历年英语四级常考作文三大类型总结和解析

一、现象解释型

命题主要要求对某一社会现象进行解释并加以评论。我们来看下历年四级作文命题：

20xx年x月大学英语四级考试真题

1. 建设绿色校园很重要

2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境……

3. 为了建设绿色校园，我们应该……

Creating a Green Campus

从本题的结构来看，正好符合我们的现象解释类型，指出建设绿色校园这一现象很重要，然后叙述建设绿色校园的意义，最后为建设绿色校园提出良好建议。综上所述，我们可以把其基本结构归纳如下：

基本结构是：首先说明现状;其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因;最后做出分析，提出建议或总结观点。 写作方法为：描述现象→分析原因→对现象做出预测或如何促进(限制)这种现象的进一步发展。

同样20xx年x月x日英语四级考试试题也是现象解释型，请看其具体要求：

1. 娱乐活动多种多样

2. 娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性

3. 作为大学生，我的看法

再看20xx年x月的四级真题，类型竟有惊人的相似性：

1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写

2.出现这种情况的原因

3.这种现象导致的结果

同类型考题还有：

20xx年x月x日，20xx年6，20xx年x月x日等英语四级考试真题。

从xx年大学英语四级采用新题型开始，我们不难发现现象解释型的考题出现的频率相当的高

二、问题解决型

此类作文要求从提示性文字或图表、图画入手，解释提示性文字、图表、图画反映出的问题，提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性;然后对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施;最后一段要求表明自己的态度、做法等。同样我们也来看如下四级真题，就能得出此类型解题方案：

20xx年x月英语四级考试真题

1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么?

2. 也会带来一些问题

3. 你的看法?

本题提出博物馆免费开放这一问题，分析这开放会带来哪些问题，最后提出自己的观点。不难看出，xx年x月的作文题目正是问题解决型。所以我们可以把此类型解题方法分为如下两条，请考生特别注意： 基本方法为：提出问题→分析问题→解决问题。

写作方法为：分析所给情景→选择写作方法。如20xx年x月真题。

类似题型如20xx年x月x日英语四级考试试题

同样问题解决型模板如下：

Topic sentence

1. With the development / improvement of ——,——。

2. It is necessary that——。

3. On the one hand, ——。

4. On the other hand, ——

5. Therefore, how to ——is worth paying attention。

6.Firstly——

7.Secondly——

8.For example,——

9. Thirdly, ——。

10.In other words,——

1.空格一处铺垫，空格二处填写某一问题。

2.关注解决现象引出的问题很必要。

3.解决问题很必要的理由一。

4.解决问题很必要的理由二。

5.承上启下，填要解决的问题。

6. 解决办法一。

7 解决办法二。

8. 举例解释解决办法二。

9. 解决办法三。

10. 阐明解决办法三。

三、应用文

应用文中的信函，也是四级作文设计的试题之一。在这类题型中，会读到一个特定的场景，试题要求按照这个场景给相关人士写一封短信，并在信中明确表达自己写信的原因、动机、目的和愿望等。文章所设及的内容多种多样，但大部分都与日常生活比较贴近。书信的类型可能变化万千，如邀请信、申请信、感谢信、道歉信等，但是万变不离其宗，只要掌握了英语书信的格式，并应用恰当的句式和语句，就一定能够写出好的文章来。

需要提醒注意的是应用文在六级考试中的出现几率要比四级大，所以重点应该放在前两种，尤其是第一种。

第二篇：英语4级作文总结

对比观点题型

（1） 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己 的看法。

1．有一些人认为。。。2．另一些人认为。。。 3．我的看法。。。

（2）给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点

The topic of ①----------主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more, ③------------理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).

While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).

From my point of view, I think ⑧--------------（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .

（2）给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点

Some people believe that ①----------------（观点一）. For example, they think ②-----------------（举例说明)．And it will bring them ③------- (为他们带来的好处). In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④------------- (我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二)．

Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥----------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)．

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __________作文题目. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. The majority of people think that _______________ 观点一________. In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一__.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.

People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一 _______. On the other hand,

____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.

As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二____.It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ______.

利弊型的议论文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.

Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题 is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______.In addition, _缺点二______.

To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.

谚语警句性议论文

1. It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )

A case in point is__Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to

practice the proverb ____谚语_____.

With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..

2. The good old proverb _______（名言或谚语）reminds us that ______(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it. First of all,________(理由一). For example, _______(举例说明). Secondly,_______(理由二). Another case is that ________(举例说明). Furthermore , _______(理由三)．

In my opinion, _____(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say----A. If you understand it and apply it

to your study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.

解决方法题型

要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径

１．问题现状２．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)

In recent days, we have to face a problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)

Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, -----------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, ------- (解决方法三).Personally, I believe that ----------- (我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).

Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)_____作文题__.It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.

As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二

Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题_, we should find a number of various ways.

But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ___方法_____.

说明利弊题型

这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）１. 说明事物现状

２. 事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）

３. 你对现状（或前景）的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First -------(Ａ的优点之一). Besides ------（Ａ的优点之二）

.But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ---------(Ａ的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse, --------(Ａ的第二个点)．

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．

[英语作文常用句型]

一、开头句型

我们常说，良好的开端等于成功的一半。做事如此，作文也是如此。所以我们颇有必要在作文的开头花一番心思。 在写议论文时，你通常以什么样的方式开头呢？最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见山法。也就是说———直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点，点出文章的中心思想。

I．．．．has both advantages and

disadvantages．……既有利又有弊。例如：

1．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages．

2．Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages．

3．Com pared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages．

举一反三：

1．Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many disadvantages．

2．．．．has many advantages．For example，．．．However，just as every coin has two sides，．．．has its

disadvantages．（本例将利弊分开讲，转折过渡自然。just as every coin has two sides也很值得背诵。）

II．．．．play（s）an important role ／part

in．．．……在……中扮演重要角色／起重要作用。例如：

1．Computers play an important role in science and technology．

2．Computers play a more and more important role in our life．

Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies．

3．Education plays an important part in developing our mind．

4．Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role in homelessness．

举一反三：

1．Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．

2．In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication．But now ，telephone，email，fax have taken their place．

III．With the development of．．．，随着……的发展，例如：

1．With the development of our economy，many Chinese families can afford a car．

2．With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious．

3．With the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home．

4．With the current social and technological developments，employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed．

举一反三：

1．With the rapid increase of China's population，housing problem is becoming more and more serious．随着中国人口的急剧增加，住房问题越来越突出。

2．With more and more women entering society，people's attitude towards women is changing． 随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变。

3．With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of Chinese families can afford a car． 随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。。

IV．When it comes to．．．，some people think ／believe that．．．，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true．There is probably some truth in both arguments ／statements，but．．．当说到……，有些人认为……，但另一些人则持相反的观点……。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但……。

请看下面这个例子：

TV，a good thing or bad thing

When it comes to TV，some people believe that it is extremely valuable，as it provides relaxation， entertainment and education． Others argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activities．There is probably some truth in both sides．But we must realize that television itself is neither good or bad．It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society．

二、结尾句型

英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one ／a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。

V．．．．take measures to do sth．例如：

1．We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world．

2．We'd better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams．

3．The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse．

4．Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks．

常用句型：

1． 表示原因 The reasons for this are as follows．

2．表示好处 1）It has the following advantages． 2）It is beneficial to us．

3．表示坏处 It has more disadvantages than advantages．

4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth．

5．表示措施 We should take a series of effective measures．1

6．表示变化 Some changes have taken place in the past five years．

7．表示事实、现状 There is no denying the fact that．．．

8．表示比较

1）Compared with A，B．．例： Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．

9．表示数量 It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．

10．表示看法 People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．

11．表示结论 From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．

12．套语

1）It’s well known to us that 2）As a proverb（谚语） says，“Where there is a will，there is a way

．

六、图表作文的框架

图例提示[写作模板]

第一段：描述图例内容

1.As the chart shows / As can be seem from the chart, great changes have been taking place in …(在…方面). In 20xx, there were …(多少人做…). By the year 20xx, the number of …(做某事) has reached up to(达到) …(多少).

2.The average number increased by 20% in the past 5 years.

3.The number of people who … has dropped / increased / risen from … to …

4.表示上升：increase / go up / rise to (by)… (to 表示数量到了多少，by 表示数量增加的程度)

表示下降：decrease / come down / reduce / drop

第二段：说明原因

1.There are two main factors leading to this change. (主要有两个方面的原因导致了这种变化。) For one thing, ….. For another thing, ….

2. Several factors / reasons contribute to / lead to / result in / cause such changes. For one thing, …. For another thing, …. Besides, ….

第三段：陈述自己的看法

1.In my opinion,

2.Therefore, my opinion is that….

As is shown/indicated by the figure/percentage in the table (graph/picture/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease significantly/dramatically/steadily rising from

____ in____ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/markeddecline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.

There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, _____. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition, ________is responsible for _______.May be there are some other reasons to show ___. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.

As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that __. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded. 作文常见的开头形式大致有以下几种：

1．开门见山，揭示主题

文章一开头，就交待清楚文章的主题是什么。如“How I Spent My Vacation”(我怎样度假)的开头是：I Spent my last vacation happily．

下面是题为"Honesty"(谈诚实)一文中的开头：

Honesty is one of the best virtues．An honest man is always trusted and respected．On the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a "liar"，and is looked upon by honest people．

2．交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头

在文章的开头，先把人物、事件和环境交待清楚例如"A Trip to Jinshan" (去金山旅游)的开头：

The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan. The bus ride there took three hours. The long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.

3. 回忆性的开头

用回忆的方法来开头。例如"A Trip to the Taishan Mountain"(泰山游)的开头是：

I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday.

4．概括性的开头

即对要在文章中叙述的人或事先作一个概括性的介绍。如“The Happiness of Reading Books”(读书的快乐)的开头：

People often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world. But I say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.

5．介绍环境式的开头

即开头利用自然景物或自然环境引出要介绍的事物。如“An Accident”(一场事故)的开头是: <BR>It was a rainy and windy morning. The sky was gloomy, the temperature was low, and the street was nearly empty. I was on my way back to school. Suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.

6．交待写作目的的开头。

在文章的一开头就交待写作目的，如通过文章要表扬谁，批评谁，或说明一个什么问题等。如 "Pollution Control" (控制污染)的开头：

In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.