in our class is 52.
(4) amount of , much , a little , little , a bit of , a deal of + 不可数名词 + V三单
(5) many , a few , few + 可数名词复数+V复
二、happen 出乎意料的发生 take place 有计划的发生
注意：take place和 happen 都是表示“发生”的意思，都没有被动语态。
它们的区别是：sth. happen to sb. 某人发生了某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧发生了某事、
When he walked across the road, the car accident happened to him.
I happened to see one of my old friends in the street yesterday.
happen:一切客观事情或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生
take place: 发生事先计划或预想到的事物.(历史上的事件，集会等先布置而后发生或举行的事情，不用于地震等自然现象)
三、prefer sth to sth I prefer fish to meat.
prefer to do sth…rather than do sth.
= would rather do sth than do sth
They prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
prefer doing to doing Jim prefers reading to playing games.
四、play +运动、棋类、消遣
play basketball/soccer/volleyball/tennis/ping-pong/baseball/chess
play+ the +乐器 play the guitar/violin/piano/trumpet/drums
五、go+运动ing : go shopping/ fishing / sightseeing/ cooking （去购物/钓鱼/观光/做饭）
六、使….想起…. 提醒（某人）
remind sb
remind sb of sth The photos reminded me of my school days.
remind sb to do sth Can you remind me to wake him up at 6:25.
七、make sb./sth+adj. 使…怎么样 It made me happy.
make sb./sth+v. 让…做 It made me laugh.
八、Why not + V原…..? = Why don’t you + V原….?
九、enough的用法
adj / adv + enough 足够…样 enough + n 足够的….
Unit 7
一、be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow to do sth/allow doing sth 允许做某事
二、(1) instead of + n /pre / ving
She prefers milk instead of (=rather than) coffee.
We’d like to go sightseeing instead of staying at home.
(2) instead 相反的、代替。常放句末。
I don’t like swimming , I like playing games instead.
三、So do we 我也是
So +助、be、情态动词+主语 “某人也一样”
I have to do my homework . So does he .
Nor /neither助、be、情态动词+主语 “某人也不”
Mary didn’t go to the party last night . Neither /nor did I .
四、Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to get their ears pierced.
sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old teenagers
◆ Get sth done / have sth done 这事儿不是主语做的，而是找别人做的。
My bike broke down, I’ll have it repaired. 我的自行车坏了，我得找人修理。
五、be strict with sb 对某人严格 be strict in sth 在某方面很严格
六、be comfortable to do sth做某事很方便
七、be good for 对…..有好处。 Vegetable and fruit are good for your health.
be good at = do well in + n / pre / doing 擅长…. He is good at swimming
be good to = be friendly to 对…..很友善。
八、语法：不定代词
(1) some / any 均为“一些”，+可、不可数名词； some一般用于肯定， any多用于否定或疑问句。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some.
---Would you like some coffee? ---Yes, please. / No, thanks
(2) many / much
many +可数名词; much +不可数名词; 都可与so, too, as, how 搭配。
(3) either / neither
either指两者其一 neither 指两者都不
either…..or….. 不是…就是…. neither…..nor…..既不…也不……
十、other , the other , others , the others , another
1) other 别的、其他的
2) the other 两者中另一个 one …….., the other……..一个…另一个……
3) others 泛指别的人或物 =other + 复数名词 some ……, others…..一些…..另一些…..
4) the others 特指其余剩下的人或物 some….., the others……一些…..，其余的……
5) another 任何一个，另一个。（指三者以上中的任何一个）
十一、get in the way of …….妨碍…..
十二、On….team . 在…队里 He is on the school soccer team.
This accident has taken place for 5 years.
十三、be serious about + n/ pre / doing 对….很认真
十四、succeed (in) doing sth 成功地做某事 success (n.) successful (adj.) successfully (adv.)
十二、辨析 cost spend pay take
Sth costs(cost)…… The TV cost me 500 dollars.
Sb spend (spent) ….. on sth /doing sth I spent 500 dollars on the TV.
I spent 500 dollars buying the TV.
Sb pay (paid) …. For… I paid 500 dollars for the TV.
It takes (took) sb ….. to do sth. It took me 500 dollars to buy the TV.
Unit 8
一、--Whose book is this? --It must /might / can’t /could be sb’s = belong to sb.
二、It’s +adj + that …. It’s necessary /clear/important ……that….
It’s+adj+ to do sth it’s important/ necessary to work hard.
find/ think + it +adj + to do sth.
I found it difficult to remember English words.
三、对…感到担心 be anxious/worried about… worry about
渴望做某事 be anxious to do sth
四、There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood.
He could be running for exercise.
情态动词+be +doing sth （表示猜测可能正在做某事）
六、太…. much too + adj 太多….too much +不可数n too many + 可数n
七、辨别
noise噪音 Don’t make any noise !
voice人的嗓音 He has a good voice.
sound 泛指各种声音 The sound of car is too loud.
八、one of + adj最高级+复数名词+ V三单
One of the highest sights in Paris is Eiffel Tower.
九、介词后（in, at, after, on, to, for, of, by, against, with, without, after, before）如果要用动词，只能用v-ing
I study for a test by working with groups.
Unit 9
八、a few+可数名词（表肯定）一些
a little+不可数名词（表肯定）一些
few （表否定）几乎没有 little （表否定）几乎没有
九、because + 句子 because of + 名词、代词、动名词短语
He stopped playing soccer because he had a headache.
He stopped playing soccer because of his headache.
十、expect to do sth = hope to do sth = wish to do sth.
十一、have a great time = have fun = enjoy oneself.
一、辨析relaxed / relaxing bored/boring excited / exciting
disappointed /disappointing surprised /surprising
amazed / amazing interested / interesting
（加ed的修饰人“感到…的”；加ing的修饰物“令人…的”）
eg: She was surprised to read this surprising news.
相关短语：be excited at be disappointed at be surprised at / to do sth
be interested in = taka an interest in + n / Ving
二、旅行. trek 徒步跋涉 trek trough the jungle/forest/mountain
travel 泛指旅行 travel around the world.
trip 短途旅行 have a trip. Trip to Chengdu.
三、想要、愿意做某事 would like to do sth = want to do sth.
---Where would you like to go?
---I’d like to visit somewhere warm.
四、辨析 cross through over past
(1) cross 从表面上通过 walk cross the street/ bridge/ river….
(2) through 从空间通过 go through the forest/ jungle/ crowed…
(3) over 从上方跨过 jump over the wall
(4) past 从旁边经过 He walked past the window when we were having class.
五、hope / wish
(1) hope to do sth hope + 从句
(2) wish to do sth wish sb to do sth wish + 从句
Let’s + V原
八、consider考虑、认为
consider doing sth / +how(what) +to do sth / +名词、从句
eg: We’re considering visiting Paris for holiday.
He has never considered how to solve the problem.
All of you should consider the feeling of the people.
Do you consider（认为） that we can finish the project on time?
十、辨析 include / including
Our school includes two parts: Primary and Middle School.
I like all sports including playing soccer.
十一、traveling around Paris by taxi can cost a lot of money.
traveling around Paris by taxi 动名词做主语+ V三单
one of the cheapest ways to visit Paris is taking the underground train.
动名词作表语从句的主语
十三、unless = if not
条件状语从句，由if, unless 引导。 （主将从现，主过从过）
If it doesn’t rain, we’ll go fishing.
Unless you see a doctor, you shouldn’t take the medicine.
十四、提供。
(1)provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb.
He tried to find a job to provide his family with food.
He tried to find a job to provide food for his family.
(1) offer sb sth = offer sth to sb.
She offered money to the poor children.
offer to do sth 自愿做某事
十五、mind, finish, keep, be busy, feel like, practice, have fun, enjoy,
have trouble/problem/difficult/ a hard time, permit, spend, be worth, keep on, keep,
be used to, continue, give up, put off, end up, pay attention to,
look forward to,
consider, suggest, can’t help, miss + doing sth
feel, hear, see, find, watch, notice sb do sth （做过）
doing sth （正在做）
十六、辨析 stop to do / stop doing
remember to do / remember doing
forget to do / forget doing try to do / try doing
go on to do / go on doing allow to do / allow doing
十九、语法：主谓一致。
1.当and或both …and…连接两个或三个名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。
Both you and I are good friends.
2.不定代词作主语+V三单(either, neither, each, the other, another, any/every/no/some引导的不定代词)
Everyone is going to beach tomorrow.
3.由each, every引导的作主语，指同一个人时，+V三单
Each boy and girl was given a gift.
4.主语后有 with, along with, together with, as well as, more than, including, besides, like, except, but. 谓语动词由前面的主语决定.
Mr Li with his wife and children is coming next week.
Tom besides his friends plays volleyball every afternoon.
5. either…or…. neither…nor… not only…but also…
连接两个主语，谓语动词有靠近它的主语决定，即就近原则。
Not only my parents but also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle.
Either you or he is right.
6.there be句型的be动词由靠近它的主语决定，即就近原则。
There is a table and many desks in the room.
7.one of +复数名词+ V三单 one of the women is from America.
二十、dream of doing sth achieve/ come true
I believe I will achieve my dream one day.
= I believe my dream will come true one day.
二十一、receive / accept
I’ve received her invitation to the party, but I didn’t accept it, because I’m busy.
二十二、辨析 so that so….. that…. such…. That…
1) so that = in order that he works hard so that he can make more money.
2) such 修饰强调名词。
such + a/an + adj + n +that从句
Mary is such a young girl that she can’t go to school.
such + adj+不可数名词、复数名词+ that从句
3)so 修饰强调adj或adv . so + adj / adv + that从句
He is so clever that he can work out all the problems.
4）当名词由many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so
so many/ few+可数名词复数 +that 从句
so much/ little+不可数名词+that从句
There are so much time that I can play with friends.
5) too…to… = not… enough to …. = so….. that….
二十三、短语。
be willing to do sth be similar to it seems that… seem to do sth
hold on to.. according to
二十四、定语从句（详见Unit 6-7）
1）一般情况下，that可指人，也可指物，可代替who, whom, which; 但不能和介词搭配。Which指物 who, whom, whose指人 where指某地 when指某时
A doctor is a person who looks after people’ health.
I like the places where people are friendly.