人们拍照片越多感受和体验就越少
一位心理学家指出,人们拍的照片越多,他们感受和体验的就越少,对拍照目标的细节也记得越模糊,她将其称为“拍照效应”。她说,在公园里给孩子拍照的那些家长,其实当时“更不关心”孩子,因为他们正在关心拍照这件事。结果,这些父母“失去了”拍照的那些时光。
Los Angeles blogger Rebecca Woolf uses her blog, as a window into her family's life. Naturally, it includes oodles(许多) of pictures of her four children. She says she's probably taken tens of thousands of photos since her oldest child was born. And she remembers the moment when it suddenly clicked -- if you will -- that she was too absorbed in digital documentation.
"I remember going to the park at one point, and looking around ... and seeing that everyone was on their phones ... not taking photographs, but just -- they had a device in their hands," she recalls.
"I was like, 'Oh, God, wait. Is this what it looks like?' " she says. "Even if it's just a camera, is this how people see me? ... Are [my kids] going to think of me as somebody who was behind a camera?"
Today, Woolf still takes plenty of pictures, but she tries to not let the camera get in the middle of a moment, she says.
Effect On Childhood Memory
With parents flooding their camera phones with hundreds of photos -- from loose teeth to hissy fits to each step in the potty training process -- how might the ubiquity of photos change childhood memories?
Maryanne Garry, a psychology professor at the Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, is trying to figure that out. For years, she's studied the effects of photography on our childhood memories.
"I think that the problem is that people are giving away being in the moment," she says.
Those parents at the park taking all those photos are actually paying less attention to the moment, she says, because they're focused on the act of taking the photo. "Then they've got a thousand photos, and then they just dump the photos somewhere and don't really look at them very much, 'cause it's too difficult to tag them and organize them," she says. "That seems to me to be a kind of loss." 1
第二篇:高考英语 考前突破阅读理解能力 文化教育 50岁以上的人最好每天能吃一个苹果素材
50岁以上的人最好每天能吃一个苹果
If everyone over the age of 50 ate an apple a day, 8,500 deaths from heart attacks and strokes could be avoided every year in the UK, say researchers.
英国研究人员称,如果国内超过50岁的人每天吃一个苹果,每年死于心脏病和中风的人将减少8500。
Apples would give a similar boost to cardiovascular health as medicines, such as statins(他汀类), yet carry none of the side-effects, the University of Oxford researchers say in the BMJ.
They base their assumptions on modelling, not direct scientific study.
Any fruit should work, but getting people to comply could be challenging. More than two-thirds of adults do not eat the recommended five portions of fruit and veg a day, population surveys suggest.
And although nine in 10 of us do manage to eat at least one portion a day, Dr Adam Briggs and colleagues, from the British Heart Foundation Health Promotion Research Group at Oxford University, say we would all benefit from eating more.
By their calculations, if adults of all ages could manage to eat an extra portion of fruit or veg a day, as many as 11,000 vascular deaths could be averted each year. The Victorian mantra of "an apple a day" to keep the doctor away is particularly important for the over-50s, who are at increased risk of vascular diseases, say the researchers.
They analysed the effect on the most common causes of vascular mortality - heart attacks and strokes - of prescribing either a statin a day, which lowers cholesterol, or an apple a day to people over 50. Assuming at least seven in every 10 complied with the advice, statin drugs could save 9,400 lives and an apple a day 8,500 lives a year, they calculate.
The data their work rests on comprises a large body of medical trials and observations involving hundreds of thousands of patients.
Dr Briggs said: "The Victorians had it about right when they came up with their brilliantly clear and simple public health advice, 'An apple a day keeps the doctor away'
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"It just shows how effective small changes in diet can be, and that both drugs and healthier living can make a real difference in preventing heart disease and stroke.
"While no-one currently prescribed statins should replace them for apples, we could all benefit from simply eating more fruit."
Dr Peter Coleman, of the Stroke Association, said everyone stood to benefit from eating a balanced diet.
"Apples have long been known as a natural source of antioxidants and chemical compounds called flavanoids, all of which are good for our health and wellbeing.
"This study shows that, as part of a healthy diet with plenty of fresh fruit and veg, a daily apple could help to reduce the risk of stroke and heart disease. "
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