? Your department needs to employ some temporary staff. ? Writer an e-mail to the Human Resource Manager
? ? ? ? Write 40 to 50 words
? To: Human Resources Manager
? From:
? Date:
? Subject: employment of some temporary staff
? temporary staff recruitment
? temporary staff
? May I have your permission to employ 5 temporary ? Since we have to type too many files these days, those who can type 60 words per minutes will be
? I want to I need ten staff in tow days.
? I need five temporary staff (同抬头要呼应)and I want them to start before 1June. I’m going to deal with foreign customers next month.
? Due to our company’s (不够确切), so we have a lot of datum/data） to deal with recently.
? The new product will be launched on June 30, we have tight schedule, if we would like to get the launch fully prepared, 2 temporary staff are essential.
? Those who master (which)
? Any staff having a basic knowledge of international trade is . (desirable)
? They should be skilled in (专有名词)and illustrator, ? ?
? Sample a
? As you know, we always have increasing number of orders before Christmas. I need to hire 3 people for two weeks for packing. I don’t require any specific skills. I need them by the end of the next week at latest.
? Regards.
? Anja Vinogradove
? Band 5
? All the contents points are covered and there is evidence of a wide range of vocabulary and good language control. The email is clear and concise and the register is appropriate.
五、Part II Report
1.Introduction---Why?
2. Findings ---description
3. Conclusion---based on findings
4. Recommendation---suggestion
? Report on suitability pf Ludova Technologies Slovensko (LTS)
Introduction
? This report aims to assess whether the Slovakian company
Ludova Technologies would be a suitable supplier of electrical good.
Findings
? A recent visit to the company showed that its facilities are quite
old, resulting in a limited production capacity. Despite this, LTS produces an extensive range of high-quality products including radios, cassettes recorders and CD players.
? However, out of date machinery means delivery times of up to three months. This may change when the planned modernization takes place.
Conclusion
? LTS would not be suitable for large orders that require quick delivery.
Recommendations
? It is recommended that we remain in contact with LTS and reconsider a supply contract once the factory modernization is completed.
分析报告模板
1. Introduction：assess the feasibility of / to recommend that whether the company would be a suitable supplier or not.
2. Findings
文字指令---个指令间的逻辑关系
图表信息以及文字资料的描述（关键在于所描述问题涉及领域的认知程度）
（与recommendation有密切关系，前后呼应）
从findings直接分析recommendation
1）先设定型：preset
a. 可行性（采不采取这一制度；选择）
report
conclusion
从图标找差距
最显著的一定要写：reliability, value for money先后顺序—— Quality---vfm---recommendation
建议质量：quality control
/ use new machinery/material
广告： newspaper, commercials, handouts
invest more money
服务：after-sale service/ by employing more staff/
价格： lower/cut down the price/ offer a more attractive/appealing price
? 2)零建议型 test 5
prediction: is to increase in the coming years
conclusions— 未涉及解决办法，不是recommendation
图表特点
? 普通表格
? 饼状图
? 柱状图
? 曲线图
? 文字组合图
Table
Pie chart
Bar chart
? 直观了解到各部分间的比例
某一特定时期的一系列连续变化
文字组合图
? Test 1
句型
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
? Introduction The aim/purpose of this report is to… This report sets out to… Conclusion: It was decided/agreed/felt that… No conclusions were reached regarding… Recommendations: We would recommend that… It is suggested that…
? 注意四个方面：
? 1 内容上，要选取重要信息，要导入数据
? 2 结构上，要按照上面的套路，不要写流水账 ? 3 语言上，要多变，句式和选词都要多变
? 4 语法上，要注意时态，一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成
解读图表
一、图表类型：graph, chart, diagram
二、应试能力：图表作文的应试能力是考生是否能从图表中总结出规律趋势，加以提炼升华，得出客观结论
三、应试策略：观察图表-进行提炼-上升高度-进行比较-得出结论-语言表达
应试策略
? 图表趋势描写
? 图表中数据导入
? 趋势与趋势之间的比较
趋势与趋势之间的比较
? The 比较主体doubled /tripled in 时间compared with those in 时间
– A 在XX期间增长了一倍/两倍
? The 比较主体in 地点in 时间is ….in contrast to ….in 地点in 时间。
– A 在XX 期间的数量 是XX ， 然而/ 同时，B 在XX 期间的数量是XX 。
趋势与趋势之间的比较
? A is in direct /Inverse/Reciprocal proportion to B
? AB 成正比/反比
组成部分
? 1. 用说明性的句子合理改写题目，说明图表
? 2. 图表描述；趋势描写；趋势比较
? 3. 作出客观结论
1) 时间段，研究对象(横、竖轴)以及所采用的
数字形式（percentage）
e.g. The graph/diagram/chart –shows- /unfolds /displays /indicates /reveals /illustrates /reflects /exhibits /aims to describe/is based on
2) 对总体趋势作出相应描述
e.g. It can be clearly seen that / At first glance, we can see that… e.g. Indicators of this chart reveal that the 3 countries have experienced a fluctuation
3) 描写整体趋势的句型
There is / was an overall increase/decrease in…
The general trend is that the female students…
There is / was a steady increase/ decrease…
? The increase in A corresponds with the decrease in B ? The trend continued to increase through 60’s to 70’s
图表描述——饼图
1）描写内容强调成分与成分间的比较关系，要描述最大和最小的组成部分，中间部分可一笔带过，或分类描述，如很少就具体描述。
2）如果出现两个饼图：
– 从相应部分的消长关系入手，描写最显著的、最特殊的变化，注意有没有消失部分。
– 总量变化
? e.g. While some components of expenditures, namely, utilities, transport and entertainment increase slightly, other items including food and travel decrease gradually.
图表描述——线形图/柱状图
*general trend. 出现在introduction中，注意大变化和小变化。
趋势与趋势/变化之间的过渡。
e.g. The gradual increase leads to a sharp increase.
描写过程
应包括三个内容：
1.对某个趋势的描写；
2.数据导入；
3.趋势比较；
*注意时态问题。
*注意图表间的逻辑关系
图表描述表达——增长
1. small increase/ increase by the least amounts/ slight/modest/ marginal
2. gradual / slow/ stable increase
e.g. The (expenditure of food) see/ experience/ report/ record/ support/
3.big / massive/ sharp/ dramatic/steeply/ sudden/ substantial (大幅度)increase
increase----syn. rise, growth, leap, soar,
4. summit/ peak
e.g. Sales peak at 22,000 was in May
图表描述表达——减少
1. small/slight/ decrease
Syn. drop, fall, decline, diminish
句型：* 主体+ 动词+ad.+时间
* there be + a +趋势+时间
e.g. The sales increase sharply in May.
2. steady experienced a steady decrease.
3. great/huge/significant/gradually 具体数据或to the bottom)
4. reach the bottom of / bottom out/ reach the rock bottom
图表描述表达——波动
Fluctuation / fluctuate / up and down/ change within a range from…to…
图表描述表达——比较
1. A enjoys the same 趋势 as B
2. little difference
The difference in 比较方面 (sales) is very small.
A and B are similar in that they both experienced fluctuations during that period.
描述A, almost equal of B
A similar pattern is also 3. large difference: considerably/ considerable
描述 描述A, in contrast, almost the opposite occurred with B
图表描述表达——平稳
1. level off, level out,
2. stay/remain stable / steady /
constant / unchanged throughout / for about+阶段/时间
3. There was little change in
4. plateau（summit/high） reach a … at
百分比
? stand at / make up/ support/ claim /record/account for/ share/ take up
? E.g. Women represent 45% of the total population and men 55%.
? 倍数：double, triple, quadruple, fivefold
? 结论表达法：
? on the whole 用另外的词句描写总结趋势
? e.g. as the graph indicates / overall, the chart demonstrates that… ? From the graph, it is safe to conclude that…
? In summery,
句子连接词
? 取决于句子间关系
however/ while/ whilst/ on the other hand/at the other extreme/ compared to / in contrast
? This is followed by…
? A, while B..
? With a (decrease) following,…
? A starts at ( $200) and undergo ( an increase), lead to … ? Following (趋势)， there is a…
? some extra expression used in describing graphs. ? 对于线性图表的描述
? 上升
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
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?
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? 1. 对于上升趋势的描述： a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组： to increase to go up to rise to grow to jump to leap to soar to shoot to pick up
? b. 可以使用的名词：
? an increase
? a growth
? a jump
? a soar
? an upward trend
? 2. 对于上升到某个位置的描述：
? a. 1. a. 中的动词＋to＋具体数据。
? b. 1. a. 中的动词＋to＋the peak of＋具体数据。
? c. 1. a. 中的动词＋reaching the peak of +具体数据。 ? d. 1. a. 中的动词＋reaching + 具体数据。
? e. to peak at ＋ 具体数据
? f. to climb to + 具体数据
? 3. 对于上升的程度的描述：
? a. 1. a. 中的动词＋by ＋ 具体数据。
? b. 1. a. 中的动词＋副词。
? 下降
? 1. 对于下降趋势的描述：
? a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组：
? to fall
? to decrease
? to go down
? to slide
? to collapse
? to decline
? to drop
? b. 可以使用的名词：
? a collapse
? a decrease
? a fall
? a decline
? a drop
? 2. 对于下降到某个位置的描述：
? a. 1. a. 中的动词＋to＋具体数据。
? b. 1. a. 中的动词＋to＋the bottom of＋具体数据。 ? c. 1. a. 中的动词＋reaching the bottom of +具体数据。 ? d. 1. a. 中的动词＋reaching + 具体数据。
?
? 3. 对于下降程度的描述：
? a. 1. a. 中的动词＋by ＋ 具体数据。
? b. 1. a. 中的动词＋副词。
? 对于平稳的趋势的描述：
? 可以使用的动词或动词词组：
? to hardly change
? to have little change
? to keep steady
? to level off
? to remain constant
? to stay the same
? 表示程度的副词：
? 1. 程度较大：
? considerably
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
? dramatically greatly markedly obviously quickly rapidly sharply significantly suddenly
? 2. 程度较小：
? slightly
? gradually
? slowly
? steadily
? 时间的嵌入
? 嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组：
? in
? from……to……
? between…….and……
? during……and……
? at the start of ……
? by the end of ……
? over ……
? at the end of ……
? throughout ……
?
?
?
? 上升和下降趋势的组合描述（嵌入了时间和程度之后）： 1. 先上升后下降的句型： ...... increased slowly during…… and …… but fell sharply in ……. A steady fall in …… during …… and …… followed the sharp increase in …….
?
? 2. 先下降后上升的句型：
?
?
?
?
? …… fell before …… began to make a recovery …… …… continue the recovery, climbing to …… …… dropped during …… but increased again in …… …… fell and then pick up during …… …… collapsed before rising to ……at the end of ……
? 3. 起伏波动的句型：
? …… fluctuated sharply all through ……
?
? 4. 波动不大的句型：
? …… hardly changed through the period between ……and ……
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? 趋 势 的 比 较 1. 表示相似的句型 (实例) ： Both share prices rose sharply in January. Neither company has made a profit yet. Like X, Y fell in June. X rose just as sharply as Y. 2. 表示差异的句型（实例）： X fell sharply whereas/while Y remained steady. X fell quickly compared to Y. Unlike Y, X rose by 10%. X rose far more dramatically than Y
? 3. 表示倍数的句型：
? the …… doubled/tripled in …… compared with those in …… ?
? 4. 客观比较的句型：
? …… is …… in contrast to ……
?
? 数 据 的 修 饰
? 1. 表示不足的词或词组：
– up to
– below
– under
– almost
– nearly
? 2. 表示超过的词或词组：
– over
– more than
– just over
结论表达法：
on the whole 用另外的词句描写总结趋势
e.g. as the graph indicates / overall, the chart demonstrates that… From the graph, it is safe to conclude that…
句子连接词
1.取决于句子间关系
however/ while/ whilst/ on the other hand/at the other extreme/ compared to / in contrast
2. This is followed by…
A, while B..
With a (decrease) following,…
A starts at ( $200) and undergo ( an increase), lead to …
Following (趋势)， there is a…
Overview
The writing test assesses candidates’ performance in a number of
areas:
? task completion
? organization of ideas
? appropriateness
? range of vocabulary
? accuracy of grammar and spelling
Task
? Fulfilling all parts of the task appropriately
? Keeping to the word limit
Language
? Task completion is so important that you can get high marks even with minor language mistakes.
? Show a range of vocabulary. Try not to repeat words
? Organize your ideas in several ways: addition, contrast , sequence ? Use headings, paragraphs and bullet points to improve clarity in memos and reports.
? Use language which is appropriate to the type of writing. Check your writing carefully.
? 检查的四个主要方面：
? 1.标点符号：
? 完全禁用的符号：
– ：―‖ 《》。
? 2.拼 写 ：
? 双写辅音
? y改成复数
?
? 3.语法：
? 主谓一致
? 冠词
? 次序
? 介词
? 时态
? 漏词
? 4.可能导致信息表达不清的因素： ? 太长的段落
? 太长的句子
? 运用不常使用的词汇
? 一次包含太多的信息
? 信息不完整
? 信息顺序混乱
?