Question 1
Most of the time, organizations were established in order to complete specific goals .and these goals are very important which make sure the direction that the organization will take over the long-range and are not always very unambiguous. Actually, there are four types of goals. Operational Goal, Product Goal, Consumer Goal and Secondary Goal.
When a goal relate to the consumer we called it consumer goal, at the same time others may include product goals which refer to the range of products and services, operational goals cover staffing levels and technology, according to the case study we can see “The Scotia Airways is the first airline to offer full business class services, but at prices that are equivalent to the economy class of its competitors,” is the consumer goal of the Scotia Airway.
As we know, the Scotia Airways is an organization aims to make profit, in other words, Scotia Airway’s operation goal was to make profit and enhance the market share.
Secondary goals are usually not the most important things but are all the same important that the organization would like to achieve, according to this case study we can see “Scotia Airways aspires to mark its international presence, by introducing flights to major European tourist destinations, as well as expanding to major business centre in Eastern European and the Middle and Far East.” is the Secondary goals of the Scotia Airways.
In a sense, the objectives should have four key elements, they are Measurable, Attainable, objectives are more specific than goals, and in order to achieve goals the specific path must be formed. and Realistic and be Time-specific. In the case study you can see, the investors in Scotia Airways have set an ambitious program for expansion over the next 5 years to include long haul destinations. And the airlines international flights will only use custom built wide bodied aircraft, and would not offer economy class travel.
Policies can provide a way to make sure that the management and staff can make decisions. Which also try to provide a guideline to channel a manager’s thinking in a specific direction. Again policies familiarly give an expression to the values of the main stakeholders. In the case study you can see, Senior Management agrees output targets with middle and junior managers and staff, and allows the operational planning to be determined by those managers and employees.
Relationship
Business objectives are more specific and have the particular method in order to achieve goals; goals are usually determine the long-range direction of the organization. Objectives are narrow and are set for certain tasks in particular while goals are broader than objectives in the sense that goals are general intentions and are not specific enough to be measured, but they both have a certain time frame, goals usually have a longer time-frame than objectives, objectives are usually precise targets set for a short term, goals may be set for a longer term but many objectives may be set within that goal.
Advice
Employees is the basic part of Scotia Airways, so, if the Scotia Airways pay more attention to the welfare of the employee, they will pay more attention to their work for reward, because they will think that is a good choice to join in this company, or they will think this organization is just like their family. Scotia Airways will have a better future once the employees working hard. At the same time, Scotia Airways can set a feedback systems, this is to say, Scotia Airways should listen to their consumer’s suggestion, so the management can make some decision much easy and make fewer mistakes.
Question 2
Open systems is a useful system to business corporation because it can provide a ripe way of thinking, and its theory is a systems that interact with their environments. Inputs:
Raw materials: the aircraft supporting facilities like oil.
Machinery: Scotia Airway’s airplane.
Human resources: 80 staff across all departments.
Money: the investors invest much capital in Scotia Airways.
Organization processes:
Strategy: become an airline with international influence and can sustained profitability Objectives and goals: aims to provide exceptional value for money, unparalleled comfort and convenience to its passengers, every time they are on board.
Structure: the Scotia Airways have three departments. Finance department, operations department, marketing and sales department
Management style: work together like a family
Question 3
Formal organization
Formal organization has clear objectives, tasks, structure and the corresponding mechanism, the function and the members of the responsibility relations as well as member activities of the specification. Formal organizational is a certain structure, the same goals and specific functions behavior system. For example, Scotia Airway’s department, Finance department, marketing and sales department, and operations department.
Informal organization
Informal organization has no formal plan organization structure, through interaction and from formal organization have clear objectives and organization operation mechanism. Informal organization intends to create a certain forms of way, this kind of organization form usually organization chart to illustrate.
In Scotia Airways, some department like finance department is a permanent establishment, because the department is certain structure and have the right to decide the company strategy.
Some organization in Scotia Airways is informal organization, like some basketball team in the Scotia Airways. The team is made up by the Scotia Airways employees. But it is not a formal organization because the team is only some employees who like to play basketball.
Question 4
Employees: employees are most interested in job security. This group is the most important part of an organization. Without their hard working, organization can not exist with normal operation. In short, they contribute to the organization and key to its success. For example, the airline currently employs 80 staffs across all departments. They are interest in job security, and the quality of their services will directly affect the company’s performance.
The government: the government levy taxes and rules on organization sometimes may be expensive to carry out and follow. For example, if the government increases tax, it will make the profit, because the cost of sales is increase.
Suppliers: suppliers always want to have a good relationship with the organization because they can achieve some benefits from it. For example, when the Scotia Airways have a very good relationship with the suppliers, the suppliers may be give a low price. It will decrease a lot of cost.
Directors and managers: directors and managers are most interested in how to make maximum profit and achieve the goals made by the organization. For example, they have a clear idea that business travel was a growth area. And Scotia Airways need more money supports their company. Sure they have interest income from investment.
Question 5
Control through rules, policies and procedures
As we all know, rules, policies and procedures can regulate people’s behavior, Scotia Airways try to let people know which management can make a decision by providing a working rules, it is good for the company, because it can make people work more efficient. Scotia Airways set a standard of policies which aims to provide exceptional value for money, unparalleled comfort and convenience to its passengers, and every time they are doing great because of the rules and policies, and through the rules, every employee knows what they should do and what the right manner is. So, the management can run the company much easy,
Reference
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 20.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 27.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 29.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House,
Managing People and Organizations page 32.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 44.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 46.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 58.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 72.