在教学中我们时常问学生：“你们最喜欢做那一类型的阅读题？”得到的答案都是：“在原文中能直接找到的。”

这类题型在低年级主要是根据文章内容填空，一般可以直接摘抄，但到了高年级这类题目也有所变化，通常有下面四种：

1.选词填空； 2.补写词句；3.抓对应性词句填空； 4.回答指代词的指代义。

不可否认文章是一切答案之根本。有些试题我们可以在原文的基础上，通过提炼加工，用“加一加”或者“减一减”，从文章中直接提取信息来回答问题；但还有一些题目，我们则需要结合全文内容，挖掘句子的隐含信息，经过缜密的思考，寻求、概括、提炼完美的答案。

具体操作方法如下：

1. 回答选词填空类型题目，需要联系上下文、词语搭配关系；

2. 回答补写词句类题目，需要联系上下文、抓中心（过渡句、中心句、点题句）；

3. 回答抓对应性词句填空类型题目，需要找标志性词句、找标志性标点、找照应句；

4. 回答指代词的指代义，有时指代词前边半句话，有时需要提炼。

无论是摘取原文还是归纳概括，都要紧扣文章内容，答案考虑成熟之后，还需要注意语言的表达。

语言简洁明了，能达到事半功倍的效果；重复罗嗦，不得要领，往往会出力不讨好。在答题之后，如果时间允许，要重读全文内容，充满信心地进行复查，以确保答案万无一失！

1.看到文章题目，就用圆圈圈出题眼，推断文章的构思；

2.看到文章中心句或点题句就画上双横线，明了文章的立意；

3.找到文章记叙描写的对应性句子就画上波浪线，体会作者的情感，体会写具体的方法；

4.找到文章中标志行文线索的时间词、地点词或者反复句就画上横线，把握文章的结构；

5.用 ①②③等数字序号标志出文章事例或者细节的数量及位置，体会文章的选材与表达。

一是找准答题区间。

可以根据题目中的自然段标示，或其中的关键词句，亦或者说标志性的字眼，找到题干在文中的位置，将其前后定为答题区域。

二是锁定答案或提炼答案。

答案的锁定是一个细致的工作，必须耐心细心，它可能在原文章中的题干前后，我们要善于抓关键字眼，如：标点符号或者提示性文字。

当然，提炼答案也不可忽视，要从筛选的信息中提炼出有概括性的信息，就需要大家注意层次清楚，突出关键词。

笔记符号读懂文章是前提，深层剖析文章是答题的保障。在这双向护航下，让阅读丢分的烦恼离你而去！

理解含义深刻的句子是应试阅读考察的重要方面。通常考察的题目类型有：

1.联系文章，说说你对这句话的理解？

2.这句话反映了作者怎样的心情？

3.请你对这句话换一种说法。

4.文中为什么这样说？

应试阅读考查理解含义深刻的句子，一般就是指理解文章中的关键词句。

常见的关键性词句有以下这些：

1.点明题旨的句子（包括中心句、总结句）；

2.描写、议论、抒情的句子（蕴涵哲理的句子）；

3.起承上启下作用的过渡句；

4.相互照应的句子；

5.运用各种修辞手法的句子（如比喻、拟人、夸张、排比、对偶、反复、设问、反问，特别是引用的句子）。

怎样回答此类考查理解能力的题目？我将结合自己的教学主要谈谈自己的3个感受：

1.理解含义深刻的句子，就是你要把人家的话重新说一遍，让听众能听懂，其实有时候只需我们把句式改一下、语序调一下、生僻难懂的词语解释一下，就行了；

2.理解含义深刻的句子，大多都与文章的主题有关，所以要弄清楚文章的主题及作者的情感倾向，当然还要把握文章的主要内容，能在整篇文章的语境中来理解；

3.理解含义深刻的句子，还要体会作者为什么这么说？能把作者的写作意图弄清楚，这句的深刻含义也就明白了。

在做应试阅读的这类题目时，如果洞悉了以上规律，相信定能给大家一定的帮助！

第二篇：打印阅读技巧

技巧和原则：

1、不能仅凭借印象做题。 “不看文章时，看似极其合理的选项不是答案，看似不太合理的选项往往是答案” 四个选择项中若有一个对问题而言、根据常识看似不合理，而其他几项根据常识都可合理地作为问题的答案，此时若我们没看懂文中意思，我们可以大胆猜测这个看似不合理的选项是答案。作为答案的选项看起来不合理的原因可能是其中某个词不是常用意义。若根据其通常意义理解则该选项看起来当然不合理，也可能是一些特定的理由，无论是哪种情况，都有助于使试题具有难度。

2、一般对原文进行同义替换的是答案。同义替换的手段有a)关键词替换 b)句型替换 c)正话反说 d)语言简化。总之，换汤不换药。

3、“完全照抄原文的选项往往不是答案和原文作关键词同义替换的选项往往是答案” 在设计题目时，为了迷惑考生，命题者一般都会将原文中的内容换个说法作为正确答案的选项。而将某些与题干问题不符的原文原话生拉硬扯过来作为干扰项，或将原文中的某些句子做了细微的改变引诱考生上当，所以当原文中最变态最生涩的词汇在选项中出现的时候，该选项往往是错误答案。

4、“体现中心思想的选项往往是答案” 文章中所有的细节、例子、引语都是为了说明文章主旨、段落主旨，所以考细节的题目，虽然不是主旨题，但能体现中心思想的选项是答案的可能性要远远大于其他选项。

5、“语气委婉不绝对的选项往往是答案” 选项中的might等词语可以表达某种委婉、中庸、不肯定的语气，为表达的观点留有余地，而含义肯定的词语则使得句意有些绝对、没有余地。凡事都不能太绝对，阅读中含义不肯定的标志can could probably may might be likely to most more or less relatively assumably ordinarily presumedly about approximately almost nearly perhaps等。含有这些词的备选项是答案的可能性很大。

6、“语气过于绝对的选项往往不是答案” 凡事不可太绝对所以含义中庸、折中、不肯定、不确定的选项是答案的可能性要大于含义绝的选项。表示一种绝对含义的词语有must always never, the most(最高级)all, only any none entirely utterly by all means all to nothing to a certainty necessary dispensable indispensable certainly undoubtedly definitely surely等。也就是说，选项中含有上述词语时，是答案的可能性较小。

7、“含义具体、肤浅涉及到例子的选项往往不是答案，含义概括、抽象涉及中心大意的选项往往是答案” 有些题目的四个备选项中，有些备选项的意思过于具体或者肤浅，往往涉及到了例子中的某些特殊词汇，那么这样的选项往往都不是答案,出题老师一般希望大家能够选择深刻、概括、抽象的更有份量的选项为正确答案。

8、“含有某种、某些、某人的不确定的指代含义的选项往往是答案”这类词汇例如some,someone,somebody,something,certain,somewhat,sometime,somewhere

9、“含义丰富的小词往往是答案”特别是一些形容词、副词、介词。他们本身并没有什么意思，但句子中加了这些词含义会更加丰富、更加隐蔽，对付考生非常有效，而且这些词往往作答案，可称之为“虚词型的答案”。

不考本身，但要考another另一个other剩下的more更多的earlier早点的1ater晚点的besides除此之外additional额外的extra多余的eventually最终的

不考一般的，而要考especially特别的differently不同的particularly特殊的

不考完全的，而要考“nearly; almost

不考具体的，而考概括的either, both, also, as well考生碰到此问题要加倍小心。

10、“含有表示?发展变化?含义的选项往往是答案”阅读理解常常以一件事发生了变化为命题对象，所以“表示变化的选项是答案”表示变化的时间语主要有change delay improve postpone increase alter decrease decline expand develop grow evolution progress influence transfer

情态动词

情态动词的语法特征

1) 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。

2) 情态动词 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。

3) 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

4) 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。

比较can 和be able to

1)cancould 表示能力;可能 (过去时用could),

只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。

They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。

2)只用be able to

a. 位于助动词后。

b. 情态动词后。

c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。

d. 用于句首表示条件。

e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could。

He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.

= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.

注意：could不表示时态

1)提出委婉的请求，(注意在回答中不可用could)。

--- Could I have the television on?

--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't.

2)在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。

He couldn't be a bad man.

他不大可能是坏人。

比较may和might

1) 表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may 放在句首，表示祝愿。

May God bless you!

He might be at home.

注意： might 表示推测时，不表示时态。只是可能性比may 小。

2) 成语： may/might as well，后面接不带to 的不定式，意为"不妨"。

If that is the case, we may as well try.

典型例题

Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.

A. mustB. mayC. canD. will

答案B. 表可能性只能用may.此句意可从后半句推出。

比较have to和must

1)两词都是'必须'的意思，have to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。

My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)

He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)

2)have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表

示过去的必要或义务。

He had to look after his sister yesterday.

3) 在否定结构中： don't have to表示"不必"

mustn't表示"禁止"，

You don't have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。

You mustn't tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。

must表示推测

1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为"一定"。

2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时， must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。

You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断)

He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。

比较：

He must be staying there.

他现在肯定呆在那里。

He must stay there.

他必须呆在那。

3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。

I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep.我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。

4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接不定式的完成进行式。 ---Why didn't you answer my phone call?

---Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.

5) 否定推测用can't。

If Tom didn't leave here until five o'clock, he can't be home yet.如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。

表示推测的用法

can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下：

1)情态动词+动词原形。

表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。

I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.

2)情态动词+动词现在进行时。

表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。

At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.

这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。

3)情态动词+动词完成时。

表示对过去情况的推测。

We would have finished this work by the end of next December.

明年十二月底前我们很可能已完成这项工作了。

The road is wet. It must have rained last night.

地是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4)情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时。

表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。

Your mother must have been looking for you.

你妈妈一定一直在找你。

5)推测的否定形式，疑问形式用can't, couldn't表示。

Mike can't have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.

迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。

注意：could, might表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can, may。

情态动词+have+过去分词

1) may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth表示过去，推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。

Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

2)must have +done sth，对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测，语气较强，具有"肯定"，"谅必"的意思。

---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.

---She must have gone by bus.

3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth

本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示"不该做某事而做了"。

You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.(事实上已扔了。)

ought to 在语气上比should 要强。

4) needn't have done sth本没必要做某事

I dressed very warmly for the trip, but Ineedn't have done so. The weather was hot.

5) would like to have done sth本打算做某事

I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.

should和ought to

should 和ought to 都为"应该"的意思，可用于各种人称。

---Ought he to go?

---Yes. I think he ought to.

表示要求，命令时，语气由 should(应该)、had better最好)、must(必须)渐强。

had better表示最好

had better 相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。

had better do sth

had better not do sth

It is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat.

She'd better not play with the dog.

had better have done sth表示与事实相反的结果，意为"本来最好"。

You had better have come earlier.

would rather表示"宁愿"

would rather do

would rather not do

would rather… than…宁愿……而不愿。

还有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示"宁愿"、"宁可"的意思。

If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school.

I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home.

复合句 三大类从句

从句虽然不能单独成句，但也有主语和谓语部分。从句由一个关联词引导。

从句可分为：

? ? ? 形容词性从句 ? 定语从句

? ?

常见的同位语从句现行词（that之前的抽象名词）：

定语从句：

被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：一、引导定语从句。 二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。

引导定从的关系词有关系代词that，which，who，whose，和关系副词when，where和why。

1. 修饰物时关联词多用that和which，通常可互换，但在下列情况下，只用that不用which：

a. 先行词为不定代词，代替物时，定语从句that用引导。 注：

Is there anything that you want to explain?

In 1898 they declared that they believed there was something in nature which gave out radiation.

b. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词或等修饰时

This is the only reason that I can say. / This is the first step that can be taken. It is the best one that you may choose.

c. 先行词既指人又指物时。

My father and his teacher talked a lot about the things and the persons that they could remember .

d .不论人或物在定语从句中时，用that引导定语从句，而that通常省掉。 He is no longer the man that he was.

e. Which was the hotel that was on fire last night?

下列情况只用which

a. 只有which能引导非限制性定语从句

China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful

b. 介词后只能用which This is the book for which you asked.

2. way后面的定语从句，引导定语从句有三种情况：

a.在比较正式的文体中用in which； b.一般情况下用that； c. in which和that省去。

a. I was struck by the beauty of the way in which she stood.

b. Lincoln asked the people to think of slavery in the way that these men did.

c. That's the way I looked at it.

3.先行词是表示地点的名词时（country, school, room…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点状语，一般用where引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。

which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。

The room where (=in which) he used to live has now been turned into a museum.

The desk where (= ) I put my bag is his.

4.先行词是表示时间的名词（year, month, day, night…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当时间状语，一般用when引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。

5．关于as引导定语从句的问题

as引导定语从句主要用于非限制性定语从句和the same…as，such…as，as…as的结构中。

1）as与which都可以引导一个非限制性定语从句，并代表前面整个句子或主句中的表语。 He married the girl，as (which)was natural.

不同的是：as引导的定语从句可以前置，而which不行。 As was natural, he married the girl.

2）.在the same…as, such…as, as…as结构中，same, such , as之后应是名词或形容词＋名词。 We are facing the same problems as we did years ago.

We hope to get such a tool as he is using.

3）.the same…as与the same…that引导的定语从句在意义上的区别是：前者修饰的是与原物同样的；而后者修饰的就是先行词同样的东西。是比较：

This is the same watch as I lost. 这和我丢失的那一只表一样。（不是同一只）

This is the same watch that I lost. 这就是我丢失的那一只表。（同一只）

●注意事项

1.一般说来，除了用定语从句解释名词或泛指外，先行词前应有定冠词the。

2.在限制性定语从句中which, whom, that充当宾语时，可以省略。而在非限制性定语从句中whom, who, which不能省略。

3.在含有非限制性定语从句的复合句中从句与主句之间应该用逗号隔开。

4.the reason 可以用why或for which引导定语从句也可以用that引导的定语从句。that往往省略。

This is the reason why he was late. =This is the reason (that) he was late.

5.“one of＋可数名词复数”引导的定语从句中,谓语动词应用复数；而“one of＋可数名词复数”前有the，only或the only修饰，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数。(即one前无the 用复数，one前有the用单数)

He is one of the students who study very hard at school.

He is the (only/the only) one of the students who studies very hard at school.

状语从句中常用的引导词

o 时间状语从句：while; when; before; whenever; as; after; till; until; since; once; ever

since; as soon as; no sooner… than; hardly… when; scarcely/barely… when; the moment/minute/instant; on (the point of) doing…

o 地点状语从句：where; wherever

o 原因状语从句：because; since; as; seeing that; considering that; now that; in that; for fear

that; lest; owing to the fact that; because of the fact that; due to the fact that…

o 方式状语从句：as; as if; as though;

o 比较状语从句：as; than; as… as; not so… as;

o 结果状语从句：so that; so… that; such… that;

o 条件状语从句：if; unless; so long as; so far as; provided/providing/that; supposing;

granted/granting that…; giving that….

o 让步状语从句：though; although; even if; even though; whether; as; however; no matter

(what, how, when); for all that; in spite of the fact that; granted that; regardless of the fact that…

o 目的状语从句：that; so that; in order that; lest; for the fear that; in case…

1. A modern city has been set up in____ was a wasteland ten years ago.(2004 天津)

A. what B. which

C .that D. where

此题解答时，易把汉语的习惯移植进去：十年前曾是一片废墟的地方，从而误选D。本题中，空格及空格后面的部分共同做介词in的宾语。而在这个宾语从句中，空格部分又要做主语。毫无疑问，where是副词的性质，从来只能做状语，决不可能做主语。同时本题有没有给定一个供选择的范围，所以排除了which。正确答案是A

名词性从句

考点1: 引导名词性从句的连接词

例1: It suddenly occurred to him ______ he had left his keys in the office. (2012·江西卷 25)

A. whether B. where

C. which D. that

【解析】选D。考查名词性从句中的主语从句。 it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。

例2: We promise ______ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

(2012·福建卷 35)

A. who B. whom

C. whoever D. whomever

【解析】选C。句意：我们承诺向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会。不定式作chance的定语，此处whoever相当于anyone who。

考点2: 名词性从句的语序

I really wonder ______ will stop Japan from its annual whale hunt in the Antarctic. (2011·山西太原五中月考)

A. that it is what B. what it is that

C. what is it that D. that is it what

【解析】选B。空白处为一个宾语从句作动词wonder的宾语。而宾语从句是一个强调句，强调what。宾语从句要采用陈述语序。

考点3: 由reason作主语时，表语从句的连接词

The reason why he can't go to school is ______ he is ill.

A. because B. why

C. that D. which

【解析】选C。reason作主语时，其后的表语从句一般用连词that。

考点4: 后接同位语从句的名词

Evidence has been found through years of study ______ children's early sleeping problem are likely to continue when they grow up. (2012·重庆卷34)

A. why B. how

C. whether D. that

【解析】选D。分析句子结构可知，空白处后面为句子主语“Evidence”的同位语从句，在这一从句中，句意完整，不缺少成分，应该使用“that”作为引导词。因此，正确答案为D选项。

定语从句

考点1: that与which引导定语从句的区别

Maria has written two novels, both of ______ have been made into television series.(2012·山东卷23)

A. them B. that

C. which D. what

【解析】选C。句中的先行词是two novels，而且后面是一个非限制性定语从句，因此用both of which引导。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，也不能跟在介词后面；如果选them，则后面需要有并列连词and或者是独立主格结构，即both of them made into?

考点2: “介词 ＋ 关系代词”引导的定语从句

In our class there are 46 students, ______ half wear glasses. (2012·四川卷13)

A. in whom B. in them

C. of whom D. of them

【解析】选C。本题考查介词后的定语从句。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词them，而应用关系代词whom引导定语从句；“在46个学生当中”，表所属，应用of。故答案选C。 考点3: as和which引导非限制性定语从句的比较

例1：Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T?shirt, ______ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. (2011·全国大纲卷7)

A. this B. that

C. what D. which

【解析】选D。which引导非限制性定语从句。代指前面整句内容。

例2：______ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It B. As

C. That D. What

【解析】选B。A、D不能引导定语从句，C不能引导非限制性定语从句。As is known to everybody＝As everybody knows “正如大家所知道的”。该句也可换成It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. ＝What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

考点4: 关系代词与关系副词的选择

例1：I will never forget the day ______I came to my university and the day ______I spent in a new city.

A. when; which B. which; when

C. what; that D. on which; when

【解析】 选A。第一个时间名词the day 在从句中作状语，因此要用关系副词when；第二个时间名词the day 在从句中作动词spent的宾语，因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句或省略关系代词。

例2：Men are more suited to occupational environments ______ require decisive action while women are better at jobs ______ a considered approach is most important. (江苏南京金陵中学高三模拟)

A. which; that B. /; when

C. which; when D. that; where

【解析】选D。第一空用关系代词that或which 作主语，不可以省略。第二空用关系副词where，因为句子意思完整，不缺主语或宾语。根据先行词jobs和定语从句的意义，确定用关系副词where(＝at which)表地点，作地点状语。

状语从句

考点1: 时间状语从句

例1: He smiled politely ______ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. (2012·山东卷27)

A. as B. if

C. unless D. though

【解析】选A。此处是as引导这个时间状语从句，smile和apologize同时进行，as意为“当??的时候”。句意： 当玛丽为她喝醉了的朋友道歉时，他礼貌地微笑着。

例2: I had hardly got to the office ______ my wife phoned me to go back home at once. (2012·全国大纲卷11)

A. when B. than

C. until D. after

【解析】选A。考查固定句型hardly?when?。句意： 我刚到办公室，我妻子就给我打电话让我立刻回家。

考点2: 条件状语从句

It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties ______ it gets more financial support from the European Union. (2012·福建卷30)

A. if B. unless

C. because D. since

【解析】选B。根据句意“除非有来自欧洲联盟的更多的经济支持，否则希腊政府很难克服目前的困难”，只能选择unless“除非”才能使句意完整。

考点3: 让步状语从句

例1: I don't believe we've met before, ______ I must say you do look familiar. (2012·全国新课标卷25)

A. therefore B. although

C. since D. unless

【解析】选B。句意： 尽管我不得不说你确实看起来熟悉，然而我相信我们以前并未见过。 例2:— Look at those clouds!

— Don't worry. ______ it rains, we'll still have a great time. (2012·北京卷21)

A. Even if B. As though

C. In case D. If only

【解析】选A。考查状语从句连接词。even if 即使；as though似乎；in case 以防；if only要是??多好。

考点4: as引导让步状语从句的用法

Hot ______ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. (2012·陕西卷18)

A. although B. as

C. while D. however

【解析】选B。考查状语从句。该句为倒装结构，即在as引导的让步状语从句中，要将从句中的表语，状语，或动词原形提到as之前，故选B。

小测试

1. Mr. Smith has bought a little house in the country, around ______ some green trees.

A. which is B. it is

C. which are D. them are

【解析】选C。此题容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。其实，此题的最佳答案为C，around which are some green trees 是一个由“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 some green trees，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用are，而不是 is。请看下面的例子：

The police found a large box under his bed, in which were some sex books.警察在他的床底下找到一只大箱子，里面装的是一些黄色书籍。(in which were some sex books 为非限制性定语从句，在该从句中，in which 是表语，some sex books 是主语，所以谓语动词用复数were)

2. Is there a shop around ______ we can buy some toilet articles?

A. that B. which

C. where D. what

【解析】选C。此题很容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词。用which代替前面的名词 shop，作介词 around 的宾语。其实此题的最佳选项应是 C，其中 around 是副词(意为“在附近”)，其后 where 引导的定语从句修饰其前的地点名词 shop，句意： 附近有没有我们可以买到梳妆用品的商店？

3. She promised ______ he had enough money she would marry him.

A. that B. if

C. that if D. if that

【解析】选C。此题将条件状语从句 if he had enough money 插入动词 promised 与其宾语从句之间，从而导致许多同学误选。

4. The judge paid no attention to ______ he had just lost his wife.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

【解析】选D。此题容易误选 A 或 B。通常情况下，介词后不能直接跟 that 从句(极个别介词如except, but 等除外)，遇此情况，应在 that 从句前加上 the fact(此时 the fact 用作介词宾语，其后 that 从句用作 the fact 的同位语)。

5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ______.

A. who is he B. who he is

C. who is it D. who it is

【解析】选D。此题首先应排除A和C，因为空格处为一个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句语序。按英语的习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，应用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。所以此题应选D。

6. His lecture was difficult and I didn't know ______ he said meant in his lecture.

A. that B. what

C. that that D. what what

【解析】选D。第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语。又如：

He was honest and told us all all he knew.

他很诚实，他把他知道的都告诉了我们大家。

句中的第一个 all 为 us 的同位语，意为“我们大家”或“我们所有的人”；第二个all 实为 all that 之省略，其中的 all 为动词 told 的直接宾语，被省略的关系代词 that 为定语从句中谓语动词 knew 的宾语。当然此句也可说成：He was honest and told us all what he knew.

7. — Was it under the tree ______ you were away talking to a friend?

— Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.

A. that B. where

C. which D. while

【解析】选D。此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。其实此题的最佳答案是D。从上下文的语境来看，句中的 it 应是指代 the bike，句意为： “当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗？”“肯定是的，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。”

8. He likes living alone, and says that he wants to go and live in a place ______ nobody knows.

A. where B. that

C. when D. what

【解析】选B。此题易误选A，认为place表示“地点”，应使用关系副词where。其实，根据句子结构可知，空格部分为knows的宾语，故应用which或that。