大人应该向孩子学什么

我们总认为孩子是幼稚的，有些父母甚至把教育孩子作为自己生活的全部，然而美国有一个孩子却大胆地提出：父母应该向孩子学习！

她就是邹奇奇（Adora Svitak），一个作品丰富的短篇故事作家，七岁开始写个人博客，在发表TED演讲时只有12岁！

她提到，这个世界需要“幼稚”的想法，狂热的创意，还有乐观积极的态度。孩子们的梦想值得受到期望，大人们在教育孩子的同时，也应该向孩子学习。

翻译：

在开始之前我想提一个问题：你上次被评价为“幼稚”是什么时候

像我一样的孩子

被称作“幼稚”是件常有的事

每次我们提出无理的要求

做出不负责任的行为

又或者是做出异于常人的表现时

我们便被称作为“幼稚”

这真的让我很烦恼

总之 来看看这些大事件吧

帝国主义和殖民化统治

世界大战

乔治布什

问问自己：谁来为这一切负责？

成年人

现在来看看 孩子们都做什么

安妮·法兰克写的作品《安妮日记》

对二战时期大屠杀的有力记述感动千百万人

卢比·布里奇斯帮助了美国种族隔离的终止

此外 近期的

查理·辛普森骑着自己的自行车

为海地灾区筹募了十二万英镑的善款

所以 正如你们所见

年龄和“幼稚”一词并无任何的关系

很多时候

成年人也会做出幼稚的行为

所以 对于在批评他人

不负责表现与非理性思考之时

我们应该废除这个对年龄差别歧视的词语

谢谢

其次 又是谁说

那样的非理性思考

不是这个世界所真正需要的呢

也许你曾经胸怀大志

但告诉自己说

这不可能 或者这样代价太大

又或者我并不从中受益

不管怎样

我们孩子并不像你们大人一样

在自己想做的事情面前

畏畏缩缩

孩子们心里有着激励人心的抱负

和希望美好的想法

就像我希望世界上没有人挨饿

或者一切都是免费的 有点乌托邦

在座的还有多少人依旧心怀梦想

并相信实现的可能

有时候了解乌托邦历史

以及其曾有的失败

并不是什么好事

比如当你知道一切都是免费的时候 储存的食物将匮乏耗尽

以至于社会混乱

但另一方面

孩子们依然梦想着完美

这是一件好事

因为任何情况下 你要先怀有梦想

才能再把它付诸于实际

（注:0——2分27秒，作为第一个短视频）

在很多的方方面面 我们大胆想象

帮助我们在幻象与现实之间又拉近一步 例如

华盛顿塔克马的玻璃博物馆

我的家乡 华盛顿

在那儿有个叫“孩子们设计的玻璃”计划 孩子们画出自己心中的玻璃艺术

现在 一些在那儿常驻的艺术家说

正是这些想法激发了他们有史以来最棒的点子 因为孩子们的思想不受局限

他们不会考虑

设计后玻璃如何加工

他们只是将最好的创意展现出来

现在当你想到玻璃的时候

也许会想到奇休利色彩鲜艳的设计

又或想到意大利式的花瓶

但孩子们的想法使工艺师们超越固有的思想 并进入像《心碎小蛇》

对熏肉充满幻想的《培根男孩》的世界里 所以说

我们的智慧是与生俱来的

并不取决于专业的知识

孩子已经从成年人那儿学到很多了

而我们身上也有很多可取之处

我认为成年人应该开始向孩子们学习 现在我所做的演讲

主要针对受过教育的群众

就像是老师和学生 我喜欢拿这个来比喻 不应该只有老师站在教室里

告诉学生做这做那

学生也应该教他们的老师

成年和孩子之间的学习应该是相互的 但不幸的是 现实与理想背道而驰

这与信任或又是缺乏信任有着很大的关系 如果你不相信某人

你就会对他有所限制

我若是怀疑我姐姐还百分之十的贷款利息的能力 我就会根据她上次的贷款记录酌情考虑 要是她不把上次借的钱还回来

我是不会再借给她一毛一分的

顺便说一句 这是真的

现在 成年人似乎对孩子

普遍持有这种约束性的态度

从学生守则里每一句的

不准这样 不准那样

在学校里限制上网

同时历史为证 政治策略往往会因为

担心无法实施而变得具有约束性

尽管成年人并未达到

这种极端政权的程度

但在制定规则时

孩子没有或只有很少的发言权

既然看法是相互的

那么成年人应该了解

并考虑年轻人想要的究竟是什么

但现在 比限制更糟糕的是

成年人常常低估孩子们的能力

我们喜欢挑战

但他人给予的期望值很低的时候

相信我 我们的意志会消沉

我父母对我和姐姐

不会期望值过低

他们没有让我们从事

医生或者是律师 这些行业

但当我爸爸为我们读

关于亚里士多德的著作和《细菌斗士》的时候 其他的孩子也许还听着

《车轮转啊转》的童谣

我们当然也听过这个

但《细菌斗士》要好看的多

（注：2分28秒——5分13秒，作为第二个短视频）

我从四岁时开始爱上了写作

当我还是六岁的时候

妈妈帮我买了笔记本电脑

配有微软文字处理软件

谢谢比尔盖茨 谢谢妈妈

我在那台电脑上

写了三百多个小故事

我当时还想将它们出版

我的父母非但没有嘲笑

这个怪诞的想法

又或者说 等你长大以后再这么做

相反 他们十分支持我

但许多出版社可不这么给面子

一家大的儿童读物出版商讽刺地说

他们不为儿童作者出书

儿童出版商不与儿童作家共事

我不太明白

你们可是孤立了一个很大的客户群体啊

然而有一家出版商 Action出版公司

愿意做出突破并信任我

聆听我的想法

他们出版了我的第一本书

《飞舞的手指》就在大屏幕上

从那以后

这本书被上百所学校借鉴

作为上千教育家的教育方针

最终 今天很荣幸能在这演讲

我十分感谢各位今天到场聆听

因为这表明各位是真的关心孩子

聆听孩子心声

但是 如果孩子比成年人好那么多

这便又成了一个问题

当孩子们长大后 就变成了成年人 但真的像吗

我们的目标

不是让孩子变为像你们一样的成年人 而是比你们这代更强的

这可能会具有挑战性

考虑到在座各位的资历

但是发展与进步就是这样发生的 因为长江后浪推前浪

一浪更比一浪强

正是如此

我们现在的社会是文明和发达的 无论你们在生活中扮演什么角色

为孩子们创造条件与机遇 都是无可或缺的 这样我们长大以后就可以超越你们 在座的成年人和TED的观众们

你们需要倾听孩子 并向孩子学习 信任我们 并对我们抱有个更高的期望 你得听听我们的想法

因为我们是未来的领袖

也就意味着我们会照顾你们

不然你们老了咋办

我只是开玩笑的

我们是灿烂美好的下一代

我们将推动这个世界进步

如果万一你们觉得

你们没有从中受益

想想克隆技术

能让你们返老还童

你也会希望自己的意见被长辈们倾听 就像我们现在一样

总而言之 这个世界需要

新的领袖 新的想法

孩子需要机会来引领世界并获得成功 你们是否准备好促成这一切了呢 因为这个世界的各种问题

不该是人类留给后代的唯一遗产 谢谢 谢谢 谢谢

第二篇：邹奇奇-TED 大人能从小孩身上学什么(文本)

What adults can learn from kids

Now, I want to start with a question, when was the last time you were called childish? For kids like me, being called childish can be a frequent occurrence. Every time we make irrational demands, exhibit irresponsible behavior, or display any other signs of being normal Americancitizens, we are called childish. Which really bothers me. Afterall, take a look at these events: imperialism and colonization, worldwars, George W. Bush, ask yourself: who is responsible? Adults.

Now, what have kids done? Well, Anne Frank touched millions with her powerful account of the Holocaust, Ruby Bridges helped end segregation in the United States, and most recently, Charlie Simpson helped to raise 120,000 pounds for Haiti on his little bike. So, as you can see evidenced by such examples, age has absolutely nothing to do with it. The traits the word, childish addresses are seen so often in adults that we should abolish this age-discriminatory wordwhen it comes to criticizing behavior associated with irresponsibility and irrational thinking.

Then again, who’s to say that certain types of irrational thinking aren’t exactly what the world needs? Maybe you have had grand plans before, but stopped yourself, thinking: that’s impossible or that costs too much or that won’t benefit me. For better or worse, we kids aren’t hampered as much when it comes to thinking about reasons why not to do things. Kids can be full of inspiring aspirations and hopeful thinking, like my wish that no one went hungry or that everything were free kind of Utopia. How many of you still dream like that and believe in the possibilities? Sometimes a knowledge of history and the past failure of Utopia ideals can be a burden, because you know that if everything were free, that the food stocks would become depleted

and scarce and lead to chaos. On the other hand, we kids still dream about perfection, and that’s a good thing, because in order to make anything a reality, you have to dream about it first. In many ways, our audacity to imagine helps push the boundaries of possibility. For instance, the museum of Glass in Tacoma, Washington, my home state-yoo-hooWashington- has a program called Kids Design Glass, and kids draw their own ideas for glass art. Now the resident artist said they got some of their best ideas through the program because kids don’t think about the limitations of how hard it can be to blow glass into certain shapes. They just think of good ideas. Now when you think of glass, you might think of colorful Chihuly designs or maybe Italian vases. But kids challenge glass artists to go beyond that into the realm of broken-hearted snakes and bacon boys, who you can see has meat vision.

Now, our inherent wisdom doesn’t have to be insiders’knowledge. Kids already do a lot of learning from adults, and we have a lot to share. I think that adults should start learning from kids. Now, I do most of my speaking in front of an education crowd, teachers and students, and I like this analogy, it shouldn’t just be a teacher at the head of the classroom telling students do this, do that. The students should teach their teachers. Learning between grownups and kids should be reciprocal. The reality, unfortunately, is a little different, and it has a lot to do with trust, or a lack of it. Now, if you don’t trust someone, you place restrictions on them, right. If I doubt my older sister’s ability to pay back the 10 percent interest, I established on her last loan, I’m going to withhold her ability to get more money from me until she pays it back. True story, by the way.

Now, adults seem to have a prevalently restrictive attitude towards kids from

every “don’t do that, don’t do this” in the school handbook to restrictions on school internet use. As history points out, regimes become oppressive when they are fearful about keeping control. And, although adults may not be quite of the level of totalitarian regimes, kids have no or very little, say in making the rules, when really the attitude should be reciprocal, meaning that the adult population should learn and take into account the wishes of the younger population.

Now, what is even worse than restriction is that adults often underestimate kids abilities. We love challenges, but when expectations are low, trust me, we’ll sink to them. My own parents had anything but low expectations for me and my sister. Ok, so they didn’t tell us to become doctors or lawyers or anything like that, but my dad did read to us about Aristotle and “pioneer germ fighters” when lots of other kids were hearing “the wheels on the bus go round and round”. Well, we heard that one too, but “pioneer germ fighters” totally rules.

I love to write from the age of four, and when I was six, my mom bought me my own laptop equipped with Microsoft word. Thank you bill gates and thank you ma.I wrote over 300 short stories on that little laptop, and I wanted to get published. Instead of just scoffing at this heresy that a kid wanted to get published, or saying wait until you are older, my parents were really supportive. Many publishers were not quite so encouraging. One large of children’s publisher ironically saying that wedidn’t work with children.Children’s publisher not working with children?I don’t know, you are kind of alienating a large client there. Now, one publisher, Action Publishing was willing to take that leap and trust me and to listen to what I had to say, they published my first book, “Flying Fingers”, you see it here. And from there on, it

has gone to speaking at hundreds of schools keynoting to thousands of educators, and finally, today, speaking to you. I appreciate your attention today because to show that you truly care, you listen. But there is a problem with this rosy picture of kids being so much better than adults. Kids grow up and become adults just like you. Or just like you? Really?The goal is not to turn kids into your kind of adult, but rather better adults than you have been, which maybe a little challenging consideringyour guys credentials, but the way progress happens is because new generations and new eras grow and develop and become better than the previous ones. It’s the reason we are not in the Dark Ages anymore. No matter your position of place in life, it’s imperative to create opportunities for children so that we can grow up and blow you away.

Adults and TEDsters, you need to listen and learn from kids and trust us and expect more from us. You must lend an ear today, because we are the leaders of tomorrow, which means we are going to be taking care of you when you are old and senile. No, just kidding. No, really, we are going to be the next generation, the ones who will bring this world forward. And in case you don’t think that this really has meaning for you, remember that cloning is possible, that involves going through childhood again, in which case, you will want to be heard just like my generation. Now, the world needsopportunities for new leaders and new ideas. Kids need opportunities to lead and succeed. Are you ready to make the match? Because the world’s problems shouldn’t be the human family’s heirloom.