七年级上册英语语法总汇

(一．动词be（is,am,are）的用法

我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。

二．this，that和it用法

(1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。

(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如： This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)

That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)

(3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。如：

This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。

(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is?, 不说That is?。如：

This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。

(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如：

This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。

(6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如：

—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗？

—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的，我是，你是谁？

注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am?, Are you?？/Who are you?

(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如： ①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？

—Yes, it is. 是的，它是。

②—What’s that? 那是什么？

—It’s a kite. 是只风筝。

三．these和those用法

this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。

①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。 ②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。

③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？

在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如：

④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗？

Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。

四．不定冠词a和an

a和an都是不定冠词，表示一(个，支，本，块??)的意思，但不强调数量概念，而是强调类别，用来限定名词。a用在辅音素开头的单数名词前，如：a pencil(一支铅笔)，a book(一本书)；an用在元音音素开头的名词前，如an eraser(一块橡皮)。如果名词前有修饰语，用a还是用an，则以该修饰语的第一音素决定用a还是用an。如：

a clock 一座钟 an old clock 一座旧钟 a book 一本书 an English book 一本英语书

a nice apple 一个可爱的苹果 an apple 一个苹果

五．名词＋’s所有格

六．There be句型

(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处（某时）有某人（某物）。”其基本结构为“There be＋某物（某人）＋某地（某时）”其中there是引导词，没有词义；主语是be后面的名词， be是谓语动词，在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构：

There be放句首，主语跟在后。地、时放句末，强调置前头。如： There is a book on the desk.

有时为了强调地点，也可把介词短语放在句首。如：

On the desk there is a book.

(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢？请先看看下面这首歌诀：

Be动词，有三个，am，is还有are。“There be”真特别，不留am只留俩，那就是is还有are。要用is还是are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用are。如：

①There is a tree behind the house.

②There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）.

③There are some pears in the box.

(3)注意：如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is，是复数就用are。如：

①There is a book and some pens on the floor.

②There are some pens and a book on the floor.

七．like一词的用法

like用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。

(1)后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如：

I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。

(2)后接动名词(v. -ing)，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如： Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。

(3)后接动词不定式(to do )，表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”，着重于某次具体的行为。如：

I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。

八．一般现在时

一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作，或表示现在的特征、状态。当主语是非第三人称单数时，行为动词的一般现在时变化形式(见下表)。如：

当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词一般现在时的句型变化如下：

(1)肯定句在行为动词原形后＋s/es(其构成方法与名词单数变复数相同)。

(2)否定句用助动词doesn’t＋动词原形。

(3)一般疑问句则是把助动词does放在句首，后面动词用原形，回答时，肯定用“Yes，主语＋does.”；否定用“No，主语＋doesn’t.”。

九．句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素

(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you，she,he,it→ they。如：

She is a girl. →They are girls.

(2)am，is要变为are。如：

I’m a student. →We are students.

(3)不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：

He is a boy. →They are boys.

(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：

It is an apple. →They are apples.

(5)指示代词this，that要变为these，those。如：

This is a box. →These are boxes.

十．英语日期的表示法

英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词，它们的首字母必须大写，并且前面无需用冠词。

用英语表示日期，其顺序为月+日+年，日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如：August 2nd，2003(20xx年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如：10th May，2003(20xx年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用：若指在哪一年或哪一月，则用介词in，若具体到某一天，则需用介词on。

①She was born in 1989

②She was born in August.

③She was born in August 1989.

④She was born on 2nd August, 1989.

十一.名词复数：

在英语里面，名词分可数名词（countable noun）和不可数名词（uncountable noun），不可数名词没有单复数之分，用时只当单数词用；可数名词有单复数之分，一个的前面要用a或an，eg: a pencil, a basketball, a dictionary, an egg, an ID card，而复数即两个或两个以上的要作相应的变化，情况如下：

(1) 特殊词，特殊变化，需单独记：

child→children，man→men，foot→feet，woman→women

tooth→teeth，sheep→sheep，deer→deer

(2)一般的词在单数词后直接+“s”:

book→books，pen→pens，car→cars，map→maps，cartoon→cartoons

(3)以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词+“es”

box→boxes，watch→watches

(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词去掉“y”，改成“i”，再加“es”

family→families，comedy→comedies

(5)以f或fe结尾的词，先去掉f或fe，改成“v”再加es

knife→knives，wife→wives，handkerchief→handkerchieves

十二.时间的表达法

(1) 直读式，即直接读出时间数字

7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen

(2) 过、差式，即几点差几分，几点过几分。（以30分为分界线） 1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two

3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five

(3)12小时制

6:00 a.m. 上午6点 8:20 p.m. 下午8点20分

(4)24小时制

13:00 13点钟 22:15 22点15分

(5)15分可用quarter

4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six

(6)时间前通常用at.

at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.

十三.关于时间的问法

(1)以when提问,“什么时候”可以是较长的时间段，也可以是较短的时间点

①When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？

②My birthday is Dec. 29th. 我的生日是12月29日。

这里就是指一天的时间段

①When do you go home? 你几点回家？

②I go home at 4:30 p.m. 我下午4：30回家.

这里when问的是具体的时间。

(2)具体几点我们通常用what time提问

①What time is it now? 现在几点了？ or What’s the time? 几点了？

It’s 9:26. 现在九点二十六。

②What time is it by your watch? 你手表几点了？

It’s 8:36. Oh, It’s 50 minutes late 8:36，哦，它慢了50分钟。 ③What time do you get up? 你几点起床？

I get up at 6:00 a.m. 我早上6点起床。

十四. want用法

(1)想干什么用want to do sth

They want to join the sports club. 他们想加入运动俱乐部。

(2)第三人称单数作主语，want要作变化

①He wants to play basketball.

②Li Xia wants to play the piano.

(3)变疑问句，否定句要借助助动词do或does.

①－Do you want to play soccer ball ? －Yes , I do . / No , I don’t. ②－Does he want to go home by bus ? －Yes , he does . / No , he doesn’t

第二篇：初一上册英语语法测试题

一、一般现在时

1.I______ (be) a student. My name_____ (be) Tom.

2. Where _____ (be) my shoes? They___(be) here.

3.Who ____ (be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she ___ (be) Kate.

4. You and I ___ (not be) in Class Six.

5.___ (be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_____ (be).

6. ____ her parent tall? No, he____.

1)His parents _______(watch) TV every night. 肯定句 1) My brother _________(do) homework every day.

2)His parents _________ (not watch) every night.否定句2)My brother________ (not do)homework every day.

3)_____his parents_____(watch) TV every night?一般疑3)______ your brother _____ homework every day? Yes, they _______. No, they _______. Yes, he______. No, he _________.

4)When___ his parents _____(watch) TV? 特疑 4)When _____ your brother ____(do) homework? They watch TV every night. He does homework every day.

二． 现在进行时

1. Jim __________________(take) photos in the park now. 2. Jim_________(not take) in the park now.

3. _______________Jim____________(take) photos in the park now? Yes, he _____. No, he _______.

4. Where _________Jim ____________ photos now? In the park.

四、非谓语动词（是固定搭配）

She wants _____ (have) a party. Does he like _______ (swim)?

Thanks for _______ (enjoy) CCTV show. She never stops ____ (talk).

六．综合练习：

1.Mr Green _____ (be) a worker. Now he ____(work) in the field. 2.Listen! Who_______ (sing)?

3.What time ____ your brother usually _____(do) his homework? 4.You can_______ (come) here by bus.

5. Who ____ (have) a ruler? 6.Are they_____ (clean) the room?

7.-____ you____ (eat) dinner? – Yes, we are.

8.Jack ____ (have) a soccer ball, but he ____(not have) a basketball.

9._______Jim _______ (like)______ (run)?

10.They _____ (be) from Canada. They______(not speak) Chinese.

11. He wants _________________(be) tall.

1.我们正在吃晚餐。 2、我们每天6点起床。

We __________________________. We __________________ at six every day.

3．你们在聊天吗？是的。 4、他们常常聊天吗？不是。

_______ they _______? Yes, they _____. ______ they often ______ ? No, they ________.

5、他在做什么？他在做作业。 6、他晚上常干什么？他常做作业。

What ____ he ___? He _______. What ___ he usually ___ in the evening? He usually______.

七．人称代词

练习：1.________(我) am a worker. _________(你) are a doctor. ______(她) is a teacher.

2.This is (他的 )shirt.

3. This is __________(我的)pen.

4._________(他们的) trousers are there.

5. I like this picture. Please give ________(它) to ________(我).

6. People get ________(他们的) money from _________(我).

7._____(他们) are new students. _____(他们的) names are Lucy and Lily.

8. These are _____(我们的) shoes. Can ____(我们) wear ______(它们).

9．Thank _______ for _______(你的) help.

10. _______(他) loves _______（她）, and _______(她) loves _______（他）,too.

_______(我) love _________（你）, and ________(你) love _______（我），too.

八，There be句型

句型转换

1)There is a bank on the street. 2) There are some cars in front of the park.

否定句：There _______a bank on the street. 否定句：There ______ _______cars in front of the bank. 一般疑问句：_______ ______ a bank on the street? 一般疑问句：____ ______ ______cars in front of the bank? 就划线部分提问：________ on the street? 就划线部分提问：_____ _____ in front of the bank?

There’s a bank on the street. There are some cars in front of the bank.

同上：____ ______ ______are there on the street? 同上：____ ____ ____ are there in front of the bank

There’s only one. There’re some.

2)将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句，并就划线部分提问。

1. We are eating lunch. We eat lunch at noon.

2．He is swimming at a pool. He swims at the pool every day.

3.Jim and Tony are playing basketball at school.

Jim and Tony play basketball on Sundays.

4.Sandra is running. Sandra likes running

阅读

I am Mary. Today is Sunday. It’s my birthday. There is a birthday party in my home. There are some drinks, food, fruit and flowers on the table. There is a big birthday cake, too. My friends come to my party. They have a lot of presents for me —hair clips, CDs, cards, toys and comic books.My uncle comes to my party, too. He buys me some chocolates. They are my favourite. My father and mother buy me a new camera．We take some beautiful photos. We sit on the sofa, listen to music and chat with each other.At last, all of them walk to me and sing ‘Happy birthday’to me. Then they share the big cake with me. I have a happy birthday. My family and my friends have a good time.

（ ）6．Mary’s birthday is on Saturday.( ) 7．Mary’s uncle has a camera for her.

( ) 8．Mary likes chocolates very much.( ) 9．Only Mary’s friends come to the birthday party.

( ) 10．Mary has many birthday presents.

I have a good boy friend. His name is Mike. He lives in America. He speaks English. He is the same age as I. We are both 14 years old. He often goes to the English Corner. He likes it a lot. He has a small family. His parents are both teachers. They work in the same school. They teach English in their school. They all want to come to China. They all like Chinese food and Chinese people.

根据短文内容回答问题。

6. Where is your friend from? _______________________________________

7. How old is Mike? ________________________________________

8. What do Mike's parents do? ________________________________________

9. What language does Mike speak?________________________________________

10. How do Mike's parents like China?________________________________________