沦为普通周末的中秋节意义何在
今年的中秋节又有新调整,据国务院办公厅发布的节假日安排显示,今年中秋节正逢新历9月27日(周日),因此中秋节放假时间为:9月26日(星期六)、9月27日中秋节(星期天,法定节假日),共两天。持续多年通过调休而成的3天中秋小长假明年不会再出现在公众的视野中(中国网9月7日报道)。
针对公众“为何今年中秋节缩水一天”的疑问,专家表示,是因为考虑到中秋节之后紧接着就是国庆节,为了避免让大家连上9天班,中秋节的补假放在了国庆节一起安排,国庆节后仅10月10日(周六)上班,公民休假总天数并未减少。
八月十五月儿圆,吃月饼,阖家团圆,这是公众对于中秋节多年来养成的习惯。但是,中秋节此次从3天调整为2天后,至少许多人回家与家人团聚的愿望要搁置了,毕竟假期太短,来回行程过于紧张。
其实,无论怎样调整,中秋节调整都不要偏离人文本位。作为传统节日,中秋节的最大价值在于让人们在浓浓的团圆庆贺氛围中,通过月饼等极具象征意味的节庆食品分享,感受到这一沿袭千年的传统文化的意义所在。
由此可以说,中秋节的本质,就是最大限度地弘扬这一文化精髓。与国庆节相比,虽然国庆节有7天之久的假期,但大家恐怕更多对其的通盘计划是在家休息放松,或者出门旅游。国庆节更像是一个消费型节日,与之不同,中秋节则要突出其文化传承,尤其是带给普通人的团圆、温馨。
因此,中秋节缩水一天,看似调整幅度不大,但给节日本身的意义传递带来了非常明显的影响。以往,许多工作地与家乡距离不远的人,可以利用这一小长假回家团圆。可今年中秋节其实就是周六周日两天,有此愿望的民众只能被迫放弃。依然与家人两地分开,不能同在屋檐下举头望明月,吃着寓意着甜美与团圆意味的月饼,这种独有的感受丧失了,中秋节所寄予的文化品位也就不复存在。如此一来,中秋节不就沦为普通的周末了吗?
这其实与国家近年来恢复中秋、端午等传统节日的初衷也有相当差距。有别于一般节假日,中秋节、端午节更强调历史文化与当下人们需求的结合,用或复古或融入时代元素的美学仪式,让民众在不断的亲身体验中温故而知新,激发出强烈的文化认同感,从而自觉地成为其所指向民族精神代际传递的火炬手。
其实,与其中秋节缩水一天,还不如国庆节少放一天,确保中秋的3天假期。毕竟,越来越多的人已经厌倦了国庆长假集中式旅游的人潮涌动、服务质量不高等弊端,只能无聊地在家胡吃海喝七天,无论是节日意义弘扬还是个体感受都不理想。而让中秋节获得更多的假期保障,起码不至于让这一传统文化食之无味。
如果有关部门只是一味考虑到节日带给人们的休闲娱乐等物化功能,却在不断地调整中抛却了应有的思想、文化与艺术基础,最终只会反推包括中秋节在内的传统节日不断式微。近年来,中秋节已经被感喟于只剩下不好吃的月饼,难道还真要让它变成为国庆节“黄金周”消费让位的鸡肋?
这些年来,节日放假调来调去,却始终令公众难感满意,原因恐怕就在于决策者往往过于强调节日的经济产出比,比如当初黄金周设立据说就是为了拉动内需,而没有真正从民众诉求出发,对节日背后的人文价值也不够重视,此次中秋节调整无疑再次暴露出这一天。希望未来决策者在节日规划时勿忘初心——究竟为何设立这样的节日,节日本身能够给民众带来些什么,以及围绕于此如何进行更合理化的安排。
毕舸
第二篇:关于中秋节的论文
中国文化概况课程
论文
A Brief introduction of the
Mid-Autumn Festival
学 号: 指导教师: 刘显容
学科专业: 英语专业(师范方向)
班 级: 2012级六班
摘 要
中秋节是农历八月十五日,是我国仅次于春节的第二大传统节日。也称仲秋节、团圆节和八月节等,是我国汉族和大部分少数民族的传统节日,也流行于朝鲜、日本和越南等邻国。根据我国古代历法,一年有四季,每季三个月,分别被称为孟月、仲月、季月三部分,因此秋季的第二月叫仲秋,又因农历八月十五在八月中旬,故称中秋。
随着社会的不断发展,古人赋予月亮许多传说,从吴刚伐桂到嫦娥奔月,丰富的想象力为月宫世界描绘了一幅幅斑驳陆离的胜景。自汉至唐,骚人墨客纷纷吟咏月亮及月中之事,八月十五月圆时成为抒发感情的极佳时刻。中秋之夜,明月当空,清辉洒满大地,人们把月圆当作团圆的象征,把八月十五作为亲人团聚的日子,因此,中秋节又被称为“团圆节”。
关键词:中秋起源、民间风俗、民间传说
Abstract
The Mid-Autumn Festival is in the lunar August 15th. It is the second major traditional festivals in China after the Spring Festival. It is also called Zhongqiu Festival, Reunion Festival and Festival of August. And the Mid-Autumn Festival is not only the traditional festival of Chinese Han ethnic and most of the minorities but also popular in Korea, Japan and Vietnam and other neighboring countries. According to ancient Chinese calendar, there are four seasons in a year; each season has three months which are Meng, Zhong and Ji .So the second month in fall is called the Mid-Autumn fall.
With the development of society, the moon has many stories, from Wu Gang to chang’e, imagination painted pieces of variegated world scenery for moon .Since the Han Dynasty, writers and poets praised the moon and months, which was a very good moment to express the feelings of the full moon in August. At the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon was in the sky and shone the earth. People regarded the moon as a symbol of reunion, to regard August 15th as a day of family’s reunion. Therefore, the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called “The Festival of Reunion”.
Key Words: The origin of Mid-Autumn Festival, folk-custom, folklore
1 The origin of Mid-Autumn Festival
1.1 Originated from the ancient worship of the month
As with other traditional festivals, the Mid-Autumn festival has a long history. The emperors of ancient had the etiquette of worshiping the sun in Spring and worshiping the moon in Autumn. In ancient books,
1 Later aristocrats and there was the record of “the Mid-Autumn”○
scholars also follow up. All of them worshiped the moon in the Mid-Autumn festival. This custom spread to folk and formed a traditional activity.
Until the Tang Dynasty, the festival custom of moon got more attention of people. The Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival .And they had recorded the festival in book “August 15th
2 This festival was prevalent in the Song Mid-Autumn Festival”○
Dynasty. To the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was famous as New Year's Day, as one of China's major festivals.
1.2 The relationship with the imperial examination
In the feudal society of China, there was a very important exam to select talent. And once in three years the Autumn Wei match arranged to be held in August. People called the champions laurel of mid-autumn. Every mid-autumn festival, they must celebrate the important thing. Later it had become a important custom. So the Mid-Autumn Festival has become one of the most important festivals in China.
2 The folk-custom of Mid-Autumn Festival
2.1 The moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival
In China, worshiping moon is a very old custom. It is also the origin
of the festival. The place of worshiping called Ri Tan, Di Tan, Yue Tan, Tian Tan, which were located in the four directions of east south north and west. Beijing Yuetan is the place of Ming and Qing emperors worshiping in the festival. Book of Rites on the record as “yuzuki of
3 that is to worship goddess of the moon. Autumn Twilight”○
In the Song Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival moon's much more vigorous, as far as Tokyo Meng hua lu reads: “In the autumn of your
4home decorations Taixie, civil war accounted for restaurants Wan Yue”○
During the day, the capital of all shops, restaurants must be re-decoration, ceremonial arch tie silk wounded, the sale of fresh fruit and refined good food, night markets crowded, the people who boarded the tower over a number of well-off people in their own tower Pavilion on the moon, and put food or arrange a private banquet, family reunion child, a common view of the moon Xu Tan.
2.2 Eating moon cakes
China's urban and rural masses, the festival has a custom of eating moon cakes, “moon cakes” the word first appeared in the Dream beams
5 in the Southern Song .During that time, it was only the of Wu zimu○
cake pie food. Later, people gradually to the full moon and the taste of the Mid-Autumn moon cakes together, being a symbol of family reunion.
Moon cakes was originally produced in the family, The Yuan Mei of Qing Dynasty in Sui Garden Fresh single had recorded a moon cake
6. In modern times, there were specialized workshops making approach○
moon cakes, the production became more sophisticating, the moon is also printed with a variety of exquisite patterns. The moon cake were round ,so it means reunion and it symbolizes miss home, miss their loved ones.
2.3 Playing with lanterns
In The Mid-Autumn Festival, there are many games. The first is playing lanterns. Playing lanterns is mainly carried out in the family, children. There was a record “a little red light in the river drift” activity in
7 Various kinds of Wulin old thing in the early Northern Song Dynasty○
lights: Sesame lamp, eggshell lamp, lamp shell particles, straw lamps, Shavings lamp, chaff lamp, melon seed hull fish lamp and birds tree lights, amazing.
3 Folklore in the Mid-Autumn Festival
3.1 Chang'e flight to the moon
According to legend, in ancient times a year, ten suns appeared in the sky. There was a hero named Hou Yi shot down nine stretch an excess of sun. He married a beautiful and kind-hearted wife named Chang-e. They were respected by people. One day, Hou Yi got a drug from the Queen Mother. It is said that the drug dose can immediately go to heaven immortal.
Three days later, Hou Yi went out hunting, Peng Meng wanted to steal the drug. Chang-e knew that they are not rivals, when she was critical of the decisive turn open the treasure box, took out elixir swallowed. Chang-e swallowed drugs, the body immediately floated off the ground, out of the window, flew to the sky. As Chang-e worried about her husband, then fly to the moon from the earth into the nearest cent.
In the Evening, Hou Yi returned home, he was scared and angry, but Peng Meng escaped early. He looked up at the night sky, calling his beloved wife's name. Then he was surprised to find that today's moon is particularly bright and clear and there is a shaking of the figure resembles the Chang-e. People soon heard about the news of Chang-e, they pray for good luck peace. Since then, the custom of Mid-Autumn Festival worship in private spread.
3.2 Wu Gang cut the laurel
It is said that on the moon there was a laurel which was more than 500 feet high. There was a person always in cutting it, but he never cut it down. For thousands of years, Wu Gang never stop in cut the tree, the laurel tree can not be cut down forever.
It is said that the man named Wu Gang, was living near the Han
River. He followed the religious immortal, flight to heaven. But he made a mistake, an immortal banished him to the palace. He did this work proved futile grind day after day as a punishment. Li Bai had a poem
8 wrote “to chop a GUI months, who had paid for the cold”○
3.3 Zhu Yuanzhang and moon cakes uprising
Eating moon cakes in Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Yuan dynasty. At that time, the majority of the people were unbearable with the ruling class and the brutality of the Yuan dynasty rule. Zhu Yuanzhang joint the uprising to resist the government. But the government officers searched very tight, The army were very difficult to send the message. His consigliore Liu Bowen devised a plan, hiding a note writes “August fifteen night uprising” inside the pancake, and then sent to the rebel army, to inform them on the evening of August 15th uprising. At the day of the uprising , all the army got together.
Soon, Xu Da captured Yuan Dadu, the uprising succeeded. The news came, Zhu Yuanzhang was very happy and hurriedly pass down the oral instructions that in the coming Mid-Autumn Festival, all the soldiers could have fun with the citizens. And he ordered to regard the “moon cakes” as the seasonal pastries to reward courtiers. Since then, the “moon cakes” were made more and more sophisticated, and the Mid-Autumn moon cakes in folk custom spread.
References
1. Zhou Li, The Western Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Gong Dan
2. Tang Books
3. Book of Rites, the Western Han Dynasty, Da De& Dai Sheng
4. Tokyo Dream Hua Lu, the Song Dynasty, Meng &Yuanlao
5. Dream Liang Lu, the Southern Song Dynasty ,Wu Zimu
6. Sui Yuan Food List, the Qing Dynasty , Huang Yuan Mei
7. Wu Lin Old Story
8. To Cui Si Hu Wen Kun Season, the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai
9. Teikyo Features Slightly,the Ming Dynasty, Liu Dong&Yu Yizheng.
10. The Mid-Autumn Festival, 2010, Huang Tao