z20xx春季八年级下册Unit4各知识点与总结

时间:2024.3.19

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

一、重点短语

1. have free time有空闲时间        2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛     4. after-school classes课外活动课

5. get into a fight with sb. 与某人吵架/打架

6. until midnight直到半夜          7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈

8. too many太多                   9. study too much学得过多

10. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠    11. write sb. a letter给某人写信

12. call sb. up打电话给某人         13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶

14. look through翻看               15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气

16. a big deal重要的事              17. work out成功地发展;解决

18. get on with 和睦相处;关系良:    19. fight a lot经常吵架/打架

20. hang over笼罩                  21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事

22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事         23. so that以便

24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事      25. all the time一直

26. in future今后                         27. make sb. angry使某人生气

28. worry about sth. 担心某事     29. copy one’ s homework 抄袭某人的作业

30. be oneself做自己                       31. family members

32. spend time alone独自消磨时光           33. give sb. pressure给某人施压

34. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架         35. compete with sb. 与某人竞争

36. free time activities业余活动          37. get better grades取得更好的成绩

38. give one’ s opinion 提出某人的观点     39. learn exam skills学习应试技巧

40. practice sports体育训练               41. cause stress造成压力

42. cut out删除

二、重点句型

1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.

   我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。

2. Why don't you forge t about it?你为什么不忘掉它呢?

3. Although she’s wrong , it 's not a big deal.

虽然她错了 ?但这并不是什么大事儿。

4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.

他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。

5. Maybe you could go to his house.也许你可以去他家。

6. I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him.

我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。

单元语法

一、情态动词should与could的用法

should的用法

should为情态动词,表示劝告、建议,意为“应该”,它和其他情态动词一样,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,其否定形式为shouldn’t。

Maybe she should say sorry to you.也许她应该跟你说声对不起。

could的用法

情态动词could既是can的过去式,表示过去的能力,又可以表示谨慎、客气的建议,后接动词原形,其否定形式为couldn’t。

My grandfather could drive well even at the age of eighty.

我的祖父甚至到了80岁任然能很好地驾车。

You could go out and buy her some medicine.  你可以出去给他买些药。

(    ) The girl_____ read before she went to school.

A. Could    B. Couldn’t    C. Should    D. May

二、状语从句

1. Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢?

【解析】Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢?

【2013天津4】35.— Why not go to Lao She Teahouse tonight?

                — ______.

    A. It doesn't matter   B. Thank you   C. Sorry to hear that  D. Sounds great

【2013广东广州4】25.—I feel really tired.

         —______

     A. Lucky you!               B. You’d better work harder.

   C. Congratulations!          D. Why not go and have a rest?

【2013四川凉山3】37. —It’s a nice day, isn’t it?

       —Yes.  ______ going hiking and relax ourselves?

     A. Why not    B. Why don’t    C. What about

【2013湖南益阳】You look too tired. Why not _____ a rest?

   A. Stop to have    B. to stop having    C. stop having

【解析1(1)too many + 复数名词许多  too many people

          (2)too much +不可数名词许多 too much homework

(3)much  too +形容词  …  much too cold

【2013山东德州1】— What’s the matter?

                  — I have a stomachache. Maybe I have eaten ___ tonight.

                A. too much   B. too many    C. much too

【解析2so  conj. 因此

       (表示因果关系,后面跟表示结果的句子,不与because同时使用)

【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴1】18. The shops were closed_______ I didn't get any milk.

    A. so               B. as               C. or                   D. but

3. My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.

  我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。

【解析】allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事

【拓展】allow  v 允许

allow doing sth 允许做某事       They don’t allow smoking.

allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.

be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事

①We don’t allow ___________(smoke) in the reading room.

②Our teacher allows us ____________(go) out for a walk.

③The boy should be allowed____(play) after supper.

【2013辽宁鞍山3】 25. —Can I smoke in the dining hall?

   —Sorry. It's not_________.

     A. promised      B. realized     C. allowed      D. reminded

4. What’s wrong? 怎么啦?

【解析】What’s wrong( with sb./ sth) (某人/物)怎么了?

【2013四川南充】— Mum , I’m not feeling well.

                 — Oh, dear! _____.

    A. What’s wrong    B. Not at all    C. All right.

8. You ____ call him up. 你____ 给他打电话。

【解析】call up (v + adv)    call on 拜访;号召

I call up my parents every Sunday.

9.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.

   哦,昨天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。

【解析1find sb. doing sth 发现某人正在做某事

Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class.

类似动词:hear,watch, see, feel

【贵州安顺】When I went into the room, I found ___ in bed.

        A. him lying    B. he lying   C. he lies  D. him was lying

【解析2look through 浏览

【2013四川泸州】9. Can you help me to _______ my dog when I leave for Hong

     Kong?

    A. look after        B. look for   C. look at             D. look through

【2013湖北十堰】30. Here is the book. First _________ it and then tell me what

     you think of it.

       A. look into         B. look through   C. look up           D. look after

10. Yes, but I’m still angry with her. 是的,但是我仍然很生她的气。

【解析】be angry with sb. 生某人的气

【拓展】angry adj. 生气的→ angrily adv. 生气地

(1)be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 对某人生气【with后接人】

(2)be angry at/about sth对某事感到生气at后接事】

(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气

【记】 My father was very __________(对……生气)his computer.

He hit the computer _______(angry)

(    ) — Why are you unhappy, Kate?

     — I didn’t finish my homework again. I’m afraid Miss Gao will be ___

       me.

     A. angry with    B. friendly to    C. proud of

(    ) I was very angry ____ myself ___ making such as a stupid mistakes.

     A. at; at        B. with; for     C. at; with    D. with; at

【2013枣庄】88. I got home for my birthday from my college on Friday evening.

       No one was

      at home, and Mom and Dad hadn’t left me a note. This made me

        _________. 

        A. surprised        B. happy      C. angry         D. excited  

【解析】leave v 遗忘,留下

【2012山东济宁】22.—Sorry, Mr. Green. I have ____ my homework at home.

—Never mind. But don't forger next time.

A. put     B. kept    C. left    D. remained

12. Hope things work out. 希望事情顺利解决。

【解析1hope v 希望 

hope to do sth     I hope to visit Guilin.

hope + that 从句(表示希望)  I hope that you’ll be better soon

 wish v 希望   wish to do sth     I wish to visit Guilin.

 wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.

wish +that 从句   表示愿望,从句用虚拟语气   I wish I were you.

【解析2work out 解决;成功地发展,后跟fine,well, badly等词,表明产生的结果如何。

work out  计算出(答案、数量、价格等) 制定出(计划等) 解决;找出…的答案

【2013四川遂宁3】30. The teachers encourage their students to ____ the problems by themselves, and in this way students can enjoy success.

    A. give up                 B. work out           C. look through

13.My problem is I can’t get on with my favorite.

   我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和睦相处。

【解析】get on with sb. 和某人和睦相处;和某人关系良好

       =get along with

        get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏

【2013山西1】26. A student in Fudan University was killed by his roommate just because of small things in daily life. It is important for students to learn how to ________ each other.

      A. get on with      B. come over to       C. stay away from

【2013湖北十堰】32. —What kind of persons do you prefer to make friends

     with?

   —I choose my friends on their characters and how we __________.

       A. get in              B. get up             C. get on             D. get off

14.When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.

    当他们争吵的时候,就像有一大团乌云笼罩在我们家。

【解析1argue 争吵

argument n 争论  have an argument with sb.与某人辩论

argue with sb. 与某人争吵

argue with sb. about sth 为某事与某人争吵

argue about sth 争论某事

argue against 争辩;反对 He argued against the plan

【2013辽宁锦州】11. —He looks unhappy today.   —Let’s          .

   A. cheer him up       B. help out him 

C. look him after      D. argue with him

 【解析2】 hang over  挂在......之上;悬浮在......之上

hang out 闲逛;常去某处

  hang on to 紧紧抓住

hang up 挂电话;悬挂

 【记】 My ______brother is 7 years older than my younger sister.

【2013南京2】 I’m surprised that John is only 25. I thought he was ________ , for he seems to be in his thirties.

A. old          B. older           C. young          D. younger

16.【解析】refuse =say no to  v拒绝

            refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事

①The boy refused __________(go) to see his father with us.

【2013浙江宁波】74. He invited her to his birthday party but she _______(拒绝).

17.【解析1 instead 代替,反而,替

          (1) instead  副词,代替,常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做,而做了后面的事情。

Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了,所以我去了。

 (2) instead of +n/doing 代替,而不是,放在句中

instead of 为介词短语,后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。

She wrote to him instead of calling him

.=She didn’t call him. She wrote to him instead.

她没有给他打电话,而是给他写了封信。

 (     ) Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit _____ rich food.

         A. instead   B. instead of   C. because of   D. because

【2011江苏徐州4】14. We’ve got no coffee. Let’s have tea _______.

    A. either           B. however               C. yet         D. instead

【2013江苏盐城】59.To keep fit, we should have more vegetables and fruit _________(代替) of too much meat.

【解析2  whatever = no matter what 任何,每一

【2013甘肃兰州】_________ happens, I won’t change my mind.(无论什么)

18.【解析】 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事

 (2)offer sb. sth= offer sth to sb. 主动提供给某人某物

【2013山东莱芜2】27. The little boy ________ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.

A. lent              B. offered      C. took                D. brought

19.【解析1secondly  adv.第二;其次

【解析2communicate v交流  communication n 交流;沟通  communicate with sb. 和某人交流

   (    ) They can’t understand each other so they have difficulty in _____.

      A. communicate    B. communicated    C. communicating

20【解析】explain 解释;说明 explanation n 解释;说明

explain sth to sb. 向某人解释某事。  explain to sb sth给某人解释某事

【江苏扬州】Mr. Wu always spends a lot of time __________(解释) things to us.

【2012浙江宁波】22. —Do you ________that Nancy has been a little too quiet

     these days?

—Yes. She didn't even say a word this afternoon.

A. hope      B. notice     C. explain      D. decide

【解析】return  v 归还=give back

return ... to ... = give back to ... ......还给......

v 回来;返回 = come back      

【2012浙江宁波】He borrowed my iphone 4 and didn’t ________(归还) it to me.

【解析】press v 按;压 →pressure压力

⑴不可数名词(物理学)压力

air pressure 气压  blood pressure 血压

⑵不可数名词 还可指精神上、外界施加的压力 = stress  

   under pressure 在压力下

【解析】compete v竞争;对抗  competition   n 竞争

compete with sb. 和某人竞争

compete against/ with ……竞争

compete for ……参加比赛

We are ready for the coming ________________(compete).

5. 【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes

【口诀】:分开是一段,   合起是某时;  分开s 是倍次,合起s是有时

(1) some time一段时间,做时间状语

It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间

(2) sometime adv 在某个时候,

(3) some times 名词词组,“几次,几倍

 (4)sometimes=at times 有时(一般现在时的标志词)

 (1) I’ll stay here for        

(2)Kate will be back         in February.
(3)Our school is           larger than theirs.

(4)Joan goes to school on foot,but          by bike.

【2013广西】At times an ad can lead you to buy something you don’t need at all. so you have to be careful.

   A. Sometime    B. Sometimes    C. Some time   D. Some times

7.The Taylors are a typical American family.

  泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家。

【解析1The Taylors 泰勒一家  在姓氏的复数前加冠词the表示“全家人或夫妻两人”,使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。

The Blacks are getting ready for the holiday.

【2012广东】____ Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.

           A. /    B.A     C. An    D. The

【解析】  be typical of “是……的特点”

8. 【解析】cut out 删除;删去 (v+adv) 

          cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到  cut in 插队  cut off 切断(水、电)供应

(    ) Don’t ___ when others talk; it’s impolite.

      A. cut out    B. cut in    C. cut down    D. cut off

9. I really want them to be successful. 我真的很想他们成功。

【解析】successful 成功的

【拓展】 succeed  v 成功,达到 success  n  成功successful  adj 成功的successfully adv成功地 

◆succeed in doing sth

【2013甘肃兰州】87. Details decide ______ (成功) or not. If we take everything

                    seriously, we’ll achieve our goals.

【2013贵州铜仁】85.—What’s the secret of your ________(success)?

                   —Work hard.

【2013四川凉山】85. After hundreds of experiments, Edison _______ (成功)

                   invented the light bulb.

【2013山东青岛3】12. It is ______ that Mr. Guo sailed across the world by

                   himself ______ within about 130 days

         A. terrified, successful                         B. scary, successfully

         C. amazing, successfully                        D. convincing, successful

10.【解析】It’s time for sth 是到做某事的时候了。It’s time for lunch.

        It’s time to do sth  It’s time to go to school.

(   ) It’s 9:30 pm., children! _____ is time to go to bed.

      A. That     B. It     C. This    D. They

【解析】continue 继续;持续

【拓展】continue doing sth =go on doing sth 继续做某事(前后做同一件事)

        continue to do sth = go on to do sth 继续做某事(前后不是同一件事)

①Let’s continue____________(read) the text.

②Many students hope to continue ________ (study) after _______(finish) school.

(  )③ The two teams continued _____ the game after half an hour.

A. play    B. to play    C. playing    D. played

12.【解析1send sent sent v 发送

 【短语】: send away 赶走  send for 派人去请

send off 寄出    send out 分发  send up 发射

send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物

 (    ) ① You fill in both parts of the form, then_____.

A. send up it   B. send for it  C. send it away  D. send it off

(    ) Please send  a photo of your family ____ me.

      A. for      B. at      C. to     D. with

【2011四川绵阳】15. ---- Drunken drive is dangerous, isn’t it?

   ---- Yeah. That why drunken drivers_____ to prison even without causing accidents.

  A. sent    B. are sent    C. send    D. are sending

【解析2】all kinds of 各种各样的

   【拓展】kind  (1) n 种类

kind of +adj.有点,有几分,kind of cold 有点冷

a kind of 一种的,某种的     all kinds of  各种各样的

different kinds of 不同种类的    What kind of…?那种

(2) adj. 友好的be kind to sb. = be good to sb.=be friendly to sb.  对某人友好

 (     ) ①This kind of skirt looks ___ and sells _____.

A. nice ; well   B. nice; good   C. well; well  D. good ;nice

(     ) ②—What ____ animals do you like?

— Monkeys. I think they’re _____ clever.

      A. kind of; kind of   B . a kind of ;a kind of 

 C. kind of; a kind  D. a kind of ; kind of

(    )③ — It’s going to rain. Let me fetch an umbrella for you.

      — Thank you ! You are so ____.

     A. lucky       B. kind      C. relaxed     D. Interesting

【2013浙江台州】17. —I want to see the movie Iron Man 3 (《钢铁3》). Do you

         know the ______ of the ticket?

            —Yes. Five dollars.

          A. number                   B. price                C. kind                D. name

13.【解析】have time to do sth 有时间做某事

(    ) Do you have time _____ this game with us?    A. to play    B. play    C. playing    D. played

【解析】compare A with B AB 比较

   (1)compare…with…  ………..做比较

   (2) compare…to… …..比做……

(  ) ①. People often compare a teacher        a candle.

       A. to      B.  into      C.  as       D. with              

【2011四川广元】— Why are most children under too much pressure ?

       — Because their parents always compare them ___ others.

      A. With     B. by      C. to 

15.【拓展】good ( better ; best) adj. 好的 → goodness n 好处;善行 ;美德

  be good for ….有益处(反) be bad for有害处

be good at +n/doing=do well in +n/doing 擅长于做某事

be good to sb. =be kind to =be friendly to sb.对某人友好

【记】The boy is good ______me .He is good ______English , and he tells me oral practice is good ______improve spoken English.

【湖北咸宁】 — I think drinking milk every morning is good ____ our health.

                 — Yes, I agree _____ you.

      A. to; to       B. with; to     C. at; with     D. for; with

【山东临沂】English is my favorite subjiect , and I am good ___ it.

      A. for      B. to       C. at       D. of

【解析2development 发展

【2012江苏泰州】Good habits are good for the ___________(develop) of us teenagers.

16.【解析】 cause  v. 造成,使发生

(1) cause sb. to do sth 使某人做某事

(2) cause sb. for sb. 给某人添麻烦

(     ) ①She always ___ trouble ___ people.

    A. cause; to   B. cause ; for   C. causing; to  D. causing; for

(   ) ②Every year driving after drinking wine ____ a lot of traffic

    accidents.

        A. happens    B. provides    C. causes

【拓展】 cause, reason, excuse辨析

cause n.原因,指引起某种结果的“原因”,后接介词of.

reason  n.理由,原因,指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由。

excuse  n.辩解,借口,指对某种行为所做的解释,可以是真的,也可以是托词。

(    ) What ___ the flowers to die?

      A. made    B. had     C. caused    D .get

17【解析】in one’s opinion 以某人的观点; 在某人看来

19. 【解析】crazy. adj.  不理智的;疯狂的 (在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语)

       be crazy about 对……着迷;热衷于……

      I’m crazy about football.

20.【解析】It’s + adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary) +(for sb.) to do sth

【注】若形容词表示事物特征的,如:easy ,difficult, hard ,important等,

须用介词for 【形容物,用for】

 It’s +adj( kind, honest, friendly, )+(of sb) to do sth.

【注】 若形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点,如:good ,kind ,nice, wrong等,用介词of。【形容人用of】

【2012山东东营】It’s very convenient ___ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet.

    A. to    B. of    C. by   D. for

 (  )③ It’s very nice ____ you to help me a lot.

A. for   B. of   C. in   D. on

(  ) ④ –It’s very ___ of you to work out the problem for me.

   A. kind   B. polite   C. clever  D. easy

21. keep on happening 持续发生

【解析】keep on doing 继续做某事

        keep sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事     keep up with 跟上

keep sb. from doing sth阻止某人做某事   keep away from避开

Mr. Li kept _________(work) here for nearly 30 years.

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