小学五年级数学上册方程知识点归纳总结
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1、小数乘整数的意义——求几个相同加数的和的简便运算。
如1:3χ表示χ的3倍是多少或3个χ的和的简便运算。
如2:1.5χ表示χ的1.5倍是多少或1.5个χ的和的简便运算。
2、 在乘法里:一个因数扩大几倍,另一个因数缩小相同的倍数,积不变。(这叫做积不变性质)
3、在除法里:被除数和除数同时扩大(或缩小)相同的倍数,商的大小不变。(这叫做商不变性质)
4. 乘法分配律: a×(b ± c) = a×b ± a×c
5、(P45)在含有字母的式子里,字母中间的乘号可以简记“·”,也可以省略不写。(注意:加号、减号、除号以及数与数之间的乘号不能省略。字母与数字相乘简写时,数字写在字母前面。)
6、(P46)a×a可以写作a·a或a²,a²读作a的平方或a的二次方。 2a表示a+a
7、(P54)方程:含有未知数的等式称为方程。(所有的方程都是等式,但等式不一定都是等式。)
使方程左右两边相等的未知数的值,叫做方程的解。
求方程的解的过程叫做解方程。
(方程的解是一个数;解方程是一个计算过程。)
8、(P55、56)解方程原理:天平平衡。
等式左右两边同时加、减、乘、除相同的数(0除外),等式依然成立。
9、加、减、乘、除运算数量关系式:
加法:和=加数+加数 一个加数=和-两一个加数
减法:差=被减数-减数 被减数=差+减数 减数=被减数-差
乘法:积=因数×因数 一个因数=积÷另一个因数
除法:商=被除数÷除数 被除数=商×除数 除数=被除数÷商
10、解方程的方法:
方法一:利用天平平衡原理(即等式的性质)解方程;
方法二:利用加、减、乘、除运算数量关系解方程。
11、常用数量关系式:
路程=(速度)×(时间) 速度=(路程)÷(时间) 时间=(路程)÷(速度)
总价=(单价)×(数量) 单价=(总价)÷(数量) 数量=(总价)÷(单价)
总产量=(单产量)×(数量) 单产量=(总产量)÷(数量) 数量=(总产量)÷(单价 )
大数-小数=相差数 大数-相差数=小数 小数+相差数=大数
一倍量×倍数=几倍量 几倍量÷倍数=一倍量 几倍量÷一倍量=倍数
工作总量=(工作效率)×(工作时间) 工作效率=(工作总量)÷(工作时间)
工作时间=(工作总量)÷(工作效率)
12、列方程解应用题的一般步骤:
1、弄清题意,找出未知数,并用表示。(解设)
2、找出应用题中数量之间的相等关系,列方程。(找关系)
3、解方程。(列)
4、检验,写出答案。(验)
13、方程的检验过程:因为方程左边=……
……=方程右边 ,所以,X=…是方程的解。
第二篇:小学五年级英语知识点归纳
五年级上册
Unit 1 my new teachers
We have a new English teacher. 我们有一个新英语老师。
Who’s your English teacher? 谁是你们的英语老师?
Mr Carter. He’s from Canada. 卡特先生。他来自加拿大。
What’s he like? 他长得怎样?
He’s tall and strong. He’s very funny. 他又高又强壮。他很滑稽。
Young funny tall strong kind old short thin strict active funny quiet
Unit 2 my days of the week
What day is it today? It’s Monday. 今天星期几?今天星期一。
What do we have on Monday? 我们星期一有什么课?
Let me see. 让我看看。
We have English, science, computer and P.E on Monday.
我们星期一有英语,科学,电脑和体育课。
What do you do on Saturday? 你星期六干什么?
I often do my homework and watch TV. 我通常做作业和看电视。
What about you/ 你呢?
I often do housework and read books. 我通常做家务活和看书。
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday weekday weekend tomorrow today English moral education social study Chinese science maths do homework read books watch TV play computer games do housework
Unit 3 what’s your favouirite food?
What do you have for lunch today/on Monday? 你今天/星期一中餐吃什么?
We have tomatoes, tofu and fish. 我们吃番茄、豆腐和鱼。
What’s your favorite food? 你最喜欢的食物是什么?
I like apples. They are sweet. 我喜欢苹果,他们很甜。
What would you like for dinner? 你晚餐想吃点什么?
I’d like potatoes. 我想吃土豆。
cabbage pork mutton eggplant fish bean green beans tofu potato tomato grape fruit tasty sweet sour fresh healthy salty
Unit 4 what can you do?
What can you do? 你会干什么?
I can clean the bedroom. 我会打扫房间。
Can you cook the meals? 你会烧饭吗?
Yes, I can./ no, I can’t. 会/不会。
I’m helpful. Are you helpful at home? 我是有帮助的。你在家里会干活吗?
I’d like to have a try. 我想要试一试。
empty the trash cook the meals water the flowers sweep the floor wash the window clean the bedroom do housework set the table do the dishes wash the clothes make the bed
use a computer put away the clothes
play chess
Unit 5 my new room
Is this your bedroom? 这是你的房间吗?
Where is the trash bin? 垃圾桶在哪里?
It’s behind the door. 在门后。
What’s it like? 它什么样子?
There is a big closet, a new air-conditioner and two end tables.
那儿有一个大衣柜、一个新空调和两张床头柜。
air-conditioner curtain trash bin closet mirror end table
bedroom kitchen bathroom living room in on near
under behind over in front of
Unit 6 in a nature park
There is a forest in the nature park.. 在自然公园里有一个森林。
There are many small houses in my village. 在我们村庄有许多小房子。
Is there a mountain? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t. 有高山吗?有的/没有。
Are there any bridges over the river? Yes, there are./ No, there aren’t.
河上有桥吗?有的/没有。
sky cloud mountain river flower grass lake forest path
park farm village city house bridge tree road building air
1. It’s timelunch.
(read) books?
is today? 今天星期几?
Sunday.
is the first day of a week.
(not have) English on Saturday.
do you often do on Mondays?
do you have English?
cakes ?
五年级下册
Unit 1 This is my day
When do you do morning exercises? 你几点钟做早操?
I usually eat breakfast at 7:00. 我通常七点钟吃早饭。
What do you do on the weekend? 你周末干什么?
I often visit my grandparents. 我常常去看望祖父母。
Sometimes I go hiking. 有时候我去远足。
do morning exercises eat breakfast get up
have English class play sports eat dinner
climb mountains go shopping go hiking
visit grandparents play the piano
when evening noon weekend usually often sometimes
Unit 2 what’s your favourite season?
What’s your favourite season? =Which season do you like best?
你最喜欢的季节是什么?
My favourite season is summer.=I like summer best.
我最喜欢夏天。
Why do you like winter? 你为什么喜欢冬天?
Because I can play with snow. 因为我可以在雪里玩。
What’s the weather like in spring? 春天的天气怎样?
It’s windy and warm. 有风的,很暖和。
Summer is good, but fall is my favourite season.
夏天很好,但是秋天才使我最喜欢的季节。
Spring summer fall winter season which why because best swim sleep fly kites skate plant trees make a snowman
Unit 3 when is your birthday?
When is your birthday? 你的生日在什么时候?
My birthday is in May. 我的生日在五月。
Is your birthday in May, too? 你的生日也在五月吗?
No, my birthday is in April. 不,我的生日在四月。
How many birthdays are there in January? 一月里有多少个人过生日?
When is the National Day? 国庆节在什么时候?
It’s October 1st. 十月x日。
What’s the date? 几号?
January (Jan.) February (Feb.) March (Mar.)
April May June July August(Aug.)
September(Sept.) October(Oct.) November( Nov.)
December(Dec.) birthday
Unit 4 what are you doing?
What are you doing? 你在干什么?
I’m doing the dishes. 我在洗碗碟。
Are you drawing pictures? 你在画画吗?
What’s your father doing? 你爸爸在干什么?
He is writing an e-mail. 他在写电子邮件。
Can I speak to Amy? 我能找Amy 吗?
Please hold on. 请稍等。
She’s doing homework in the study. 他正在书房做作业。
Draw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone listen to music write a letter clean the room write an e-mail
Unit 5 look at the ms
Look at the tiger! 看老虎!
It’s jumping! 它在跳!
The rabbit is running. 兔子在跑。
What is it doing? 她在干什么?
It’s eating bananas. 它正在吃香蕉。
What are the elephants doing? 大象在干什么?
They are drinking. 它们在喝水。
Fly jump walk run swim kangaroo
sleep climb fight swing drink water
Unit 6 a field trip
What’s Sarah doing? Sarah正在干什么?
She’s doing an experiment. 她正在做实验。
Are they catching butterflies? Yes, they are. 她们正在捉蝴蝶吗?是的。
Are you eating lunch? No, we aren’t. 你们正在吃中饭吗?不。
Is he taking pictures? 他正在照相吗?
No, he isn’t. / yes, he is. 不/是的。
Take pictures watch insects pick up leaves
Do an experiment catch butterflies play chess
count insects collect leaves write a report have a picnic
1、 is Sarah? She is in the car.
2、The elephants often ________ water with ________ trunks .
3、_______ Zhang Peng and Mike playing chess in the room ?
4、the rabbit ______________(run) now.
5、The ms can ________(swing) in the tree..