初中语法总结——时态

1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有： Be 动词：

She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.

情态动词：

I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.

行为动词：

They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.

Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.

2、现在进行时

表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.

I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.

Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.

They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.

语法总结——句式

1.陈述句 肯定陈述句

a) This is a book. (be动词)

b) He looks very young. (连系动词)

c) I want a sweat like this. (实义动词)

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7A Unit 1 牛津初中英语语法归纳

一般现在时 (is /am/are, do / does)的肯定、否定和疑问形式。

例：My hair is long.

Cats eat fish.

He goes to school on foot every day. 7A Unit 2 1．人称代词 —— 主格 ：I , you , he, she, it, we, they. 在句中作主语。

例： We/ I / You/ They have lunch at school. He / She/ It looks at me.

2．人称代词 —— 宾格 ：me, you, him, her, it, us, them在句中作宾语。

例： The teacher often helps us / me/ him/ her/ them. 7A Unit 3

7A Unit 4

7A Unit 5

7A Unit 6

7B Unit 1

7B Unit 2 1. 时间介词 at, on, in 2. 疑问词：what, which, who, whose, when, where, why, how 3. some, any 的用法 1． 频率副词 never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always 2． There be 结构表示“某个地方客观存在”。 现在进行时 is/ am/are + doing 表示正在进行的动作. 1. can , may表示“允许、可以”。 2. 顺序副词： first, then, next, afterwards, finally. 1． 方位介词：in front of, between, next to, between, opposite, on 2． 基数词：one, two, three, four,… 3． 序数词：first, second, third, fourth….

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初中英语语法

一．名词 I. 名词的种类：

II. 名词的数：

1. 规则名词的复数形式：

名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：

2. 不规则名词复数：

英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：

III. 名词的所有格：

名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。 1. ’s所有格的用法： 3. of所有格的用法：

用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book

有时也用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students 二．冠词

冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the）。 I. 不定冠词的用法：

II. 定冠词的用法：

三．代词：

I. 代词可以分为以下七大类：

四．形容词和副词 I. 形容词： 1. 形容词的位置：

1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：

II. 副词 副词的分类：

III. 形容词和副词比较等级：

形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。

1 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, any,。

2. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.

3 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day. 4. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：

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Unit 1 school and friends

? Key grammar: Verb “be”(am, is ,are)的用法 I am fine. What is your name?

Are you/they/we in class five? Is this/that/it your ruler?

? Form (形式)

Singular(单数)

Subject(代词) be

I am

You are

He

She is in class.

It The boy

?

1.

2.

3.

? Function (用法) Affirmative statements with be Negative statements with be Affirmative contractions with be Practice Plural（复数） Subject Be We You are friends. they the boys

1.What___ your name?

2.--Is it a pencil?

No, it ___ .It’s a pen

? 口诀

I am是真理，

He ,she, it 是is

其它我们都用are

Uint2 personal pronouns and possessive pronouns(人称代词和物主代词)

Uint3 1 verb“have”（have，has）:have的用法 2plural forms of nouns(名词复数形式) Uint4 1countable and uncountable nouns(可数名词与不可数名词)

2simple present tense

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初中语法总结及练习

〔五〕介词

介词不能独自作句子成分，必须与名词或代词等构成介词短语，才可以担任句子的成分。介词短语可以在句中作表语Who’s ___________(值日) today？/定语The man__________ (穿红色) is his uncle./状语Your grandma doesn’t look old_________ (对于她的年龄)./宾语补足语He left the key________ (在家里)和独立成分________________________ (顺便问一下)。

一、 介词的分类

1）             表示地点: at/in, in/to (the east of), on/under/over/above/below, in/into/out of, over, under, between/among/around, at/beside/near/next to, behind/in front of, about, across/along/through, down, before/after, to/for/from, towards, with, without
※over还有其他含义：①遍及：all over the country(world)  ②超过：相当于more than。He is over 40.③在那边；越过 over there
※for还有其他的用法：①表原因，表示“为了……” for the motherland.②表示“拥护”，“支持” for or against③表示“以……价格”。How much do you want to buy it for?④表示“就……而说”。 for his age.

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初中语法总结及练习

〔五〕介词

介词不能独自作句子成分，必须与名词或代词等构成介词短语，才可以担任句子的成分。介词短语可以在句中作表语Who’s ___________(值日) today？/定语The man__________ (穿红色) is his uncle./状语Your grandma doesn’t look old_________ (对于她的年龄)./宾语补足语He left the key________ (在家里)和独立成分________________________ (顺便问一下)。

一、 介词的分类

1）             表示地点: at/in, in/to (the east of), on/under/over/above/below, in/into/out of, over, under, between/among/around, at/beside/near/next to, behind/in front of, about, across/along/through, down, before/after, to/for/from, towards, with, without
※over还有其他含义：①遍及：all over the country(world)  ②超过：相当于more than。He is over 40.③在那边；越过 over there
※for还有其他的用法：①表原因，表示“为了……” for the motherland.②表示“拥护”，“支持” for or against③表示“以……价格”。How much do you want to buy it for?④表示“就……而说”。 for his age.

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初中语法总结及练习

〔六〕连词

连词用来连接词，短语，从句或句子。连词在句中(能/不能)单独使用。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。

1) 并列连词

※表并列关系：and, both? and/not only? but (also)/as well, neither.. nor

※表转折关系：but, yet, however, still, while

※表选择关系：or, either? or ※表因果关系：for, so, therefore

2) 从属连词用来引导从句

※表时间：as/ when/while, before/after, till/until, since, as soon as

※表地点：where(ever) ※表条件：if/unless(除非) ※表原因：because/as/since/now that ！because与so不能连用 ※表比较：than, as?as?/not as(so)?as/

※表让步：(al)though/even if(though) ! although与but不能连用 ※表目的：so that/ in order that ※表结果：so/such? that? ※表方式：as/as if (though) ※引导名词从句：that, if, whether

3) 常用连词的用法辨析

※ While, When, As三个连词都可引导时间状语从句如：As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.（表示某事进行中，又发生了另一事）但各词用法有所不同。①While常用表同时进行的两个长动作。如：While mother was cooking lunch, I _________ (do) my homework. ②When常用表示两动作先后发生。如：When(after) he (had) finished his work, he took a short rest. ③当从句是瞬间动词，主句是延续动词时，从句用when。如：When John arrived, I ______(cook) lunch. ④As常用来表示发展变化的两个动作。如：As the days get longer in the day, the nights get shorter in summer. ⑤As还可用来表示同时发生的两个短动作。如：She looked behind from time to time as she rode her bike home.

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