[下载破80000]初中英语语法总结+初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习_+中考英语易错题

时间:2024.3.27

[短语、词组归纳]

由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理:

一、动词+介词

1.look at…看…, look like … 看上去像……, look after …照料…

2.listen to…听……

3.welcome to…欢迎到……

4.say hello to …向……问好

5.speak to…对……说话

此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。

二、动词+副词

“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类:

A.动词(vt.)+副词

1.put on 穿上 2.take off脱下 3.write down记下

此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。

B.动词(vi)+副词。

1.come on赶快 2.get up起床 3.go home回家

4.come in进来 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up起立

此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。

三、其它类动词词组

1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class

4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper

7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games

10. play games

[介词短语聚焦]

“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。

1.in+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着……。

2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。

3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。

4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。

5.in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。

6.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall表示“在墙上(指墙的表面)”。

7.at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无the。

8.at + 时刻表示钟点。

9.like this/that表示方式,意为“像……这/那样”。

10.of短语表示所属关系。

11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等,表示方位、处所。

12.from与to多表示方向,前者意为“从……”,后者意为“到……”。

另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。

[重点句型大回放]

1.I think…意为“我认为……”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…,

2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”,动词give之后可接双宾语,可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用give it/ them to sb.

3.take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”,后常接地点,也可接人。

4.One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……;另一个是……”,必须是两者中。

5.Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带to的动词不定式,其否定式为Don’t let sb,do sth.,或Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同,前者包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内,

6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,前者用不定式作宾补,后者用介词短语作宾补,二者可以互换.

7.What about…?/How about…?意为“……怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词,其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。

8.It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”,其中to后须接原形动词,for后可接名词或V-ing形式。

9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”, 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作,

10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”,其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式,

11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”,该句型的用法同前面第2点。

12.introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。

[重点短语快速复习]

1.kinds of 各种各样的

2. either…or…或者……或者……,不是……就是……

3. neither…nor…既不……也不……

4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶

5. take a seat 就坐

6. home cooking 家常做法

7. be famous for 因……而著名

8. on ones way to在……途中

9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院

10. at the end of在……的尽头,在……的末尾

11. wait for 等待

12. in time 及时

13. make one’s way to…往……(艰难地)走去

14. just then 正在那时

15. first of all 首先,第一

16. go wrong 走错路

17. be/get lost 迷路

18. make a noise 吵闹,喧哗

19. get on 上车

20. get off 下车

21. stand in line 站队

22. waiting room 候诊室,候车室

23. at the head of……在……的前头

24. laugh at 嘲笑

25. throw about 乱丢,抛散

26. in fact 实际上

27. at midnight 在半夜

28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快

29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架

30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温

31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛

32. have a headache 头痛

33. as soon as… 一……就……

34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事

35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事

36. fall asleep 入睡

37. again and again再三地,反复地

38. wake up 醒来,叫醒

39. instead of 代替

40. look over 检查

41. take exercise运动

42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事

43. at the weekend 在周末

44. on time 按时

45. out of从……向外

46. all by oneself 独立,单独

47. lots of=a lot of 许多

48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再

49. get back 回来,取回

50. sooner or later迟早

51. run away 逃跑

52. eat up 吃光,吃完

53. run after 追赶

54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物

55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) (好好)照顾,照料

56. think of 考虑到,想起

57. keep a diary 坚持写日记

58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下

59. harder and harder 越来越厉害

60. turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气等)

61. turn off 关

[重温重点句型]

1.So + be/助动词/情牵动词/主语.

前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用到这种倒装结构,表示“另一人(物)也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用“Neither/ Nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语.”这种倒装结构。 注意:“So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词.”这一句型常用于表示赞同,进一步肯定对方的看法,表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”

2.Turn right/left at the first/second/…crossing.

这一指路的句型意为“在第一/二/……个十字路口向右/左拐。”相当于Take the first /second/…turning on theright/left.

3.It takes sb.some time to do sth.

此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的主语.

4.…think/find + it + adj. + to do sth.

此句型中的it是形式宾语,不可用其它代词替代,形容词作宾语的补足语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的宾语。

5.What’s wrong with…?

此句型相当于What’s the matter/ trouble with…?后跟某物作宾语时,意为“某物出什么毛病了?”后跟某人作宾语时,意为“某人怎么了?”

6.too…to…

在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是否定句时,常与简单句too…to…(太……而不能……)进行句型转换。

在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是肯定句时,常与简单句…enough to…进行句型转换.

7.Sorry to hear that.

全句应为I’m sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过(遗憾)。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。

[重点句型、词组大盘点]

1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。

[用法] used to + 动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。

[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do.

[比较] used to do sth. 过去常做某事;be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。

2.…return it sooner or later.

……迟早要将它归还。

[用法] l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。

2)return此处用作及物动词,意为“归还”,相当于give back.

[拓展]return还可用作不及物动词,意为“返回”,相当于go back或come back。

3.No matter what the weather is like…无论天气……

[用法]no matter what 相当于whatever,其意为“无论什么”,引导状语从句。

[拓展]类似no matter what的表达方式还有:

no matter when无论什么时候

nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where无论什么地方

no matter who无论谁

no matter how 无论怎么样

4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.

一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。

[用法]practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习(做)某事”。

[拓展]practice名词,“实践”、“实施”、“练习”;put a plan into practice实行某计划。

5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.

他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。

[用法]1)encourage用作动词,意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。

2)take part in“参加”,常表示参加活动。

3)protect 是动词,表示“防御”、“保护”。

[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人

nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事

2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害

6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. ……警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。

[用法] warn用作动词,意思是“警告”、“警戒”。

[搭配]1)warn sb.+ that从句

2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事

3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事

4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事

重点句型、词组大盘点 1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。 [ 用法 ] used to + 动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。 [ 搭配 ] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do. [ 比较 ] used to do sth. 过去常做某事;be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。 ……

短语总结

1. It’s time for sth. 该到做某事的时间了.

It’s time to do sth.(It’s time for sb. to do sth) 该到(某人)做某事的时间了.

2. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要求做某事.

3. ask (tell)sb. (not )to do sth . 请(告诉)某人(不)做某事.

4. make/let sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事.

5. hear/see/sb. do sth 听见/看见某人做某事.

6. had better(not )do sth 最好不做某事.

7. It’s better to do sth最好做某事

8. It’s best to do sth最好做某事

9. enjoy 喜欢做某事

10. finish 结束做某事

11. keep 继续做某事

12. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事

13. carry on 继续做某事

14. go on 继续做某事

15. feel like 喜欢做某事

16. stop to do sth 与stop doing sth 停下来去做某事(与)停止做某事.

17. forget/remember to do 与 forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记得去做某事(与) 忘记/记得曾经做过事.

18. keep(precent,stop)sb. from doing sth阻止/防止/阻栏栽人做某事

19. prefer….to ……喜欢…..胜过……

20. prefer to do sth. rather than do ath.宁愿做某事,而不原做某事.

21. used to do sth.过去常常做某事.

22. What’s wong with……? …..出了问题(事)?

23. have nothing to do with….. 与…..无关

24. be busy doing sth . 在忙于做某事

25. too…..to….. 太……以致知于不……

26. so ……that ….. 如此….. 以致知于不……

27. such…..that…… 如此….. 以致知于不……

28. It take sb. some time to do sth .某人做某事用了一些时间.

29. spend …..on sth.(doing sth.)花钱/时间做某事.

30. pay…..for sth.花费(钱)买某物.

31. What /how about……? …….怎么样(好吗)?

32. would like to do sth .想要/愿意做某事..

33. I don’t think that我认为……不…..

34. Why not do sth.? Why don’t you do sth .?为什么不做某事呢?

35. What do you mean by….?你….是什么意思?

36. What do you think of …..(How do you like ….)你认为….怎么样?

37. Mike enjoys collecting stamps . So do I.迈克喜欢集邮.我也也喜欢.

38. The more, the better . 越多越剧好.

39. Thanks for doing sth.谢谢你做了某事.

40. It is said that….. 据说……

2. 315

3. 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+ do eg :I like watching monkeys jump

2 (比较级 and 比较级) 表示越来越怎么样

3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)

4 agree with sb 赞成某人

5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样

6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界

7 along with 同……一道,伴随……

eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去

the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树

8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样

9 as you can see 你是知道的

10 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book

11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么

12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事

13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen

14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始

15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day

16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候

17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心,自信

eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test

18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时

19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing

21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么

eg: I'm allowed to watch 我被允许看电视

I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视

23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me

24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气

25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高

26 be ashamed to

27 be away from 远离

28 be away from 从……离开

29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好

30 be born 出生于

31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……

32 be careful 当心;小心

33 be different from…… 和什么不一样

34 be famous for 以……著名

35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好

36 be from = come from 来自

eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water

38 be glad+to+do/从句

39 be going to + v(原) 将来时

40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……

41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English

42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事

43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处

Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处

44 be in good health 身体健康

45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble

46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

47 be late for = come late to 迟到   eg: Be late for class 上课迟到

48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother

49 be mad at 生某人的气

50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)

51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)

52 be not sure 表不确定

53 be on a visit to 参观

54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎

55 be quiet 安静

56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

57 be sick in bed 生病在床

58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you

59 be sorry to hear that

60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you

61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles

62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格

63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格

64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么

65 be sure 表确定

66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well

67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑(老师) 68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试 69 be sure to do sth 一定会做某事

eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语

70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……

71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事

72 be the same as … 和什么一样

73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事

eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早起 He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉

He is used to working hard He is used to hard work 他习惯努力工作

74 be worth doing 值得做什么

75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句 76 because+句子 because of +短语

eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache

77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么

eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home

78 between…and… 两者之间

79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西

eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen

80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同

81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth

eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station

我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了

He's bothering me to lend him money

82 by the end of 到……为止

83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang

84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来

85 catch up with sb 赶上某人

86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地

87 come in 进来

88 come over to 过来

89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗?

90 communicate with sb 和某人交流

91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州? 92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞

93 decide to do sth 决定做某事

94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查

95 do better in 在……方面做得更好

96 do wrong 做错

97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事

98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意……

99 each +名(单)每一个…… eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书

100 end up +doing

101 enjoy +doing 喜欢

102 escape from 从……逃跑

eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison 犯人从监狱里逃跑出来

Some gas is escaping from the pipe 有一些气体从管子里冒出

103 expect to do sth 期待做某事

104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来

105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么

106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home

107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样

108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样? eg : I find the book interesting

109 finish 完成+doing(名词)

110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人

111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door

112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her

113 get /have sth down 做完,被(别人)做……

eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了)

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了(被牙医拔掉了)

114 get a part-time job = find a part-time job

115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好

116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处

117 get ready for = be ready for 为什么而准备 eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻烦

119 get sb to do sth

120 get…from… 从某处得到某物

121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall

122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物

123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳

124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事

125 go out away from go out of

126 go to school 上学(用于专业的) go to the school 去学校(不一定是上学)

127 good way to 好方法

128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事

129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会

130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈

131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since 132 have been to …( 地方)……去过某过地方 have gone to …(地方) 去了某地还没回来 133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴

134 have sth to do 有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做

I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做

135 have to do sth 必须做某事

136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦

137 have…time +doing

138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假

139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事

140 help a lot 很大用处

141 help sb with sth one's sth 帮助某人某事(某方面) help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

142 hope to do sth 希望做某事

143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)

144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法

145 if : 是否=wether

eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会

He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达

146 if :如果?!-- 24en.com 中国英语学习网,中国英语第一门户 24en.com -->

偃纾ㄈ拷右话闶碧跫锾泳?amp;nbsp;

eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去泸州

If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划,他们会让我知道的 I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱,我就要去英国 147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为

148 in some ways 在某些方面

149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后

150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 (north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 )

151 in the sun 在太阳下

152 increase 增加

eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%

the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now

153 instead of +(名 ) 代替

eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果,而不要梨子

I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学

154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍

155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook

157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样

158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样

159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样

160 It's +adj(for sb) to do(对某人来说) 做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样

eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English

161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意

162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important to me

163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间

eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了

164 join = take part in 参加

165 just now 刚才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样?

167 keep out 不让 …… 进入

168 keep sb adj 让……保持…… eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康 169 key to +名词 表示:某物的钥匙或某题的答案

170 key to… anser to … key 可以是答题或钥匙

171 laugh at… 取笑…… eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke

172 learn by oneslfe 自学

173 learn from sb 向某人学习 eg: We should learn from Lei Feng

174 learn to do sth 学做某事

175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事

176 Let sb down 让某人失望 eg : We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望 177 live from :离某地远

178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan

179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看

180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路

181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事

182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you

183 make it early 把时间定的早一点

184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么样 eg : You must made your bed clean

187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样

188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 eg : I made him write

我以前让他写

189 make up be made up of (被动语态)由……组成

190 make…difference to…

191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么

192 most +名 most of +代

193 much too +形容词

194 must be 一定

195 need +名词

196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事

197 need to do (实义动词) need do (情态动词)

198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing

199 no +名词

200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭 201 not… (形 、副)at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all

202 not…at all 一点都不

203 not…either 表否定,也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐 204 not…until 直到……才……

eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供

206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提

供水

207 on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上

208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面

209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈

210 on time 准时 in time 及时

211 one day =some day =someday 一天,有一天

212 one of +可数名词的复数形式

213 one to another 一个到另一个

214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin

215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作

216 pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱 ,付钱

217 please +do

218 please help yourself

219 pleased with sb

220 pool into = pore into

221 practice +doing 练习做某事

222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢…… eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中,我更喜欢物理

prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车,不开小车

prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿

eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车,也不去修旧车

prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来

223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句

eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作

He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案

224 rather…than 宁可……也不…… eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生,也不当老师

He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗,不喜欢猫

225 regard…as 把……当作……

eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候

I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友

He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人

226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事

eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭

227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么

eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校

the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother

228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人

229 say to oneself 对自己说

230 say to sb 对某人说

231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上

232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁

233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事

234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are

235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事

236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy

237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物

238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去?

239 shock 使……震惊 eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊,是你呀!吓我一跳

240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.

241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me 242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.

243 some…others… 一些……另一些……

244 start…with… 从……开始 begin…with… 从……开始

245 stay away from 远离……

eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时,我们要远离动物 If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥,你最好远离甜食 246 stop doing 停下正在做的事

247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事

248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事

249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事

250 such +名 这样 ,这种

251 suit sb 适合某人

252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇 to one's surprise 令某人惊奇

253 take classes 上课

254 take sb to 把某人带去 eg : I take you to the hospital

255 take walks = take a walk = go for a walk 散步

256 ①talk to 对谁说 eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him

③ talk of 谈到 eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 谈论关于……

257 talk with sb 和某人说话

258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事

259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事

260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story

261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事

262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么

263 tell…from…

264 thank you for +doing

265 the same +名词(doing)+as……

266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同

267 the way to do sth = the way of doing sth 做某方面 的方法 the way to +地方 去哪的路 e g : Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English 268 the way to…(地点) 到哪的路

269 too…to… 太怎样而不能…… adj +enough to 足够…能… so…that +丛句 太… 所以… eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to school

He is old enough to go to school = He is so old that he can go to school

270 transalte ……into…… 把什么翻译成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese

271 travel with sb 和某人去旅游

272 try one's best to do sth 尽某人最大的努力去做某事 eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么,但没成功 try doing sth 想干什么,已经做过了

eg :He tried to climb 他想爬上去,但没成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去

274 try…试衣服 have a try 试一下

275 turn down 开小 ←→ turn up 开大

276 turn off 关上 ←→ turn on 打开 open 拆开

277 upside down 倒着

278 visit to… 参观某个地方

279 wait for sb 等某人

280 wait for sb to do sth 等某人做什么 wait for sb 等某人 wait for sometime 等多少时间 eg : Would you please wait for me to get ready 等我准备好,好吗?

Let's wait for the rain to stop 让我们等雨停吧

281 wake sb up 把某人叫醒

282 want to do sth 想做某事

283 watch sb do sth 观看某人做某事

284 welcome to +…(地方) 欢迎到……

285 what about +n /doing eg : what about an apple

286 what if 如果……怎么办 What if +句子

eg : What if it is true ? 如果是真的怎么办?

What if aliens should come to the earth 假如外星人来到地球怎么办?

287 what they will do = what to do

288 What's the matter ? = What's the trouble ? = What's wrong ? 有什么困难?

289 while +延续性动词

290 why don't you do = why not do

291 will you please do will you please not do

292 with one's best = with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下

293 with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下 with one's help

294 work at…在某处工作

295 work with sb 和某人一起工作

296 would like sth /to do sth eg : I would like to go to LuZhou

297 would you please +do

298 yet :至今 ,用在否定句中

299 you'd better do 最好做某事 = you'd better not do 最好不要做某事

300 不定式 +v(原)

301 联系动词(taste吃起来/sound听起来/look看起来/semll闻起来)+adj

302 名词、副词、 形容词修饰 enongh 时, 形容词放在之前 , 名词 副词放在之后

303 太多 too much +不可数 too many +可数 much too 相当于 very ,修饰形容词 304 向宾语提问:Whom

305 向地点提问:Where

306 向方式提问:How

307 向价格和不可数名词提问:How much

308 向可数名词提问:How many

309 向频率提问: How often

310 向时间段提问:How long

311 向时间提问:what time/when

312 向物主代词提问:Whose

313 向职业提问:what do/does……do

314 向主语提问: Who

初一年级(上)

【知识梳理】

I. 重点短语

1. Sit down

2. on duty

3. in English

4. have a seat

5. at home

6. look like

7. look at

8. have a look

9. come on

10. at work

11. at school

12. put on

13. look after

14. get up

15. go shopping

II. 重要句型

1. help sb. do sth.

2. What about…?

3. Let?s do sth.

4. It?s time to do sth.

5. It?s time for …

6. What?s…? It is…/ It?s…

7. Where is…? It?s….

8. How old are you? I?m….

9. What class are you in? I?m in….

10. Welcome to….

11. What?s …plus…? It?s….

12. I think…

13. Who?s this? This is….

14. What can you see? I can see….

15. There is (are) ….

16. What colour is it (are they)? It?s (They?re)…

17. Whose …is this? It?s….

18. What time is it? It?s….

III. 交际用语

1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….

2. Hello! Hi!

3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.

4. How are you? I?m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?

5. See you. See you later.

6. Thank you! You?re welcome.

7. Goodbye! Bye!

8. What?s your name? My name is ….

9. Here you are. This way, please.

10. Who?s on duty today?

11. Let?s do.

12. Let me see.

IV. 重要语法

1. 动词be的用法;

2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;

3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法;

4. 冠词的基本用法;

5. There be句型的用法。

【名师讲解】

1. in/on

在表示空间位置时,in表示在某个空间的范围以内,on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如:

There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。

There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。

2. this/that/these/those

(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事,these是this的复数形式。that

常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事,those时that的复数形式。例如:

You look in this box and I?ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子,我去看那边的那

个盒子。

I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车,不是那一辆。

Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。

This is mine; that?s yours. 这个是我的,那个是你的。

These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果,那些是橘子。

(2)在打电话的用语中,this常常指的是我,that常常指的是对方。例如:

This is Mary speaking. Who?s that? 我是玛丽。你是谁?

3. There be/ have

There be "有",其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是:There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are。例如:

(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。

(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。

(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。

总之,There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有,占有,具有",即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。例如:

(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟,一个姐姐。

(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。

4. look/ see/ watch

(1)look 表示“看、瞧”,着重指认真看,强调看的动作,表示有意识地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒对方注意。,如:

Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧!孩子们在玩电脑游戏。

Look! What?s that over there? 看!那边那个是什么?

单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,其后接介词at,才能带宾语,如: He?s looking at me。他正在看着我。

(2)see强调“看”的结果,着重的是look这个动作的结果,意思是“看到”,see是及物动词,后面能直接跟宾语。如:

What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么?

Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板!你看到了什么?

(3)watch“观看,注视”,侧重于场面,表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动,强调过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如:

Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。

4. put on/ / in

put on意为“穿上,戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。 in 是介词,表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如:

It?s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷,穿上你的外衣。

He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子,走了出去。

The woman in a white blouse is John?s mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。

5. house/ home/family

house :“房子”,指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”,指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“,“家庭成员”。例如:

Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。

He is not at home. 他不在家。

My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。

6. fine, nice, good, well

四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意,但前三者既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于:

(1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细",形容人时表示的是"身体健康",也

可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如:

Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。

That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器。

It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。

(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表,有"美好","漂亮"的意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如:

Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。

These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。

Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。

It's very nice of you. 你真好。

(3)good形容人时指"品德好",形容物时指"质量好",是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如:

Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。

The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。

(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好",但不能作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如:

I'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好,谢谢。

My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。

【考点扫描】

中考考点在本单元主要集中在:

1. 动词be的用法;

2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;

3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法;

4. 冠词的基本用法;

5. There be句型的用法。

6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;

7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。

考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。

【中考范例】

1. (20xx年北京市中考试题)

Mary, please show ________ your picture.

A. my B. mine C. I D. me

【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。本题中动词show后面跟双宾语,空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me作宾语。

2. (20xx年上海市徐汇区中考试题)

_________ orange on the desk is for you, Mike.

A. A B.An C. / D. The

【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是冠词的基本用法。因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子,所以用定冠词the。

3. (20xx年哈尔滨市中考试题)

---What _______ the number of the girls in your class?

---About twenty.

A. is B. am C. are D. be

【解析】答案:A。该题考查的是动词be的用法和主谓一致。the number作主语,应该是单数第三人称,动词be变为is。

4. (20xx年陕西省中考试题)

There _______ a football match on TV this evening.

A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have

【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是There be…句型和动词have用法区别。There be句型本身就表示“在某个地方存在某个人或物”,不能和动词have混在一起用。

【满分演练】

一. 单项填空

1. ---What colour is the bike?

---It?s _______ orange.

A. an B. a C. / D. the

2. That isn?t her bag. It?s ________.

A. my B. I C. mine D. me

3. ---Oh, your kite is very nice.

---__________________.

A. That?s right B. No, it?s not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you

4. The woman is sixty, but she _______ young.

A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches

5. It?s time ________ lunch. Let?s go home.

A. to B. in C. for D. on

6. ---________ is your coat?

---The black one.

A. What B. Where C. Which D. How

7. ---________ is the toy?

---It?s on the bed.

A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose

8. The shoes are too old. Put ________ over there.

A. it B. they C. their D. them

9. Excuse me. Can you _______ my watch, please?

A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at

10. Look _______ the blackboard and listen _______ the teacher.

A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after

11. ---Whose dress is this?

---It?s _________.

A. Lucy B. Lucy?s C. Jim D. Jim?s

12. The girl ______ the purple coat is his sister.

A. at B. in C. on D. with

13. There is a bird ______ the tree.

A. in B. on C. to D. of

14. There are many ________ in our school.

A. woman teachers B. woman teacher

C. women teacher D. women teachers

15. ---Is there a ball under the desk?

---______________________.

A. Yes, it is B. Yes, there?s

C. No, there isn?t D. No, there is

16. There _______ some books and a pencil on the desk.

A. am B. is C. are D. be

17. ---Let me help you.

---_______________.

A. You?re welcome B. Thanks very much

C. Don?t worry D. Yes, thanks

18. ______ old man is ______ English teacher.

A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a

19. ---What _____ five plus six?

---It?s eleven.

A. am B. is C. are D. /

20. ---What ______ you see in the picture?

---I can see some flowers.

A. must B. can C. are D. do

二. 完形填空

This is a picture of Kat?s ____1____. What can we ____2_____ in the picture? Look ____3____ it, please. The man ____4____ the black coat is Kate?s father, Mr. Green. The ____5____ in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They ____6____ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is Kate?s ____7_____, Jim. ___8____ the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, he?s ____9___ brother, Mr. Read. He ____10____ young, too.

1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers

2. A. look B. do C. see D.put

3. A. at B. after C. for D. up

4. A. on B. of C. in D. to

5. A. man B. girl C. women D. woman

6. A. are B. is C. look like D. looking

7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt

8. A. What?s B. Where?s C. Who?s D. How is

9. A. his B. her C. our D. their

10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very

三. 在B栏中找出A栏英语句子的正确答语

(A) (B)

1. How are you? A. I am in Row 6.

2. Can you spell it, please? B. Fine, thank you.

3. How do you do? C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book.

4. What row are you in? D. It is ten.

5. What?s two plus eight? E. Nice to meet you, too.

6. Nice to meet you. F. I am 14.

7. How old are you? G. Wang Ping is.

8. Who?s not here? H. It?s here.

9. Where is the bag? I. It?s a book.

10. What is this in English? J. How do you do?

四. 完成对话:在对话后面的句子中选出正确的填入空白处

Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours?

Ann: Let me have a look.________1_______. I think it?s Sam?s. My dog is brown.

Jim: Sam, look at the dog behind the tree.________2__________?

Sam: Sorry, it isn?t mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Mary?s.

Jim: _____________3______________?

Sam: She?s my friend. Look! She?s over there. Let?s go and ask her.

Jim: _______________4_______________.

Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?

Mary: _______________5_______________.

Sam: It?s a lovely dog! Don?t lose it!

Mary: Yes, thank you.

A. Who?s Mary

B. OK, let?s go

C. Oh, no it?s not mine

D. Oh, yes. It?s mine

E. Is it yours

五. 用所给单词的适当形式填空

1. ________ (He) pen is in ______ (I) pencil-box.

2. ________ (You) shoes ________ (be) under the bed.

3. ________ (Who) new ruler is this?

4. ---Are these trousers _______ (you)?

---No, they aren?t ________ (we)

5. It?s time ________ (go) and play games.

6. This is my pen. Please give it to ________ (I).

7. I have two ________ (baby).

8. Look! That is a ________ (China) car.

9. It is __________ (my teacher) sweater.

10. Now her ________ ( parent) are in America.

六. 阅读理解

(A)

Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six. He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a friendly relationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes.

根据短文的内容,判断下列句子的正误:正确地答“A”,错误的答“B”。

1. Bob was born in a small and rich family.

2. He has two brothers and a sister.

3. There are five people in his family.

4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school.

5. “He is an apple in their eyes” means “They love him very much”.

(B)

Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom. There are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily's. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's.

1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can see __________.

A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed

2. What colour are Lucy's trousers? They are ________.

A. green B. black C. brown

3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's on _________.

A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C. lily's bed

4. How many beds are there in the room? ________.

A. only one B. three C. two

5. Are there any things on Lily's bed? ________.

A. Yes, there is a hat on it

B. No, there is not anything on it

C. Sorry, I don't know

(C)

It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There are many people in it. Some of them come from America, and some come from England and Canada. They are all their friends. They are going to the Great Wall.

There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about the Great Wall. The other people are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to see it very much.

1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall __________.

A. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by bus

2. There are __________.

A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only two Chinese in the bus

C. only two Chinese on the bike D. only one Chinese in the car

3. The driver is __________.

A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D. an American

4. The people __________.

A. are singing B. are talking C. are listening D. are looking at the wall

5. They __________.

A. can see the Great Wall B. can speak English very well.

C. want to talk with the man very much D. want to see the Great Wall very much

初一年级(下)

【知识梳理】

I. 重点短语

1. a bottle of

2. a little

3. a lot (of)

4. all day

5. be from

6. be over

7. come back

8. come from

9. do one?s homework

10. do the shopping

11. get down

12. get home

13. get to

14. get up

15. go shopping

16. have a drink of

17. have a look

18. have breakfast

19. have lunch

20. have supper

21. listen to

22. not…at all

23. put…away

24. take off

25. throw it like that

26. would like

27. in the middle of the day

28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening

29. on a farm

30. in a factory

II. 重要句型

1. Let sb. do sth.

2. Could sb. do sth.?

3. would like sth.

4. would like to do sth.

5. What about something to eat?

6. How do you spell …?

7. May I borrow…?

III. 交际用语

1. —Thanks very much!

—You're welcome.

2. Put it/them away.

3. What's wrong?

4. I think so.

I don't think so.

5. I want to take some books to the classroom.

6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.

Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.

9. What's your favourite sport?

10. Don't worry.

11.I?m (not) good at basketball.

12. Do you want a go?

13. That's right./ That?s all right./ All right.

14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?

Yes, I do. / No, I don?t.

15. We / They have some CDs.

We / They don?t have any CDs.

16. ---What day is it today / tomorrow?

---It?s Monday.

17. ---May I borrow your colour pens, please?

---Certainly. Here you are.

18. ---Where are you from?

---From Beijing.

19. What's your telephone number in New York?

20. ---Do you like hot dogs?

---Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)

---No, I don't. ( I don't like them at all.)

21. ---What does your mother like?

---She likes dumplings and vegetables very much.

22. ---When do you go to school every day?

---I go to school at 7:00 every day.

23. ---What time does he go to bed in the evening?

---He goes to bed at 10:00.

IV. 重要语法

1.人称代词的用法;

2. 祈使句;

3. 现在进行时的构成和用法;

4.动词have的用法;

5.一般现在时构成和用法;

6.可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法

【名师讲解】

1. That's right./ That?s all right./ All right.

That?s right意为“对的”,表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为,肯定对方的答案或判断。例如:

"I think we must help the old man.""我想我们应该帮助这位老人。"

"That's right."或 "You're right.""说得对"。

That?s all right.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”,用来回答对方的致谢或道歉。例如:

"Many thanks." "That's all right."

"Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right."

All right.意为“行了”、“可以”,表示同意对方的建议或要求。有时还可以表示“身体很好” "Please tell me about it." "请把此事告诉我。"

"All right.""好吧。"

Is your mother all right?你妈身体好吗

2. make/do

这两个词都可以解释为“做”,但含义却不同,不能混用。make指做东西或制东西,do指做一件具体的事。

Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能为我做个纸船吗?

He?s doing his homework now.他正在做他的作业。

3. say/speak/talk/tell

say:是最口语化的最普通的一个词,意为“说出”、“说道”,着重所说的话。如: “I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他说,“我要坐汽车到那里去。”

Please say it in English .请用英语说。

speak : “说话”,着重开口发声,不着重所说的内容,一般用作不及物动词 (即后面不能直接接宾语 ) 。如:

Can you speak about him? 你能不能说说他的情况?

I don?t like to speak like this. 我不喜欢这样说话。

speak 作及物动词解时,只能和某种语言等连用,表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。如:

She speaks English well.她英语说得好。

talk : 与 speak 意义相近,也着重说话的动作,而不着重所说的话,因此,一般也只用作不及物动词, 不过,talk 暗示话是对某人说的,有较强的对话意味,着重指连续地和别人谈话。如:

I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他谈那件事。

Old women like to talk with children.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。

tell : “告诉”,除较少情况外,一般后面总接双宾语。如:

He?s telling me a story.他在给我讲故事。

tell a lie 撒谎

tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.

Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.

4. do cooking/ do the cooking

do cooking 作“做饭”解,属泛指。do the cooking 特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。cooking为动名词,不能用作复数,但前面可用 some, much修饰。从do some cooking可引出许多类似的短语:

do some washing 洗些衣服

do some shopping 买些东西

do some reading 读书

do some writing 写些东西

do some fishing 钓鱼

从以上短语可引申出另一类短语,不能用some, much或定冠词。

go shopping 去买东西

go fishing 去钓鱼

go boating 去划船

go swimming 去游泳

5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.

like doing sth. 与like to do sth. 意思相同,但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者表示动作的习惯性和经常性;后来表示一次性和偶然性的动作。例如:

He likes playing football, but he doesn?t like to play football with Li Ming.

他喜欢踢足球,但是他不喜欢和李明踢。

6. other/ others/ the other/ another

other表其余的,别的,

Have you any other questions?你还有其他问题吗?

others 别的人,别的东西

In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是

美国人,其他的是法国人。

the other表另一个(二者之中)one…,the other…

One of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese.

我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文。

another表三者以上的另一个,另一些

There is room for another few books on the shelf.书架上还可以放点书。

7. in the tree/ on the tree

in the tree 与 on the tree.译成中文均为"在树上"但英语中有区别。in the tree表示某人、某事(不属于树本身生长出的别的东西)落在树上,表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时,要使用on the tree.如:

There are some apples on the tree. 那棵树上有些苹果。

There is a bird in the tree. 那棵树上有只鸟。

8. some/ any

(1)some和 any既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。但有以下两点需要

注意。

some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句和疑问句中。如:

There is some water in the glass.

Is there any water in the glass?

There isn't any water in the glass.

(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中,或在表示请求,邀请的疑问句中,我们依然用some。如:

Would you like some tea?

9. tall/ high

(1)说人,动物,树木等有生命的东西,主要用tall,不用high,例如

a tall woman 一个高个子妇女

a tall horse 一个高大的马

(2)说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时,要用high,而不用tall,比如人站在桌子上时,飞机飞上天时,例如:

He is high up in the tree. 他高高地爬在树上。

The plane is so high in the sky. 飞机在空中这么高。

(3)指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以,不过high的程度比tall高。

(4)high可作副词,tall不能。

(5)tall的反义词为short, high的反义词为low.

10. can/ could

(1) can表示体力和脑力方面的能力,或根据客观条件能做某种动作的"能力

"。例如:

Can you ride a bike? 你会骑自行车吗?

What can I do for you? 要帮忙吗?

Can you make a cake?你会做蛋糕吗?

(2) can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的"怀疑""猜测"或不肯定。例如: Where can he be?他会在什么地方呢?

Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗?

It surely can't be six o'clock already?不可能已经六点钟了吧?

You can't be hungry so soon,Tom,you've just had lunch.汤姆,你不可能饿得这么快,你刚吃过午饭。

What can he mean?他会是什么意思?

在日常会话中,can可代替may表示"允许",may比较正式。例如:

You can come in any time.你随时都可以来。

--- Can I use your pen?我能用你的钢笔吗?

--- Of course,you can.当然可以。

You can have my seat,I'm going now.我要走了,你坐我的座位吧。

(3) could

could 是 can的过去式,表示过去有过的能力和可能性(在否定和疑问句中)。例如: The doctor said he could help him.(能力)医生说他能帮助他。

Lily could swim when she was four years old.(能力)

当丽丽四岁的时候她就会游泳。

At that time we thought the story could be true.(可能性)

那时我们以为所说的可能是真的。

could可代替can表示现在时间的动作,但语气较为婉转。例如:

Could I speak to John,please?我能和约翰说话吗?

Could you?在口语中表示请求对方做事。例如:

Could you wait half an hour?请你等半个小时好吗?

Could you please ring again at six?六点钟请你再打电话好吗?

(4) can的形式

只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式。能表示一般现在和一般过去两种时态,有时也能表示将来。所有其他时态(包括将来时)须用be able to加动词不定式来表示。例如: They have not been able to come to Beijing.

他们没有能到北京来。

11. look for/ find

look for 意为“寻找”,而find意为“找到,发现”,前者强调“找”这一动作,并不注重“找”的结果,而后者则强调“找”的结果。例如:

She can?t find her ruler. 她找不到她的尺子啦。

Tom is looking for his watch,but he can?t find it.汤姆正在寻找他的手表,但没能找到。

12. be sleeping/ be asleep

be sleeping 表示动作,意思是“正在睡觉”;be asleep 表示状态,意思是“睡着了”。如: ---What are the children doing in the room? 孩子们在房间里做什么?

---They are sleeping.他们正在睡觉。

The children are asleep now.现在孩子们睡着了。

13. often/ usually/sometimes

often表示"经常",sometimes表示"有时候",在表示发生频率上often要高于usually,usually要高于sometimes。这三个词表示的是经常性,一般性的动作或情况,常与一般现在时连用,常位于主要谓语动词的前面,其他谓语动词(be动词,情态动词和助动词)的后面,有时也可位于句尾。如果要加强语气,则放在句首。

We usually play basketball after school.我们通常放学后打篮球。

Sometimes I go to bed early.有时,我睡觉很早。

He often reads English in the morning.他经常在早晨读英语。

14. How much/ How many

how much常用来询问某一商品的价格,常见句式是How much is / are…?

How much is the skirt? 这条裙子多少钱?

How much are the bananas? 这些香蕉多少钱?

how much后加不可数名词,表示数量,意为“多少“,how many后加可数名词的复数形式。

How much meat do you want? 你要多少肉呀?

How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少人?

15. be good for/ be good to/ be good at

be good for 表示"对……有好处",而be bad for表示"对……有害";be good to表示"对……友好",而be bad to表示"对……不好";be good at表示"擅长,在……方面做得好",而be bad at表示"在……方面做得不好"。

Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。

Eating too much is bad for you health.吃的太多对你的身体有害。

Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。

The boss is bad to his workers.这个老板对他的工人不好。

Li Lei is good at drawing, but I'm bad at it.李雷擅长画画,但是我不擅长。

16. each/ every

each 和every都有"每一个"的意思,但含义和用法不相同。each从个体着眼,every从整体着眼。each 可用于两者或两者以上,every只用于三者或三者以上。

We each have a new book.

我们每人各有一本新书。

There are trees on each side of the street.

街的两旁有树。

He gets up early every morning.

每天早晨他都起得早。

each可以用作形容词、副词和代词;every只能用作形容词。

Each of them has his own duty.

他们各人有各人的义务。

They each want to do something different.

他们每个人都想做不同的事情。

17. 一般现在时/现在进行时

一般现在时表示经常性的或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也表示说话者的能力,还有自然现象;而现在进行时表示正在进行或发生的动作(构成方式为am/is /are/+doing)。

I do my homework in the evening.

我在晚上做作业。

I'm doing my homework now.

我现在正在做作业。

现在进行时常与now, these days, at the moment 或Look, listen等词连用;而一般现在时常与often, always, sometimes, usually, every day, in the morning, on Mondays等连用。

We often clean the classroom after school.

我们经常放学后打扫教室。

Look! They are cleaning the classroom .

看!他们正在打扫教室呢。

【考点扫描】

中考考点在本单元主要集中在:

1.动词一般现在时和现在进行时的用法,人称代词的用法,可数名词和不可数

名词的构成和用法。

2.本册书中常见的交际用语

3.本册书中一些重点的词组和短语

考试形式往往是单项填空、完形填空、短文改错和短文填空。

【中考范例】

1.(20xx年安徽省中考试题)

---Hurry up! We?re all waiting for you.

---I ________ for an important phone call. Go without me.

A. wait B. was waiting C. am waiting D. waited

【解析】答案:C。表示现在正在进行的动作,用现在进行时。

2. (20xx年长春市中考试题)

Could you help ____ with _______ English, please?

A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I

【解析】答案:C。第一个空作宾语,应用人称代词的宾格me, 第二个空作定语,应用形容词性物主代词my。

3.(20xx年长春市中考试题)

Dr. White can _______ French very well.

A. speak B. talk C. say D. tell

【解析】答案:A。说什麽语言常用动词speak。

4.(20xx年黄冈中考试题)

English is spoken by ______ people.

A. a lot B. much many C. a large number of D. a great deal of

【解析】答案:C。只有a large number of 能用来修饰复数可数名词people。

【满分演练】

一. 单项选择

1. There is some ______ on the plate.

A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears

2. Uncle Wang wants ______ the machine like a bike.

A. ride B. riding C. rides D. to ride

3. Tom usually goes to bed ________ ten o'clock in the evening.

A. at B. in C. on D. of

4. ______ picture books in class, please.

A. Not read B. No read C. Not reading D. Don't read

5. The box is too heavy. Let ________ help you to carry it.

A. we B. us C. ours D. our

6. Hurry up, ______ we'll be late for the meeting.

A. and B. but C. then D. or

7. People usually ______ "hello" to each other when they make a phone call.

A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk

8. Look! She ________ a kite for her son.

A. makes B. is making C. make D. making

9. These shoes are yours. Please ________.

A. put on them B. put on it C. put them on D. put it on

10. She often gets ______ very late.

A. home B. at home C. to home D. in home

11. I think the shop is closed ________ this time of day.

A. in B. on C. at D. for

12. I want ______ of meat, please.

A. half kilo B. a half kilo C. half a kilo D. a kilo half

13. --- Is this black ruler ________?

--- No. It's ________.

A. yours, his B. your, his C. yours, him D. you, he

14. ________ book on the desk is a useful(重要的)one.

A. A B. An C. The D. /

15. Grandma is ill. We have to take her to the ________.

A. farm B. post office C. hotel D. hospital

16. Liu Mei often helps her mother ________ housework.

A. does B. do C.doing D. to doing

17. We watch evening news on ________ at 7:00 in the evening.

A. CCTV B. CAAC C. WTO D. MTV

18. There ________ a box of apples on the desk.

A. are B. is C. has D. have

19. Would you like ________ with me?

A. go B. to go C. going D. goes

20. Sometimes his brother ________ TV after supper.

A. watch B. sees C. watches D. is watching

二. 填空

A. 根据句义和首字母写出所缺的单词

1. Kate's glass is empty. She wants a f______ one.

2. I think my father can help you m______ your broken bike.

3. I have two pencils. One is short, the other is l______.

4. Please open the w______. It's getting hot here.

5. Something is w______ with my bike. May I borrow yours?

B. 根据句意,用括号中所给词的适当形式填空

1. There are some ________ there, talking loudly. (woman)

2. This blouse isn't hers. It's ________. (my)

3. The people on the farm are very ________. (friend)

4. Do you know ________? (he)

5. Tom's uncle can drive cars. He is a good ________. (drive)

C.

下载破80000初中英语语法总结初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习中考英语易错题

1. This is our ________ desk. Ours are over there.

2. Bill has three ________. One is new and the other two are old.

3. His uncle ________ very young but he is over forty.

4. Let's ________ basketball after class.

5. Look! The cats are ________ up the trees.

6. The shop isn't open. It's ________.

7. My brother ________ some new picture books.

8. In our classroom there is a large map of ________.

9. Mum, please give me something to ________. I'm very hungry.

10. Does Mr Green like ________ in this Chinese school?

三. 根据对话内容,从方框中选择恰当的句子完成对话

下载破80000初中英语语法总结初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习中考英语易错题

A: Excuse me, Lin Tao!

B: Yes?

A: My bike is broken. Can I borrow yours?

B: __1____.

A: This afternoon.

B: OK. Here's the key.

A: ____2__. But where is it?

B: __3____.

A: What colour is it?

B: __4____.

A: I see. I think I can find it.

B: ___5___.

A: All right. See you!

四. 完型填空

These days men and women , young and old are ___1_____ the same kind of ___2____, and a lot of ___3_____ have long hair(头发). We often can't ___4_____whether they are boys or girls, men or women.

___5_____ old man often goes to walk in the park. He is sitting on a chair now. A young person is ___6_____ ___7_____ him.

"Oh, goodness!" the old man says to the other one. "Do you ___8_____ that person with long hair? Is it a boy or a girl?"

"A boy," says the other one. "He is my son." "Oh," says the old man, "Please ____9____ me. I don't know you are his ____10____." "I'm not his mother, I'm his father," says the other one.

1. A. having B. wearing C. putting D. buying

2. A. clothes B. trees C. pictures D. Bags

3. A. we B. your C. them D. Theirs

4. A. talk B. teach C. say D tell

5. A. An B. A C. The D. /

6. A. running B. flying C. standing D. driving

7. A. on B. beside C. in D. At

8. A. see B. watch C. look D. Read

9. A. help B. excuse C. teach D. Ask

10. A. baby B. sister C. father D. Mother

五. 阅读理解

( A )

Mr Li teaches Chinese in the USA. He comes back to China every year. He gives us a talk. He says," K Day in the USA is very interesting. All children like it very much. It is on March 7th. When you go out on that day, you can see children running with kites in the open air(露天). When you look up, you can see different kites in the sky(天空). Some are big, and some are small. They are in different colours. Every kite has a long string(长线). The children begin to run when they get the kites up. Every child has a good time that day. 1. Mr Li is _______________. He works in the USA.

A. a worker B. an English teacher C. a doctor D. a Chinese teacher 2. Mr Li says something about _______________. A. how to study English B. K Day in the USA C. his work in the USA D. playing in the open air 3. March 7th is _________________.

A. Children's Day B. Teachers' Day C. K Day D. Tree planting Day(植树节) 4. Every kite has _____________________.

A. a short string B. a long string C. the same colour D. the same size(大小) 5. There are _______________ kites in the sky on that day. A. all kinds of B. one kind of C. three kinds of D. three

下载破80000初中英语语法总结初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习中考英语易错题

6. On _______________, Paula usually gets up at 7:10 am.

A. Thursdays B. Wednesdays C. weekdays D. weekends 7. Pizza is a kind of _________________. A. drink B. fruit C. toy D. food

8. Paula's favourite sport is _________________.

A. volleyball B. table-tennis C. yo-yo D. football

9. On Wednesday evenings Paula usually ___________________. A. watches TV B. does her homework C. washes her clothes D. goes to see her friends 10. Which is wrong?

A. Paula goes to school from Monday to Friday. B. Paula goes to bed after ten o'clock. C. Paula has sports in the afternoon. D. Paula usually has Pizza for lunch.

六. 根据中文提示和英文词语提示,写出意思连贯、符合逻辑的英文文段:(所有英文提示语必须用上。

这位老人来自悉尼。他很热爱中国。他现在在北京教英语。他喜欢在北京工作。

1. this, man, come, Sydney

2. he, China, very much

3. now, teach, in Beijing

4. he, say, Beijing, big, beautiful, like, work, here

初二年级(上)

【知识梳理】

I. 重点短语

1. on time

2. best wishes

3. give a talk

4. for example

5. short for

6. a waste of time

7. go on a field trip

8. go fishing

9. I agree

10. next week

11. the day after tomorrow

12. have a picnic

13. have some problems doing sth.

14. go the wrong way

15. hurry up

16. get together

17. in the open air

18. on Mid-Autumn Day

19. come over

20. have to

21. get home

22. agree with

23. in the country

24. in town

25. all the same

26. in front of

27. on the left/right side

28. next to

29. up and down

30. keep healthy

31. grow up

32. at the same time

33. the day before yesterday

35. last Saturday

36. half an hour ago

37. a moment ago

38. just now

39. by the way

40. all the time

41. at first

II. 重要句型

1. have fun doing sth.

2. Why don?t you…?

3. We?re going to do sth.

4. start with sth.

5. Why not…?

6. Are you going to…?

7. be friendly to sb.

8. You?d better do sth.

9. ask sb. for sth.

10. say goodbye to sb.

11. Good luck(with sb)!

III. 交际用语

1.Welcome backto school!

2.Excuse me. I?m sorry I?m late, because the traffic is bad.

3.It doesn?t matter.

4.Happy Teachers? Day !

5.That?s a good idea.

6.What are you going to do?

7.Where are we going ?

8.What are we going to do ?

9.I?m good at…

10.It?s not far from…

11. Are you free tomorrow evening?

12.Would you and Lily like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival?

13.I?m glad you can come.

14.Thanks for asking us.

15.How about another one?

16.May I have a taste?

17.Let me walk with you.

18.What do you have to do?

19.Do you live on a farm?

20.Which do you like better, the city or the country?

21.Which do you like best, dogs, cats or chickens?

22.Shall we go at ten? Good idea!

23.---Let?s make it half past one. ---OK.

24.---Why not come a little earlier? ---All right.

25.Excuse me. Where?s the nearest post office, please?

26.It?s over there on the right.

27.I?m sorry I don?t know.

28.You?d better…

29.Thank you all the same.

30.Which bus do I take?

31.Go along this road.

32.What day was it yesterday?

33.I?m sorry to hear that.

34.I hope you?re better now.

35.Why did you call me?

36.I called to tell…

IV. 重要语法

1.be going to的用法;

2.形容词的比较级、最高级;

3.形容词和副词的比较

4.一般过去时

【名师讲解】

1. on the street / in the street

表示“在街上”时,on the street 和 in the street 都可以,在美国多用on the street, 在英国多用in the street. 例如:

We have a house in the street. 我们在街上有座房子。

I met him on the street. 我在街上遇见了他。

2. would like / like

would like 和 like含义不同。like 意思是“喜欢”,“爱好”,而 would like 意思是“想要”。试比较:

I like beer.=I?m fond of beer. 我喜欢喝啤酒。

I?d like a glass of beer= I want a glass of beer. 我想要一杯啤酒。

Do you like going to the cinema? 你喜欢看电影吗?

Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? 你今晚想去看电影吗?

3. another / the other

(1)another 通常用于三个或三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或 物体。 例如: May I have another apple, please? 请在给我一个苹果好吗?

This coat is too small for me. Please show me another这件外套我穿太小,请再给我拿一件看看。

(2)the other 通常指两者中的另一个。例如:

He has two rulers. One is short. The other is long. 他有两把尺子,一把短的,另一把长的。

I have two brothers. One works in Xi?an . The other works in Beijing. 我有两个兄弟,一个在西安工作,另一个在北京工作。

4. have to /must

(1)have to和 must 都可以用来谈论义务,但用法略有不同。如果某人主观上觉得必须去做而又想去时,常用must。如果谈论某种来自“外界”的义务,常用have to。例如: I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟。(自己想戒烟)

They have to work for the boss.

他们不得不为那个老板工作。(条件逼得他们去工作)

(2)have to 可用于多种时态,must 只能用于一般现在时。例如:

I?ll have to get up early tomorrow morning.明天早晨我必须早早起床。

We had to work long hours every day in order to get more money.

为了多挣钱,我们不得不每天长时间地工作。

(3)用于否定句时,mustn?t意思是“决不能”,“禁止”,而don?t have to意思是“不必”,相

当于needn?t。例如:

You mustn?t be late again next time.下一次你决不能再迟到。

You don?t have to go there today. You can go there tomorrow.

你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。

5. hear sb. or sth.doing sth. / herar sb. or sth. do sth.

hear sb. or sth.doing sth.意思是“听到某人或某物在做某事”,而hear sb. or sth. do sth.意思是“听到某人或某物做过某事”。试比较:

I hear him singing an English song.听见他在唱英歌曲。

I heard him sing an English song.我听见他唱一首英文歌。

类似hear 这种用法的还有see, watch, listen, feel等感官动词。

6. any /some

any和some 都可以同不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式连用,但some一般用在肯定句中;any用在疑问句和否定句中。试比较:

I want some money. 我想要点钱。

Have you any money? 你有钱吗?

I don?t have any money. 我一点钱也没有。

some 有时也用于疑问句,表示说话人期待一个肯定回答或鼓励人家说“是”。例如: Would you like some more beer?请你再来点啤酒好吗?

Could I have some rice, please?请给我来点米饭好吗?

7. hear /listen to

listen to 和hear 都有“听”的意思,但含义有所不同。Listen to强调“听”的动作,hear 强调“听”的结果。例如:

Listen to me ,please! I?m going to tell you a story. 请听我说!我给你们讲个故事。

Listen! Can you hear someone crying in the next room? 听!你能听见有人在隔壁房间里哭吗?

I listened, but heard nothing.我听了听,但什么也听不见。

hear 后面如果接宾语从句,常常表示“听说”。例如:

I hear some foreign students will visit our school.我听说一些外国学生将要访问我们学校。 I hear there is going to be a film in our school this evening.我听说今晚我们学校要演一场电影。

8. Let?s… /Let us…

Let?s… 和Let us… 都表示“让我们……”, 如果us 包括听话人在内,其含义相同,附带问句用shall we. 如果us 不包括听话人在内,其含义不同,Let us…的附带问句要用will you。例如:

Let?s go shopping, shall we? 我们去购物好吗?

9. take/ bring/ carry /get

这四个动词都有“拿”和“带”的意思,但含义有所不同。take意为“带走”,“拿走”,bring意为“带来”,“拿来”, get表示“到别的地方把某人或某物带来或拿来”,carry不强调方向,带有负重的意思。试比较:

My parents often take me there on holidays.我父母常常带我到那里去度假。

I?m going to take you to Beijing.我准备带你去北京。

Bring me a cup of tea, please.请给我端杯茶来。

I?ll bring the book to you tomorrow.明天我把那本书给你带来。

The waiter carried the me to the table服务员把肉送到桌上。

The monkey carried the bag on her back.猴子把那个包背在背上。

She went back to get her handbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。

Let me get the doctor.让我去请医生吧。

10. far away /faraway

(1)far away是一个副词短语,意思是“很远”。例如:

Some are far away. Some are nearer.有些离得很远,有些离得近一些的。

The village is far away from here.那个村子离这儿很远。

(2)faraway是一个形容词,意思是“遥远的”,可以在句中作定语。例如:

He lives in faraway mountain village.他住在一个遥远的小山村。

11. find / look for

find和look for 都有“找”的意思,但含义不同。find 强调“找”的结果,而look for 强调“找”的过程。请看下列例句:

He is looking for his bike.他在找他的自行车。

I?m looking for my watch, but can?t find it.我在找我的手表,但是找不到。

I hope you will soon find your lost ring.希望你尽快找到丢失的戒指。

另外,find还有“发现”;“感到”等意思。例如:

I found a wallet in the desk.我在课桌里发现了一个钱包。

I find this book very interesting.我觉得这本书很有意思。

12. in front of /in the front of

In front of 表示在某物的前面,不在某物的范围内。In the front of 表示在某物的前部,在某物的范围内。试比较:

My seat is in front of Mary?s.我的座位在玛丽座位的前面。

He is sitting in the front of the car with the driver.他和司机坐在小车的前部。

【考点扫描】

1. be going to的用法;

2. 形容词的比较级、最高级;

3. 形容词和副词的比较

4. 一般过去时

5. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;

6. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。

【中考范例】

1. (20xx年烟台市中考试题)

In the exam, the ________ you are, the ________ mistakes you?ll make.

A. carefully, little B. more carefully, fewest

C. more careful, fewer D. more careful, less

【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是形容词和副词的比较以及他们的比较等级的用法。第一个空应填形容词careful的比较级,因为它在句中作表语,第二个空应填few的比较级,因为它修饰的是复数可数名词。

2. (20xx年河北省中考试题)

Bob never does his homework _________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.

A. so careful B. as carefully as C. carefully D. as careful as

【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法比较。该空应填副词,因为它修饰的是动词does。该题用的是not as+副词+as的结构,所以答案应是B。

3. (20xx年重庆市中考试题)

That day I saw some parents _________ at the back of the classroom, ________ to the teacher.

A. sitting, listened B. sat, listened

C. sitting, listening D. sat, listening

【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是see sb. doing sth.的句型结构和分词作状语的用法。第一个空stting在句中作saw的宾语补足语,第二个空listening做伴随状语。

4. (20xx年杭州市中考试题)

You ________ open the door before the train gets into the station.

A. don?t have to B. mustn?t C. needn?t D. may not

【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是几个情态动词否定式的用法区别。don?t have to和needn?t的意思都是“不必”,may not的意思是“可以不”,只有mustn?t表示“不许”,“禁止”。

【满分演练】

一. 单项填空

1. Welcome back ________school.

A. in B. at C. to D. on

2. Miss Gao is our new Chinese teacher ________.

A. in this term B. this term

C. on this term D. that term

3. ---I?m sorry I?m late.

---_____________.

A. OK B. It doesn?t matter

C. All right D. Thank you

4. Li Mu and Jill are talking _________where they are going.

A. about B. to C. with D. for

5. There is very ______food in the house.

A. a few B. little C. a little D. few

6. You?d better take a raincoat ____you.

A. to B. with C. on D. for

7. The children are going to the Great Wall ______a field trip.

A. to B. with C. on D. for

8. I?m______hungry. May I have a mooncake?

A. a little B. little C. a few D. few

9. I?m still hungry. I?d like _________one.

A. other B. another C. an other D. the other

10.The moon looks ____than the sun, but in fact the sun is ______than the moon.

A. big; big B. bigger; bigger

C. small; small D. smaller; smaller

11. I can see them_____football on the playground.

A. play B. playing C. to play D. are playing

12. Ji Wei runs_________than I.

A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest

13. I think steamed bread is ____________ hamburger.

A. more delicious than B. most delicious than

C. more delicious to D. most delicious to

14. ---What are you going to do this afternoon?

----__________. I?m free.

A. To do my homework B. To clean my house

C. To do some shopping D. Nothing much

15. ---May I speak to Jack?

---____________. Who?s that?

A. I?m Jack B. That is Jack

C.This is Jack speaking D. I?m Jack speaking

16. ----Why not _________ and see the play?

---Good idea.

A.go B. going C. to go D. goes

17. It?s cold outside. Please keep the door_________.

A. close B. closing C. closes D. closed

18. My home is about two hundred metres_____our school.

A. from B. far from C. away D. to

19. There are some apple trees ________her house.

A. in the front of B. at the back of

C. in the middle of D. at the front of

20. Which floor do you ________?

A. live B. live on C. live at D. live in

二. 完形填空

The Xingqing Palace Park(兴庆宫公园)is __1___ park in Xi?an.__2__ Saturdays or Sundays, children like ___3___ there __4___ their parents. There they can play games. There is a lake and a hill in the park. Today is Sunday. Many children are playing in the park. Look! Some children __5___ on the lake. They are good __6___ it. Is the boat ___7___ a chicken? No. It looks like a duck. Some boys are playing __8___ football on the grass(草地)。A few boys __9___the hill over there. All the children are having a good time. They think playing in the park is___10___ than having classes at school.

1.A. bigger B. the biggest C. smaller D. the smaller

2.A. In B. On C. At D. With

3.A. walking B. going C. running D.flying

4.A. with B. for C. on D. in

5.A. is swimming B. is boating C. are running D. are boating

6.A. In B. with C. from D. at

7.A. look B. likes C. looks D. like

8.A. a B. / C. an D. the

9.A. are running B. are walking C. are climbing D. are jumping

10.A. little better B. much better C. many better D. the best

三. 阅读理解

(A)

Mark Twain is traveling to Dijon by train. He wants to sleep very much, so he asks the conductor(服务员)to wake him up when the train gets to Dijon. The he goes to sleep. Later, when

wakes up, it is early the next morning and the train has got to Paris. He knows at once that the conductor doesn?t wake him up at Dijon. He is very angry. He runs up to the conductor and says, “Why didn?t you wake me up and put me off the train at Dijon? I am very angry about it!”

The conductor smiles and looks at him, “Another American is more angry than you. But you can?t see him now. I put him off the train at Dijon last night.”

根据短文内容,判断下列各句的正误:正确的答“A”,错误的答“B”。

1. Mark twain asks the conductor to wake him up in Paris.

2. The train got to Dijon at night.

3. Mark Twain was very angry with the conductor.

4. The conductor made a mistake(错误). He put another American off the train at Dijon.

5. Mark Twain can?t see that American because the American doesn?t like him.

(B)

The worst tourist in the world is Nicholas Scotti of San Francisco . Once he flew from the US to his home town in Italy to see someone at home. The plane made a one-hour stop to get oil at Kennedy Airport of New York. As he thought he had arrived home, Mr Scotti got off the plane. He thought he was in Rome .

When nobody was there to meet him, Mr Scotti thought maybe they were held up by heavy traffic. While looking for their addresses, Mr Scotti found that the old "Rome" had changed a lot. Many old buildings were replaced by high modern ones.

He also found that many people spoke English instead of Italian and that many street signs were written in English.

Mr Scotti knew very little English, so he asked a policeman(in Italian) the way to the bus station. He happened to meet a policeman who was also born in Italy and answered him in the same language.

After twelve hours' traveling round on a bus, the driver handed him over to a second

policeman. He asked the policeman why the Rome police employed so many people as policemen speaking English of Italian.

To get him on a plane back to San Francisco, He was sent to the airport in a police car with sirens(警报) on. "Look," said Scotti to his interpreter , "I know I'm in Italy. That's how they drive."

1. When Mr Scotti arrived at the airport, nobody met him because ____________.

A. he was in New York

B. he was in Rome

C. policemen could help him

D. he was in an Italian city

2. In what direction (方向) did the plane fly when Mr Scotti went to Italy from the US?

A. To the east.

B. To the south.

C. To the west

D. To the north.

3. Why was Mr Scotti so sure that he was in Rome?

A. Because he traveled a lot.

B. Because he knew little about the US.

C. Because he knew little about Italy.

D. Because he didn't travel much.

4. At last Mr Scotti _________.

A. knew he did something wrong

B. still thought he was

C. knew he was wrong

D. knew he was home

5. Do you think many people do the same thing as Mr Scotti did?

A. Nobody but Mr Scotti made this kind of mistake.

B. Many people make this kind of mistake.

C. Few people make this kind of mistake.

D. 50% of people will make the same mistake.

(C)

My wife and I stayed in London for a few weeks last year. We went there in the autumn. We think it is the best season to visit England. The weather is usually quite good and there are not too many visitors in October.

We stayed in a small restaurant in the West End. We did most of our sightseeing on foot. We went to look at all the places. We went shopping and spent too much money. We liked going to the theatre . We don't have the chance to see such good plays (戏剧) at home. A lot of people say English food is very bad. We didn't think so. Most of the restaurants are French or Chinese, but we had some very good meals.

We enjoyed our holiday very much. We want to go there again this year. We are going to take our umbrellas . I'm sure we'll need them sometimes.

1. “We went shopping and spent too much money” means _________.

A. they didn't enjoy shopping and spent too much money

B. prices were high in England

C. there were so many good things in the shops and they bought a lot

D. they liked to go shopping with lots of money

2. They didn't have the chance to see such good plays_________.

A. in their small restaurant B. in their home town

C. in France D. in England

3. You can get _______ in a restaurant.

A. meals B. clothes C. books D. cakes

4. I'm sure we'll need umbrellas sometimes because__________.

A. umbrellas can be very good presents for their friends in London

B. it often rains in London

C. the English people like to bring umbrellas with them

D. the English people protect (保护) themselves with umbrella

5. The two visitors came from________.

A. England B. France

C. America D. a country we don't know

四. 根据所给汉语完成下列英语句子

1. Yesterday afternoon Miss Li came here _________ (向你道歉).

2. I did everything ___________ (他要求我做的).

3. We saw the old scientist ____________ (在花园里散步) just now.

4. My grandpa has ___________ (好记忆). He can remember many things.

5. Do you know who _______ (发明了机器人)?

6. I find ____________ (记住这些单词很难).

7. I enjoy ____________ (吃大肉).

8. Don?t stand ___________ (一直). Please give me a hand.

9. Wang Zheng __________ (出身在)a worker?s family.

10. ________________ (祝你们好运), all the boys.

初二年级(中)

【知识梳理】

I. 重点短语

1. give a concert

2. fall down

3. go on

4. at the end of

5. go back

6. in ahurry

7. write down

8. come out

9. all the year round

10. later on

11. at times

12. ring sb. up

13. Happy New Year!

14. have a party

15. hold on

16. hear from

17. be ready

18. at the moment

19. take out

20.the same as

21. turn over

22. get-together

23. put on

24. take a seat

25. wait for

26. get lost

27. just then

28. first of all

29. go wrong

30. make a noise

31. get on

32. get off

33. stand in line

34. at the head of

35. laugh at

36. throw about

37. in fact

38. at midnight

39. enjoy oneself

40. have a headache

41. have a cough

42. fall asleep

43. again and again

44. look over

45. take exercise

II. 重要句型

1. be good for sth.

2. I think …

3. I hope…

4. I love…

5. I don?t like…

6. I?m sure…

7. forget to do sth.

8. take a message for sb.

9. give sb. the message

10. help yourself to sth.

11. be famous for sth.

12. on one?s way to…

13. make one?s way to…

14. quarrel with sb.

15. agree with sb.

16. stop sb. from doing sth. III. 交际用语

1.What?s the weather like today?

2.It?s cold, but quite suuny.

3.How cold it is today!

4.Yes, but it?ll be warmer later on.

5.Shall we make a snowman?

6.Ok. Come on!

7.Happy New Year!

8.May I speak to Ann, please??

9.Hold on, please.

10.Thanks a lot for inviting me to your party.

11.Ok. But I?m afraid I may be a little late.

12.Can I take a message for you?

13.That?s OK. It doesn?t matter.

14.I?m very sorry, but I can?t come.

15.I?m sorry to hear that.

16.Happy birthday!

17.Would you like ...? Would you like to ...?

18.Do you think ...? Yes, I think so. / No, I don't think so.

19.Do you agree? Yes, I agree. / No, don't really agree. I really can't agree.

20.There are a few / a lot of ... / on it.

21.So do we.

22.I'm happy you like it.

23.Which is the way to ..., please?

24.Turn right/left at the ... crossing.

25.Go on until you reach ...

26.How can I get to ...? Go down/up/along this road.

27.What's the matter?

28.It'll take you half an hour to ...

29.We'd better catch a bus.

30.It may be in ... Ah, so it is

31.You must be more careful!

32.You mustn't cross the road now.

33.If you want to cross a street, you must wait for the green light.

34.Please stand in line.

35.You must wait for your turn.

36.If you don't go soon, you'll be late.

37.I don't feel very well.

38.My head hurts.

39.You mustn't eat anything until you see the doctor.

40.What's the trouble?

41.What's the matter with…?

42.She didn't feel like eating anything.

43.Nothing serious.

44.Have/get a pain in…

45.No problem.

46.Take this medicine three times a day.

IV. 重要语法

1. 一般过去时;

2. 反意疑问句的用法;

3. 一般将来时;

4. 感叹句;

5. 简单句的五种基本句型;

6. 情态动词can, may和must, have to的用法;

7. 时间状语从句和条件状语从句。

【名师讲解】

1. above/ over/ on

这三个介词都表示“在……之上”,但含义不同。on指在某物的表面上,和某物接触;above指在某物的上方,不和某物接触,但也不一定在某物的正上方;over指在某物的正上方,不和某物接触。试比较:

There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。

I raise my right hand above my head. 我把右手高举过头。

There is a stone bridge over the river. 河面上有座石桥。

2. forget to do sth./forget doing sth.

forget to do sth.意思是“忘记做某事”,实际上还没做;forget doing sth,意思是“忘记做过某事”,实际上已经做过了。试比较:

I forgot to tell him the news.我忘记告诉他这条消息了。

I forgot telling him the news.我已经把这条消息告诉他了,我却忘了。

类似的词还有:remember, regret等。

3. hope/wish

hope和wish 在汉语中都有“希望”的意思,但其含义和用法有所不同。主要区别如下:

(1)wish可以用来表示不可实现的愿望;hope只能用来表示可能实现的愿望。例如: I wish I were 20 years younger.我但愿自己能年轻二十岁。

I hope you?ll be better soon. 我希望你能很快好起来。

I wish the weather wasn?t so cold. 但愿天气不这麽冷。

I hope he will come, too. 我希望他也能来。

(2)wish可以接sb. to do sth. 的结构,而hope不可以。例如:

Do you wish me to come back later? 你是否希望我再来?

4. be sure to do sth./ be sure of/about sb. or sth.

(1)be sure to do sth.可以用来表示说话人给对方提出要求,意思是“务必”,也可以用来表示说话人做出的推断,意思是“一定”,“肯定”。例如:

Be sure to lock the door when you leave.你离开时务必把门锁好。

It?s a good film. You are sure to enjoy it.这是一部好电影,你肯定会喜欢的。

(2)be sure of/about sb.or sth. 可用来表示“某人对某事有把握”。例如:

I?m sure of his success.我相信他会成功。

I think it was three years ago, but I?m not sure about it.我想那是三年前的事情,但我没有把握。

5. hear from/hear of

hear意思是“听到”,从哪里听到要用from来表示。例如:

I?ve heard from Xiao Wu that we?ll start out military training tomorrow.

我听小吴说,我们明天开始军训。

Listen to the tape and write out what you hear from Han Mei.

听录音,并写出你从韩梅那里听到的内容。

hear from还有一个意思是“收到某人的来信”(=receive a letter from sb.)。例如:

I heard from my pen friend in the U.S.A. last month.

上个月我受到了美国笔友的来信。

I heard from her last week. 我上周接到了她的来信。

hear of和和hear from含义不同。hear of 意思是“听说”,“得知”(某事或某人的存在),常用在疑问句和否定句里。例如:

Who is he? I?ve never heard of him.他是谁?我从来没有听说过他。

I never heard of such a thing! 这样的事我从来没有听说过。

6. It?s a pleasure./With pleasure.

It?s a pleasure这句话常用作别人向你表示致谢时的答语,意思是“那是我乐意做的”。例如:

---Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你地帮助。

---It?s a pleasure. 那是我乐意做的。

---Thanks a lot. Bye.非常感谢。 再见。

---It?s a pleasure. 那是我乐意做的。再见。

类似的话还有 “Not at all.” “You are welcome.” “That?s all right.”

With pleasure也用作客气的答语,主要用在别人要你做某事,而你又非常愿意去做的场合。例如:

---Will you please pass me the newspaper, please?

请你把报纸递给我好吗?

---With pleasure.

当然可以。

7. seem/look

(1)二者都可以作“看起来”讲,但seem暗示凭借一些迹象作出的有根据的判断,这种判断往往接近事实;look着重强调由视觉得出的印象。两者都可跟(to be)+形容词和as if从句。如:

He seems / looks (to be) very happy today. 他今天看起来很高兴。

It looks (seems) as if it it is going to rain. 好像要下雨了。

(2)但下列情况中只用seem不用look:

1)后跟不定式to do时。如:

He seems to know the answer. 他似乎知道答案。

2)在It seems that ...结构中。如:

It seems that he is happier now than yesterday.他像比昨天高兴些了。

8. be ready to do/be ready for/ get ready to do/get ready for

(1)be ready to do和be ready for…表示“已作好…的准备”,强调状态

(2)get ready to do和get ready for…表示“为…做准备”,强调行为。如:

I'm ready to do anything you want me to do. 我愿意/随时准备做一切做你要我做的事。 I'm ready for any questions you may ask.我愿意/随时准备回答你可能问的问题。

He's getting ready to leave for Tokyo.他正准备动身去东京。

Let's get ready for the hard moment.我们为这一艰难时刻作好准备吧。

(3)be ready to do 通常可理解“乐于做某事”,即思想上总是有做某事的准备。be not ready to do表示

“不轻易做某事”。如:

He's usually not ready to listen to others.他通常不轻易听从别人。

9. at table/at the table

at table在吃饭,at the table在桌子旁边。例如:

The Greens are at table. 格林一家人在吃饭。

Mr. Black is sitting at the table and reading a book.布莱克先生坐在桌旁读书。

10. reach, arrive/get to

三者都有"到达"之意。reach是及物动词,后直接加名词,get和arrive是不及物动词,不能直接加名词,须借助于介词。get to后加名词地点,若跟副词地点时,to去掉;arrive at +小地方,arrive in+大地方。如:

Lucy got to the zoo before 8 o'clock. 露西8点前到了动物园。

When did your parents arrive in Shanghai? 你父母何时到上海的?

It was late when I got home. 我到家时天色已晚。

11. sick/ill

二者都是形容词。当“生病的,患病“之意时,ill只作表语,不作定语;而sick既可作表语也可作定语。sick有"呕吐,恶心"的意思,只能作表语,而ill无此意。如:

Li Lei was ill last week. (只作表语)李磊上周生病了。

He's a sick man. (作定语)他是病人。不能说成:He's an ill man.

My grandfather was sick for a month last year. (作表语)我祖父去年病了一个

月。

12. in time/on time

in time是"及时"的意思,on time是"准时,按时"。如:

I didn't get to the bus stop in time. 我没有及时赶上汽车。

We'll finish our job on time. 我们要按时完成任务。

13. may be/maybe

It may be in your inside pocket. = Maybe it is in your inside pocket. 也许在你里边的口袋里。第一句中may be是情态动词+be 动词构成的谓语部分,意思是"也许是","可能是";第二句中的maybe是副词,意思是"可能",常位于句首,不能位于句中,相当于另一副词perhaps。再如:

Maybe you put it in that bag.也许你放在了那只包里。(不能说You maybe put it

in that bag.)

It may be a hat.那可能是顶帽子。(不能说It maybe a hat. 或It maybe is a hat.)

14. noise/ voice/ sound

noise 指嘈杂声,噪音大的吵杂声。voice是指说话的声音,嗓音,嗓子。sound是指耳朵能够听到的声音、闹声等。它是表示声音之意的最普通的字。有时还用作科学上的声音。例如:

Don't make so much noise! 别那么大声喧哗!

I didn't recognize John's voice on the telephone. 在电话里我听不出约翰的声

音。

He spoke in a low voice. 他低声说话。

We heard a strange sound. 我们听到了一种奇怪的声音。

Sound travels fast, but light travels faster. 声音传得快,但是光传得更快。

【考点扫描】

中考考点在本单元主要集中在:

1. 一般过去时;

2. 反意疑问句的用法;

3. 一般将来时;

4. 感叹句;

5. 简单句的五种基本句型;

6. 情态动词can, may和must, have to的用法;

7. 时间状语从句和条件状语从句;

8. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;

9. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。

考试形式可以是单项填空、完型天空、短文填空和完成句子。

【中考范例】

1. (20xx年长沙市中考试题)

---Do you know if we will go to the cinema tomorrow?

---I think we?ll go if we ________ too much homework.

A. will have B. had C. won?t have D. don?t have

【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是条件状语从句的时态。在条件和时间状语从句里通常用一般现在是表示将来的动作。

2. (20xx年佛山市中考试题)

You have been to Tibet, _________? I was told that the snow-covered mountains were very beautiful.

A. have you B. haven?t you C. don?t you

【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是反意疑问句的构成。反意疑问句的前一部分是肯定句,后一部分就应该是否定的疑问部分,而且要和前一部分保持时态上的一致。

3. (20xx年扬州市中考试题)

---Jacky, look at that Japanese sumoist(相扑手).

---Wow, ______________!

A. How a fat man B. What a fat man

C. How fat man D. What fat man

【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是感叹句的构成。这个感叹句省略了主谓部分,只保留了感叹部分。如果以What开头,就应该是What a fat man! 如果是How开头,就应该是How fat!

4. (20xx年福建省泉州市中考试题)

---Thanks for your help.

---__________________

A. It doesn?t matter B. Don?t thank me

C. You?re welcome D. That?s right

【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是日常交际用语。回答别人的道谢通常用“That?s all right.”或”You?re welcome.”

【满分演练】

一. 选择填空

1. Don?t forget _________your book here tomorrow.

A. to take B. to bring C. taking D. bringing

2. Mrs Brown went to the cinema, ______she?

A. didn?t B. doesn?t C. wasn?t D. isn?t

3. It was half past four. Everything _______ready.

A. is B. was C. are D. were

4. ---Happy New Year!

---____________.

A. The same to you B. I?m glad to hear that

C. I?m very happy D. Thank you. It?s very kind of you.

5. I got up late yesterday. There _________no time to have breakfast.

A. has B. had C. was D. is

6. Thank you for ______me to your party.

A. invite B. inviting C. to invite D. invited

7. ---I?m sorry I took your pen by mistake yesterday.

---______________.

A. All right B. That?s right C. Right D. That?s all right

8. ---Thank you for showing me the way!

---________________.

A. The same to you B. It doesn?t matter

C. It?s a pleasure D. That?s right

9. ---Could I use your computer for a moment?

---_____________.

A. Sure B. Really C. Right D. It doesn?t matter

10. ---I just lost my bike.

---________________.

A. I wish you to buy a new one

B. You?d better buy a new one

C. I?m sorry to hear that

D. It?s always nice to ride a new one

二. 选择能代替句中划线部分的词语或短语

1.What?s A.problem B. question C. message D. wrong

2.---Thank you very much.

---A. I?m very glad. B. That?s right.

C. It doesn?t matter D. Not at all A.now B. a moment ago C. late D later on

A.stay long B. sing and dance C. enjoy yourself D. eat enough

5.---May I speak to John, please?

---Certainly.

A.Sure. B. I think so. C. I?d love to D. That?s all right.

6.---Could I speak to Jim, please?

---Sorry,he A.is at home B. is not at work C. is out D. is free A. many B. some

C. any D. only A. When B. Where C. why D. How A.give me B. pass me C. bring me D. show me A. see B. help C. call D. thank

三. 完形填空

When I __1__ in London last year, it had one of the thickest fogs(雾) in years. You could __2____ see your hand in __3___ of your face. When evening fell, it became even __4___ . All traffic __5___ to a stop. I decided to walk.

A few minutes __6___ , I couldn?t find my__7___ . Then I saw a young man and asked him to help me. He agreed. As I was following him __8__ the streets, he told me, “I know this part of London quite well. And the thick fog ___9__ to me. You see, I?m __10___ .”

1.A. is B. was C. am D. are

2. A. easily B. hard C. hardly D. even

3. A. front B. the front C. back D. the back

4. A. bad B. worse C. good D. better

5.A. began B. started C. went D came

6.A. late B. later C. early D. earlier

7.A. road B. way C. street D. home

8.A. along B. in C. through D. by

9.A. is not good B. does good

C. is nothing D. has something

10.A. strong B. week C. blind D. clever

四. 阅读理解

(A)

John was a very famous pianist. When he was a small boy, he once played at a party at the

home of a rich man. He was only eight years old. But he had played for several years. At the party he played a famous piece by Beethoven (贝多芬). He played wonderfully.

The famous piece has in it several very long rests. In each of these rests he took his hands

from the piano and waited. To him this was very exciting. But it seemed that the mother of the rich man thought differently. Finally during one of these rests she came over to him. She touched him on the head with a smile and said, “My boy, why

don?t you play us what you know well?”

根据短文内容判断正误:正确的答“A”,错误的答“B”。

1.John once played the piano at a party when he was only a little boy.

2.John began to play the piano at the age of eight.

3.In each of the rests John took his hands from the piano because he felt tired.

4.The rich man?s mother did not think John played the piece well.

5.I n fact the mother of the rich man knew the piece well.

(B)

One day, we had an English class. The teacher saw a boy reading a picture book and said, “Tom, what do you usually do after lunch?” Tom nervously(紧张地)got up from his seat, but he did not know what to answer. He thought for some time and then said, “Wait for supper.”

The teacher was displeased and just at that moment, he saw another boy asleep. The teacher was getting a little angry now, but he was trying not to show it. Then he asked, “And you, Joke?”

As Joke was asleep, of course, he could not hear what the teacher had said. His deskmate(同桌) woke him up. Joke stood up quickly and answered in a loud voice, “So do I”.

1.This story happened____________.

A. in the teacher?s office B. after lunch

C. in class D. a home

2.Tom?s answer made the teacher __________.

A. angry B. displeased C. surprising D. laughing

3.The teacher asked Joke ________.

A.what he wanted to do after class

B.what he did in class

C.the same question as he asked Tom

D.to help Tom

4.Joke?s answer meant that_______.

A.he knew what to do and what not to do after lunch

B.he did the same thing as Tom did

C.he read a picture-book

D.he did many things after lunch

5.From the above story we can see that ________.

A. Joke did not know what question the teacher had asked

B.Tom did well in his lessons

C.Joke was good at his lessons

D.Tom and Joke worked hard at their lessons

(C)

Mrs Black, the wife of a rich business man, invited some of her friends to have

lunch. She wanted to try a new way of cooking a fish, and she was very pleased with

herself when the dish was ready. As the dish was very hot, she put it near the open

window to cool for a few minutes. But, five minutes later, when she came back for it,

she was shocked(震惊)to find the neighbour?s cat at the dish. She was in time to stop

the car. That afternoon was successful and everyone enjoyed the dish very much.

They talked and laughed till four o?clock.

At the end of the afternoon, when she was alone again, Mrs Black felt tired and

happy. She was in a chair just near the window. She looked out of the window and

shocked to see the neighbour?s cat dead in her garden. Why, the fish dish must be bad!

What would happen to her friends? She at once telephoned the family doctor for

advice. The doctor told her to telephone each of the visitors to meet him at the

hospital as soon as he could. Finally the danger was over. Once again Mrs Black was alone in her chair in the sitting-room, still tired but no longer happy. Just then the telephone rang. It was her neighbour. “Oh, Mrs Black,” her neighbour cried, “My cat is dead. She was killed by someone in a car and put it in your garden.”

1.Mrs Black invited _______to lunch.

A. Mr Black?s friends B. her neighbour

C. her parents D. some of her friends

2.Why was Mrs Black not happy after she had a good party?

A.She was sad about the dead cat.

B.She found her fish dish was bad.

C.She never thought that she would have so much trouble.

D.She felt tired after she had a busy day.

3.Mrs Black________________________.

A.stopped the cat before it began to eat the fish

B.was too late to stop the cat in time

C.stopped the cat before it ate the fish up

D.stopped the cat but it was too late

4.Why was Mrs Black so shocked to see the cat dead in her garden?

A.She liked the cat very much.

B.She worried about her friends.

C.She was sure that her fish was bad.

D.She didn?t know how the cat died.

5.Finally________________.

A.Mrs Black found that all her friends were all right

B.a visitor told her that the cat was killed by someone in a car

C.Mrs Black felt happy as all her friends were safe

D.Mrs Black met all her friends at the hospital

五. 根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子

1. 收音机里说今天晚些时候雨会停的。

The radio says the rain____ ____ ____ ____today.

2. 我不喜欢冬天,因为天气太冷了。

I don?t like winter, _____it?s ____ _____.

3. 西安位于中国的西北部。

Xi?an is ______the ______of China.

4. 多好吃的面包啊!

_____ _____ bread it is!

5. 明天白天温度将保持在零度以上。

The temperature will _____ ____ _____ in the daytime tomorrow.

六. 句型转换,使第二个句子和第一个句子的意思相近或相同

1.What a hot day today!

_____ _____ it is today!

2. Most of North and South China will have a cold wet day .

____ will be cold and wet _____ most of North and South China.

3. The radio says it will be cloudy sometimes.

The radio says it will be cloudy ____ ____.

4. The snow will be heavy in some places.

It _____ _____ _____ in some places.

5. Shall we go out for a walk?

_____ _____ going out for a walk?

初二英语(下)

【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语

1. on time

2. out of

3. all by oneself

4. lots of

5. no longer

6. get back

7. sooner or later

8. run away

9. eat up

10. take care of

11. turn off

12. turn on

13. after a while

14. make faces

15. teach oneself

16. fall off

17. play the piano

18. knock at

19. to one's surprise

20. look up

21. enjoy oneself

22. help yourself

23. tell a story / stories

24. leave....behind ……

25. come along

26. hold a sports meeting

27. be neck and neck

28. as ... as

29. not so / as ... as

30. do one's best

31. take part in

32. a moment late

33. Bad luck!

34. fall behind

35. high jump

36. long jump

37. relay race

38. well done!

39. take off

40. as usual

41. a pair of

42. at once

43. hurry off

44. come to oneself

45. after a while

46. knock on

47. take care of

48. at the moment

49. set off

50. here and there

51. on watch

52. look out

53. take one?s place

II. 重要句型

1. We?d better not do sth.

2. leave one. oneself

3. find one?s way to a place

4. stand on one?s head

5. make sb. Happy

6. catch up with sb.

7. pass on sth. to somebody

8. spend time doing sth.

9. go on doing sth.

10. get on well with sb.

11. be angry with sb.

12. be fed up with sth.

13. not…until…

14. make room for sb.

III. 交际用语

1. We?re all by ourselves.

2. I fell a little afraid.

3. Don?t be afraid.

4. Help!

5. Can?t you hear anything?

6. I can?t hear anything / anybody there.

7. Maybe it?s a tiger.

8. Let?s get it back before they eat the food.

9. Did she learn all by herself?

10. Could she swim when she was …years old?

11. She didn?t hurt herself.

12. He couldn?t buy himself many nice things.

13. Did he enjoy himself?

14. Help yourselves.

15. Bad luck!

16. Come on!

17. Well done! Congratulations (to…)!

18. It must be very interesting.

19. I don?t think you?ll like it.

20. It seems to be an interesting book.

21. I?m sure (that)… I?m not sure if… I?m not sure what to…

22. I hope so.

23. What was he/she drawing when…?

24. I?m sorry to trouble you.

25. Would you please…?

26. What were you doing at ten o?clock yesterday morning?

27. You look tired today.

28. You?d better go to bed early tonight, if you can.

29. How kind!

30. Let?s move the bag, or it may cause an accident.

31. It?s really nice of you.

32. Don?t mention it.

33. Don?t crowd around him.

IV. 重要语法

1. 不定代词/副词的运用;

2. 反身代词的用法;

3. 并列句;

4. 形容词和副词的比较等级;

5. 冠词的用法;

6. 动词的过去进行时;

【名师讲解】

1. bring/take

Bring表示“带来、拿来”,指从别处朝说话人所在或将在的地方“带来、拿来”。而take则表示“拿去、带走”,它表示的方向与bring相反,指从说话人所在地“拿走、带走”。如: Bring me the book, please. 把那本书给我拿来。

Take some food to the old man. 给那位老人带去些食物。

2. somebody/ anybody/nobody

一般说来,somebody用于定句,anybody用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句。例如: Somebody came to see you when you were out. 你出来时有人来见你。

Does anybody live on this island? 有人在这岛上住吗?

I didn't see anybody there. 我在那儿谁也没看见。

Don't let anybody in. I'm too busy to see anybody. 别让任何人进来。我太忙,谁也不想见。 There is nobody in the room. 房间里没人。

Nobody told me that you were ill, so I didn't know about it . 谁也没告诉我你病了。所以我不知道。

3. listen, listen to, hear

这三个词意思都是“听”,但是它们的用法不完全相同。它们的区别在于:

(1)listen 只用于不及物动词,后面接人或人物做宾语,着重于“倾听”,指的是有意识的动作,至于是否听到,并非强调的重点。如:

Listen! Someone is singing in the classroom. 听!有人在教室唱歌。

(2)listen to 为listen的及物形式,后面一定要接人或物做宾语,这里的to是介词。如: Do you like listening to light music?你喜欢听轻音乐吗?

(3)hear 可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词,意思是“听到、听见”,指用耳朵听到了某个声音,表示无意识的动作,着重于听的能力和结果。如:

We hear with our ears.我们用耳朵听。

She listens but hears nothing.她听了听,但是什么也没有听见。

4. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little

(1)many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词;都表示许多。例如:

He has many books.他有许多书。

He drank much milk.他喝了许多牛奶。

(2)a few和a little都表示"有一点儿",侧重于肯定,相当于"some",但a few修

饰可数名词,a little修饰不可数名词,例如:

He has a few friends in London.他在伦敦有一些朋友。

Would you like some coffee? Yes, just a little.喝点咖啡好吗?好的,只要一点。

(3)few和little表示"几乎没有",侧重否定。few后接可数名词,little后接不可数名词。例如:

He is a strange man. He has few words.他是个怪人,他几乎不说什么话。

Hurry up, there is little time left.赶快,没什么时间了。

5. either/ neither/ both

either可作形容词,一般指"两者中的任何一个"。有时也可表示"两个都……"的意思,后跟名词的单数形式;neither: 指两者中没有一个,全否定;both: 指两者都,肯定。句中可作主语、宾语和定语,both后面应跟名词的复数形式。如:

Neither of the films is good.两部电影都不好。(没有一部是好的)

Either of the films is good. 两部电影都不错。(谓语动词用单数)

Both the teachers often answer the questions.这两个老师都常常解答问题。

6. take part in/join

take part in参加某种活动; join参加,加入某一政党或组织。例如:

Can you take part in my party.你能来参加我的派对吗?

We often take part in many school activities.我们经常参加学校里的一些活动。

He joined the party in 1963. 他19xx年入的党。

My little brother joined the army last year. 我小弟去年参的军。

7. quite/ rather/ very

(1)quite 表示程度“很,十分,完全地”,“相当”。如:

She is quite right.她对极了。

That's not quite what I want . 那并不完全是我所要的。

(2)rather 表示程度上的“相当”,比预想地程度要大,通常用在不喜欢的情况下。如:It's rather cold today.今天的天气相当冷。

(3)very表示程度“很,甚,极其,非常”,用于修饰形容词或副词,既可用在喜欢的情况下,也可用于不喜欢的情况下。应注意“a very +形容词+可数名词的单数”结构中,"a"应置于"very"之前,该结构相当“quite a/an +形容词+名词”的结构。如:

Two months is quite a long time. / a very long time. 两个月是一段很长的时间。

It's a very nice day / quite a nice day. 今天天气很好。

【考点扫描】

中考考点在本单元主要集中在:

1. 不定代词/副词的运用;

2. 反身代词的用法;

3. 并列句;

4. 形容词和副词的比较等级;

5. 冠词的用法;

6. 动词的过去进行时;

7. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;

8. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。

考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。

【中考范例】

1. (20xx年江西省中考试题)

---I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.

---Oh, I am sorry I ___________ dinner at my friend?s home.

A. have B. had C. was having D. have had

【解析】答案:C。该提考查的是动词的时态。表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作应用过去进行时。

2. (20xx年北京市中考试题)

---Which is _________, the sun, the moon or the earth?

---Of course the moon is.

A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest

【解析】答案:D。该提考查的是形容词的比较等级。三者进行比较,其中最小的应用最高级,而形容词最高级之前必须加顶冠词the。

3. (20xx年河北省中考试题)

Bob never does his homework _________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.

A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as

【解析】答案:B。该提考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。空白处所缺的词是修饰动词短语does his homework的,应该用副词。另外,表示“某人做事不如某人细心”应用“not as carefully as”这样的结构。

4. (20xx年吉林省中考试题)

---I like riding fast. It?s very exciting.

---Oh! You mustn?t do it like that, ________ it may have an accident.

A. and B. or C. so D. but

【解析】答案:B。该提考查的是连接并列句的并列连词的选择。And通常连接两个意思一致的并列句,so连接两个有因果关系的并列句,but连接两个有转折关系的并列句,or相当于if not意思是“否则”。

【满分演练】

一. 单项选择

1. Who jumps ________ in your class?

A. far B. farther C. farthest D. longer

2. ---I made the cake by ________. Help __________, Tom.

---Thanks, Jane.

A. ourselves; yourself B. myself; yourself

C. myself; yourselves D. ourselves; yourselves

3. There ________ a football game on TV this afternoon.

A. is going to have B. will be

C. is going to play D. will play

4. Wu Dong was _______ tired that he couldn't keep his eyes_________.

A. too, open B. so, closed C. too, closed D. so, open

5. Can you hear __________?

A. something B. anything C. nothing D. somebody

6. The students stop __________ when the teacher came in.

A. to talk B. talking C. talked D. talk

7. I told him ________ story.

A. the whole B. the all C. whole the D. all

8. Please _________ early tomorrow, mum.

A. wake up me B. wakes me up

C. wake me up D. will wake me up

9. He will go to the Great Wall if it __________ tomorrow.

A. won't rain B. doesn't rain C. don't rain D. isn't raining

10. Can you tell us _________?

A. where have you gone B. where you have gone

C. where have you been D. where you have been

11. Li Lei, sit down, please. I'll ________ you some tea.

A. take B. to bring C. get D. give

12. Don't forget to _________ your dictionary here tomorrow.

A. take B. bring C. carry D. borrow

13. He couldn't wash ________ when he was five years old.

A. his B. him C. himself D. herself

14. Why did you leave your daughter at home all by ________.

A. yourself B. himself C. herself D. myself

15. I bought my son a bike, _________ he like it a lot.

A. and B. but C. or D. at

16. _______ , Li Lei was far behind the others at first.

A. At the 800-metre race B. In the 800-metres race

C. In the 800-metre rece D. At the 800-metres race

17. My parents are teachers. They _________ teach English.

A. Both B. all C. both D. are

18. Kate is an __________ girl.

A. eight-year-old B. eight-years-old

C. six-year-old D. six-years-old

19. Who jumped _________ of all in the long jump?

A. longest B. longer C. farther D. farthest

20. The runner fell, but he quickly got up and _______.

A. went on running B. went on to run

C. went on run D. went on ran

二. 完型填空

Mr Smith came home from his office that evening, the car was back again in its usual (通常的) place 7 his house, He examined (检察) it carefully to see if (是否) it was damaged (损坏), and theatre (剧院) tickets on one of the seats (座位) and a letter, It said, “We feel very. We took your car because we had an mergency (急诊).”

very much.

When they got home, they found thieves (贼) took away everything in their house.

1. A inside B. outside C. from D. under

2. A. evening B. morning C. afternoon D. night

3. A. wasn't B. was C. left D. went

4. A. wrong B. matter C. thing D. idea

5. A. made B. let C. help D. ask

6. A. If B. Because C. When D. Before

7. A. in the front of B. in front of

C. on the front of D. on front of

8. A. many B. no C. two D. one

9. A. sorry B. afraid C. happy D. sad

10. A. helped B. taught C. hurt D. enjoyed

三. 阅读理解

(A)

Do you live in a city? Do you know how cities begin? Long ago, the world had only a few thousand people. These people moved from place to place. They moved over the land, hunting (打猎) animals for food.

No one knows how or where these people learned about growing food. But when they did, their lives (生活) changed. They didn't have to look for food any more. They could stay in one place and grow it.

People began to live near one another. And so the first villages grew.

Many people came to work in the village. These villages grew very big.

When machines came along (出现), life in the villages changed again. Factories were built (建立). More and more people lived near the factories. The cities grew very big.

Today, some people are moving back to small towns. Can you tell why?

根据短文内容判断正误:正确的答“A”,错误的答“B”。

1. Long ago, a few people could stay in one place, hunting animals for food.

2. When these people learned to grow food, their lives changed.

3. Factories were built after the cities grew big.

4. Today, some people don't live to live in big cities.

5. Everyone knows how and where cities began.

(B)

Almost everyone likes dogs, and almost everyone likes to read stories about dogs. I have a friend. He has a large police dog named Jack. Police dogs are very clever. Every Sunday afternoon my friend takes Jack for a long walk in the park. Jack like these long walks very much.

One Sunday afternoon a young man came to visit my friend. He stayed a long time. He talked and talked. Soon it was time for my friend to take Jack for his walk. But the visitor still stayed. Jack became very worried. He walked around the room several times and then sat down in front of the visitor and looked at him. But the visitor paid not attention. He went on talking. Finally Jack got angry. He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later. He sat down again in front of the visitor, but this time he took the visitor's cap in his mouth.

1. The young visitor stayed a long time, didn't he? __________.

A. Yes, he did

B. Yes, he didn't

C. No, He didn't

D. No, he did.

2. Jack became very worried because ____________.

A. he wanted to have something to eat

B. he wanted to play with him

C. he wanted to go out

D. he didn't know the young man

3. Jack sat down in front of the visitor because _____________.

A. he wanted to join the talk

B. he wanted the visitor to leave

C. he wanted the visitor to talk with him

D. he wanted to show the visitor how clever he was

4. The visitor went on talking and ________________.

A. he didn't like Jack

B. he paid no attention to Jack

C. he paid no attention to his cap

D. he didn't care that his cap was his cap was taken away by Jack

5. Jack went out of the room with nothing, but came back with ________ in his mouth.

A. something

B. nothing

C. the visitor's cap

D. the visitor's shoe

(C)

Mr White and his wife wanted to paint(油漆) the outside of their house. To save(节省) money they wanted to do it themselves. On Saturday morning they bought some paint and two brushes(刷子). They began that afternoon with the back ol the house. The next Saturday Mr White went to a football match(比赛) but his wife painted the front of the house. On Sunday they found they couldn't open any of the front windows. They got them all open in the end. But they broke three of the seven. They were very dear to mend. Next time when they want to save money they?ll certainly ask somebody to do the work.

l. Mr White wanted to paint ___________________ .

A. the front of the house B. the back of the house

C. the front windows D. the outside of the house

2. They wanted to do the work themselves because_________________ .

A. the windows were very easy to break

B. the windows were very hard to open

C. nobody could do this work well

D. they didn't want to give more money

3. The work lasted for about ___________________.

A. two days B. less than a week

C. three days D. more than a week

4. They have to ask somebody to mend the ________________ windows.

A. three B. four C . five D. seven

5. Next time they will ask somebody to work for them because

A. they want to go to football matches

B. it is no longer an interesting thing for them

C. they have no more paint and brushes

D. they really want to save some money

四. 据句意,用方框中所给词或短语填空

下载破80000初中英语语法总结初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习中考英语易错题

2.The teacher shouted to the runners_______________, “Come on! Come on!”

3.The Class 4 runner fell and ___________________the others.

4.The monkey is ___________the hat _____________the other small monkeys.

5.What are they doing ? They?re _______________do some cleaning.

6.The runner from Class 2 _____________his slick .Bad luck.

7.LingFeng and Jim were __________________at first.

8.____________________ the students ran very fast, but on the second lap they were too tired to ran farther.

9.Look! The short girl from Class 3 is beginning to ______________the girls in front.

10.At last Class One ____________________the boys? relay race.

五. 完成句子

1. 英语是我班最受欢迎的科目之一。

English is _____________ in our class.

2.请把这只盒子带到办公室去。

Please __________ to the office.

3.我们应该向雷锋同志学习。

We should _____________ comrade Lei Feng.

4.她正打算去看电影。

She _________ see a film.

5.莉莉于19xx年6月29日出生在上海。

Lily _______________.

6.见到你我很高兴。

I _________ to see you.

7.看上去她不舒服。

She seems __________sell.

8.他也喜欢开妹妹的玩笑。

He also likes to __________ his younger sister.

9.我很难算出这道题。

It is hard for me to _________ the problem.

10.你能确定他拿了第一名吗?

_______________ he got the first prize?

初三年级(上)

【知识梳理】

I. 重点短语

1. at the moment

2. used to

3. for a while

4. walk away with sth.

5. leave for some place

6. sooner or later

7. pay for

8. come up with an idea

9. think of

10. have a try

11. all over the world

12. be famous for

13. large numbers of

14. all the year round

15. no matter what

16. give up

17. for example

18. by the way

19. on business

20. so far

21. come true

22. set off

23. slow down

24. go on doing

25. wait for

26. be proud of

27. be afraid of

28. speak highly of

29. a year and a half

30. half a year

31. pick up

32. as soon as

33. keep… clean

34. take care of

35. cut down

36. make a contribution to

37. base on

38. make sure

39. take away

40. begin with

41. right now

42. as soon as possible

43. leave a message

44. all kinds of things

45. walk around

46. fall asleep

47. wake up

48. go on a trip

49. have a good time

50. take photos

51. come out

52. come on

53. have a family meeting

54. talk about

55. go for a holiday 56 go scuba diving

57. write down

58. by oneself

59. walk along

60. get a chance to do sth

61. have a wonderful time

62. book a room

63. have an accident

64. be interested in

65. use sth. to do sth.

66. make a TV show

67. be amazed at

68. take part in

69. feed on

70. get out of

II. 重要句型

1. Why don?t you do sth.?

2. make sb. Happy

3. borrow sth. from sb.

4. forget to do sth.

5. pay fro sth.

6. return sth. To sb.

7. learn sth. from sb.

8. be famous for sth.

9. No matter what…

10. be with sb.

11. go on doing sth.

12. speak highly of sb.

13. keep doing sth.

14. allow sb. To do sth.

15. encourage sb. to do sth. III. 交际用语

16. It is said that…

1. --- Excuse me, have you got …?

--- Yes, I have. (Sorry, I haven?t.)

2. --- Why don?t you …?

--- Thanks, I will.

3. --- Thanks a lot. (Thank you very much.)

--- You are welcome.

4. --- Have you ever done…?

--- Yes, I have, once. (No, never.)

5. --- I?ve just done…

--- Really?

6. ---What?s …like ?

7. --- How long have you been…?

--- Since…

8. --- Have you ever been to…?

--- I?ve never been there. (None of us has./ Only …has. )

9. --- Would you like to have a try?

--- I don?t think I can…

10. --- What have you done since…?

11. --- How long have you been at this …?

--- For…

12. --- How long has she/ he worked there…?

--- She?s / He?s worked there for… / all her / his life.

13. --- I?m sorry he isn?t here right now.

14. --- May I help you?

15. --- That?s very kind of you.

16. ---Could we go scuba diving?

17. --- Could you tell us how long we?re going to be away?

18. --- Let?s try to find some information about it, OK?

19. --- Could you please tell me how to search the Internet?

20. --- Go straight along here.

21. ---Please go to Gate 12.

22. --- Please come this way.

23. --- Could you tell me what you think about Hainan Island?

24. --- That sounds really cool!

IV. 重要语法

1. 宾语从句

2. 现在完成时

3. 一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较:

【名师讲解】

1. Maybe/ may be

(1) maybe是副词,意思是“大概,也许”,常用作状语。

Maybe you put it in your bag.也许你把它放在包里了。

“Will he come tomorrow?”“Maybe not.” “他明天来吗?”“也许不”。

(2) may be相当于是情态动词may与be动词搭配一起作谓语,意思是“也许是…,可能是…”。

It may be 9:00 when they arrive.他们可能于九点到达。

The man may be a lawyer. 那人也许是律师。

2. borrow/ lend/ keep/ use

(1) borrow表示的是从别人那里借来东西,即我们通常所说的“借进来”。

We often borrow books from our school library.我们经常从学校图书馆借书。

I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher. 我从老师那儿借来了这本字典。

borrow是一个瞬间完成的动作,因此不能与时间段连用。

You can borrow my recorder for three days. ( 错误 )

I have borrowed this book for only one week. ( 错误 )

(2) lend表示的是把自己的东西借给别人,即我们通常所说的“借出去”。

Thank you for lending me your bike.谢谢你把自行车借给我。

He often lends money to his brother.他经常借钱给他弟弟。

lend与borrow一样,也是一个瞬间完成的 动作,不能与一段时间连用。

(3) keep的意思也是“借”,但一般是指借来后的保存或使用阶段,是一段持续的时间,因

此可以与时

间段连用。

You can keep my recorder for three days.我的录音机你可以借用三天。

I have kept this book for only one week.这本书我才刚借了一星期。

(4) use也可以当“借用”讲,但它的本意是“用,使用”。

May I use your ruler? 我能借你的尺子用一下吗?

He had to use this public telephone.他不得不使用这部公用电话。

3. leave/ leave for

(1) leave意思是“离开,留下”。

We left Shanghai two years ago.我们两年前离开了上海。

He left his cell phone in the taxi last week.他上周把手机落在出租车里了。

(2) leave for意思是“前往”,表示要去的目的地。

We will leave for Tibet next month.我们将于下月去西藏。

The train is leaving for Moscow.这趟火车即将开往莫斯科。

4. since/ for

(1) since用于完成时态,既能用作介词,也能用作连词,后常接时间点,意思是“自从”。 He has been a worker since he came into this city.

自从他来到这个城市,他就是工人了。

I have never seen him since we last met in Shanghai .

自从我们上次在上海见过之后,我再也没见过他。

since作连词,还有“既然”的意思。

Since you are interested in it, just do it. 既然你对它感兴趣,那就做吧。

You can have fun now since you?ve finished your work.

既然你已经做完了功课,就开心玩会儿吧。

(2) for用于完成时,用作介词,后常接一段时间,意思是“经过…”。

I have learned English for five years.我已经学了五年英语了。

They have waited for you for 30 minutes.他们已经等了你三十分钟了。

for也可以用作连词,但意思是“因为”。

They missed the flight for they were late.他们由于完到了而误了航班。

He fell ill for many reasons.他由于多种原因病倒了。

5. neither/ either/ both

(1) neither作代词是对两者都进行否定,意思为“两者都不”,作主语时谓语动词用单数. Neither of the boys is from England.这两个男孩都不是来自英国。

I know neither of them. 他们两个我都不认识。

neither用作形容词,也修饰单数名词,意思与作代词时相同;用作连词时,一般与nor搭配,表示 “既不…也不”。作主语时,谓语动词也遵循就近原则。

She neither ate nor drank yesterday. 她昨天既不吃也不喝。

Neither he nor we play football on Sundays. 他和我们星期天都不踢球。

(2) either作代词时,是指两者中的任意一方,(两者之)每一个,故作主语时谓语动词用单数. Either of the books is new.这两本书任何一本都是新的.

She doesn?t like either of the films.这两部电影她都不喜欢.

either作形容词, 用来修饰单数名词,意思与作介词时相同.

Either school is near my home. (这两所学校中的)任何一所学校都离我家很近.

Either question is difficult.两个问题(中的任何一个)都难.

either作连词时,一般与or搭配,表示两者选其一,意思是“不是…就是”。作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。

Either he or I am right.不是他就是我是对的。

Either my sister or my parents are coming to see me.不是我姐姐就是我父母要来

看我。

(3) both作代词时,指的是所涉及到的“两者都”, 故作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 I like both of the stories.这两个故事我都喜欢。

Both of my parents are teachers.我父母两人都是老师。

both作形容词时,用来修饰两者,意思与作代词时相同.

Both his arms are hurt.他的两只胳膊都受伤了。

Both these students are good at English. 这两个学生都擅长英语。

both用作连词时,多与and搭配,表示“既…又, 不仅…而且”, 作主语时,谓语动词仍用复数形式。

Both piano and violin are my bobbies.钢琴和小提琴都是我的爱好。

They study both history and physics. 他们既学历史,又学物理。

6. find/look for/ find out

(1) find强调找的结果,意思是“找到”。此外还有“发现,发觉”的意思,后可接宾语从句。

Jim couldn?t find his hat.吉姆找不着帽子了。

Have you found your lost keys? 你找到丢失的钥匙了吗?

He found the lights were on along the street.他发现沿街的灯都亮了

(2) look for的意思为“寻找”,指的是找的动作而非结果。另外,还有“盼望,期待”的意思。

She is looking for her son.她正在找她的儿子。

We?ve been looking for the car since early this morning.我们从今天一大早就开始找这辆车了。

I look for the coming holiday.我期待着即将来临的假期。

(3) find out含有经过观察、研究或探索而得知的意思,后常接较抽象的事物,意思是“找出,

发现,查明(真相)”等。

I can find out who took my money away.我能查出谁拿了我的钱。

Could you find out when the plane arrives? 你能设法知道飞机何时到吗?

7. forget to do/ forget doing

(1) forget to do是指忘记去做某件事了,即该事还没有做。

Please don?t forget to call this afternoon.今天下午不要忘了给我打电话。

I forgot to take some small change with me.我身上忘了带零钱了。

(2) forget doing是指忘记某件已经做过的事情,即该事已经做了,但被忘记了。

He forgot telling me his address.他忘了告诉过我地址了。

They forgot having been here before.他们忘了以前曾来过这儿。

8. stop doing/ stop to do

(1) stop doing是指停止做某事,即doing这个动作不再继续。

They stopped debating.他们停止了辩论。(不辩论了)

He had to stop driving as the traffic lights changed in to red. 由于交通灯变成了红色,他不得不停车。

(2) stop to do是指停下来开始做另一件事,即停止原先的事,开始做do这个动作。

She stopped to have a rest.她停下来休息会儿。(开始休息)

They stopped to talk.他们停下来开始交谈。

9. except/ besides

(1) except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”,可以理解为“撇开…不谈”,表示两部分的不同。

Everyone is excited except me.

除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动,而我却不激动)

All the visitors are Japanese except him.

除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)

(2)besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”,可以理解为“除之外…还、除之外…又”,表示两部分

的相似性。

Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him.

除他以外,还有25个学生去看了电影。(他和另外25人都去了)

We like biology besides English.

除了英语外,我们还喜欢生物。(生物和英语都喜欢)

besides还可用作副词,意思是“此外;而且”,常用于句首或句尾。

He is a great thinker, and besides, he is a politician.

他是一名伟大的思想家,除此以外,他还是一位政治家。

They encouraged me, and they supported me with money, besides.

他们不仅鼓励我,而且与我以金钱上的支持。

10. keep doing/ keep on doing

(1) keep doing指的是连续地、坚持不断地做某事,中间不间断。

It kept blowing for a whole day.刮了一整天风了。

The temperature keeps dropping.温度持续下降。

(2) keep on doing是指反复坚持做某事,但动作之间略有间隔。

They have kept on writing to each other for many years.他们已经互相通信多年了。 After drinking some water, he kept on talking.喝了一些水后,他坚持讲话。

11. seem/ look

(1) seem一般着重于以客观迹象为依据,意思是“似乎、好象、看起来…”。

The baby seems to be happy.婴儿看上去似乎很高兴。

He seemed to be sorry for that.他似乎为那件事感到抱歉。

seem能与to do结构连用,而look不能。

It seems to rain. 似乎要下雨了。

They seemed to have finished their work.他们似乎已经完成了工作。

在it作形式主语的句型中只能用seem。

It seems that he is quite busy now.他现在看起来很忙。

It seems to us that there is nothing serious.在我看来没什么大不了的。

(2) look用作“看起来;好像”时,常从物体的外观或样貌上来判断,是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的。

The room looks clean.这间房看起来很干净。

The girl looks like her mother.那女孩看起来向她的妈妈。

12. such/ so

(1)such常用作形容词,用来修饰名词。

Don?t be such a fool.别这么傻。

He is such a clever boy.他是如此聪明的一个男孩。

(2) so是副词,用来修饰形容词或副词。

He is so kind! 他真好心!

Why did you come so late? 你为何回来得如此晚?

当名词前有many, much, few, little等表示多、少时,应该用so。

He has so many friends.他有如此多的朋友。

Only so little time is left! 才剩这么一点儿时间!

13. either/ too/ also

(1)either用作“也”时是副词,常用于否定句句尾。

She is not a Japanese, I?m not, either.她不是日本人,我也不是。

My sister doesn?t like this song, either.我妹妹也不喜欢这首歌。

(2)too常用于肯定句或疑问句尾,表示“也”。

He likes China, too.他也喜欢中国。

Are you in Grade 3, too? 你也在三年级吗?

(3)also也常用于肯定句或疑问句,但一般位于句中。

We are also students.我们也是学生。

He also went there on foot.他也是走着去的。

Did you also want to have a look? 你也想看看吗?

14. if/ whether

在下列情况下只能用whether而非if:

(1)与or not连用时,只能用whether.

We want to know whether you are ill or not. 我们想知道你是否生病了。 Please tell me whether or not you have finished your work.

请告诉我们你是否完成了工作。

(2)后接动词不定式时,只能用whether.

Adam didn?t know whether to go or stay.亚当不知道是走还是留。

He hasn?t decided whether to have dinner with me.他还没决定是否和我共进晚 餐。

(3)所引导的宾语从句放在主句之前时,只能用whether.

Whether it will rain or snow, we don?t mind. 我们不在乎将要刮风还是下雨。 Whether I won or lost, she didn?t want to know.我是赢是输她不想知道。

(4)引导主语从句或表语从句时,一般用whether.

The most important was whether they had gone.最重要的是他们是不是已经 走了。

Whether he will go with me is a secret.他是否会和我一起去还是个秘密。

if能引导条件状语从句,表示“如果,假如”,而whether没有此用法。

We?ll have a football match if it doesn?t rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我们

要进行足球赛。

I?ll tell him if I sees him.我看见他就告诉他。

If you?re in danger, please call 110.如果你遇到危险,请拨打110。

15. cost/ spend/ pay/ take

(1) cost一般用某物来做主语,表示“(某物)值…、花费…”,既能指花费时

间也能指金钱。

The new bike costs me 300 yuan.这辆新自行车花了我三百元。

It will cost you a whole to read through this book.通读这本书将会花费你整整

一周时间。

cost 还可以用作名词,表示“成本、费用、价格、代价”等。

What?s the cost of this TV set? 这台电视机的成本是多少钱?

They succeeded at the cost of hard work.他们辛苦地工作换来的成功。

(2) spend一般用某人来作主语,表示“(某人)花费…,付出…”,也能指时间或金钱,指时间时常与 in搭配,指金钱时常与on或for搭配。

We spent two days in repairing this machine.我们花了两天时间修理这台机器。 Mr. Lee spends $20 on books every month.李先生每月花二十美元在书上。

(3) pay用作动词时,一般也以某人作主语,但一般指花钱、付款等,很少用来指花费时间。常与for搭配使用。

They paid 70 yuan for the tickets.他们花了七十元买票。

He was too poor to pay for his schooling.他穷得交不起学费。

pay还可以用作名词,意思为“薪水、工资”等。

It?s hard for me to live with such low pay.我很难靠这么低的薪水生活下去。

(4)take也指“花费(时间、金钱)”,但通常用某事、某物做主语,或用形式主语it. How long will the meeting take? 会议要开多久?

It took me several hours to get there. 我花了几个小时才到那儿。

16. bad/ badly

这两个词的意思含有“坏、糟、严重”等意思,且它们有共同的比较级worse和最高级worst 。

(1) bad是一个形容词,意思是“坏的,糟糕的,差的,严重的”。

I don?t think he is a bad person.我并不认为他是一个坏人。

I had a bad headache.我的头疼得很厉害。

(2)badly是一个副词,意思是“不好地,差”,也可以表示程度,意为“严重地,非常,极度”。

We need help badly.我们急需帮助。

His arm was badly hurt.他的胳膊严重受伤了。

17. interested/ interesting

(1) interested是指“对…产生兴趣的,对…感兴趣的”,一般用人做主语,后常用介词in. He was interested in biology before.他以前对生物感兴趣。

I?m not interested in art.我对艺术不感兴趣。

(2)interesting的意思是“有趣的”,指能够给人带来兴趣的某人或某事物。

He is an interesting old man.他是个有趣的老头。

The interesting story attracted me. 这个有趣的故事吸引了我。

18. dead/ die/ death/ dying

(1) dead是形容词,意思为“死了的、无生命的”,表示状态,可以与一段时间连用。 The tree has been dead for ten years.这棵树死了有十年了。

The rabbits are all dead. 这些兔子都是死的。

(2) die是动词,意思为“死、死亡”,是一个瞬间动词,不能与一段时间连用。

My grandpa died two years ago.我爷爷两年前去世了。

The old man died of cancer.老人死于癌症。

(3) death是名词,意思为“死亡、去世”等。

The memorial hall was built one year after his death.

他死后一年,纪念馆建成了。

His death is a great loss to us.他的死是我们的巨大损失。

(4) dying 是die的现在分词,用作形容词,意思是“垂死的、即将死去的”。

The doctors have saved the dying man.医生们救活了那个垂死的人。

The poor dog had no food, it was dying.可怜的狗没有食物,快要饿死了。

【考点扫描】

中考考点在本单元主要集中在:

1. 宾语从句的时态和语序;

2. 一般过去时和过去完成时的用法区别;

3. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;

4. 本单元学习的日常交际用语。

考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。

【中考范例】

1. (20xx年北京市海淀区中考试题)

---Do you know ________________?

---Only ten months old.

A. when does Tiger Woods start golfing

B. when did Tiger Woods start golfing

C. when Tiger Woods starts golfing

D. when Tiger Woods started golfing

【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是宾语从句的时态和语序。这个宾语从句的时态应用一般过去时,应为这里说的是过去的事情。语序应用陈述句的语序,所以正确答案是: when Tiger Woods started golfing。

2. (20xx年北京市海淀区中考试题)

I?m interested in animals, so I _____________ every Saturday working in an animal

hospital.

A. pay B. get C. take D. spend

【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是pay, get, take和spend这四个动词的用法区别。只有动词spend可以用在sb. spends time doing sth. 这个句型里,所以正确答案影视spend。

3. (20xx年天津市中考试题)

Could I ________ your telephone? I have something important to tell my parents.

A. keep B. borrow C. use D. lend

【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是keep, borrow, use和lend四个动词的用法区别。keep的真正含义是“保留”,borrow的含义是“借入”,lend的含义是“借出”,只有use的含义是“使用”。在这个句子里实际上是“使用”的意思,所以应选use。

4. (20xx年鄂州市中考试题)

---Hi, Ann. Where?s your brother? I need his help.

---He left home two weeks ago and ________away ever since.

A. is B. was C. has been D. had been

【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是动词时态的用法区别。一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或现在所处的状态;一般过去时表示过去的动作或过去所处的状态;过去完成时表示过去的动作或过去的时间以前发生的事情;现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在或刚刚结束。这里只能用现在完成时。

【满分演练】

一. 单项填空

1. Mr Green asked the children to _____the words in the dictionary.

A. look at B. look up C. look for D. look after

2. May I _____ your bike? Certainly, but you can't _____it to other.

A. lend, lend B. borrow, lend C. borrow, borrow D. lend, borrow

3. Mr Brown _____in China since 20 years ago.

A. worked B. works C. is working D. has worked

4. There______ be many trees here two years ago.

A. is B. are C. use to D. used to

5. Neither my brother nor I ____a doctor.

A.is B.am C.are D.be

6. ____of my parents ____ watching TY.

A.Both, likes B.Either, like C.Neither, like D.Neither, likes

7. I really don't know ____ next. Can you tell me ?

A.how to do B.what to do C.how will I do it D.what to do it

8. He has lived here ___ 1965.

A. since B. for C. in D. from

9. If you are tired, please stop ___ a rest.

A. having B. have C. to have D. has

10.She has never come to the farm before, _____ she?

A. has B. hasn't C. does D. doesn't

11. It is ____book that I have ____ it twice.

A.such an interesting…seen B.so an interesting…read

C.so interesting…looked D.such an interesting…read

12. The doctor was busy ____ on the boy at that time.

A.operate B.to operate C.operated D.operating

13. The policeman told the children _____play in the street.

A. didn't B. to not C. not to D. don't

14. Mother returned home _____earlier than Father that evening.

A. very B. too C. more D. much

15. I won't go to see the film tonight, because I ______ my ticket.

A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose

二. 完形填空

Children like to copy(模仿) what they hear. They copy their parents,their friends and even the TV. This teaches them how to speak the language. Copying also does good to students of a second ____1______. When you listen to foreigners speak English,_____2_____ what they say as loudly as you can.

Children don?t practise grammar, but use the language to ____3_____ that interests them. They don?t ____4_____ their vocabulary or poor grammar. They find ways to ____5_____ themselves,and they do it successfully.

Students of English should also pay their attention to ______6______. Look for chances to talk with people in English. If you can?t find a ____7____ to talk to, talk with other students of English instead. _____8_____ an English discussion and talk about music, movies or whatever _____9_____you. Don?t worry about _____10___. The objective(目标) is to earn how to communicate(交流) easily and comfortably. Remember that you can communicate successfully even with a small vocabulary.

1. A. year B. grade C. language D. country

2. A. repeat B. hear C. believe D. remember

3. A. write letters B. keep diaries C. talk to people D. talk about things

4. A. look for B. complain about C. laugh at D. go over

5. A. enjoy B. help C. relax D. express

6. A. grammar B. vocabulary C. communication D. English

7. A. foreigner B. topic C. chance D. visitor

8. A. Start B. Build C. Use D. Make

9. A. understands B. interests C. improves D. allows

10. A. lessons B. exams C. wasting time D. making mistakes

三. 阅读理解

(A)

We can see walls everywhere in the world. But the Great Wall of China is the

biggest of all. The Chinese call it "The Ten-thousand-Li Great Wall". It is in fact

more than 6,000 kilometres long. It is 4-5 metres wide. In most places, five horses or

ten men can walk side by side.

When you visit the Great Wall, you can't help wondering how the Chinese

people were able to build such a great wall thousands of years ago. Without any modern machine, it was really very difficult to build it. They had to do all the work by hand. It took millions of men

hundreds of years to build it.

The Great Wall has a history of over two thousand years. The kings began to build the first parts of it around two thousand seven hundred years ago. Then Qin Shihuang had all the walls joined up. He thought that could keep the enemy out of the country.

Today the Great Wall has become a place of interest. Not only Chinese people but also people from all over the world come to visit it.

1. The Great Wall is the biggest of all walls in _________.

A. China B. Europe C. the world D. Asia (亚洲)

2. How long is the Great Wall?

A. It's less than six hundred kilometres. B. It's over six million kilometres.

C. It's six thousand kilometres. D. It's more than six thousand kilometres.

3. It took _____ men ______ years to build the Great Wall.

A. millions; millions B. hundreds of; hundreds of

C. millions of; hundreds of D. hundreds of; millions of

4.The Great Wall was built ______________.

A. by people all over the world B. without any modern machines

C. with some other countries' help D. by all Chinese kings

5. Qin Shihuang thought the Great Wall could _________.

A. keep the enemy out of his country B. keep his body in it

C. be visited by all the people D. make his country beautiful

(B)

In 776 B.C. the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor Greeks' chief god, Zeus(向希腊主要神祗宙斯献礼). The Greeks praised (注重)physical fitness and strength in their education of youth. Therefore, running, boxing, horse-racing, discus throwing and so on were held in each city and the winners competed every four years at Mount Olympus. Winners were greatly honored by having olive wreaths(橄榄枝花环)placed on their heads and having poems sung about their deeds. Originally(起初)these were held as games of friendship, and any wars that were going on were stopped to allow the games .

The Greeks regarded these games as so important that they counted time in four-year cycles called "Olympiads" dating from 776 B.C.

1. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The first Olympic Games were held to celebrate.

B. Winners were greatly honored by having olive wreaths placed on their heads.

C. Battles were stopped to let the games take place.

D. Poems were sung in the honor of winners.

2 Nearly how many years ago did these games start?

A. 776 years. B. 1250 years. C. 2278 years. D. 2760 years.

3. Which of the following matches was not mentioned in the passage ?

A. Discus throwing B. Boxing C. Skating D. Running

4. What conclusion can we reach about the ancient Greeks ?

A. They liked to fight.

B. They were very good at sports.

C. They liked a lot of ceremony (仪式).

D. They couldn't count, so that they used "Olympiads" for dates.

(C)

Over thirty thousand years ago people from northern Asia went to America. Today, we call these people Indians.

The Indians went to America because the weather began to change. Northern Asia became very cold. Everything froze. They had to move or die. How did the first Indians go to America? They walked!

Later Columbus found the New World in 1492. At first, only a few Europeans followed. They traveled to America in boats. For the next three hundred years, about 500,000 people went there. Then the number grew very quickly. From 1815 to 1915, over thirty-two million Europeans left their countries and went to the United States. The biggest groups were from Germany and Italy. These Europeans spoke many different languages. Most of them took almost no money. They went to America so that they could find a better life.

1. __________ went to America first.

A. People from northern Asia

B. People from Europe

C. People from Germany

D. Columbus

2. Why did the Indians go to America? Because ________.

A. northern Asia became very hot

B. northern Asia became very cold

C. they were interested in America

D. they liked traveling

3. The New World was ___________.

A. Italy B. northern Asia C. Germany D. America

4. The first Europeans went to America _______________.

A. by ship B. by bike C. by boat D. by train

5. These Europeans ______________.

A. didn't speak the same language

B. spoke English only

C. spoke German only

D. spoke both English and German

6. The Europeans went to America in order to _________.

A. find the New World

B. find a better life

C. build more boats

D. learn English

四. 补全对话: 给下面对话的空白处填上适当的词,使对话通顺,符合逻辑。 ( Jim and Han Li are talking about the coming summer holiday.)

Ben: Hello, Han li, where are you going for your summer holiday?

Han Li: I'm ___1___ sure. I'm thinking ___2___ going to Guilin. What about you? Ben: I'm going to Chongqing and Wuhan ___3___ my parents.

Han Li: ___4___ are you going there?

Ben: First we'll fly to Wuhan, and then go to Chongqing ___5___ ship.

Han Li: That's a good idea. I'm sure you'll enjoy it. Wish you a pleasant journey! Ben: Thank you!

五. 完成句子: 根据汉语句子的意思,完成下列英语句子。

1. 你为什么把收音机开这么大声?

______ do you turn your radio so loud _____ ?

2. 整个会议将持续3个小时。

The whole meeting will ______ ______ 3 hours.

3. 我们都喜欢跟那只小狗玩。

We all like ______ ______ with the dog.

4. 很抱歉,我没有带食物。

I'm sorry, I don't ______ any food ______ me.

5 .你的新录音机是什么样?

What ______ your new recorder ______ ?

6. 谢谢你告诉我这个消息。

Thank you ______ ______ me the news.

7. 昨晚他们直到十一点才停止谈话。

They ______ stop talking ______ 11 o'clock last night.

8. 这是一封露茜写给小帆的信。

This is a letter ______ Lucy ______ Xiaofan.

初三年级(中)

【知识梳理】

I. 重点短语

1. give up

2. try out

3. most of

4. not…any more

5. at the age of

6. at that time

7. send message by telegraph

8. graduate from

9. turn down

10. put up

11. at the top of

12. get together

13. from house to house

14. at the end of

15. on top of

16. as well

17. climb down

18. in a single night

19. even though

20. live on

21. once upon a time

22. according to

23. keep warm

24. on the other hand

25. on show

26. on display

27. in the future

28. look up

29. Tree Planting Day

30. just right

31. as often as possible

32. wash away

33. in this way

34. in a few years' time

35. point to

36. thanks to

37. more or less

38. so far

39. shut down

40. send up

41. put off

II. 重要句型

1.set one's mind to do sth.

2. put … together

3. stop…from…

4. keep…from…

5. be filled with sth.

6. give birth to

7. be covered with

8. be made of

9. fill…with…

10. match…with

11. be used for

12. have nothing to do with

13. come up with

14. no matter how…

15. keep sb./sth.warm

III. 交际用语

1. ---I'm trying to …

2. --- I'll …

3. --- Which of these would you like most to …?

4. --- What do you want to … ?

5. --- I want to…

6. --- I hope to …

7. --- I plan to…

8. --- I'm going to…

9. --- I'm so happy that …

10. --- I'm glad ….

11. --- me too.

12. --- What's this called in English?

13. --- What's it made of?

14. --- It's made of …

15. --- What's it used for?

16. --- It's used for …

17. --- English is widely used for business/ …

18. --- It is one of the world's most important languages as it is so widely used.

19. --- Where is / are … grown / produced / made ?

20. --- The (ground ) must be just right…

21. --- It's best to …

22. --- The hole should not be too deep.

23. --- The Great Green Wall is 7000 kilometres long, and between 400 and 1700 kilometres wide.

24. --- The more, the better.

25. --- More or less!

26. --- The (ground ) must be just right…

27. --- The hole should not be too deep.

28. 掌握以下常见标志:

ENTRANCE EXIT PUSH PULL NO SMOKING NO PARKING

FRAGILE THIS SIDE UP NO PHOTOS DANGER BUSINESS HOURS

PLAY STOP PAUSE ON OFF

IV. 重要语法

1. 动词被动语态的结构和用法;

2. 动词不定式的功能和用法。

【名师讲解】

1. be able to/ can

(1) 都能表示“能够,具备干某件事的能力”这个含义,此时可以互换。

Mr. Green is able to finish the work on time.

= Mr. Green can finish the work on time.

格林先生能够按时完成这项工作。

(2) be able to可以用于各种时态,而can 为情态动词,多用于现在时,其过去式为could。

We are sure he will be able to be an artist when he grows up.

我们相信他长大后能够成为一名画家。

Miss Lin has been able to pay the car by herself.

林小姐已经能够自己负担那辆车了。

(4) Can除了表示“能够,有能力做某事”以外,还有如下用法,而be able to 则没有。表

示请求,但语

气没有could委婉

Can I have a look at this picture? 我能看看这张图片吗?

Can we leave school after 6:00 p.m. ?我们可以在下午6点之后再离开学校吗?

表示可能性。

That man can?t be our new teacher. 那人不可能是我们的新老师。

The exam can?t be too difficult.考试不会太难。

2. bring/ take/carry/fetch

(1) bring一般是指拿来,即从别处往说话人这里拿,翻译成“带来”。

He brought us some good news.他给我们带来了一些好消息。

Please don?t forget to bring your homework tomorrow.

明天请别忘了把家庭作业带来。

(2) take一般是指从说话人这里往别处拿,翻译成“带走”。

Please take the umbrella with you. It?s going to rain.要下雨了,请把伞带上。

She took the dictionary away.她把字典拿走了。

(3) carry不强调方向,表示“携带、背着、运送、搬扛”等意思。

They carried the boxes into the factory. 他们把箱子搬进了工厂。

A taxi carried them to the station. 出租车送他们到了车站

(4) fetch表示的是“去取来、去拿来、去叫来”等意思,包含去和来两趟。

The waiter fetched them some apples.侍者为他们取来了一些苹果。

Mother fetched the doctor for her ill son.妈妈为生病的儿子请来了医生。

3. whole/ all

(1) whole强调一个完整如一,互不分割的整体。

The whole country is suffering the war. 整个国家正遭遇战争。

I just want to know the whole story.我仅仅只想知道完整的故事。

whole在句中的位置是放在所有格,冠词和指示代词的之后。

They will spend their whole holiday in Canada.

他们将到加拿大渡过整个假期。(所有格后)

She has finished writing the whole book. 她已经写完了整本书。(冠词后

whole用来修饰可数名词(名词用单数)。

He ate the whole cake. 他把整个蛋糕都吃了。(强调整整一个蛋糕)

(2) all强调由一个个部分组成的“全部”。

Miss Green knew all the students in the class.

格林小姐认识这个班上的所有人。(一个一个全认识)

all在句中的位置是放在所有格,定冠词和指示代词的之前。

Jim finished all his homework in twenty minutes.

吉姆在20分钟之内完成了所有的作业。(所有格前)

Of all the boys here, he sings best.在这里所有的男孩之中,他唱的最好。(定冠词前) The boy can answer all these questions.那个男孩能够回答所有的这些问题。(指示代词前)

all既能修饰可数名词(名词须用复数),又能修饰不可数名词。

All these five books are mine.这五本书都是我的。(修饰可数名词)

She was worried about her son all the time.她总在为她的儿子担心。(修饰不可数名词)

4. fill/ full

(1) fill常作动词,与with连用,意思是“注满、装满”,也能表示“填空;补缺”的意思。 He filled the box with chalk.他把粉笔装满了盒子。

The bucket is filled with water.水桶里装满了水。

(2) full是形容词,翻译成“满的,装满的”,常与of连用。此外还能表示“完全的”和“吃饱的,过饱的”。

All the rooms are full of people.所有的房间都满人了。

The bus was full. He had to wait for the next one.这辆车人满了,他只有等下一辆。

5. be made of/ be made from/ be made in/ be made into

(1) be made of表示"由…制成", 一般指能够看出原材料,或发生的是物理变化。

This table cloth is made of paper.这张桌布是由纸做的。

This salad is made of apples and strawberries.这种沙拉是由苹果和草莓做的。

(2) be made from也表示"由…制成",但一般指看不出原材料,或发生的是化学变化。 Bread is made from corn.面包是小麦做的。

The lifeboat is made from some special material.这个救生艇是由某种特殊材料制成的。

(3) be made in指的是产地,意思为"于…制造"。

The caps are made in Russia.这些帽子产于俄罗斯。

My mother likes to buy things which are made in China.

我妈妈喜欢买中国产的东西。

(4) be made into的意思为"被制成为…"。

This piece of wood will be made into a small bench. 这块木头将要被制成一个小凳。 The paper has been made into clothes for the doll. 纸被做成了洋娃娃的衣服。

6. none/ no one/ neither

(1) none既能指人,又能指物,意思是"没有一个,无一",常用作代词,与of连用。 None of us has heard of him before.我们没有一个人以前听说过他。

I like none of the coats. 那些外套我一件都不喜欢。

none用作主语时,谓语动词用单复数皆可。

None of the answers is true.没有一个答案是正确的。

None of the rooms are mine.没有一间房子是我的。

(2) no one只能用来指人,且不能与of连用。

No one is absent.没有人缺席。

I knew no one there.那里我一个人也不认识。

no one用作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数。

No one agrees with you. 没有人同意你的说法。

(3) neither作代词是对两者都进行否定,意思为"两者都不",作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Neither of the boys is from England. 这两个男孩都不是来自英国。

I know neither of them.他们两个我都不认识。

7. found/ find

(1) find的意思是"找到、发现",其过去式和过去分词都是found.

I can't find my glasses.我找不着我的眼镜了。

He found it boring to sit here alone.他发现独自坐在这里很没劲。

(2) found是另外一个词,与find并没有关系,意思是"成立、建设",常用作及物动词。 The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.中华人民共和国成立于19xx年。 The school was founded by the local residents.这所学校是由当地居民修建的。

8. hear / hear of/ hear from

(1)hear的意思是"听见;听说,得知",后面能接名词、代词或宾语从句。

We heard the news just a moment ago.我刚听说这个消息。

Can you hear me? 能听见我说话吗?

(2) hear of的意思是"听说",一般指非直接的听见,而是听别人说的。后不能接宾语从句。 I have never heard of her.我从未听说过她。

They heard of the film long time ago.他们很久以前就听说过这部电影。

(3) hear from的意思是"收到来信",与"听"无关。

I often hear from him. 我经常收到他的来信。

He hasn't heard from his mother for a long time.他很久没有收到妈妈的信了

9. send/ send for

(1) send意思是"送往,派遣",还有"发信,寄信"的意思。

The company sent him to study abroad.公司派他到国外学习去了。

Mr. Brown sent her children away.布郎夫人送走了孩子们。

(2) send for意思是"召唤;派人去取;派人去拿",而非本人亲自去。

They have sent for a repairman.他们已经派人去请了一名修理工。

She sent for some flowers.她派了人去买花。

10. get to/ arrive/ reach

(1) arrive后不能直接接地点,是一个不及物动词。若表示到达一个相对大的地点,用arrive in ; 若表示相对小的地点,用arrive at .

The delegation will arrive in China at 5:00 p.m.代表团将于下午5:00到达北京。

It was dark when they arrived at the railway station.当他们到达火车站的时候,天已经黑了。 When did she arrive here last time? 她上次是什么时候到这儿的?(副词前省略介词)

(2) reach能直接接所到达的地点,是一个及物动词。

They reached London on Friday.他们星期五到达了伦敦。

The news only reached me yesterday.我于昨天才接到这个消息。

reach还有"伸手去取,伸手触及,联络"等意思。

Can you reach that apple on the tree? 你能够到树上的哪个苹果吗?

He can always be reached on the phone.可随时打电话跟他联系。

(3) get在表示"到达"时是不及物动词,应与to搭配使用。

We often get to school on foot.我们经常步行到学校。

They got to the top of the hill at noon.他们于中午到达了山顶。

【考点扫描】

中考考点在本单元主要集中在:

1. 动词被动语态的结构和用法;

2. 动词不定式的功能和用法;

3. 本单元的词汇、短语和句型;

4. 本单元学过的交际用语。

考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。

【中考范例】

1. (20xx年北京市中考试题)

Aunt Li often asks her son ________ too much meat. It?s bad for his health.

A. don?t eat B. not to eat C. not eat D. to not eat

【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是动词不定式的构成和用法。这个句子的基本句型是ask sb. not to do sth. 这里,not to eat 是不定式的否定式做宾语补足语。

2. (20xx年嘉兴市中考试题)

China is becoming stronger and stronger, so Chinese ________ in more American schools now.

A. was taught B. is taught C. teaches D. taught

【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是动词的语态和时态。Chinese 是一种语言,只能被人教,因此要用被动语态。又因为说的现在的情况,动词要用一般现在时。所以选B。

3. (20xx年河北省中考试题)

This painting ________ to a museum in New York in 1977.

A. sells B. sold C. was sold D. is sold

【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是动词的语态和时态。This painting只能被卖,所以用被动语态,又因为是19xx年卖的,所以用一般过去时。

4. (20xx年扬州市中考试题)

---If you ________ a new idea, please call me as soon as possible.

---Sure, I will.

A. keep up with B. catch up with C. feed up with D. come up with

【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是短语动词用法。本单元学习的短语动词come up with a new idea意思是想出新主意,正符合题意。

【满分演练】

一. 选择填空。

1. The boy is too hungry, he has already eaten an apple, but he asks for_______ one.

A. the other B. other C. another D. others

2. It?s going to rain. You?d better __________ there.

A. don?t go B. to not go C. not to go D. not go

3. He spent much time __________ the work.

A. at B. in C. on D. for

4. Mr Green would like to meet the headmaster _______ 8:00 ______ 9:00 tomorrow

morning.

A. from; to B. at; at C. between; and D. from; and

5. When _______ his uncle _________?

A. did; dead B. has; died C. did; die D. has; been dead

6. They ________ this city last week.

A. reached to B. got C. arrived D arrived in

7. The TV set doesn't ______ too much. I can afford it.

A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay

8. His father will be back from Beijing ________a month.

A. between B. after C. in D. for

9. He read nothing, _________he?

A. does B. doesn?t C. did D. didn?t

10. There?s _____ milk in the bottle, is there?

A. little B. few C. a little D. a few

11. Look, there is a map of China ______ the two windows.

A. between B. among C. about D. in

12. Two languages are very _____ used. One is English, Chinese is ______ one.

A. wide, another B. widely, the others C. wide, the other D. widely, the other

13. I was badly ill yesterday. That's ______ I didn't go to school.

A. why B. because C. as D. since

14. " Have a good time this weekend!" " ________."

A. That's OK B. Thanks. The same to you.

C. That's all right. D. Have a better time than me.

15. ______ of the money is yours.

A. None B. No one C. Neither D. Nothing

16. ______ of the apples are red.

A. One thirds B. First third C. Two third D. Two thirds

17. It's getting dark. You'd better ______ out alone.

A. don't go B. not to go C. not going D. not go

18. His home is ______ the northeast of China.

A. among B. in C. at D. to

19. All the old things were invented ______ ago.

A. hundreds of year B. hundreds of years

C. a hundreds of years D. a hundred of years

20. Jack likes to ______ others, but never writes to them.

A. hear of B. hear about C. hear from D. hear

二. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空.

1. This job can _________ quite quickly. (do)

2. ________ you ________ your homework yet? (finish)

3. That pen isn't yours. It's _________ .(her)

4. Can you help __________ with my English?(I)

5. Lin Lin is the __________ in our class.(young)

6. Who is _____________, Mike or Jack ? (tall)

7. We live on the ___________floor. (twenty)

8. English _________ in many countries today. (speak)

9. I __________ born on July 2nd, 1989. ( be)

10. You?d better __________ here as soon as possible. (leave)

三. 完型填空

a horse came up to him. But the farmer?s heartfarmer or a poor man like him to come along and help him. He couldn?t ask such a great man to the farmer, “I see youelp, friend. How good it is that I?m here just at the right time.” Then he took one end of the bag, the farmer took the other, they together raised it and put it on the horse.

“Sir,” asked the farmer, “how can I pay you?”

“It?s quite easy.” The gre “Wherever you see anyone else in trouble, do the same for him.”

1. A. fall B. fell C. falling D. fallen

2. A. what B. how C. that D. it

3. A. very B. so C. quite D. too

4. A. lend B. ask C. borrow D. gave

5. A. riding B. ride C. rode D. rides

6. A. falls B. sinks C. sank D. rose

7. A. poor B. great C. good D. bad

8. A. surprised B. surprising

C. surprise D. surprises

9. A. needs B. need C. to need D. needed

10. A. smiles B. smile C. a smile D. an smile

四. 阅读理解

(A)

The war finally ended in 1945. During the next years, two great things

happened-my dad came home from the army, and I was born! I was the first child, but I wasn't alone for long. In the next four years, my mother had three more boys.

It was great having a big family! The four of us were very close in age, so we played

together all the time. We liked the game “policemen and thieves” best. It was exciting.

Everybody always wanted to be a thief. Of course, someone had to be the policeman,

and it was usually me.

Well, I have grown up now, but I still love the game. There is only one thing

different. I'm a real policeman, Policeman Joe, so it's not a game any more.

判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。符合的用“A”表示;不符合的用“B”表示.

1. Joe's father was once a soldier.

2. During the war his father came back home.

3. Joe was the youngest child in the family.

4. He got on well with his brothers.

5. He always had to be the thief in the game.

(B)

Michael Jordan is the most famous basketball player in the world. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He didn?t like to talk to other people about himself. He was very short. He didn?t play very well when he joined the basketball team in his high school at first. But the next year things changed greatly for him as he grew much taller.

Michael Jordan became famous when he joined the university basketball team in North Carolina. Michael used his speed and strength(力量) to reach the basket again. He played so well that people called him “Air Jordan”.

After college, Michael became a basketball team member in the Chicago Bulls. The NBA was very surprised at this high-flying player. He was named “Rookie”(新秀) of the year in 1985 and “Most Valuable(价值的) Player” in 1987. He once set

a record(创纪录) by getting 63 points in one game.

1. Jordan is a basketball superstar in ____________________.

A. England

B. America

C. Canada

D. Japan

2. When he joined the basketball team in his high school, he ___________ at first.

A. didn?t play very well

B. played very well

C. grew much taller

D. set a record

3. He began to become famous in __________________________.

A. the university basketball team

B. the NBA

C. his high school at first

D. the Chicago Bulls

4. He is often called “_________________”.

A. Rookie

B. the NBA

C. Air Jordan

D. Most Valuable Player

5. The NBA was very surprised at the superstar when __________________.

A. he was young

B. he joined the basketball in his high school

C. he joined the university basketball team

D. he joined the Chicago Bulls

(C)

The 29th Olympic Games will be held in our country in 2008. As a great many people will visit our country, the government(政府) will build new hotels, a large stadium(体育馆), and a fine new swimming pool. They will also build new roads. The games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area(地区) will be called “Olympic City”. Workers will build a railway and some new roads by the end of 2005. The fine modern buildings have been designed(设计) by the best designers.

The people, old and young, in the capital are getting ready for the Olympic Games by learning English. We will be very glad to see the new buildings go up. We are very excited and looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never

been held in our country before.

1. Because of the 29th Olympic Games, _________________________.

A. a lot of new buildings have been finished

B. a large number of people visited our country

C. many new roads and a railway line have been built

D. a lot of new buildings have been planned

2. From the passage we know that the Olympic Games _______________.

A. have just been held in our country

B. will be held in our country for the first time

C. are held in our country every four years

D. were held in our country four years ago

3. The passage tells us that everyone in the capital ____________ for the Olympic Games.

A. is busy building roads

B. is studying English

C. is designing buildings

D. is having sports and games

4. The whole area with hotels, stadiums, swimming pools is called ___________.

A. buildings

B. stadium

C. Olympic City

D. Olympic Games

5. “Go up” in the last passage means ______________.

A. 建起 B.上涨 C.增长 D.上升

五. 补全对话。

1.---How are you? ---I?m _______________.

2 .---Shall I call you Jim or James ? ---It doesn?t ___________.

3.---I didn?t win in the sports meeting. ---Bad __________.

4.---What does that word mean? ---______________ one?

5. ---I think foreign languages are more important than science.

---I really can?t _________ with you.

6. ---What were you doing at that time when your father came back yesterday?

---I was ___________ the floor.

7. ---Thank you for your help. ---That?s all ____________.

8. ---Have you found my ruler yet? ---I?m __________ I haven?t.

9. ---Is Bill as tall as Li Lei? ---No, he isn?t _________ tall as Li Lei.

10. ---Well _________. Congratulations. ---Thank you.

六. 句型转换。按要求填词完成句型转换。

(A)在下面各题B句的每个空格里写上一个单词,使B句的意思与A句的相近。

1. A: My eyes started to fail at the age of seven.

B: My eyes started to fail when _________ _________ ________ _______ old.

2. A: He is so tired that he can?t do anything else.

B: He is _____________ tired ___________ do anything else.

3. A: We?ll remember Comrade Lei Feng for ever.

B: Comrade Lei Feng ________ _______ ______ by us for ever.

4. A: How expensive the car is!

B: ____________ ____________ expensive car it is!

5: A: We use computers in many ways.

B: Computers ____________ __________ in many ways.

(B)按照下面各题的汉语意思用英语完成句子,把答案写在横线上,词数不限。

1.明天我们要尽力打赢这场足球赛。?

Tomorrow we will __________________________ to win the football game.

2.教师走进来时,学生们停止了谈话。

When the teacher came in, the students ______________________________.

3.我们的国家变得越来越强大了。

Our country has become __________________________________________.

4.他的画将于明天在我们学校展出。

His picture __________________________________ at our school tomorrow.

5. 我花费了两个小时看完这本书。

It ________ me two hours _______ _______ reading the novels.

初三年级(下)

【知识梳理】

I. 重点短语

1. beg one's pardon

2. multiply …by…

3. slow down

4. wear out

5. try on

6. make a decision,

7. a place of interest

8. make a mistake

9. drop off

10. think about

11. make up one's mind,

12. at all,

13. at least

14. by the time

15. carry on

16. never mind

17. from now on

18. come down

19. hands up

20. before long,

21. no one,

22. not…any longer

II. 重要句型

1. be busy doing sth.

2. prefer to do sth.

3. regard... as...

4. be pleased with sth./sb.

5. be angry with sb.

III. 交际用语

1. ---How much does… cost …?

2. ---It can cost as little as … yuan and as much as … yuan.

3. ---It costs ….

4. ---It's worth ….

5. ---I don't agree with ….

6. ---I wasn't sure whether….

7. ---I wonder if ….

8. ---What size …?

9. ---Have you got any other colour / size / kind?

10. ---Have you got anything cheaper?

11. ---How much are they?

12. ---How much does it cost?

13. ---How much is it?

14. ---That's a bit expensive.

15. ---Even though they're a little expensive, I'll take them.

16. ---I'll think about ….

17. ---I don't think I'll take ….

18. ---I like ….

19. ---I don't really like ….

20. ---Can I help you, girl?

21. ---Would you like me to look in the back?

22. ---We can find ….

23. ---Do you like being …?

24. ---Can I ask you some questions?

25. ---Sure.

26. ---It was great.

27. ---Wow!

28. ---Yeah!

29. ---Oh dear!

30. ---Hands up!

31. ---I?ll shoot anyone who moves.

32. ---There?s no need to thank me.

33. ---Can you remember anything else about him?

34. ---Come down, Polly!

35. ---There is a little traffic accident.

36. ---There's a big traffic jam.

37. ---Well, I'm sure he'll be here before long.

38. ---I'm beginning to get angry with him!

39.---Yes, we can't wait any longer. Let's go without him.

40. ---That's terrible!

41. ---That's a really bad excuse!

IV. 重要语法

1. 过去将来时

2. 过去完成时

3. 动词不定式

4. 定语从句

【名师讲解】

1. think/ think/about/ think of

(1) think 单独使用时表示"思考", 接that 宾语从句时意为"认为","觉得"。

I am thinking how to work out the problem.

I think she is a good student.

当宾语从句含有否定概念时,通常形式上否定think ,但意义上却是否定宾语从句。 I don't think he can come.

I don't think it will be windy.

(2)think about 可接一个名词,动词-ing 形式或由疑问词引导的不定式或宾语从句,意思是"考虑……"。

I have thought about it for a long time.

Please think about how to tell her the bad news.

(3)think of 表示"认为", 一般用于疑问句中,与what 连用。

What do you think of the TV play? = How do you like the TV play?

2. big/ large/ great

上述形容词都表示"大",但侧重点及程度不同。

(1) big指具体事物的大小,强调比正常形体的标准大,既可用在普通场合, 也可用在正式场合。它可用来指人的身材高大或"长大了",还可表示"伟大","重要"之意。如:

Can you lift up this big stone?

On the last day I made a big decision.

(2) large特别强调远远超过标准的大,指体积、面积、容积、数量之大。如:

A whale is a large animal.

A large crowd collected at the gate of the theatre.

(3) great除了表示数量体积之大外,又指抽象的程度,意味着伟大性,重要性, 优越性;常用于抽象

或无形的东西;用于有形的东西时,常带有"伟大","大得令人吃惊"等意思,含有一定的感

情色彩。如:

China is a great country with a long history.

He was one of the greatest scientists.

3. cost/ take/ spend/ pay

(1) cost表示"花钱",花费,付出(只能用于钱、精力、生命等;主语必须是物。) The book cost me five yuan.

(2) take的主语是动词不定式, 通常用it做形式主语。

It took me five yuan to buy the book..

(3) spend,在主动语句中主语是人

I spent five yuan on (for) the book.或I spent five yuan (in) buying the book.

(4) pay的主语是人。

I paid five yuan for the book.

4. expensive/ high/ cheap/ low

这四个词在谈论到价格的高低时,要注意使用。expensive与high涉及到价格"高",而cheap 与low涉及到价格"低"。

(1) expensive昂贵的,花钱多的。这个单词若谈到"价格高,货贵"时,其主语不能是价格,必须是货物、物品本身。如:

This watch is expensive. 这只表很贵。

These glass-products are not expensive. 这些玻璃制品不是很值钱。

注意:cheap表示"价廉","便宜的",其主语也不能是价格,必须是物品本身。如: The cheap table was bought from him. 这张便宜的桌子是他卖给我们的。

This cloth doll is very cheap. 这只布娃娃很便宜。

(2)high在表示价格时,含义是"高",low在表示价格时,含义是"低",这两个词不能用于物品本身,只

能用在价格上。如:

The price of this watch is very high. 这只表的价格太高了。

The price of this book is not low for me. 这本书的价格对我来说是不低。

下面我们试看几个句子的正误对照:

The price of this computer is expensive.

(宜改为:This computer is expensive. 或The price of this computer is high. )

The price of this pen is not cheap for him to buy.

(宜改为:This pen is not cheap for him to buy. 或 The price of this pen is not low for him. )

5. alone/ lonely

lonely 与alone的意思比较接近,但在使用时有所区别:

(1)lonely用作形容词,意思是"孤单的;寂寞的"。可指心灵上的寂寞,也可指偏僻的地点。在句中既可作表语,也可作定语。

(2)alone 可作形容词和副词,意思是"单独;独自",不指心理上寂寞的感觉。

She was taken to a lonely island, lived alone, but she never felt lonely.

她被带到一个荒岛上,自己居住,但她从不感到寂寞。

6. before long/ long before

(1)before long 作“不久以后”讲,切不要按字面译为“长时间以前”或“好久以前”。如: We hope to finish our experiment before long. 我们希望不久(以后)就把实验做完。

(2)long before 作"很久以前"讲。原意为"……以前很久",故也可译为"老早"。long before 跟before long

不同,前者在其后面可以接名词或一个从句;当上下文明确时,名词或从句还可以省略。Before long 则没有上述搭配用法。

They began the test yesterday, but we had made experiment long before.

我们昨天开始做实验,但我们在那以前很久就已经做准备了。

7. as/ when/ while

(1)as 是连词,意思是"当……的时候,一面……一面",(强调同时,一般连续时间不长),如:

As we were talking about Titanic, our teacher came in.

正当我们谈论"泰坦尼克号"这部电影时,教师进来了。

The students sing as they go along. 学生们边走边唱。

(2)When和as一样都是连词,注意它们的不同。如when"当……的时候"(一般表示动作紧接着发生);

"那时"(等立连词,前有逗号分开)

I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain. 我一直呆到太阳下山,那时天开始下雨了。

(3)while是"当……时候;和……同时"(强调同时发生,一般连续时间较长)

While I was watching TV, he was reading. 当我在看电视的时候,他正在看书。

While there is life, there is hope. 有生命就有希望。

8. beat/win/ hit

(1)beat 是动词,意思是"连续地打; 打败; 敲打"。beat后可接人或队名。意思是"击败对手。"如:

I can beat you at swimming.

(2)win意思是"赢得某个项目",后面常接"match, game"。如:

He won a game. 他胜一局。

We won a match. 我们比赛得胜。

(3)hit意思是"击中"(有时可表示"打一下")。如:

The mother hit her child out of anger. 妈妈生气,打了她孩子一下。

9. keep doing/keep on doing

(1)keep doing侧重表示"持续不停地做某事"或"持续某种状态"。如:

The girl kept crying all the time. 那个女孩一直在哭。

The baby kept sleeping about four hours. 这个婴儿连续睡了大约四个小时。

(2)keep on doing 表示"总不断做某事",不表示静止状态。不能与sitting, sleeping, lying, standing这类

词连用。如:

It kept on raining for seven days.

Don't keep on asking such silly questions.

10. get/ turn/ become

这三个词都可作系动词用,表示状态的变化,后跟表语,但三个词的用法稍有不同。get强调情感、气候和环境的变化;turn强调色彩的变化;而become则强调职务、职称等的变化。如:

The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter.冬天的白天越来越短。

She couldn't answer the question and her face turned red.她回答不出问题,脸红了。 When did you become a teacher? - Ten years ago.你什么时候当的老师?十年前。

11. steal / rob

从意思上讲steal表示偷窃的意思。而rob表示抢劫的意思;从搭配上来讲,steal sth from sb/sth ;而rob则用rob sb/sth of sth; 例如:

He stole money from the rich to give it to the poor.

They robbed the bank of one million dollars.

12. see/look/watch/notice

在英语中,see,look,watch,notice都有“看”的意思,要注意他们的区别。

see意为“看到”,表示视觉器官有意识或无意识地看到物体,强调“看到”的结果。 look意为“看”,表示有意识地观看,强调“看”的动作。

watch意为“观看,注视”,指以较大的注意力观看。

notice意为“看到,注意到”,指有意识的注意,含有从不注意到注意的变化的意义。例如:

What can you see in the picture?在图画中你能看到什么?

Look! How happily they are playing!看!他们玩得多高兴啊!

He?s watched TV for over two hours.他看了两个多小时的电视。

He noticed a purse lying on the road.他注意到地上有个钱包。

13. Shoot/ shoot at

shoot是及物动词,意思是“射中,射死”,宾语多为人或动物等。而shoot at是一个动词词组,意为“向……射击”,至于射中或射死与否不得而知。如:

The man shot five birds in the forest.那个人在森林里射死(中)了五只鸟。

The hunter shot at the bear.猎人朝熊射击了。

They shot at the she-wolf, but didn't shoot her.他们向那只母狼射击,但是没有射中/死。

14. escape/ run away

(1)escape作“逃跑”、“逃脱”或“逃避”讲时,往往会有成功之意。如:

The old man escaped death.那个老人死里逃生。

The thief escaped from prison.那个小偷越狱了。

(2)run away作“逃跑”、“跑走”讲时,往往强调动作。如:

Don't let him run away. 别让他跑了。

口语中escape和run away可以互用。

15. so that..../ so... that....

(1) so that....为了,以便 。引导一个目的状语从句,从句中往往有情态动词。也可引导一个结果状语从句。如:

I left at 5:00 so that I could catch the early bus.

Speak loudly, so that they can hear what you say.

He didn't study English so that he lost a chance to work in a foreign company.

(2) so... that....既可引导一个结果状语从句,也可引导一个目的状语从句。

如:The classroom was so noisy that I could hardly study.

I got up so early in the morning that I could catch the train.

【考点扫描】

中考考点在本单元主要集中在:

1. 过去将来时;

2. 过去完成时;

3. 动词不定式;

4. 定语从句;

5. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;

6. 本单元学过的交际用语。

考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。

【中考范例】

1. (20xx年济宁市中考试题)

He wanted to know ______________.

A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start

B. what he?s going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held

【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。因为主句的时态是一般过去时,所以从句应用过去将来时,这就排除了A和B。宾语从句的时态应该是陈述句的语序,所以只有B是对的。

2. (20xx年烟台市中考试题)

---Why didn?t you go to the movie yesterday?

---Because I ___________ it before.

A. had watched B. have seen C. have watched D. had seen

【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是动词的搭配以及现在完成时和过去完成时的用法区别。看电影习惯商用see a movie, 又因为说的昨天以前发生的事情,应该用过去完成时。只有D正确。

3. (20xx年重庆市中考试题)

---Did you win the football game?

---Bad luck. Our team __________ in the final one.

A. won B. beat C. was won D. was beaten

【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是动词搭配和动词的语态。动词win通常和比赛一类的词连用,不与人或队连用,因此可以排除A和C。beat是个及物动词,既然我们的运气不好,就是输了,应该用被动语态。

4. (20xx年广州市中考试题)

---Who is the man ________ was talking to our English teacher?

---Oh! It?s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.

A. he B. that C. whom D. which

【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是引导定语从句关系代词的选择。由于先行词是人,可以排除A和D。而该词在定语从句中作主语,只有B合适。

【满分演练】

一. 单项选择

1. Though he is ____________ seventy years old, he takes exercise every day.

A.past B.above C.on D.over

2. The sun rises ___________ and goes down ____________.

A.in the east, in the west B.in the west, in the east

C.to the east, to the west D.from the east, from the west

3. Which would you like, Madam, tea or coffee?

____________, thanks. I?d like a glass of water, please.

A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.OK

4. One of the boys is ________, all the other boys are _________.

A.English , China B.an English, Chinese

C.England , China D.English, Chinese

5. ---How soon will you finish the building?

--- __________________________.

A.In two months B.Two months

C.About two months D.After two months

6. They did ______________ their father told them.

A.like B.as C.about D.with

7. The fish smells ______________. You mustn?t eat it.

A.nicely B.heavily C.terrible D.terribly

8. Either you or he _______________ the team.

A.is in B.are on C.is on D.are in

9. He was made _____________ thirteen hours a day by his boss.

A.to work B.work C.is on D.are in

10. ___________ you work, ___________ you will do.

A.Harder, better B.The harder, the worse

C.Hardest, best D.The harder, the better

11. Mrs Hu asked Liu Fang and __________ to take part in the English meeting.

A.I B.my C.me D.mine

12. Tell the students _____________ their English books.

A.to take B.to carry C.to bring D.bring

13. It _____________ us two hours? walk to get to our school.

A.take B.takes C.spend D.paid

14. My little sister is so tired, she can hardly walk, ____________?

A.does she B.can she C.doesn?t she D.can?t she

15. __________ Yellow River is the second longest river is our country.

A./ B.The C.An D.A

16. ---Do you want to _____ at the meeting.

---No, I have nothing to ______________.

A.say, speak B.tell, talk C.say, say D.speak, say

17.---You need something to drink, don?t you?

--- ________________________________.

A.Not at all B.I needn?t C.No, please D.Yes, please

18. She asked me _____ he could dance or sing.

A.if B.what C.whether D.that

19. ---Aren?t you Mary?s sister?

---_____________________ I?m her aunt.

A.Yes, I am B.No, I?m not C.Yes, I?m not D.No, I am

20. _____________, no man has travelled farther than the moon.

A.To now B.To far C.So far D.Till now

二. 用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. Class 3 won the football match and our class _____ by them. (beat)

2. By last Friday the students _____ (learn)all their new lessons.

3. He will be a worker after he _____ (finish) middle school.

4. I felt like ______ (have) a rest after lunch.

5. Is there another way of ______ (answer) the question?

6. I?ll tell him the news that our class ______ (win).

7. Jim made us ______ (agree) with him.

8. The teacher _____ (give) us a lesson when Tom walked into the room.

9. Someone saw him ______ (fall) off the horse just now.

10. Look! A group of policemen ______ (run) into that room.

三. 改写句子

1. None of the doctors knows about the matter.

2. Tom is taller than John.

Tom.

3. The jacket cost so little that he bought it.

The jacket for him to buy.

4. Jim had a good journey home.

Jim _______ home.

5. I didn?t finish my work in time because my pen was broken.

pen stopped finishing my work in time.

四. 完形填空

than There modern medicine, .

Life today new problems. One of the biggest is pollution (污染). Water pollution has our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and affects (影响) our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us living thing in the world.

Cars, planes and factories all pollute (污染) our air every day. Sometimes the pollution is so that it is like a quilt (被状物)over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog. (烟雾)

1. A.more hard B.more harder C.much harder D.much more harder

2. A.they are B.they were C.it was D.it is

3. A.were not B.was no C.were D.was

4. A.either B.too C.also D.neither

5. A.bring B.have C.have got D.has brought

6. A.made B.let C.taken D.changed

7. A.say B.talk C.tell D.spoke

8. A.feel happy more happily B.get angry much more easier

C.get angry much easier D.feel and more slowly

9. A.most B.all C.one D.every

10. A.thin B.thick C.hard D.light

五. 阅读理解

(A)

Since the beginning of time, man has invented many interesting things. Some of these inventions, like numbers and the radio have certainly changed history.

Since 1946, one of the most important inventions has been the computer. It will change all our lives.

The first computer was built at Harvard University(哈佛大学) in 1944. it was as large as a room and quite difficult and slow to operate(运行). But since the invention of the silicon chip(硅片), computer have become smaller, easier to use, and faster to operate. Some computers are as small as television sets. Some computers can be made smaller than a book. And computers are getting smaller all the time.

There are several reasons(原因) why computer is useful to us. First it can store(储藏) very, very large amount(数量) of information(信息). Second, the computer can operate very quickly. Third, modern computer can be built into other kinds of machines, like radios, cars, and planes. They can do a lot of work for us.

Soon, almost everyone, either at home or at work, will use some kind of computer. The lives of all of us will be changed by this invention.

判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。符合的用“A”表示;不符合的用“B”表示.

1. According to(根据)this passage, many inventions have changed history and

people?s life.

2. The first computer was built in the middle of the 19th century(世纪).

3. A modern computer can be made smaller than silicon chip.

4. The computer has been made much better since the invention of the silicon chip.

5. The computer is useful because it can store lots of information, it can operate very

quickly and can be built into other machines.

(B)

Joe Biggs was a butcher (屠夫). His shop was in a village in one of the most beautiful parts of southern England . He worked in it for many years while his father was there. Then, when his father reached the age of 65, he stopped working in the shop. Joe was alone in it, so he had to work harder.

Joe worked five and a half day a week. His shop shut at one o?clock on Thursday, and it was shut the whole of Sunday. Saturdays were the busiest days.

Joe had a big refrigerator (冰箱)in his shop, but he tried not to buy too much meat at a time. One Thursday a woman came into the shop at five minutes to one. “I?m sorry I?m very late,” she said, “but some people have just telephoned to say that they are going to come to dinner tonight, and I need some more meat.”

Joe only had one piece of good meat in the shop. He had sold all the rest earlier in the day. He took the piece out and said to the woman. “This is £7.15.”

“That piece is too small,” the woman answered. “Haven?t you got anything bigger?”

Joe went into the room behind his shop, opened the refrigerator, put the piece of meat into it, took it out again and shut the door of the refrigerator with a lot of noise. Then he brought the piece of meat back to the woman and said, “This piece is bigger and more expensive. It?s £9.30.”

“Good,” the woman answered with a smile. “give me both of them, please.”

6. Joe worked alone in the shop ________.

A.on Saturdays B.on Thursdays

C.afer his father died D.after his father stopped working

7. Joe sold meat in his shop _______.

A.on Thursday afternoons B.on Sundays

C.on Fridays D.every day

8. One day a woman came to his shop ________.

A.at 1:55, Tuesday

B.at 1:05

C.to say sorry to him

D.because someone had suddenly telephoned her

9. Which of the following is true?

A.People bought all the meat from him.

B.The woman didn?t want the expensive piece of meat.

C.Joe brought the woman a different piece.

D.The woman wanted to buy the two pieces of meat together.

10.Joe only had one piece of good meat because ______.

A.Joe?s refrigerator had broken.

B.he tried not to buy too much meat at a time.

C.he knew that the meat would go bad (变质).

D.he had no money to buy more.

(C)

If you go into the forest with friends, stay with them always. If you don?t, you may get lost. If you really get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don?t try to find your friends.Let them find you by staying in one place.

There is another way to help your friends or other nearby people to find you. Give them a signal by shouting or whistling (打口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times. Any signal given three times is a call for help.

Keep up the shouting or whistling always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give two shouts, two whistles or two gun shots (枪声). When someone gives a signal, it is an answer to a call for help.

If you don?t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house — cover up the holes with branches(树枝) with lots of leaves. Make yourself a soft bed with leaves and grass.

What should you do if you get hungry or need drinking water? You would have to leave your little branch house to look for a river. Don?t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back.

The most important thing to do when you are lost is — stay in one place.

11. If you got lost in the forest,you should _______.

A.stay where you are and give a signal three times

B.walk around the forest and shouted so that your friends might hear you

C.try to find your friends as soon as possible

D.try to get out of the forest and shouted for help

12. If you want to let people believe that you are not just making noise for fun you should

________.

A.shout that you are lost

B.keep up the shouting or whistling

C.shout at the top of your voice

D.shout or whistle once in a while

13. When you hear _______ shouts or whistles or gun shots,you know that _______.

A.two; people will soon come to help you

B.three; some one is asking for help

C.three; people will soon come to help you

D.two; someone is asking for help

14. When you are lost in the forest, but you want to leave your place to get water, you should

________.

A.just go to the river

B.find a bowl or a glass, and then go

C.make a fire so that you might make yourself some hot tea

D.leave marks (标志)as you go to the river so that you can find your way back

15. This story mainly (主要地)tells you _______.

A.that when someone gives a signal always three times, it is a call for help

B.What you should do if you get lost in the forest

C.that when any signal given twice means an answer to a call for help

D. What you should do if you get lost in the street

六. 书面表达

根据提示写一篇有关你今天活动的日记

要求:1、字数在60—80个单词左右。

2、日期、天气状况等放在日记行文格式上。

3、今天是20xx年3月3日,星期六早晨6点45分起床,匆忙去上学,

学校停课。然后和几个同学去公园野餐,乘车回家。9点睡觉。

初一年级(上)

【练习答案】

一. 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.C 17.D 18.A 19.B

20.B

二. 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A

三. 1.B 2.C 3.J 4.A 5.D 6.E 7.F 8.G 9.H 10.I

四. 1.C 2.E 3.A 4.B 5.D

五. 1.His; my 2.Your; are 3.Whose 4.yours; ours 5.to go 6.me 7.babies 8.Chinese 9.my teacher?s

10.parents

六. (A)1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A

(B)1. A 2 B 3 A 4 C 5 B

(C)1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.D

初一年级(下)

【练习答案】

一. 1. B.2. D.3. A.4. D.5.B.6. D. 7. A.8. B.9.C.10.A. 11. C.12.C. 13. A. 14. C. 15. D.16. B 17.

A.18. B.19. B.20. C.

二. A.1. full 2. mend 3. Long 4. window 5. wrong

B. 1. women 2. mine 3. friendly 4. him 5. driver

C. 1. teacher's 2. pens 3. looks 4. play 5. climbing 6. closed 7. has 8. China 9. eat 10. working

三. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.E 5.A

四. 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.D

五. 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.D. 8 B.9.A 10.D

六. This old man comes from Sydney. He likes China very much. Now, he is teaching in Beijing. He says Beijing is big and beautiful, he likes working here.

初二年级(上)

【练习答案】

一. 1.B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C

二. I. 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. C

三. 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. C

四. (A) 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B

(B) 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A

(C) 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A

五. 1. will stop later on 2. because, too cold 3. in, northwest 4.What delicious

5.stay above zero

六. 1. How hot 2. It, in 3. at times 4. will snow heavily 5.How about

初二年级(上)

【练习答案】

一. 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.A 17.D 18.A 19.B

20.B

二. 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B

三. (A) 1. B 2.A 3.A 4. A 5. B

(B) 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A

(C) 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.D

四. 1.to say sorry to you 2.he asked me to do 3.walking in the garden 4.a good memory 5.invented

the robot 6.it difficult to remember these words 7.eating meat 8.all the time 9.was born in 10. Good luck

初二英语(下)

【练习答案】

一. 1. C 2 B 3 B 4 D 5 B 6.B 7 A 8.C 9.B 10.D 11.C 12 B 13.C 14.C 15.A 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. D

20. A

二. 1.B 2.B3.A 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D

三. (A) 1. B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B

(B) . 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C

(C) 1. D 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.D

四. 1.H 2.F 3.B 4.G 5.C 6.D 7.I 8.E 9.A 10.J

五. 1. one of the most popular subjects

2. take the box

3. learn from

4. is planning to

5. was born in Shanghai, on June 29, 1987.

6. am happy/pleased

7. not to be

8. play jokes on

9. work out

10. Are you sure

初三年级(上)

【练习答案】

一. 1.B 2.B 3D 4.D 5. B 6.D 7.B 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D 12.D 13. C 14. D 15. B

二. 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.D

三. (A) 1. C 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A

(B) 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B

(C) 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B

四. 1. not 2. about 3. with 4. How 5. by

五. 1. What, for 2. last for 3. playing with 4. take, with 5. is like 6. for telling 7. didn't, until 8. from, to

初三年级(中)

【练习答案】

一. 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.A 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. D 17. D 18. B 19.

B 20.C

二. 1.be done 2.Have, finished 3.hers 4.me 5.youngest 6.taller 7.twentieth 8.is spoken

9.was 10.leave

三. 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C

四. (A) 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B

(B) 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.D

(C) 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A

五. 1.fine 2.matter 3.luck 4.Which 5.agree 6.sweeping 7.all right 8.sorry 9.so 10.done

六. (A) 1.I was seven years 2.too, to 3.will be remembered 4.What a 5. are used

(B) 1.do our best 2.stopped talking 3.stronger and stronger 4.will be on display

5.took, to finish

初三年级(下)

【练习答案】

一. 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.D 17.D 18.C 19.B

20.C

二.1. was beaten 2. had learnt/learned 3. finishes 4. having 5. answering 6. has/have won 7. agree

8. was giving 9. fall 10. are running

三. 1.No doctors 2. so/as tall as 3. was cheap enough 4. enjoyed himself; when he travelled

5.broken; me from

四. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.B

五. 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.D 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.B

六. Saturday Mar3,2005 Sunny

Today is Saturday. I got up at 6:45 this morning. I had a quick breakfast and then went to school in a hurry, but we don?t have classes on Saturday. Then I telephoned some classmates and asked them to have a picnic. They were very pleased. We got to the park and enjoyed ourselves. At about 5:00 in the afternoon, we went home by bus. I was too tired, so I?ll go to bed at 9:00.

1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 (比较级 and 比较级) 表示越来越怎么样

3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 4 agree with sb 赞成某人

5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界

7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去

the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树

8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的

10 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book

11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么

12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事

13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen

14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始

15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day

16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候

17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心,自信

eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test

18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时

19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing

20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing

21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么

eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me

24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气

25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高

26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开

29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……

32 be careful 当心;小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样

34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好

36 be from = come from 来自 eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?

37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原) 将来时

40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……

41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English

42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事

43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处

Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处

44 be in good health 身体健康

45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble

46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到

48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother

49 be mad at 生某人的气

50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)

51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定

53 be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎

55 be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you

59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you

61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles

62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格

63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么

65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well

67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑(老师)

68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试

69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语

70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事

72 be the same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事

eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉 74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句

76 because+句子 because of +短语

eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache

77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么

eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home

78 between…and… 两者之间

79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西

eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen

80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同

81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth

eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station

我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了

He's bothering me to lend him money

82 by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang

84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来

85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地

87 come in 进88 come over to 过来

89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗?

90 communicate with sb 和某人交流

91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州?

92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞

93 decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好

96 do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意…… 99 each +名(单)每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢 102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来 105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么

106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样 108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing(名词)

110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her

113 get /have sth down 做完,被(别人)做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了)

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了(被牙医拔掉了)

114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好

116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth

120 get…from… 从某处得到某物 121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall

122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物 123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳

124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事 125 go out away from go out of

126 go to school 上学(用于专业的)go to the school 去学校(不一定是上学) 127 good way to 好方法 128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事

129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会 130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈

131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since

132 have been to …( 地方)……去过某过地方 have gone to …(地方) 去了某地还没回来

133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做

135 have to do sth 必须做某事

136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦

137 have…time +doing

138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假

139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事

140 help a lot 很大用处

141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事(某方面) help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

142 hope to do sth 希望做某事

143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)

144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法

145 if : 是否=wether

eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会

He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达 146 if :如果,假如(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句

eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去泸州

If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划,他们会让我知道的

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱,我就要去英国

147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为

148 in some ways 在某些方面

149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后

150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 (north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 )

151 in the sun 在太阳下

152 increase 增加

eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%

the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now

153 instead of +(名 ) 代替

eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果,而不要梨子

I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学

154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍

155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook

157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样

158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样

159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样

160 It's +adj(for sb) to do(对某人来说) 做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样

eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English

161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意

162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important to me

163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间

eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了

164 join = take part in 参加

165 just now 刚才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样?

167 keep out 不让 …… 进入

168 keep sb adj 让……保持…… eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康

169 key to +名词 表示:某物的钥匙或某题的答案

170 key to… anser to … key 可以是答题或钥匙

171 laugh at… 取笑…… eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke

172 learn by oneslfe 自学

173 learn from sb 向某人学习 eg: We should learn from Lei Feng

174 learn to do sth 学做某事

175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事

176 Let sb down 让某人失望 eg : We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望 177 live from :离某地远

178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan

179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看

180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路

181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事

182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you

183 make it early 把时间定的早一点

184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife

186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么样 eg : You must made your bed clean

187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样

188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前让他写

189 make up be made up of (被动语态)由……组成

190 make…difference to…

191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么

192 most +名 most of +代

193 much too +形容词 194 must be 一定 195 need +名词

196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do (实义动词) need do (情态动词)

198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing

199 no +名词

200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not… (形 、副)at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all

202 not…at all 一点都不

203 not…either 表否定,也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐 204 not…until 直到……才……

eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供

206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提供水

207 on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上

208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面

209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈

210 on time 准时 in time 及时

211 one day =some day =someday 一天,有一天

212 one of +可数名词的复数形式

213 one to another 一个到另一个

214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin

215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作

216 pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱 ,付钱

217 please +do

218 please help yourself

219 pleased with sb

220 pool into = pore into

221 practice +doing 练习做某事

222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢…… eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中,我更喜欢物理 prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车,不开小车

prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿

eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车,也不去修旧车 prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来

223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句

eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作

He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案

224 rather…than 宁可……也不……

eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生,也不当老师

He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗,不喜欢猫

225 regard…as 把……当作……

eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候

I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友

He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人

226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事

eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭

227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么

eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校

the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother

228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人

229 say to oneself 对自己说

230 say to sb 对某人说

231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上

232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁

233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事

234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are

235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事

236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy

237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物

238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去?

239 shock 使……震惊 eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊,是你呀!吓我一跳

240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.

241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me 242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.

243 some…others… 一些……另一些……

244 start…with… 从……开始 begin…with… 从……开始

245 stay away from 远离……

eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时,我们要远离动物 If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥,你最好远离甜食 246 stop doing 停下正在做的事

247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事

248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事

249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事

250 such +名 这样 ,这种

251 suit sb 适合某人

252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇 to one's surprise 令某人惊奇

253 take classes 上课

254 take sb to 把某人带去 eg : I take you to the hospital

255 take walks = take a walk = go for a walk 散步

256 ①talk to 对谁说 eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him

③ talk of 谈到 eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 谈论关于……

257 talk with sb 和某人说话

258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事

259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事

260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story

261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事

262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么

263 tell…from…

264 thank you for +doing

265 the same +名词(doing)+as……

266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同

267 the way to do sth = the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方 去哪的路

e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English

268 the way to…(地点) 到哪的269 too…to… 太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能… so…that +丛句 eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to school

He is old enough to go to school = He is so old that he can go to school

270 transalte ……into…… 把什么翻译成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese

271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么,但没成功 try doing sth 想干什么,已经做过了 eg :He tried to climb 他想爬上去,但没成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去,已经做过了

274 try…试衣服 have a try 试一下 275 turn down 开小 ←→ turn up 开大

276 turn off 关上 ←→ turn on 打开 open 拆开 277 upside down 倒着

278 visit to… 参观某个地方 279 wait for sb 等某人

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