Today we are very sad, because our whole school is the most beautiful, the most tender, the most virtuous English teacher will belong to another person.
今天我们非常伤心，因为我们全校最美丽，最温柔，最贤惠的英语老师即将属于另一个人。
She will give her heart entirely to another man. 她将把她的心完全托付给另一人。
Today we are very happy because our teacher finally finished her one most important thing in life.
今天我们又很开心因为我们的老师终于完成了她一生中最重要的事。
Today we are full of expectation.
今天我们充满期待。
She will be the happiest woman in the world.
她将成为世界上最幸福的女人。
To the world you may be one person, but to one person you may be the world. 对于世界而言，你是一个人；但是对于某人，你是他的整个世界。
Wishing you a world of happiness and love as all your dreams come true . 但愿天从人愿，幸福与爱情无边！
Today we are very sad, because our whole school is the most beautiful, the most tender, the most virtuous English teacher will belong to another person.
今天我们非常伤心，因为我们全校最美丽，最温柔，最贤惠的英语老师即将属于另一个人。
She will give her heart entirely to another man. 她将把她的心完全托付给另一人。
Today we are very happy because our teacher finally finished her one most important thing in life.
今天我们又很开心因为我们的老师终于完成了她一生中最重要的事。
Today we are full of expectation.
今天我们充满期待。
She will be the happiest woman in the world.
她将成为世界上最幸福的女人。
To the world you may be one person, but to one person you may be the world. 对于世界而言，你是一个人；但是对于某人，你是他的整个世界。
Wishing you a world of happiness and love as all your dreams come true . 但愿天从人愿，幸福与爱情无边！
第二篇：英文文献及中文翻译
毕业设计说明书
英文文献及中文翻译
魏生栋 0706054151
学 专
2011 年 6 月
ASP.NET Overview
ASP.NET is a unified Web development model that includes the services
necessary for you to build enterprise-class Web applications with a minimum of coding.ASP.NET is part of the .NET Framework, and when coding ASP.NET
applications you have access to classes in the .NET Framework.You can code your applications in any language compatible with the common language runtime (CLR), including Microsoft Visual Basic and C#. These languages enable you to develop ASP.NET applications that benefit from the common language runtime, type safety, inheritance, and so on.
If you want to try ASP.NET, you can install Visual Web Developer Express using the Microsoft Web Platform Installer, which is a free tool that makes it simple to download, install, and service components of the Microsoft Web Platform.These components include Visual Web Developer Express, Internet Information Services (IIS), SQL Server Express, and the .NET Framework. All of these are tools that you use to create ASP.NET Web applications. You can also use the Microsoft Web Platform Installer to install open-source ASP.NET and PHP Web applications.
Visual Web Developer
Visual Web Developer is a full-featured development environment for creating ASP.NET Web applications. Visual Web Developer provides an ideal environment in which to build Web sites and then publish them to a hosting site. Using the
development tools in Visual Web Developer, you can develop ASP.NET Web pages on your own computer. Visual Web Developer includes a local Web server that provides all the features you need to test and debug ASP.NET Web pages, without requiring Internet Information Services (IIS) to be installed.
Visual Web Developer provides an ideal environment in which to build Web sites and then publish them to a hosting site. Using the development tools in Visual Web Developer, you can develop ASP.NET Web pages on your own computer.
Visual Web Developer includes a local Web server that provides all the features you need to test and debug ASP.NET Web pages, without requiring Internet Information Services (IIS) to be installed.
When your site is ready, you can publish it to the host computer using the
built-in Copy Web tool, which transfers your files when you are ready to share them with others. Alternatively, you can precompile and deploy a Web site by using the Build Web Site command. The Build Web Site command runs the compiler over the entire Web site (not just the code files) and produces a Web site layout that you can deploy to a production server.
Finally, you can take advantage of the built-in support for File Transfer Protocol (FTP).Using the FTP capabilities of Visual Web Developer, you can connect directly to the host computer and then create and edit files on the server.
ASP.NET Web Sites and ASP.NET Web Application Projects
Using Visual Studio tools, you can create different types of ASP.NET projects, which includes Web sites, Web applications, Web services, and AJAX server controls.
There is a difference between Web site projects and Web application projects. Some features work only with Web application projects, such as MVC and certain tools for automating Web deployment. Other features, such as Dynamic Data, work with both Web sites and Web application projects.
Page and Controls Framework
The ASP.NET page and controls framework is a programming framework that runs on a Web server to dynamically produce and render ASP.NET Web pages. ASP.NET Web pages can be requested from any browser or client device, and
ASP.NET renders markup (such as HTML) to the requesting browser. As a rule, you
can use the same page for multiple browsers, because ASP.NET renders the
appropriate markup for the browser making the request. However, you can design your ASP.NET Web page to target a specific browser and take advantage of the features of that browser.
ASP.NET Web pages are completely object-oriented. Within ASP.NET Web pages you can work with HTML elements using properties, methods, and events. The ASP.NET page framework removes the implementation details of the separation of client and server inherent in Web-based applications by presenting a unified model for responding to client events in code that runs at the server. The framework also automatically maintains the state of a page and the controls on that page during the page processing life cycle.
The ASP.NET page and controls framework also enables you to encapsulate
common UI functionality in easy-to-use, reusable controls. Controls are written once, can be used in many pages, and are integrated into the ASP.NET Web page that they are placed in during rendering.
The ASP.NET page and controls framework also provides features to control the overall look and feel of your Web site via themes and skins. You can define themes and skins and then apply them at a page level or at a control level.
In addition to themes, you can define master pages that you use to create a consistent layout for the pages in your application. A single master page defines the layout and standard behavior that you want for all the pages (or a group of pages) in your application. You can then create individual content pages that contain the
page-specific content you want to display. When users request the content pages, they merge with the master page to produce output that combines the layout of the master page with the content from the content page. The ASP.NET page framework also enables you to define the pattern for URLs that will be used in your site. This helps with search engine optimization (SEO) and makes URLs more user-friendly.
The ASP.NET page and control framework is designed to generate HTML that conforms to accessibility guidelines.
ASP.NET Compiler
All ASP.NET code is compiled, which enables strong typing, performance optimizations, and early binding, among other benefits. Once the code has been compiled, the common language runtime further compiles ASP.NET code to native code, providing improved performance.
ASP.NET includes a compiler that will compile all your application components including pages and controls into an assembly that the ASP.NET hosting environment can then use to service user requests.
Security Infrastructure
In addition to the security features of .NET, ASP.NET provides an advanced security infrastructure for authenticating and authorizing user access as well as performing other security-related tasks. You can authenticate users using Windows authentication supplied by IIS, or you can manage authentication using your own user database using ASP.NET forms authentication and ASP.NET membership.
Additionally, you can manage the authorization to the capabilities and information of your Web application using Windows groups or your own custom role database using ASP.NET roles. You can easily remove, add to, or replace these schemes depending upon the needs of your application.
ASP.NET always runs with a particular Windows identity so you can secure your application using Windows capabilities such as NTFS Access Control Lists (ACLs), database permissions, and so on.
State-Management Facilities
ASP.NET provides intrinsic state management functionality that enables you to store information between page requests, such as customer information or the contents
of a shopping cart. You can save and manage application-specific, session-specific, page-specific, user-specific, and developer-defined information. This information can be independent of any controls on the page.
ASP.NET offers distributed state facilities, which enable you to manage state information across multiple instances of the same application on one computer or on several computers.
ASP.NET Configuration
ASP.NET applications use a configuration system that enables you to define configuration settings for your Web server, for a Web site, or for individual
applications. ASP.NET configuration settings are stored in XML-based files. Because these XML files are text files, it is simple to make configuration changes to your Web applications.
Health Monitoring and Performance Features
ASP.NET includes features that enable you to monitor health and performance of your ASP.NET application.ASP.NET health monitoring enables reporting of key events that provide information about the health of an application and about error conditions. These events show a combination of diagnostics and monitoring
characteristics and offer a high degree of flexibility in terms of what is logged and how it is logged.
ASP.NET supports two groups of performance counters available to your
applications: The ASP.NET system performance counter group、The ASP.NET application performance counter group.
Debugging Support
ASP.NET takes advantage of the run-time debugging infrastructure to provide cross-language and cross-computer debugging support. You can debug both managed
and unmanaged objects, in addition to all languages supported by the common language runtime and script languages.
In addition, the ASP.NET page framework provides a trace mode that enables you to insert instrumentation messages into your ASP.NET Web pages.
Web Services Framework
ASP.NET supports XML Web services. An XML Web service is a component that contains business functionality that enables applications to exchange information across firewalls by using standards like HTTP and XML messaging. XML Web services are not tied to a particular component technology or object-calling
convention. As a result, programs written in any language, using any component model, and running on any operating system can access XML Web services. Extensible Hosting Environment and Application Life-Cycle Management ASP.NET includes an extensible hosting environment that controls the life cycle of an application from when a user first accesses a resource (such as a page) in the application to the point at which the application is shut down. While ASP.NET relies on a Web server (IIS) as an application host, ASP.NET provides much of the hosting functionality itself. The architecture of ASP.NET enables you to respond to application events and create custom HTTP handlers and HTTP modules. Extensible Designer Environment
ASP.NET includes enhanced support for creating designers for Web server
controls for use with a visual design tool such as Visual Studio. Designers enable you to build a design-time user interface for a control, so that developers can configure your control's properties and content in the visual design tool.
Web Applications Based on the MVC Pattern
ASP.NET MVC helps Web developers build standards-based Web applications that are easy to maintain because it decreases the dependency among application layers by using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern. It also provides complete control over the page markup.ASP.NET MVC improves testability by supporting Test Driven Development (TDD).
ASP.NET Dynamic Data
ASP.NET Dynamic Data is a framework that lets you create data-driven
ASP.NET Web applications easily. It does this by automatically discovering data-model metadata at run time and deriving UI behavior from it. A scaffolding framework provides a functional Web site for viewing and editing data. You can easily customize the scaffolding framework by changing elements or creating new ones to override the default behavior. Existing applications can easily integrate scaffolding elements together with ASP.NET pages.
ASP.NET 概述
ASP.NET 是一个统一的 Web 开发模型，它包括您使用尽可能少的代码生成企业级 Web 应用程序所必需的各种服务。ASP.NET 作为 .NET Framework 的一部分提供。当您编写 ASP.NET 应用程序的代码时，可以访问 .NET Framework 中的类。可使用与公共语言运行时 (CLR) 兼容的任何语言（包括 Microsoft Visual Basic 和 C#）编写应用程序的代码。使用这些语言，可以开发利用公共语言运行时、类型安全、继承等方面的优点的 ASP.NET 应用程序。
若要尝试 ASP.NET，可以使用 Microsoft Web 平台安装程序安装 Visual Web Developer 速成版，Microsoft Web 平台安装程序是一款免费的工具，使用它可以方便地下载、安装和维护 Microsoft Web 平台的组件。这些组件包括 Visual Web Developer 学习版、Internet Information Services (IIS)、SQL Server Express 和 .NET Framework。所有这些组件都是用于创建 ASP.NET Web 应用程序的工具。此外，还可以使用 Microsoft Web 平台安装程序安装开放源代码的 ASP.NET 和 PHP Web 应用程序。
Visual Web Developer
Visual Web Developer 是一个功能齐备的开发环境，可用于创建 ASP.NET Web 应用程序。Visual Web Developer 提供了一种生成网站并将其发布到承载站点的理想环境。使用 Visual Web Developer 中的开发工具，可以在自己的计算机上开发 ASP.NET 网页。Visual Web Developer 包括一个本地 Web 服务器，无需安装 Internet 信息服务 (IIS)，该服务器即可提供测试和调试 ASP.NET 网页所需的全部功能。
Visual Web Developer 提供了一种生成网站并将其发布到承载站点的理想环境。使用 Visual Web Developer 中的开发工具，可以在自己的计算机上开发 ASP.NET 网页。Visual Web Developer 包括一个本地 Web 服务器，无需安装 Internet 信息服务 (IIS)，该服务器即可提供测试和调试 ASP.NET 网页所需的全部功能。
站点准备就绪后，可以使用内置的 Copy Web 工具将其发布到主机上。准备好与他人共享文件后，就可以使用该工具传输这些文件。或者，您可以使用“生成网站”命令对网站进行预编译和部署。“生成网站”命令对整个网站运行编译器（而不仅仅对代码文件），并生成可部署到生产服务器的网站布局。
最后，可以利用对文件传输协议 (FTP) 的内置支持。使用 Visual Web Developer 的 FTP 功能，可以直接连接到主机，然后在该服务器上创建和编辑文件。
ASP.NET 网站和 ASP.NET Web 应用程序项目
通过使用 Visual Studio 工具，您可以创建不同类型的 ASP.NET 项目，包括网站、Web 应用程序、Web 服务和 AJAX 服务器控件。
网站项目和 Web 应用程序项目之间存在着差异。一些功能仅适用于 Web 应用程序项目，例如 MVC 和用于自动进行 Web 部署的某些工具。其他功能（如动态数据）同时适用于网站项目和 Web 应用程序项目。
页和控件框架
ASP.NET 页和控件框架是一种编程框架，它在 Web 服务器上运行，可以动态地生成和呈现 ASP.NET 网页。可以从任何浏览器或客户端设备请求 ASP.NET 网页，ASP.NET 会向请求浏览器呈现标记（例如 HTML）。通常，您可以对多个浏览器使用相同的页，因为 ASP.NET 会为发出请求的浏览器呈现适当的标记。但是，您可以针对特定浏览器设计您的 ASP.NET 网页，并利用该浏览器的功能。
ASP.NET 网页是完全面向对象的。在 ASP.NET 网页中，可以使用属性、方法和事件来处理 HTML 元素。ASP.NET 页框架为响应在服务器上运行的代码中的客户端事件提供统一的模型，从而使您不必考虑基于 Web 的应用程序中固有的客户端和服务器隔离的实现细节。该框架还会在页处理生命周期中自动维护页及该页上控件的状态。
使用 ASP.NET 页和控件框架还可以将常用的 UI 功能封装成易于使用且可重用的控件。控件只需编写一次，即可用于许多页并集成到 ASP.NET 网页中。这些控件在呈现期间放入 ASP.NET 网页中。
ASP.NET 页和控件框架还提供各种功能，以便可以通过主题和外观来控制网站的整体外观和感觉。可以先定义主题和外观，然后在页面级或控件级应用这些主题和外观。
除了主题外，还可以定义母版页，以使应用程序中的页具有一致的布局。一个母版页可以定义你希望应用程序中的所有页（或一组页）所具有的布局和标准行为。然后可以创建包含要显示的页特定内容的各个内容页。当用户请求内容页时，这些内容页将与母版页合并，产生将母版页的布局与内容页中的内容组合在一起的输出。
利用 ASP.NET 页框架，还可以为将在站点中使用的 URL 定义模式。这有助于进行搜索引擎优化 (SEO)，并提高 URL 的用户友好程度。
ASP.NET 编译器
所有 ASP.NET 代码都经过了编译，可提供强类型、性能优化和早期绑定以及其他优点。代码一经编译，公共语言运行时会进一步将 ASP.NET 编译为本机代码，从而提供增强的性能。
ASP.NET 包括一个编译器，该编译器将包括页和控件在内的所有应用程序组件编译成一个程序集，之后 ASP.NET 承载环境可以使用该程序集来处理用户请求。
安全基础结构
除了 .NET 的安全功能外，ASP.NET 还提供了高级的安全基础结构，以便对用户进行身份验证和授权，并执行其他与安全相关的功能。您可以使用由 IIS 提供的 Windows 身份验证对用户进行身份验证，也可以通过您自己的用户数据库使用 ASP.NET Forms 身份验证和 ASP.NET 成员资格来管理身份验证。此外，可
以使用 Windows 组或您自己的自定义角色数据库（使用 ASP.NET 角色）来 管理 Web 应用程序的功能和信息方面的授权。您可以根据应用程序的需要方便地移除、添加或替换这些方案。
ASP.NET 始终使用特定的 Windows 标识运行，因此，您可以通过使用
Windows 功能（例如 NTFS 访问控制列表 (ACL)、数据库权限等等）来保护应用程序的安全。
状态管理功能
ASP.NET 提供了内部状态管理功能，它使您能够存储页请求期间的信息，例如客户信息或购物车的内容。您可以保存和管理应用程序特定、会话特定、页特定、用户特定和开发人员定义的信息。此信息可以独立于页上的任何控件。 ASP.NET 提供了分布式状态功能，使您能够管理一台计算机或数台计算机上同一应用程序的多个实例的状态信息。
ASP.NET 配置
通过 ASP.NET 应用程序使用的配置系统，可以定义 Web 服务器、网站或单个应用程序的配置设置。ASP.NET 配置设置存储在基于 XML 的文件中。由于这些 XML 文件是文本文件，因此对 Web 应用程序进行配置更改比较简单。 运行状况监视和性能功能
ASP.NET 包括可监视 ASP.NET 应用程序的运行状况和性能的功能。使用 ASP.NET 运行状况监视可以报告关键事件，这些关键事件提供有关应用程序的运行状况和错误情况的信息。这些事件显示诊断和监视特征的组合，并在记录哪些事件以及如何记录事件等方面提供了高度的灵活性。
ASP.NET 支持两组可供应用程序使用的性能计数器：ASP.NET 系统性能计数器组、ASP.NET 应用程序性能计数器组。
调试支持
ASP.NET 利用运行时调试基础结构来提供跨语言和跨计算机调试支持。可以调试托管对象和非托管对象，以及公共语言运行时和脚本语言支持的所有语言。 此外，ASP.NET 页框架提供使您可以将检测消息插入 ASP.NET 网页的跟踪模式。
Web 服务框架
ASP.NET 支持 XML Web services。XML Web services 是包含业务功能的组件，利用此业务功能，应用程序可以使用 HTTP 和 XML 消息等标准跨防火墙交换信息。XML Web services 不用依靠特定的组件技术或对象调用约定。因此，用任何语言编写、使用任何组件模型并在任何操作系统上运行的程序，都可以访问 XML Web services。
扩展的承载环境和应用程序生命周期管理
ASP.NET 包括一个可扩展的承载环境，该环境控制应用程序的生命周期，即从用户首次访问此应用程序中的资源（例如页）到应用程序关闭这一期间。虽然 ASP.NET 依赖作为应用程序宿主的 Web 服务器 (IIS)，但 ASP.NET 自身也提供了许多承载功能。通过 ASP.NET 的基础结构，您可以响应应用程序事件并创建自定义 HTTP 处理程序和 HTTP 模块。
可扩展的设计器环境
ASP.NET 中提供了对创建 Web 服务器控件设计器（用于可视化设计工具，例如 Visual Studio）的增强支持。使用设计器可以为控件生成设计时用户界面，这样开发人员可以在可视化设计工具中配置控件的属性和内容。
基于 MVC 模式的 Web 应用程序
ASP.NET MVC 通过使用模型-视图-控制器 (MVC) 模式，减小了应用程序层之间的依赖性，可帮助 Web 开发人员生成易于维护的基于标准的网站。它还提
供对页标记的完全控制。ASP.NET MVC 通过支持测试驱动的开发 (TDD) 来提高可测试性。
ASP.NET 动态数据
ASP.NET 动态数据是一个可使您轻松创建数据驱动的 ASP.NET Web 应用程序的框架。它通过在运行时自动发现数据模型元数据并从其派生 UI 行为来实现此目的。基架框架可提供正常工作的网站以供查看和编辑数据。通过更改元素或创建新元素以重写默认行为，可以轻松地自定义基架框架。现有应用程序可以轻松地将基架元素与 ASP.NET 页集成。将会发现，创建和运行应用程序比以前变得更加简单，而且使用的代码比以前更少。同时，还可以根据自己的需求向 ASP.NET 动态数据添加自定义功能。