高考英语各种类型作文的特点及模板、常见句型、词组的归纳 作文是英语高考的重头戏，每年作文的类型和主题也不尽相同，作文分数的高低也直接影响着英语成绩的高低，因此英文作文的备考也就成了每年英语备考的重点之一。下面我就不同的文体来讲解一下如何打造高分英语作文：
一、各种类型作文的特点
★图表作文
1.仔细审题，看懂图表的意思，整理要点，决定语言形式；
2.开头直截了当，尽快入题，不要拐弯抹角，拖泥带水；
3.行文一般以10个句子为宜。若用少于8句话来表达，句子容易表达不清；若用多于10句话来描述，则句子零乱与琐碎，文章缺乏整体感；
4.用最有把握的词语句型将规定内容加以表达，并根据图表大意议论；
5.应按照合理顺序，适当使用一些过渡性的连接词，将句子连珠成串；
6.结尾要干净利落，既不能拉杂，也不能草率，要显得自然，恰当得体。 ★提示议论文
文章开头，能依据提示确立主题句(topic)阐明观点或看法；使用连接词分层次说明理由、缘由(supporting sentences)；归纳总结，首尾呼应。做到论点正确无误；论据可靠充分。论据可以是人们公认的真理，也可以是经过实践考证的经典著作；论证合理严密。常用论证法有归纳法、推理法、对比法。
★记叙文
一般说来有时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果六要素，写作时要明白清楚地给予表达。记人时，要注意介绍人物的身世、经历和事迹等。叙事时要描写事情发生与发展的过程。
★应用文
主要以写信为主。英文书信由6个部分组成。它们是信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语、签字。格式一定要正确。信的正文和写文章一样，要分段写，每一段有一个中心思想。
二、四步打造高分英语作文
Step1：确定文体
常用文体有记叙文、说明文，还有应用文如书信等。近几年的高考书面表达多以应用文为主，提供的形式多以图画、提纲、表格出现，书写的格式大都是书信、通知。所以，考生还应该掌握信的称呼、开头、正文、结尾、签名等方面，另外，口头通知和书面通知的不同要清楚。总之，考生应根据写作提示分析材料，确定文体，闯过第一关。
Step2：确定时态和人称
考生要根据选好的文体和写作内容确定时态。一般来说，记人叙事多用一般过去时；发布通知多用一般将来时和祈使句式；发表议论大多用带有情态动词的一般现在时；人物介绍、现状说明常用一般现在时和现在完成时。定准时态后接下来一定要知道各时态的构成及用法要点，但要记住，写作时时态并不惟一，要依据表达内容而选定。
Step3：确定所需主要词汇和所用表达结构
在以上―两确定‖的基础上，应该根据文章体裁和内容逐个地确定写作要点。对于图画和图表可在草稿纸上用中文列出。理清要点，然后选词造句，对列出的要点逐一翻译。这时要注意力求语言准确得当。平时写作要多进行发散思维，如
是用very sorry还是terribly sorry；是surprised还是astonished。同时考生应学会尽可能使用较高级的语法结构和词汇，如非谓语动词、复合句等。最大限度地完美文章。
Step4：整理成篇 行文连贯
接下来要根据内容分清文章的层次，确定详略，将写好的单句要重新排列组合起来，使之前后连贯成一篇完整的文章。同时选用恰当的关联词使文章过渡自然，行文流畅。另外，根据内容编排，该分段时要分段，使表达清楚，一目了然。行云流水，整齐划一，闯过写作第四关。
三、作文模板
1.图表作文模板
the as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in
table(graph/picture/pie/chart), __作文题目的议题__ has been on rise/ decrease(goes up/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from__ in __ to __ in __. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that __.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for __. On the one hand, __. On the other hand, __ is due to the fact that __.In addition, __ is responsible for __.Maybe there are some other reasons to show __.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that __. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
2.议论文模板
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A
majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
3.应用文(申请信)模板
Your address
Month, Date, year
Receiver's address
Dear ...,
I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in .... And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising.
.../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, .... On the other hand, .... I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.
I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.
Best regards for your health and success.
Sincerely yours,
X X X 首先, 第一: initially, to begin with, to start with
其次, 第二, 第三, 第四……: furthermore, moreover, in addition, besides
最后: finally, last but not the least
现在(目前), XXXX现象是不可避免且难以否认的
Currently, there is an inevitable and undeniable fact that ……
At present, it is inevitable and undeniable that …..
例句: Currently, there is an inevitable and undeniable fact that computer is playing a significant role in our daily lives
At present, it is inevitable and undeniable that advertisement has been flooding into our daily lives
随着社会(科技)的发展,人们开始注意到XXXX的重要性
Along with the advance of the society (science and technology), people are attaching much importance to ……
例句: Along with the advance of the society, people are attaching more and more importance to the interview in the job-hunting
最近, XXXXX现象引起了人们的广泛关注
Recently, the phenomenon of (that) …… has aroused wide public concern
例句: Recently, the phenomenon that CPI keeps increasing has aroused wide public concern
一部分人认为……., 而另一部分人认为……
Some people argue that….., whereas others maintain that….
就我个人而言(老实说), 我全力支持前者(后者)
As for me, I am in high favor of the former (latter)
Personally, I side with the former (latter)
Frankly speaking/ To be frank/ To be honest/ Honestly speaking, it is the former (latter) that I approve of
我认为(在我看来,就我看来,我的观点是, 我想….)
I am convinced that….
As far as I am concerned, …..
To my point of view, …..
From where I stand, ……
作为一把双刃剑
as a two-bladed sword, as a double-edged sword
因此, 基于以上讨论, 我们很容易得出……的结论
Hence (Consequently), based on the discussion above, it is easy for us to draw the conclusion that…..
作文中一些可用来替换常用词汇的高级词汇
important—significant good—stunning, fabulous, sensational way—approach, method
use—adopt understand/know—figure out but—nevertheless so—consequently, therefore
1. because of—due to like to do/want to do—be inclined to do, be willing to do finish—accomplish advantages and disadvantages—pros and cons
书面表达高分策略：
A、运用高级词汇B、增加形容词或副词C、灵活运用各种句型
一. 运用高级词汇
1.2. We’ll then know about parents’ 3. 置于句首的副词
1. this will make the children develop the habit of living on parents.
2. to support the family,….
句首副词举例
Unbelievably especially frequently strangely unexpectedly surprisingly besides
三. 灵活运用各种句型
1.插入语
然而, 其他同学持有不同意见。The other students, however, hold a different view.
另外，他们会以为将来可以依赖父母。Besides, they’ll think they can rely on their parents in the future.
2. It 句型
我们期望今年有个好收成。It is expected that there will be a good harvest. 30%学生认为无必要让孩子知道父母的收入。 earn.
3. with 结构
作业做完了，那个男孩出去玩了。With the homework finished, the boy went out to play.
有了父母可依赖，他们就不再努力学习了。They’ll not study hard any more, with 4.分词短语
30%同学不赞同这一看法， 30% of my classmates disagree with it,
知道了这点，他们会越来越努力学习。Knowing this, they’ll study harder and harder.
5.从句
他所做的一切使我们很失望。（主语从句）What he did disappointed us all.
我们应当知道父母的收入，因为这有助于我们理解他们的艰辛。（状语从句） We should know parents
6. 倒装句型
我们只有努力学习才能为社会作出自己的贡献.
Only by working hard can we make our contributions to our society in the future. 只有当我们意识到互相帮助的重要性,我们才能致力于建设一个和谐社会.
Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we be devoted to building a harmonious society.
7. 强调句型
当他到家以后才知道发生了什么事情.It was not until he got home that he knew what had happened.
是他让我懂得了什么才是真正的互相帮助.It was he that taught me what helping each other really meant.
常用句型：
There is( was) a ( are ) sb doing sth.
I saw (noticed , heard etc) sb doing. (do .done) sth.
I was watching TV when the telephone rang.
I was about to leave when a guest dropped in on me.
( On\ when )Seeing an old man in need of help I rusted to support him. Having showed my friends around our school I took them to the park.
That’s what I saw (heard ,want to say ,want to do ,did ,have done. learned from this book \ story \ travel )
What impressed me most was that ….
过渡词：
first ---second –third –at last
first next then at last\ finally
but however while and so because
as long as on condition that
in spite of even if even though
What’s more , besides
That’s to say , in a word in short
As you know , you see, in my opinion .
表示时间：
one day \ one Sunday morning \ on a sunny morning \ on a dark evening \ on sept 18th 2004 \ some time ago \ some days ago.
表示感叹：
What an interesting lesson \ party \ film \ activities \ thing we have had \ saw \ did today!
What a brave boy he is! What a busy day it is!
We’ll do whatever we can to help those who are in need of help \ in great trouble \ disaster.
We will do our best to protect our environment from being polluted.
Animals are our friends so we must stop \ keep \ prevent people from killing them.
I am looking forward to your good news \ your coming \ having a cellphone of my own \ getting your letter. Take actions from now \ ourselves.
How important to learn the knowledge we need.
How important it is to protect our environment\ earth!
表示比例：one half of the students \ half of the students, one third of the students \ two \ fifth of the people \ most \ many \ some \ few \ no people; 30percent of the people. a great number of \ the majority of the people
常用高考英语作文的开头与结尾
1.In my opinion (依我看来), we must take immediate actions to stop the big fire.
2.Gernerally speaking (一般来说), it is hot in the south in summer. 3.To be honest ( 老实说 ), I don’t quite agree with them. 4.According to the context(根据上下文), we can learn that the author led a miserable life in his childhood. 5.In some way / To some extent(在某一种程度上), what he has done made good sense. 6.In the past ( 在过去), many children had no chance to go to school. 7. Nowadays ( 如今), English is spoken all over the world. 8. So far / Up till now ( 到目前为止), only two fifth of the work has been done. 9. Three years later (三年之后), Joan gave birth to another girl,
10. Let me pick you up after work (下班后). 11. 11.I t is said that the tree was planted before liberation (解放前). 12. As for me ( 至于我), I prefer maths to Physics.
13.Take myself for example ( 以我自己为例), I lack working exprerience . 14.In fact / Acturally ..( 事实上), the student has broken the rules of our school. 15. In a word ( 总之), where there is a will, there is a way. 16. In other words (换言之), we have succeeded in our study. 17. I have an announcement to make ( 我有个通知要宣布).
18. In the past / last 3 0 years(三十年以来), great changes have taken place in China.
19.Ever since then ( 从那以后一直), I have never written to her. 20. On May 12, 2008 (在20xx年5 月12 日) , a big earthquake happened in Sichuan Province, which
caused a great loss. 21.On an autumn morning(在一个秋天早晨), he fell on the ground and hurt his right le 22.Beethoven ,a great musiciandied on a stormy night (在一个暴风雨的夜晚). 23. I sold the flat the day before yesterday(前天). 24.The next morning(第二天上午)，I found my key where I lost it. 25.Different countries have different cultures(不同的国家有不同的文化背景) 26.As is known to all (众所周知), Taiwan belongs to China. 27, As a student (作为一名学生)，I must study hard. 28.I have a similar experience to this(我有类似的经历), I remember one day 29. Recently we made a survey on ….among …(最近，我们进行了一次民意调查) 30 An saying goes that where there is a will, there is a way.(俗语说;有志者事竟成) 31.As the writer put it (正如作者所述),tomorrow is another day. 32.From the story we can learn (从这个故事我们得知) that time is money. 33.As far as I know (据我所知), he is strict in everything and with himself. 34.Only when we study hard can we realize our goals(只有努力学习才能实现我们的目标) 35,First of all / Above all(首先/ 最重要的是)，we must have confidence to do it. 36.I have no time to go with you, what’s worse (另外)，it is getting dark now. 37. Obviously(显然), our parents were pleased to get our phone calls. 38..To my surprise(令人惊奇的是), it was quite easy to find our way back to the cave. 39. We work hard from morning to night (从早到晚). 40.Every now and then (不时地)we stopped by the roadside and rested. 41.Once a month (每月一次), we go off to the woods for a picnic. 42.Once in a while / Sometimes (偶尔),they would come to visit the old couple. 43.In order not to(为了不)miss the meeting, he took a taxi instead of walking. 44. Compared with other students(与其他学生相比较), Kate studies much harder. 45. Seen from above (从上往下看), the farmhouse looked deserted. 46.Please let me know it in advance(事先). 47.Can you tell me about it in detail (详细地). 48. Before long(不久后), they came to realize the importance it is. 49.All the workers go to work as usual (照常地) 50.Look! The children are running like crazy (疯狂地). 51.We should serve the people heart and soul (全心全意地). 52.Judging from her apprearance(从外表看), she is not a native.
53.It is not wise of you to say that in public(当众地) 54.He failed again; however / nevertheless(不过), he won’t give up. 55.I didn’t laugh at him on purpose (故意地).
56.What surprised me most is that he left there in a hurry(匆匆忙忙地). 57.Jack will go there, if so / in that case(那样的话), we can share his car. 58. At the thought of (一想到)it, I feel upset. At the sight of ---一看到…就 59.Personally （依我看）, I think Team A is more likely to win. 60.The delegation will pay a visit to our firm next week, or rather(确切地说), next Wednesday morning. 61.On second thoughts(经进一步考虑后), she decided to change her original plan. 63.Lost in thought (由于陷入沉思), she didn’t notice what happened. 64. From then on(从那以后), he has never mentioned it . 65.Little by little / Gradually (渐渐地), Hill caught up with his colleagues. 66.The little girl looked at the strangers in surprise(惊奇地). 67.Unluckily / Unfortunately(不幸的是), they got lost in the war. 68.Despite / In spite of (尽管) all kinds of difficulties, we managed to overcome them. 69.In the past / in the old days(在过去),people in China led a miserable life. 70.She had worked day and night, As a result (结果), she fell sick. 71.In the same way / Simirarly(同样地), his brother lack of working experience. 72.I worked on a farm in 1957, meanwhile (与此同时),she served in the army. 73. On the one hand (一方面), he is a bright boy, on the othre hand(另一方面), he likes learning from others. 74.She doesn’t hate me , on the contrary / Instead (相反地), she loves me, I believe. 75.This is a remote village far from(远离) civilization. 76.I saw them talking in a low voice the other day / a few days ago(前几天). 77.He is lazy and thus / therefore(因此) he falls behind others.
78.The movie will mislead the young more or less( 或多或少). 79.She will get into touble development sooner or later(或迟或早). 80 With the growth of economy ( 随着经济的迅速发展)，our life is getting better and better 81.Nowadays, more and more people come to realize the importance of education_(越来越多的人开始意识到教育的重要性). 82.From above (综上所述)，I prefer to study in group. 83.Unlike the USA(与美国的情况不相同)，China is a developing country, and what’s more, some of us are still suffering from hunger. 84. Anyhow(无论如何)，we should not ignore it.
85.Data shows(数据显示)that most of the citizens are for the rules. 87.In terms of art (谈到艺术)，she is at sea. 88.All of a sudden,/ All at once / Suddenly(突然)，the truck knock into a tall tree. 89. Taking everything into consideration(由于考虑到各种因
素),we decide to put off the game. 90.Believe it or not (信不信由你)，we have to face the reality. 91.At least in the eyes of the laws (至少从法律观点来看)，he will be punished., 92.In order to prove this(为了证明这一点)，it is necessary to analyze…
93.Once / Once upon a time(曾经有一次)，he failed in the math exam. 94.During of the time of my stay in Shanghai(我留在上海期间)，I learned a lot from the workers.
95.I will watch the football game instead of seeing a movie(而不是看电影). 96.The writer left his hometown for England at the age of twenty(二十岁时) 97. He had to make a living in his twenties(二十多岁时). 98.With the teachers’ help(在老师的帮助下)， I have caught up with them. 99. She is not clever, what’s worse / to make things worse (更糟的是)，she is lazy. 100. As time passes by(随着时间的推移)，the poet has been forgotten. 101. As you grow (随着年龄的增长)，our knowledge is increasing. 102. In a flash / Just at the moment (就在那时), the mother rushed out and carried her to safety. 103. I met your uncle this morning(今天早上). 104. You were wanted on the phone yesterday afternoon( 昨天下午) 105. He was admitted to Beijing University the next year / the following year(第二年). 106 Last spring(去年春天)，they sold their old flat to buy a new one near the river. 107 Later on / Afterwards(后来), he moved to live in a remote village. 108. With these words ( 说完这些话后)， he went away. 109.The text tells us the true meaning of friendship( 这篇文章告诉我们友谊的真正含义). 110. I agree with the writer(我同意作者所说的话) 111. This remind me of my childhood（这令我想起我的童年） 112 I am her father, that is / namely (也就是说)，she is my daughter. 113.Apart from(除….外)his confidence, he works harder than others. 114. Flowers can be seen in our school yard all the year round(一年四季). 115. The reasons for this are as follows(关于这一点，理由如下); for one thing…for another, 116. Regardless of her parents’ disagreement, he left school to do a part –time job不顾父母的反对，-