名词性从句

第一节    主语从句

引导主语从句的连接词有：that, whether, who, which, what, when, where, how, why等

That she was invited to the ball made her very happy.

Whether he will come to the ball has nothing to do with me.

Whoever wants to see the film may get a ticket free.

Which team will win the match is still unknown.

What interests you doesn’t interest him.

Where they had stayed was still unknown.

When they will have a meeting hasn’t been decided.

注意：1从句作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。Who will go is not important.

2为了调节句子平衡，常用it作形式主语。It is a pity that he didn’t come yesterday.

It’s necessary that every League member (should) take the lead and work well.

It’s suggested that a modern hotel (should) be put up at the foot of the hill.

3陈述句部分的主语是从句时，其反意疑问句部分的主语用it.

How he became a scientist is known to us all, isn’t it?

…… …… 余下全文

名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。

（一）引导名词性从句的连接词

1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。

2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。

3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。

注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。

（二）主语从句

1、主语从句在复合句作主语。

e.g. Who will go is not important.

2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。

e.g. It doesn't matter so much whether you will come or not.

3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。

e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

（三）表语从句

1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。

e.g. The question was who could go there.

2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。

e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.

…… …… 余下全文

1. Police have found ____ appears to be the lost ancient statue. (20xx新课标1)

A. which B. where C. how D. what

2. _____I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. (20xx天津卷)

A That B which C. Whether D What

3. From space, the earth looks blue. This is_____ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.(20xx安徽卷)

A. why B. how C. because D. whether

4. _____ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. （20xx北京卷）

A. That B. What C. Who D. Which

5. Experts believe _____ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. （20xx北京卷）

A. why B. where C. that D. what

6. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory. (20xx湖南卷)

…… …… 余下全文

名词性从句

主语从句 宾语从句 名词性从句 表语从句 同位语从句

以that引导

以whether/if引导 名词性从句结构 以特殊疑问句引导

以what或wh-ever等连接代词引导（名词性关系从句）

一、主语从句

1. 以that引导的主语从句

That从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语

①it + be + 形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable…）+ that从句

②it + be + 名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise…）+ that从句

③it + be + 过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, decided…）+ that从句

即形容词/名词词组/过去分词 形式主语 真正主语

在口语和非正式文体中，that可省略，尤其很短的句子，that不必要，但是that从句位于句首时，that绝不可省略 2. whether引导的主语从句

强调主语从句谓语句首只能用whether，不可用if代替

主语从句在句末，whether和if均可

3. 特殊疑问词引导的主语从句

常用it作形式主语

连接代词who, which和连接副词when, where, how, why都可引导主语从句，不可省

如句子是疑问句式，则必须用it引导 4. 名词性关系从句（以what或wh-ever等连接代词引导的名词性关系从句） what或wh-ever引导主语从句

…… …… 余下全文

名词性从句知识点总结

　在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一． 主语从句

主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如：

    a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.  你不去看那场电影真可惜。

    b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.　我对你成功与否不感兴趣。

    c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.　谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型）

    d) It is John that broke the window.　是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型）

2. 用it 作形式主语的结构

(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句

          It is a fact that …                      事实是…

…… …… 余下全文

名词性从句知识归纳

名词性从句是指在句子中相当于名词的从句，主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句不是修饰性从句，而是复合句中的主干。

e.g. That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. （主语从句）

    I know that he is writing his composition in his room. （宾语从句）

The question is how we can finish it on time. （表语从句）

The fact that some Chinese are still pooris really a great problem. （同位语从句）

名词性从句的连接词：

一、宾语从句---及物动词、介词、部分形容词（certain, sure, glad, afraid, frightened, happy, pleased, sad, sorry, surprised, upset, satisfied等）后

e.g. I believe (that) he is honest. (that不充当从句内的任何成分，一般情况可省略)

    I’m glad that you are satisfied with your job. (that不充当从句内的任何成分)

    He doesn’t care if/whether it isn’t a fine day. (if/whether不充当从句内的任何成分)

Please tell me what you want.(what充当从句内的宾语)

She always thinks of how she can work well.  (how充当从句内的状语)

…… …… 余下全文

Grammar语法

英语五种基本句型列式如下：

基本句型一： Ｓ+Ｖ （主＋谓） The moon rose.

基本句型二： Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ （主＋系＋表）He is a teacher.

基本句型三： Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 1. he knows the answer.

基本句型四： Ｓ+Ｖ+ｏ+Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）I gave you an apple

基本句型五： Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）I ask you to leave.

名词性从句

一．定义：

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当

于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因

此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、引导名词性从句的连接词

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

1.连词：that（无任何词意，在宾语从句中可省略，其他不省）

2.whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性，if只用于宾语从句）

3.as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎” 用于表语从句中）

以上在从句中均不充当任何成分

4连接代词.what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever

which.whichever, whose,（主 宾 表 定）

5.连接副词：when, where, how, why（状语）

不可省略的连词：

1. 介词后的连词

2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。

That she was chosen made us very happy.

We heard the news that our team had won.

…… …… 余下全文