1 对比/正反观点分析型
1、大多为三点提纲，提纲模式一般为：有一些人认为……;还有人认为……;我的看法或观点;
2、少数时候也会出现两点提纲的情况，此时可以补充成三点提纲来写作。
首段引出话题：
When it comes to______, opinions differ(vary) from one to another /different people hold different opinions
第二段写支持观点：
There are a number of individuals who hold the positive opinion. They believe that_____ is advantageous for_____. What makes them convinced is that ______ .In addition(what's more), they claim that _______.
三段写反对观点：
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They maintain that it is unnecessary/not indispensible to _______ . One reason they cite is that ______ . Another significant cause is that ______.
末段1：Personally/From my point of view/as far as I'm concerned, nothing is more important than _____ .On the one hand, it is a fact that ______ ,On the other hand, no one can deny the fact that ______ .Therefore, Only by doing so can ______ 末段2：From my point of view, ______ itself is neither good nor bad. For our human being, nothing is more important than making best use of it. We need _____ in our daily life, but we should never be slaves of ____.
社会现象/解决问题型
题型特点：
1、应该为三点提纲，但是有时以两点提纲出现，所涉及主题为当时社会热点;
2、通常模式为：现象概述--细节(原因、危害、方式等)--自我评论
首段引出话题：
Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that ________ has/ have become a grave (严重的)problem with which modern citizens are confronted（面对; 使面对面，使对质; 碰到，遇到; 比较）. As far as I know, there are some ______. Apparently enough, we can find numerous examples in our society/campus. However, what makes many people worried is that this issue has not aroused enough concern.
第二段分析原因：
As far as I am concerned, there are numerous factors accounting for the phenomenon mentioned above, but the following might be the critical ones. First and foremost（adj.第一流的，最重要的; 最初的，最前面的; adv.首先，第一; 居于首位地）, ________ Besides, ________. Last but not least, _______ .
第三段提出解决办法:：
From my point of view, there are a number of ways in which ____ can tackle mentioned above, but the following might be the indispensible ones. Firstly, ________ Secondly, ________.Thirdly, _______ .
第四段：
2 Based on the above analysis, we can naturally come to a safe conclusion that ______ .As modern college students, it is our responsibility to shoulder the burden of inheriting (继承( inherit的现在分词 ); 经遗传获得（品质、身体特征等）接替（责任等），继任;)and developing cultural heritage(n.遗产; 继承物; 传统; 文化遗产;)/
constructing our nation’s future. Therefore, it is essential that we should _______. Besides, in order to ____, we should try to _____.Only by doing so can we become qualified talents to make great contributions to our homeland.
谚语名言警句型
1、文章题目为一句格言或谚语
2、通常模式为：解释谚语--举例论证--画龙点睛
首段解释谚语：
It is universally acknowledged that ______, which means that _____. Even simple operations can easily be spoiled if we ________ . Actually, ____ is the key to success. Therefore, no one can neglect the great importance of ______.
举例论证：
Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. The best illustration might be English study. It is ____ practice that enables a learner to get a good command of pronunciation. Similarly, only by ____ can we acquire a basic grasp of grammar. It is a fact that the process of other skills is no exception.
尾段总结，画龙点睛：
In short, laying a solid foundation is essential if we want to make achievements in our studies or work, or indeed in any other aspect of our lives. At every step, review what has been achieved and assess the problems ahead before moving to the next step. And what we should bear in mind is that _______。
图表类型
首段：描述图表引出话题
It can be seen from the chart that there have been sharp/slight increases/decreases in the number of_______ in the past decade. As the statistics shows/indicates, the year XXX witnessed ______ However, _______
中段：解释现象分析原因
There are a number of factors accounting for/responsible for the change, but the following are the most critical ones. First of all,________ In addition / What is more / Additionally,______Last but not least, ______
末段：总结提出建议
In a word / To conclude / In conclusion, this chart/pie-chart/form /table/graph/ the above statistics is a perfect indicator of______ what makes me convinced is that ______
书信类型
Dear _____，
首段：
(熟人)The time flies, we haven't seen each other for a long time. I am writing to formally invite you to participate in Mr. Guo Jing and Huang Rong’s wedding ceremony, which will be held at Beijing Grand Hotel from 8 to 10 p.m. on December 1, 20_ _.
3 (陌生人)I am Li Ming, one of Yang Guo’s best friends. I, on behalf of Yang Guo and Xiao Longnv, am writing this letter for the purpose of inviting you to participate in Mr Yang’s wedding ceremony with Xiao Longnv, which will be held at Shijiazhuang Railway Hotel
from 8 to 10 p.m. on December 1, 2011.
中间段:主题句+扩展句+结论句：
As one of our best friends, it is my pleasure to introduce the process of the ceremony. Firstly, the occasion will start at … After that, at about …, …. At around ten, we will hold a smallmusical party, at which a band will perform some works by Xu Yuteng, one of the most popular singers.
尾段：
My thanks/hopes to you for your generous help/kind consideration on my requests are beyond words. I am looking forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
1 accelerate vt. (使)加速，增速
2 【例】accelerate the rate of economic growth
加速经济增长
【派】acceleration n. 加速 accelerating a.加速的
2 account n. 账户、考虑
【考】take sth. into account 把…考虑在内
3 accustome vt.使习惯
【考】be accustomed to
4 adapt vi. 适应
【考】adapt to…适应
5 adjust vi.适应
【考】adjust to...适应…
6 advocate vt. 宣扬
7 affluent a.富裕的
【派】affluence n.富裕
8 annoy vt.使烦恼, 使恼怒
【派】annoying a. 令人恼人的;
annoyance n. 烦恼;
?annoyed a.颇为生气的
9 ascribe vt.把…归咎于
【考】ascribe..to 归因于
10 assess vt.评估
【派】assessment n. 评估
11 assign vt.指派，选派；分配，布置（作业）
【派】assignment 作业
12 assume vt.假象、假定
13 attain vt.获得
【考】attain one's ideal 达到理想
14 attribute vt. 把…归因于
4 【考】attribute sth.? to 把...归咎于
15 attribute vt.归咎于
【考】be attributed to? attribute sth. to …
16 automatically ad. 自动地
17 boost vt.提高，推动，使增长 n. 推动，增长
【例】boost the economy 推动经济增长
【派】booster n.支持者，推动器
18 brilliant a.光辉的、辉煌的
【派】brilliance n.
19 collaborate vi.合作
【考】collaborate with. sb.
20 comprehensive a. 综合的
【考】综合性大学
21 conscious a. 有意识
【考】be conscious of sth. 对 …有意识
22 conserve vt.保存、节省
【考】conserve energy 保护能源
23 considerate a. 考虑周到的
24 contribute vt.贡献
【考】contribute to 导致、带来、为…贡献
25 convenient a.方便的 n.convenience 方便
26 convey vt.传达
27 cooperate vt.合作
【考】cooperative a.合作的
28 coordinate vt.合作
29 cultivate vt.培养
30 derive vt. 出自、源于
【考】derive from …
31 despair vi.绝望; n. 绝望
【考】despair of 绝望; sb. be in despair 某人处于绝望中 32 disapprove vt. 不批准、不赞同
【派】disapproval n. 不赞同
【考】 express strong disapproval
33 dismiss vt.撤销、免职
【考】be dismissed by one's company 被公司解雇
34 distinguish vt.辨别
【派】distinguished a.? 突出的
35 distribute vt.分配、分发
【考】distribution n.分配、分发
36 dominate vt. 支配、统治
【考】male-dominated society 男性主导社会
37 embarrass vt.使窘迫, 使尴尬;
5 【派】embarrassed a.(某人)尴尬的;
embarrassment n. 沮丧
embarrassing a. (某事)令人尴尬的
38 employ vt. 雇佣；使用
【考】in the employ of 受雇于
【派】employer n. 雇主；employee n.雇
employment n. 雇佣, 工作 unemployment n. 失业
39 engage vt. 从事、订婚
【考】be engaged in sth. 从事…
40 enhance vt.加强
41 enroll vt.注册、使…入会
【派】enrollment
42 evacuate vt. 撤走、疏散
43 evaluate vt.评价、估计
【派】evaluation n.
44 evaluate vt.评价、估计
45 excessive a.过度的
46 frustrate vt.使沮丧, 使灰心
【派】frustration n. 挫折; frustrating a. 令人沮丧的
47 genetic a.遗传的
48 guarantee vt. 保证
49 identify vt.鉴别、验明
【考】idenfity theft 辨别偷窃
50 immigrate vt. 移民
【派】immigrant n.移民immigration
51 implement vt.实施
【派】implementation n.
52 incline vi.倾向
【考】be inclined to do sth. 倾向于做某事
53 inferior a.下级的、下等的
【考】be inferior to 比…低级
54 injure vt. 受伤
【派】injured a.受伤的; injury n. 受伤
55 inquire vi. 询问
56 instinct n.本能、直觉
【考】human instinct 人类本能
57 integrate vt. 使结合、使一体化
【派】integral a.一体的；integration n.一体
【考】as an integral whole 作为一个整体global economic integration 全球经济一体化
58 internship n.实习
6
59 inverse a.倒转的、反转的
60 justify vt.证明…是正当的
61 launch vt. 发射、开展
【考】launch the spacecraft 发射飞船launch a movement 发起一项运动
62 negative a.消极的
63 notify vt.通知、告诉
【派】notification n.
64 obligation n.? 责任、义务
【考】legal obligation? 法律责任
65 obstacle n.障碍
66 optimistic a. 乐观的
【考】be optimistic about sth.对…很乐观
67 originate vt.由…产生
【考】originate from 由…产生
68 overcome vt.战胜, 克服
【例】overcome difficulties 克服困难
69 phenomenon n.现象
70 positive a.积极的
71 potential a.潜在的
【考】potential customer 潜在客户
72 preferable a. 更好的
7
73 prevail vt.压倒、胜过
【派】prevailling a. 流行的
74 priority n. 优先
【考】sth. is the top priority 优先考虑…
75 proceed vi.进行、着手
76 prompt vt.刺激、推动
【考】prompt sb. to do sth.
77 proportion n.比例
【派】proportional a.相应的、成比例的
78 pursue vt. 追求
【派】pursuit n. 追求
【考】pursue one's dream
79 qualify vt. (使)胜任，（使）具有资格
【考】qualify for sth. 使具有…的资格
【派】qualification n.资格，条件；qualified a.有资格的
80 recommend vt.推荐
81 reference n.参考
82 remind vt.提醒某人注意
【考】be reminded of sth.
83 relevant a. 有关的，切题的
【考】be relevant to 与…有关
8
【派】relevance n. 有关，相关；irrelevant a. 不相关的；不切题的
84 restore vt. 恢复、修复
【考】restore reputation 恢复名誉
85 restrain vt.遏制
【考】be restrained to do sth.
86 resume n.简历
87 reverse vt.颠倒、反转
88 sacrifice vt.牺牲
89 starvation n.饿死
90 submit vt. 提交
【考】submit sth. to sb. 把…提交给某人
91 subsidy n.津贴、补助
【考】provide subsidy for sb. 为…提供津贴
92 superior a.高级的、高等的
【考】be superior to 比…高级
93 survive vt.幸免于…
【考】survive sth. 从…中幸免
94 transmit vt. 传播
95 tropical a.热带的
96 undertake vt. 承担，着手做；保证，同意
【考】undertake sth. 从事…
9
【派】undertaking n.事业，任务
97 vanish vi. 消失
98 victim n. 受害者
99 visiable a.可看见的
100 vision vt.
视力、眼光