名词性从句
基础训练
1.（荆州20xx届高三质检）Science and technology is developing rapidly and it’s hard to predict
___________ in another 20 years. (like)
科学技术日新月异，很难预测再过xx年世界会是什么样。
解析：what the world will be/look like考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，predict后为宾语从
句。宾语从句的主语为the world, 谓语动词是look like(看上去像)，所以在宾语从句中缺少like
的宾语，结合句意可知，应用what引导此宾语从句。由时间状语in another 20 years可知从句
的谓语动词要用一般将来时态。
2. （20xx汉阳联考）It never occurred to me ____________________________a new life in a
strange city. (tough)
我完全没想到在一个陌生的城市开始一种新的生活有多么的难。
解析：how tough it was to begin考查主语从句。在句中it作形式主语，代指从句的内容，所以
此题考查的是主语从句。根据汉语意思可知要用how引导此主语从句，how之后要跟形容词，
在从句中it作形式主语，代指不定式to begin a new life。
3. （武昌区20xx届高三调研）With more attention paid to environment protection, our country
has made the regulation the sulfur content in fuel oil． （limit）
随着对环境保护的更加关注，国家制订了规定：工厂应该限制燃油中的含硫量。
解析：that factories should limit考查同位语从句。factories should limit the sulfur content in fuel oil
是the regulation的具体内容，所以空格后为同位语从句。在此从句中不缺少任何成分，所以
用连接词that, that引导同位语从句时虽然在从句中不作任何成分，但是不能省略。
4. （黄冈中学20xx届月考）With the 20xx World Cup a distant memory, the country is doing
_____________________bid for the 2022 World Cup. (what)
在 20xx年世界杯已坠入史册时，这个国家正尽一切所能去申办2022世界杯。
解析：what it can （do）to考查宾语从句。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，doing后为宾语从
句，在宾语从句中缺少do的宾语，所以要用what引导此宾语从句。to bid for the 2022 World Cup
在句中作目的状语。
5. （黄冈中学20xx届月考）I don’t know ________________ that our headmaster was absent from
such an important meeting. (why)
我不知道到底为什么我们的校长缺席如此重要的会议。
解析：why it was考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，动词know后为宾语从句。根据提示词
及句意可知要用why引导此宾语从句。由题干中的that可知，宾语从句中含有强调结构，强
调的是原因状语。
6. （湖北重点中学20xx届高三联考）I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached __________ a large market. (look)
当我们到达一个看起来像大市场的地方，我就看不见王平了。
解析：what looked like / the place which/that looked like考查从句。分析句子结构可知，reach
之后为宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知要用what引导此宾语从句。look like
意为“看上去像”。 也可以用the place作动词reach的宾语，用定语从句修饰the place。
7. （湖北八校20xx届联考）________ in the Wall Street Journal that Apple has already asked its
suppliers to increase production of the gold model iPhone 5S to meet the market demand. (report)
《华尔街日报》已经报道，苹果公司已经通知供货方增加生产金色的iPhone 5S以满足市场需
求。
解析：It has been reported考查主语从句。It is reported that?意为“据报道”。在此结构中it作形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。根据汉语提示可知，句子的谓语动词要用完成时态。
8. （润德20xx届高三月考）It has been announced in the media _________________ our school this May. (visit)
这位总统将于今年x月访问我校，这在媒体上已经公布了。
解析：that the president will visit考查主语从句。It is announced that ?意为“据宣布??”，在此结构中it作形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。根据汉语提示可知，从句的谓语动词要用一般将来时。
9. （浠水三校20xx届联考）There is no doubt __________________ his injury in time for the race next week. (recover)
毫无疑问，他会及时恢复伤痛并参加下星期的比赛。
解析：that he will recover from考查同位语从句。当doubt用于肯定句时，后面的名词性从句的连接词常用whether或if；当doubt用于否定句或疑问句时，后面名词性从句的连接词用that。根据句意可知，从句的谓语动词要用一般将来时。
10. （黄石二中、黄冈中学、鄂州高中20xx届高三联考）______ is that the earth travels around the sun and the moon moves round the earth.(what)
我们都知道地球围绕着太阳转，月亮围绕着地球转。
解析：What is known to us all /What we all know考查名词性从句。分析句子成分可知is前为主语，所以所填空格处为主语从句。根据提示词可知，要用what引导此主语从句，what在从句中作be known to sb.的主语或者作动词know的宾语。
11. (20xx武汉高三起点调研) with Big Tom is that he is very good at cooking. (interesting)
大汤姆非常有趣的地方是他非常善于烹饪。
解析：What is interesting考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，is前为主语从句，在主语从句中缺少主语，所以要用what引导此主语从句。
12. （湖北重点中学20xx届联考）The measure of a man’s real character is ________________ if he knew he would never be found out. (do)
衡量一个人真正品质的标准是看如果他知道他不会被别人发现的情况下他会做些什么事。 解析：what he would do考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，is后为表语从句，在表语从句中缺少提示词do的宾语，所以要用what引导此表语从句。
提高强化
1. （龙泉中学20xx届高三月考）_______________________ at 20xx World Swimming Championships made us all very proud. (win)
孙杨在20xx年游泳世锦赛上夺得三枚金牌使我们都非常骄傲。
解析：That Sun Yang (had) won three gold medals /Sun Yang’s winning three gold medals考查名词性从句或者非谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，句子的谓语动词为made, 宾语为us，very proud为宾语补足语，所以题干中缺少主语。我们可以用主语从句作主语，主语从句的主语为Sun Yang，谓语动词为(had) won，宾语为three gold medals，所以从句中不缺少任何句子成分且意思相对完整，所以要用that引导此主语从句，且that不能省略。我们也可以用win的动名词的复合结构作主语。
2.（黄冈润德高中20xx届月考）He has made a promise to his boss _____________________ in three days as long as he can get to the destination in time. (return )
他向他老板承诺只要他能及时达到目的地就会三天后回来。
解析：that he’ll return 考查同位语从句。分析句子可知，“只要他能及时达到目的地就会三天后回来”是“承诺”的具体内容，因此所缺部分为同位语从句。在此从句中不缺少任何成分，且句意相对完整，所以用连接词that。 that引导同位语从句时虽然在从句中不作任何成分，但是不能省略。由时间状语in three days可知，从句的谓语动词，要用一般将来时。
3. （襄阳20xx届高三调研）What we can learn from successful women is a girl outstanding is not her appearance but her personality． （make）
从成功女性身上我们可以学习到：让一个女孩耀眼的不是她的外表而是她的个性。
解析：that what makes考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，第一个is后为表语从句，第二个is为表语从句的系动词，所以表语从句中又含有主语从句。在主语从句中谓语动词为提示词make,宾语为a girl，主语句中缺少主语，结合句意可知要用what引导此主语从句。由此可知，表语从句不缺少任何句子成分，且句意相对完整，所以要用that引导此表语从句，且that不能省略。
4. （20xx届孝感高中调研）Do you still remember ___________________ that you mother showed you around the Great Wall? (when)
你还记得你母亲究竟是何时带你参观长城的吗？
解析：when it was考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，remember后为宾语从句，根据句意及提示词可知，要用when引导此宾语从句。由句意及题干中的that可知，宾语从句中含有强调结构，强调的时间状语。
5. （20xx湖北八市联考）The 43-year-old says that is the unpredictability of the waves. (make)
这位43岁的人说使这项运动如此刺激的就是海浪的不可预测性。
解析：what makes the sport so exciting 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，that后为宾语从句，在宾语从句中缺少is前的主语，所以所填空格处为主语从句。结合句意及提示词可知主语从句的谓语动词为make，宾语为the sport，所以主语从句中缺少主语，故用what引导此主语从句。
6. （湖北八校20xx届联考 ）Many people are curious about ____________________helped her win the Australian Open title.（it）
很多人想知道是什么帮助她赢得澳网冠军。
解析：what it was that考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，介词about后为宾语从句。在宾语从句中缺少主语，故应用what引导此宾语从句。由给出的提示词并结合句意可知，宾语从句中含有强调结构，强调的是宾语从句的主语。
7.（黄冈20xx年高三3月质检）____________you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (matter) 在这家商店，你是用现金还是用信用卡结账都没关系。
解析:It doesn’t matter whether考查名词性从句。由句意可知“you pay by cash or credit card”为句子的主语，句子的主语较长，为了使句子结构协调，要用it作形式主语，代指从句的内容。在从句中不缺少句子成分，但是缺少“是否”的意思，所以要用whether引导此主语从句。
8. （20xx襄阳高三调研）When asked __________________that he did to make his students crazy about his lessons, the teacher smiled without saying anything. (what)
被问及他是做了什么让学生如此喜爱他的课时，他笑而不答。
解析：what it was考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，ask后为宾语从句，在宾语从句中缺少did的宾语，所以要用what引导此宾语从句。由句子中的that可知，宾语从句中含有强调结构。强调结构的基本构成为：It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who/whom＋其他。在强调结构中，在任何情况下都可以用that连接。在句中强调的是宾语从句的宾语，即连接代词what。
第二篇：20xx届高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——名词性从句
20xx届高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——名词性从句 ◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.
A. that B. what
C. that that D. what what
【陷阱】可能误选B.许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不太可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择了B.
【分析】正确答案选 D.第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。
2. After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.
A. which B. how
C. what D. having
【陷阱】可能误选A.
【分析】最佳答案选 C.有的同学误选A，是因为认为介词后应接关系代词 which，但实际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个定语从句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主语，所以B和D也不能选。请再做下面一题（答案选B）：
He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.”
A. that B. what
C. which D. as
3.“Is ______ you want to say？” asked the teacher.
A. this B. that
C. all that D. that all
【陷阱】根据中文字面意思误选A或B.
【分析】最佳答案选 D.假若选A或B，那么转换成陈述句即为：This is you want to say. / That is you want to say. 显然句中的两个谓语动词 is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是 Is that all you want to say？ 其中的that 为句子主语，all 为表语，you want to say 为定语从句，用以修饰all.
4. “When ______ leave for Japan？” “When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.”
A. they will, will they B. will they, they will
C. they will, they will D. will they, will they
【陷阱】可能误选D，认为 when 后应用疑问句词序。
【分析】最佳答案选 B.第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用疑问词序；第二个 when 引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。请做以下试题（答案选C）：
（1） None knows if _______ that boy, but if _______ him, her parents will be disappointed.
A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marries
C. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry
（2） “Where _______ go to work？” “Where _______ go to work is not known.”
A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall we
C. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we
5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ______.
A. who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为D.首先可以排除A和C，因为空格处实为一个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，但按英语习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，要用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。比较以下两句：
Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. 史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。
Someone is at the door. It may be the postman. 有个人在门口，可能是邮递员。
第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith，所以后面用代词 he；而第二句因前面用的是不定代词 someone，说明此人身份尚不明确，故其后用了代词 it 来指代。
6. Don’t you know, my dear friend, ______ it is your money not you that she loves？
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
【陷阱】此题容易误选 A或B：选 A 的同学认为这是指人的，故用who；选B的同学认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句（注意没有先行词）。
【分析】其实答案应选C.that引导的是一个宾语从句，用作动词 know 的宾语，它只是被句中的插入语 my dear friend 隔开罢了。请做以下试题（答案均为C）：
（1） Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _______ your girl-friend is a cheat.
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
（2） I think, though I could be mistaken, ______ she liked me.
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
（3） He told me the news, believe it or not, ______ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.
A. that B. which
C. as D. because
前面两题 that 引导宾语从句，后面一题 that同位语从句（修饰the news）。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall.
A. it B. which
C. that D. what
2. Patience is a kind of quality — and that is ___A___ it takes to do anything well.
A. what B. which
C. which D. how
3. It has come to my notice _______ some of you have missed classes.
A. what B. which
C. that D. when
4. “What were you trying to prove to the police？” “___ I was last night.”
A. That B. When
C. Where D. What
5. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is ______ he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.
A. that B. why
C. where D. what
6. It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when
C. what D. how
7. _______ she couldn’t understand was ______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What; why B. That; what
C. What; because D. Why; that
8. _______ we are doing has never been done before.
A. That B. What
C. Which D. Whether
9. People have heard _______ the President has said; they are waiting to see _______ he will do.
A. how, how B. what, what
C. when, how D. that, what
10. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule： Always give the monkey exactly _______ he wants.
A. what B. which
C. when D. that
11. These wild flowers are so special I would do _______ I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that
C. which D. whichever
12. _______ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.
A. What B. That
C. When D. Because
13. Eat ______ cake you like and leave the others for ______ comes in late.
A. any, whoB. every, whoever
C. whichever, whoeverD. either, whoever
14. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _______ I got wet through.
A. It’s the reasonB. That’s why
C. There’s whyD. That’s because
15. ____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. WhoB. The one
C. Anyone D. Whoever
16. _______ medicine works in a human body is a question _______ not everyone can understand fully.
A. How; thatB. That; which
C. That; whichD. What; that
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选D.what made matters worse 是主语从句（注意其后有谓语动词was），相当于 the thing that made matters worse.
2. 选A.what 引导的是表语从句，相当于 the thing that it takes to do anything well.
3. 选C.that 引导的是一个主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。
4. 选 C.答句为省略句，其完整形式为 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night，在此 where 引导的是一个宾语从句。类似地，下面选 C：
“_______ made her struggle to become an artist so hard？” “______ she was a woman.”
A. What, What B. That, That
C. What, That D. That, What
5. 选D.what 引导的是表语从句，what 在此相当于 the things that.
6. 选 C.句首的 it 是形式主语，空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中又缺主语，故排除A、B、D.（注意：不能选 A，因为 that 引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分）
7. 选 A.第一空填 what，是因为该主语从句中的动词 understand 缺宾语；why 和
because 均可引导表语从句，其区别是： why 引导表语从句强调结果，because 引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格后文表明的是结果，故用 why.
8. B.what 在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语，它相当于 the thing that.
9. B.两空均填 what，均用于引导宾语从句，因为两个宾语从句中的动词 said 和do 均缺宾语，而在各个选项中只有 what 可用作宾语。
10. 选 A.what 引导宾语从句。由于动词 wants 缺宾语，所以填 what.句意是：当你找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。
11. 选 A.I can to save them 为 I can do to save them 之略，此句中的 do 缺宾语，故选 whatever.
12. 选 B.that 在此引导主语从句，无词义，也不充当句子成分。注意不要根据中文意思选 D，因为 because 不用于引导主语从句。
13. 选 C.两个空格处均为引导宾语从句的引导词，而四个选项中两者可引导宾语从句的只有 C.
14. 选 B.比较 That’s why… 与 That’s because…：前者用于强调结果，后者用于强调原因。如下面一题选 D：
I got wet all through. _______ I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.
A. It’s the reason B. That’s why
C. There’s why D. That’s because
15. 选 D.由 is worth praising 这一谓语可知前面是主语从句，排除不能引导从句的 B 项和 C 项；whoever 引导主语从句表示“任何……的人”，在此它相当于 anyone who.
16. 选 A.how 引导主语从句，that 引导同位语从句。