【托福阅读概述】

一．托福阅读简介及建议

20##年9月，美国教育考试服务中心（Education Testing Sercives,ETS）在全球推出了一种全新的综合英语测试方法，即能够反映在一流大专院校教学和校园生活对语言实际需求的新托福考试（The Test of English as a Foreign Language ^RInternet Based Test,TOEFL^RiBT）。

1）我们先可以通过几组数字开始，了解一下托福阅读的具体内容，如下所示：

2） 每篇文章建议在18分钟左右完成，剩下时间用作核对。特别对于成绩较好的童鞋。

3） 介绍做题的必备武器：题号型笔记。

这里我要求做的笔记并不是传统意义上的笔记，而是指题号型笔记。

那，什么是题号型笔记？就是把你做得不确定其答案的题目在纸上标记出来，比如说第一题在B选项和C选项中徘徊，标记成：1.B 、C；第4题在A选项和C选项里徘徊，标记成：4.A、C……

4）下载Merriam Webster Dictonary(..\托福资料\2011010173936001_323.rar)

5) 长难句理解（每次课前我可能会给出长难句理解；课下，需要学员找出TPO里讲解过得长难句，没篇至少1-2句，三篇不少于3句，理解很好的除外。）

       6）解题过程中注重、留心每一段的段落大意，目的是在尽可能地捕捉作者的写作意图，有利于解题的越发顺利，更有利于解答最后一题Prose Summary.

       7）关于单词记忆（词汇书：四级、六级词汇；真题词汇；托福核心词汇 21天突破 李** 托福IBT10000 戴云； 王玉梅。。。）

       ○ 利用零散时间记单词；

       ○ 零碎时间重复刺激；

        ○ 把重复周期控制在15天内；每天至少400-600词 每个单词4到6遍，每个词4-6秒；

        ○ 把单词阅读结合起来.一个单词只有在其特定的语境下才能从根本上make sense.

        ○ 把视觉刺激听觉刺激相结合（课后作业要求学员制定背单词计划；找语法书，复习语法句法知识【朗文英语语法、剑桥中级英语语法、剑桥IBT语法精要 戴云、英语阅读参考手册 叶永昌】；复习讲义等）

       8）个人经验与教训：

            ○ 不要在前面的文章花费过多时间。为什么？因为首先我们的大脑机能刚开始做题进入状态较慢，如果我们刚开始就尽可能快地进入状态（根据经验一般前4题之内），后面会越做越顺，信心爆棚。这一点，特别对于平时做题就较慢的同学，想要提高做速度以致从根本上提高做题效度，必须从平时训练开始，注意刚开始做题就马不停歇地以最快速度进行下去！

            ○ 不要在一道题上花费过多时间，除词汇题以外，每题不得超过110秒。情况容许的话，留1-两分钟检查。

            ○ 不要用鼠标指着读解题

            ○ 平时练习就学着一边看一边记笔记

            ○ 尽量晚开始考试；

            ○ 口语三条建议： （声音洪亮、语速稳定）内容充实、逻辑清晰

            ○ 进入考场和同学们进行语言和肢体交流

            ○ 克服频繁看钟表问题

           ○ 带着问题看文章

二．  题型概览

     

第二篇：托福概述

一、 托福简介

1、What is TOFEL? 什么是托福 TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language - English as a foreign language exam) is held by the U.S. Educational Testing Service to apply to the United States or Canada and other countries, university or into the graduate school of non-Englishcountries provide students with an English proficiency test. U.S. Educational Testing Service in 1965 began to undertake the management of the examination.

TOEFL（Test of English as a Foreign Language---作为外语的英语考试）是由美国教育考试服务处举办的为申请去美国或加拿大等国家上大学或入研究生院学习的非英语国家学生提供的一种英语水平考试。美国教育考试服务处由19xx年开始承办此项考试的管理工作。 Only 1988 to 1989, there are 56 million people around the world participated in the TOEFL test more than 170 countries and regions around the world were set up over 1700 T0EFL examination center. So far, the United States and Canada a total of over 2300 institutions to require all foreign students to apply to the learning school enrollment must be provided T0EFL, GRE, GMAT, or TSE, of one or two standardized tests that, only to reach the school requires applicants of the results, in order to obtain the qualifications for admission and apply for a scholarship.In addition to most of the country's institutions of higher learning in the United States, Canada and other European (eg UK) and Oceania (such as Australia, New Zealand) and some Southeast Asian countries and regions has been recognized TOEFL test scores. In recent years, the domestic United Nations agencies in China and foreign enterprises and joint ventures in the employ of hiring staff, or the International Monetary Fund in the English level of the testing staff, also use TOEFL test scores. 仅1988～19xx年度，全世界就有56万多人参加了TOEFL考试，全球170多个国家和地区共设立了1700多个T0EFL考试中心。至今为止，美国和加拿大共有2300多所院校规定，凡是外国学生申请到该校入学学习的，必须提供T0EFL，GRE，GMAT或TSE的某一项或两项标准化考试证明，只有达到学校所要求成绩的报考者，才能取得入学和申请奖学金的资格。除了美国、加拿大等大部分国家的高等院校外，欧洲（如英国）、大洋洲（如澳大利亚、新西兰）以及东南亚一些国家和地区也都已承认TOEFL考试成绩。近

几年来，国内的联合国驻华机构和外企及合资企业在聘录用职员时，或国际基金组织在测试职员的英语水平时，也都采用TOEFL考试成绩。

The IBT Name the abbreviation of Internet-based Test, TOEFL iBT. TOEFL in 2004 with PBT paper Basic text is toefl examining bodies ETS on the exam in the form of a huge change in the country to test TOEFL computer test, the previous paper the text, the kinds of questions can also occur great changes, if you own level of English is not sure, especially in listening and speaking aspects of the difficulty of (IBT), you can go to the U.S. test of PBT in the world except the United States still of PBT. IBT 全称 Internet-based Test 的缩写，即托福网考。20xx年之前的TOEFL是用的PBT，也就是paper basic text，是toefl考试机构ETS对考试的形式做的巨大改变，现在在国内考toefl是用计算机考试的，以前是paper text，题型也发生了很大的变化，如果你对自己的英语水平没有把握特别在听力和口语方面(IBT的难点)你可以去美国考PBT，全世界只有美国本土还保留着PBT。

2、Who Accepts TOEFL ? Scores?谁接受托福 ?的分数？

More than 8500 colleges, agencies and other institutions in over 130 countries accept TOEFL ? scores.Other organizations rely on TOEFL scores as well:

超过8500所高校，在130多个国家的机构和其他机构接受托福 ?的分数。 其他组织以及依靠托福成绩：

Immigration departments use them to issue residential and work visas 移民部门使用它们发出的住宅和工作签证

Medical and licensing agencies use them for professional certification purposes

医疗和发牌的机构使用他们的专业认证的目的

Individuals use them to measure their progress in learning English 个人使用他们来衡量自己的进步，在学习英语

3、Going abroad is very popular 出国留学很普遍

According to the Chinese Ministry of Education released statistics show that in 2011 the total number of Chinese mainland students studying abroad

33.97 million, an increase of 5.5 million compared with 2010, an increase of 19.32%,which to study at their own expense to 31.48 million. 据中国教育部发布统计数据显示，20xx年中国大陆出国留学人员总数为33.97万人，与20xx年相比增加5.5万人，增幅达19.32%。其中自费留学31.48万人。 The lifelong impact of studying abroad can be substantial, and has been proven in several ways:

出国留学的终身影响可能是巨大的，并已证明在几个方面：

50-year study of 3,400 students shows that “studying abroad is usually a defining moment in a young person's life and continues to impact the participant's life for years after the experience.”

一个3400名学生，50年的研究显示，“出国留学通常是一个年轻的人的生活中具有决定性的时刻，并继续影响多年的经验后，参与者的生命.”

82% said that “they acquired skill sets that influenced their career path.”

82％的人说：“他们获得的技能集，影响了他们的职业生涯路。

70% stated that “it ignited an interest in a career direction that they pursued after the experience.

70％的人说：“它点燃的兴趣在他们的经验后推行了职业生涯的方向。”

二、报考流程介绍

1、The toefl altogether 35 games托福考试共35场

The toefl exam organizers of the United States education (ETS) recently opened in 2012 the toefl test a, examinee can begin to Internet booking. A total of 35 games for the exam, and nearly examination site. In 2012 the toefl main show the following three changes:

One is, since 2012, the examination room will audit strictly according to the requirements identity certificate, examinee should hold id for the exam.

Another is about the time to the examination room, demanding the at

least in KaiKao time before 30 minutes into the examination room.

Three it is to use TiKao ETS, electronic equipment, explored the violations processing including immediately stop the test and cancel the scores in the future until the toefl test ban enter oneself for an examination.

托福考试的主办方美国教育考试中心(ETS)近日开放了20xx年托福考试的考位，考生可开始网上预订。全年共安排35场考试，近百个考点。

20xx年托福考试主要呈现以下三点变化：

一是自20xx年起，考场将按要求严格审核身份证件，考生要持身份证参加考试。

二是关于到达考场的时间，要求考生至少在开考时间前30分钟进入考场。

三是ETS对替考、使用电子设备、夹带等违规行为的处理包括立即停止考试并取消成绩直至禁止将来报考托福考试。

2、TOEFL test registration flow chart

1、 the ministry of education test center on toefl registration website

url: .cn or

2、the registered user, create files

L provide basic personal name material: name and id number, mailing address, phone number and E-mail address. Please bear in mind that the NEEA user number (NEEA user ID and password

3、pay the fee

L the fees for RMB 1370 yuan, can through the industrial and commercial bank of China and China merchants bank online payment, or through any bank transfer to the designated bank account.

4、 choose a test, examination of registered

L when "my home page" shows the account balance is already pay for new toefl service project, click on the "registration" exam, new toefl exam can sign. After the test registration confirmation, can ask you input four free send points school information, if you do not have this kind of information, can temporarily not to fill. But note meaning, if you want to test for the school again after send points, so each sending to a school, you are required to pay RMB 136 yuan.

5、 and fill out a background check

6、 received confirmation

finish after registration, the email will be affected by a

confirmation success signing up, also can be in "my home page", and click "view has registration information" to check your registration form.

TOEFL考试报名流程图

1、登陆教育部考试中心托福报名网站

l 网址：.cn或者

2、注册用户，创建档案

l 提供基本的个人姓名资料：姓名、证件号码、邮寄地址，电话号码和电子信箱地址。请牢记NEEA用户号（NEEA user ID）和密码

3、支付考试费

l 考试费用为人民币1370元，可通过中国工商银行或中国招商银行进行网上支付，或通过任意银行电汇至指定银行账户。

4、选择考位，注册考试

l 当“我的主页”显示的账户余额已经够支付托福网考服务项目时，点击“注册考试”，即可注册托福网考考试。确认注册考试后，会要求您输入四个免费送分学校的信息，如果您还没有这方面的信息，可暂时不填。但注意，如果您想考试后再给学校送分，那么每寄送一个学校，则需支付人民币136元。

5、填写背景调查

6、收到确认信息

完成注册后，您的邮箱会受到一封确认报名成功，也可以在“我的主页”，点击“查看已注册信息”来查看您的报名状态。

3、TOEFL candidates nine Precautions

托福报考九大注意事项

1、NEEA ID

1、 NEEA ID

NEEA ID is used in the TOEFL registration website to confirm your identity, account number, day of release in the TOEFL exam-bit network is very crowded, it is likely to take up a lot of time candidates, Candidates are advised to register in advance to save registration time. NEEA ID是在托福报名网站用来确认你身份的帐号，由于在托福放出考位的当天网络非常拥挤，很有可能占用考生大量的时间，建议考生提前注册，节省报名时间。

2、招商银行和工商银行的网上支付

2, China Merchants Bank and Industrial and Commercial Bank online payment

Payment There are three ways: China Merchants Bank online payment; Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, paid online; any bank fees by telegraphic transfer to the bank account specified by the NEEA. The exam fee prior to registration into the ETS account, it is recommended that the candidates ahead of the exam fee to enter the ETS account, saving candidates time. 目前提供的支付方式共有三种：中国招商银行进行网上付费；中国工商银行进行网上付费；任何银行将费用电汇至教育部考试中心指定的银行帐户。由于在报名之前即可将报考费打入ETS帐号，因此建议考生提前将报考费打入ETS帐号，节省报考时间。

3、刷新网页的间隔

3, refresh the page interval

ETS in order to prevent the crazy candidates in a short period of time to refresh the site, excessive load to the site, the ETS registration site to take anti-brush mechanism, be safe, two consecutive refresh time interval of the TOEFL registration website in more than 35 seconds. And to note that when the browser does not have a clear display Web pages fail, it is best not to touch it, this is only because the site response is very slow.ETS为了防止考生在短时间内疯狂刷新网站，给网站带来过高的负载，ETS报名网站采取了防刷机制，保险起见，连续两次刷新该托福报名网站的时间间隔应在35秒以上。而且要注意，在浏览器没有明确显示网页失败的时候，最好不要动它，这只是因为网站反应很慢。

4、放出方式

4, released way

ETS will be in China continue to increase the new exam, as long as the new examination room set up is completed, the ETS will release a new exam test bit, these test are brand new test bit, the candidates to obtain a source of exam opportunities. If candidates miss this large-scale candidates, do not worry too much, there are opportunities. 现在ETS会在中国陆续增加新的考场，只要新考场设立完毕，ETS也会放出新的考场的考位，这些考位都是全新的考位，也是考生获得考试机会的一个来源。因此如果考生错过本次大规模报考，也不必过于担心，以后还有机会。

5、托福考位放出间隔

TOEFL-bit release interval

Throughout the previous TOEFL large-scale distribution, we found that the ETS is not released at the same time all of the ETS in the hands of the TOEFL, but taken approximately every one hour release Xinkao, so if the first time there is no to see their test bits, do not worry, continue back to the front of the computer after an hour brush test.纵观历次托福考位的大规模发放，我们发现ETS并非在同一时间内放出ETS手中的所有托福考位，而是采取大约每隔一个小时放出若干新考位的方式，因此如果第一时间没有看到自己的考位，不用担心，一个小时之后回到电脑前继续刷考位。

6、开始放出时间

6, release time

TOEFL to begin issuing, then they would for eight hours, at intervals of one hour to release a new batch of test. No unexpected circumstances, holidays and hold test bit weeks Neituo Fu test no payment is completed, then the next Monday will continue to be paid. However, according to previous experience, the ETS would likely released within a week ready to release all test bit. First of all to always pay attention to when registration, followed when we refresh the test bit, should be daily 8:00, 9:00; 12:00, 1:00; afternoon 5:00, 6:00; 1:00, 2 The point at several time

points, careful inquiries have not yet begun to release the test bit.只要托福考位开始发放，那么就会连续8个小时，每隔一个小时放出一批新的考位。不出意外情况的话，公休日不放考位，如果该周之内托福考位没有发放完毕，那么下周一开始将会继续发放。不过按照以前的经验来看，ETS多会在一周之内放出准备放出的所有考位。因此首先要时刻关注何时开始报名，其次我们在刷新考位时，应在每天的上午8点、9点；中午12点、1点；下午的5点、6点；凌晨1点、2点这几个时间点，仔细查询有没有开始放出考位。

7、考位选择

查询时，建议一次性选择1个月份1个地区。而在报名的时候不要点“考位查询”，最好直接点击“注册考试”，勾上你要的时间和地点，可以同时勾2个，然后点“继续”.我们在注册考位选取的策略应该是直接点击“注册考试”，勾上你要的时间和地点的方法来进行抢注考位。7, test location choice

Query, it is recommended that a one-time select a district in a month. Enrollment when the points do not test inquiries directly click on the "registration examination" best hook on the time and place you want, you can also hook the two, and then "Continue". The registration test the selected the strategy would be to directly click on the "registration examination", you want the time and place to hook on the registered test bits.

8、免费送分学校与ETS调查

托福考试，ETS会提供四所免费投递分数的学校。可以在报名之前把送分学校的代码记下来，报名时直接填写即可。而且这里建议在报名时先不填写送分学校，而是等报名高峰过去之后，考试之前，再来修改。 ETS调查对于考生来说，帮助意义不大，为了节约时间，考生可以考虑直接跳过。

8 free sub-schools and ETS surveys

TOEFL, ETS will provide four free delivery scores of schools. Write it down before registration code sent to some schools can directly fill in the registration. Here suggest that at the time of registration to not fill out to send some schools, but such as the enrollment peak, before

the exam, and then modify. ETS survey for candidates, the help of little significance, in order to save time, candidates can be considered to skip.

9、ETS注册号

考生不必在线等待ETS注册号的生成，ETS官方表示：请考生在距离考试10日前登陆报名网站确认ETS注册号即可。如果同学着急确认自己的注册号的话，请在6-48小时之后重新确认自己的注册号。由于网络的拥堵，ETS有可能6-48小时之后才系统的放出注册号。

9, the ETS registration number

Candidates do not have to wait for the online generation of ETS registration number, the ETS official said: candidates in the distance examination on the 10th visit the registration website to confirm the ETS registration number. If the students anxious to confirm their

registration number, please re-confirm your registration number after 6-48 hours. System due to network congestion, ETS may be 6-48 hours after the release of a registration number.

三、考试结构

TOEFL lasts about four hours , which consists of four sections each measuring one of the basic language skills and all tasks focus on language used in an academic, or , say ,education environment . Note-taking is allowed during the iBT. 托福持续大约四个小时,由四个部分的每个测量基本语言技巧,一切工作的关注语言,用于学术,或说,教育环境。做笔记是允许在新托福。

In China,the TOEFL test is iBTonly;and the test cannot be taken more than once a week.

在中国,托福考试是iBT只有;测试不能花了超过一周一次。

The whole test appears like this:

整个测试看起来像这样

The new TOEFL reading including three articles, each about 650-750 words each have 12 to 14 problem subject types including: the facts information problem, and the negative exclude problem, refer to the relationship problem, vocabulary problem, concluded that carry, modified purpose problem, transform the phrase problem, insert text topic, the important point problem, classification problem in complete each a answer process, the examinee can use the search function of the reading part didn't answer the questions of the time of about 60 minutes, the total score for 42-45 points, scores a range of 1-25 points in addition to important view topic and the classification problem beyond, each question is 1 points score with questions of important ideas may be classified two points score entitled 3 or 4 points

译文：新托福考试阅读包括三篇文章，每篇大概有650-750个单词。每篇有12-14道题。题目类型包括：事实信息题，否定排除题，指代关系题，词汇题，推断提，修饰目的题，变换措辞题，插入文本题，重要观点题，归类题。在完成每一篇答题的过程中，考生可以使用复查功能查找没有回答的题目。阅读部分的时间约为60分钟，总分为42-45分，分数范围为1-25分。除了重要观点题和归类题以外，每道题的分值都是1分。重要观点题的分值可能是2分。归类题为3或4分。 听 力(Listening)

The listening part have two dialogues and four sections of speech including the classroom dialogues each dialogue corresponding 5 exam questions, each paragraph 6 speech corresponding exam question of hearing there were 34 exam questions, each exam question is 1-2 points, a total of 34-36 points of the hearing part all time is about 60-90 minutes, each dialogue is 2-3 minutes each speech is 3-5 minutes the examinee can listen to the recording process in taking notes

译文：听力部分有两个对话和四段演讲。其中包括教室对话。每个对话对应5道试题。每段演讲对应6道试题。听力部分共有34道试题，每道试题是1-2分，共34-36分。听力部分的全部时间大约是60-90分钟，每个对话是2-3分钟。每个演讲是3-5分钟。考生可以在听录音的过程中做笔记。

口 语(Speaking)

The new TOEFL speaking part of six topic, the total time of 15-20 minutes first question and answer questions on the second independent, prepare for 15 seconds and answer the question time for 45 seconds questions will be read out, also appears on the screen the third topic and the fourth request that the examinee read a paragraph of text, and then listen to a and reading the text of the related listening material, and finally in accordance with the requirements in questions is usually a problem situation

problem, the other is a problem reading materials contained only academic reading a paragraph time for 45 seconds listening materials may be a dialogue, may also be speech its length is about one and a half minutes the examinee can listen to the tape in the course of the notes to help answer the examinee has 30 seconds of preparation time, 60 seconds of reading time, the fifth and sixth question to the problem of the listening material as the foundation, requests the examinee answer questions the listening material usually a problem is scene problem, the other question is academic question the listening material may be a dialogue may also be speech its length is about one and a half minutes。The examinee can listen to the tape in the course of the notes to help answer the examinee has 20 seconds of preparation time, 60 seconds of reading time each answer score of 0 to 4 points inspects integrated language skills to answer the questions of the quality score, integrity and accuracy as the basis

译文：新托福考试的口语部分共有6题，总时间为15-20分钟。第一题和第二题为独立回答题，准备时间为15秒，回答问题时间为45秒。问题会被朗读出来，同时出现在屏幕上。第三题和第四题要求考生先阅读一段文字，然后再听一段与阅读文字内容相关的听力材料，最后按照要求回答相关问题。通常一道题是情景题，另一道是学术题。阅读材料只含一个自然段。阅读时间为45秒钟。听力材料可能是对话，也可能是演讲。其长度大约为一分半钟。考生可以在听录音的过程中作笔记来帮助答题。考生有30秒的准备时间，60秒的答题时间，第五题和第六题以考试中的听力材料为基础，要求考生回答相关问题。听力材料通常一道题是情景题，另一道题是学术题。听力材料可能是对话也可能是演讲。其长度大约为一分半钟。考生可以在听录音的过程中作笔记来帮助答题。考生有20秒的准备时间，60秒的答题时间。每个回答的得分为0-4分。考察综合语言技能的题目的评分以回答的质量，完整性和准确性为依据。

写 作(Writing )

The new TOEFL writing part includes two exam question: independent writing and reading listening comprehensive writing in about 50 minutes to finish writing exam independent part have 30 minutes, need the examinee according to their knowledge and experience to explain and support statement for a question, some views and machine toefl writing or pen toefl writing similar usually effective answer should is a 300 words or so for the composition of the reading and listening material based writing papers, the candidates usually need to read an academic lecture, reading time for three minutes, then the article to this is hidden the students must listen to a about 1 and a half minutes of speech but the examinee when writing a composition can be seen in the listening materials in hidden to reading material.The examinee to listen for in the process can be done to help the answer in addition notes, the examinee has 20 minutes to summarize the point of the listening material, and explain these points and reading material the point of how different effective answer should usually is a 150-225 words each composition writing task score of 0-5 points inspects integrated language skills purpose composition score, to answer the quality, integrity and accuracy as the basis

译文：新托福考试的写作部分包括两道试题：独立写作和阅读听力综合写作。需在大约50分钟的时间内完成。独立写作试题部分有30分钟的时间，需要考生根据自己的知识和经验陈述解释并支持对某一问题的某种看法。与机考托福的写作

或笔考托福的写作类似。通常有效的回答应是一篇300个字左右的作文。对于以阅读和听力材料为基础的写作试题，考生通常需要阅读一篇学术演讲，阅读的时间为3分钟，然后文章隐去。这是考生需要听一段大约为1分半钟的演讲。但是考生在写作文时可以看到在放听力材料时隐去的阅读材料。考生在听录音的过程中可以做笔记来帮助答题。此外，考生有20分钟的时间来总结听力材料中的要点，并解释这些要点与阅读材料中的要点有何不同。通常有效的回答应是一篇150-225个单词的作文。每个写作任务的分数为0-5分。考察综合语言技能的作文题目的评分，以回答的质量，完整性和准确性为依据。

四、考试真题

阅读题：

20xx年1月

Questions 1-9

In 1903 the members of the governing board of the University of Washington. in

Seattle. engaged a firm of landscape architects, specialists in the design of outdoor

environments--OImsted Brothers of Brookline, Massachusetts-to advise them on an

Line appropriate layout for the university grounds. The plan impressed the university officials,

(5) and in time many of its recommendations were implemented. City officials in Seattle, the largest city in the northwestern United States, were also impressed, for they employed the same organization to study Seattle's public park needs. John Olmsted did the investigation

and subsequent report on Seattle's parks. He and his brothers believed that parks should

be adapted to the local topography, utilize the area's trees and shrubs, and be available to

(10) the entire community. They especially emphasized the need for natural, serene settings

where hurried urban dwellers could periodically escape from the city. The essence of the

Olmsted park plan was to develop a continuous driveway, twenty miles long, that would

tie together a whole series of parks, playgrounds, and parkways. There would be local

parks and squares, too, but all of this was meant to supplement the major driveway,

(15) which was to remain the unifying factor for the entire system. In November of 1903 the city council of Seattle adopted the Olmsted Report, and

it automatically became the master plan for the city's park system. Prior to this report,

Seattle's park development was very limited and funding meager. All this changed

after the report. Between 1907 and 1913, city voters approved special funding measures

(20) amounting to $4,000,000. With such unparalleled sums at their disposal, with the Olmsted guidelines to follow, and with the added incentive of wanting to have the city at its best for the

Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition of 1909, the Parks Board bought aggressively.

By 1913 Seattle had 25 parks amounting to 1,400 acres, as well as 400 acres in

playgrounds, pathways, boulevards, and triangles. More lands would be added in the

(25) future, but for all practical purposes it was the great land surge of 1907-1913 that

established Seattle's park system.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) The planned development of Seattle's public park system

(B) The organization of the Seattle city government

(C) The history of the OImsted Brothers architectural firm

(D) The design and building of the University of Washington campus

2. The word "engaged" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) trained

(B) hired

(C) described

(D) evaluated

口语：

What do you do in your spare time? (05. 12.3; 07. 7.14考题; 与07.8.17类似)

answer：

I'm kind of indoor type, so most often I read. I'm interested in reading all kinds of books and newspaper or magazine articles, especially those on current issues. I just want to keep myself informed of what's going on in the world.

Now I spend most of my spare time reading on the Internet by browsing the screen. It's fast though it might do harm to my eyes. It's just fast and I can read fast. I also watch TV, especially the NBA game ‘cause I'm a big basketball fan, even though I'm not very good at playing basketball myself. I love to watch and I will get excited and overjoyed whenever I see Yaoming do a nice shot.考试用书

If you unexpectedly received a large amount of money, what would you do with it? Would you spend it for practical purposes or simply for fun? (06. 11.18; 08.3.2考题)

Sample answer：

If I got a lot of money, the first thing I would like to do is to go for overseas study. I have always wanted to finish my university in a different country. When I was in junior high, one of my classmates got a chance to go to the USA. At that time there were not many families who could afford their child to do that. To me, it was also a dream, and the dream has been planting in my mind until today. Therefore, I would definitely do this first if I had enough money. Then, I would give the rest of my money to my parents so that they could live a better and easier life. These two things above are what I really would like to do if I had a lot of money.

写作：

一.综合写作

阅读：政府有个政策，保护旧房子，防止被新房子替代，文章认为不好，原因如下：

1.好房子很多设施，比如下水道堵，取暖不好，不方便现代人居住要求；

2.老房子占了很多好位置，不能盖商店、夜生活区等，不利于社区利益；

3.政府每年花很多钱维护老房子

听力材料中教授反对，认为这个政策好，原因如下：

1.好房子也可以被modernized，适合人们居住，而且事实上，人们喜欢住老房子因为老房子更加迷人；

2，社区的人们并不希望在他们社区里建大商场等，破坏他们的生活环境，这个政策有利于保护他们的意愿，他们很高兴；

3.为房子维护出钱的是tourists不是government，政府出的钱比起tourists来花的钱少得多。

问题是总结教授的观点，并说明他的观点如何挑战阅读材料的观点。

2.独立写作：

Many high school and university require students work projects in groups, and all the members get the same grade(mark ) on the group. Do you disagree or agree?

二．写作

阅读材料观点：

现在越来越多的人通过网络学习和取得文凭，但是很多雇主不愿意雇佣这样获得文凭（online degree）的人，原因有三：

1. 在线教育的质量(quality)很难保证，因为学生们在学校里学的东西和网络上不一样。课程不一样，质量当然不一样。

2. 在线教育的学生缺乏与人沟通的能力和技巧。因为他们没有太多与人接触的经验,social interaction难以保证。

3. 在线教育的学生容易academic cheating,因为他们可以找人帮忙。而学校里老师了解他的学生，网络上老师只能知道学生的作业是否交了而已。

听力开始反驳：

雇佣在线教育文凭的学生,对公司有好处的

1. 网络教育的内容和课堂教育是一样的，甚至更新的速度快，学生们可以学到最新的知识。所以教学质量是没有问题的。

2. 在线教育的学生不缺乏与人沟通的经验，他们通过网络在线讨论，视频电话聊天等一样可以与老师沟通交流，而且因为跨国公司都是用这种方式交流的，所以实际上他们更具有在线交流的经验优势。

3. 网络教育更加不容易cheating,因为老师有搜索引擎，所以可以更加容易的查出学生是否抄袭，所以学生更不愿意作弊。

听力：

1. Would you like some milk in your coffee?

Please.

What does the woman mean?

2. Could you help bother me plan a surprise party for Meg?

Sure. What can I do?

What does the woman mean?

3. Let's jog for another mile.

I'll try. But I'm running out of steam.

What does the man mean?

4. Should we call Marsha and tell her about the meeting? I'm not sure. It's up to you.

What does the man imply?

5. I can't seem to solve this problem.

Neither can I.

What does the woman say about the problem?

6. Hello. I'm calling to see of the summer position you advertised in the paper. Is it still available?

Uh, yes. Certainly. When could you come to the office for an interview? What will the man probably do?

7. It took me five days to drive down to Florida.

Five days? I could've walked there in less time.

What does the woman mean?

8. Excuse me, did anybody find a black umbrella after the last show? I left it under my chair.

As a matter of fact, we did. Check it at the ticket counter. That's where we turn it the lost-and-found items.

What does the man suggest the woman do?

9. I spent the whole weekend totally absorbed in this biography. And you still haven't finished reading it?

What can be inferred about the biography?

10. You haven't phoned Harry yet, have you?

As a matter of fact, I have.

What does the man mean?

11. I can't seem to find my photo album.

I think Mary is looking at it in the living room.

What does the man mean?

12. Did you hear that Mitchell turned down that job?

Yeah. The hours were convenient, but she wouldn't have been able to make ends meet.

What does the man say about Mitchell?

13. Is there a bus I can get to the station?

There is. But you can't rely on it. I can give you a ride if you can wait while I put these things

away.

What is the woman going to do?

14. I hate memorizing vocabulary.

Well, it's part of learning a second language so there not whole at all you can do about it.

What does the woman tell the man?

15. Have you had a chance to wear your new shirt yet?

That reminds me. I've been meaning to exchange it to a larger size. What does the man imply about the shirt?

16. Did you tell Carl that the concert starts at eight?

I've tried several times, but the line's been busy.

What does the man mean?

17. I had the brown paper and the string. Could you hand me the tape and the scissors please?

Sure. Here they are. But remember all this has to be weighted before it goes to.

What is the man probably doing?

18. Andrew likes his new place. But he is not too happy about all the noise.

What did he expect? He is right next to the airport. What does the woman mean?

19. I don't remember exactly what the lab hours are. But they are posted on the door.

I just checked that schedule and it says that the lab opens at ten. But it's all locked up.

What can be inferred about the lab?

20. The subway is running behind schedule, and traffic is backed up for blocks. I don't know if we'll make the 7:15 show.

It's a beautiful night. Let's try to get there on foot. And if we don't make it. Let's just have dinner near the theater.

What does the woman suggest they do?

21. We've been working on this proposal for so long that my eyes are starting to blur.

Why don't we get out of here? We can wrap it up later. What does the woman mean?.

五、考试流程

Ppt 六、成绩说明

新托福的每部分的成绩将转换为标准分后统一计算，具体如下：

1、阅读：满分为42至45分不等，转换为标准分后满分为30分; 2、听力：满分为34至36分不等，转换为标准分后满分为30分; 3、口语：满分为24分，转换为标准分后满分为30分; 4、写作：满分为8分，转换为标准分后满分为30分;

新托福考试阅读评分标准

口语评分标准 四分评分标准

1、ANSWER TO QUESTION

The student answers the question thoroughly. 2、COMPREHENSIBILITY

The student can be understood completely. 3、ORGANIZATION

The student‘s response is well organized and developed. 4、FLUENCY

The student‘s speech is generally fluent. 5、PRONUNCIATION

The student has generally good pronunciation. 6、GRAMMAR

The student uses advanced grammatical structures with a high degree of accuracy. 7、VOCABULARY

The student uses advanced vocabulary with a high degree of accuracy. 三分评分标准

1、ANSWER TO QUESTION

The student answers the questions adequately but not thoroughly.

2、COMPREHENSIBILITY

The student can generally be understood.

3、ORGANIZATION

The student‘s response is organized basically and is not thoroughly developed.

4、FLUENCY

The student‘s speech is generally fluent, with minor problems.

5、PRONUNCIATION

The student has generally good pronunciation, with minor problems.

6、GRAMMAR

The student uses either accurate easier grammatical structures or more advanced grammatical structures with some errors.

7、VOCABULARY

The student uses either accurate easier vocabulary or more advanced vocabulary with some errors

二分评分标准

1、ANSWER TO QUESTION

The student discusses information from the task but does not answer the question directly.

2、COMPREHENSIBILITY

The student is not always intelligible.

3、ORGANIZATION

The student‘s response is not clearly organized and is incomplete or contains some inaccurate points.

4、FLUENCY

The student‘s speech is not very fluent and has a number of problems.

5、PRONUNCIATION

The student‘s pronunciation is not very clear, with a number of problems.

6、GRAMMAR

The student has a number of errors in grammar or uses only very basic grammar fairly accurately.

7、VOCABULARY

The student has a number of errors in vocabulary or uses only very basic vocabulary fairly accurately.

一分评分标准

1、ANSWER TO QUESTION

The student‘s response is only slightly related to the topic.

2、COMPREHENSIBILITY

The student is only occasionally intelligible.

3、ORGANIZATION

The student‘s response is not clearly organized and is only minimally on the topic.

4、FLUENCY

The student has problems with fluency that make-the response difficult to understand.

5、PRONUNCIATION

The student has problems with pronunciation that make the response difficult to understand.

6、GRAMMAR

The student has numerous errors in grammar that interfere with meaning.

7、VOCABULARY

The student has numerous errors in vocabulary that interfere with meaning.

写作评分标准

六分：文章切题，阐说充分，文章有说服力;段落组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有很强的逻辑性;段落内句与句连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活，娴熟;用词确切，得体。文章中有个别语法拼写错误，但不影响内容表达。

五分：文章切题，阐说基本充分，在某些细节上有缺陷。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，逻辑性强;句间连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活;用词基本得体。文章中有少量用词不当和语法拼写错误。

四分：文章切题，阐说尚可，展开不够。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有逻辑性;句间连接基本顺畅;有部分句法错误;用词一般，有时不得体。词性区分和拼写等有若干错误。

三分：文章切题，段落组织基本合理，有逻辑性，但只存在于语义层次上，语言表达上未能体现;句子框架结构基本成立，但有许多语法错误，句间联系不顺畅，往往是不善于使用逻辑连词，显得幼稚，生硬。词汇方面拼写错误多，常有用词不得体现象。

二分：文章切题。阐说没有展开，只限于三言两语地回答问题;没有段落组织，很乱，长度很短，只有一段;句子排列有一定的逻辑关系，能看出各句基本框架，但结构或语法错误较多;用词不得体，拼写错误多。

一分：文章各方面都有严重错误，句子不像句子。总体印象是根本没有写作能力，英语水平太低，够不上二分标准，只能打最低分。