现在完成时态总结

时间:2024.3.19

现在完成时态总结 第一部分: 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。学习现在完成时,先从结构和句式开始:构成:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他。(当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have。过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。)

否定式:主语 + haven"t/hasn"t + 过去分词 + 其他。 疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他? 简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)

No, 主语 + haven"t/hasn"t.(否定)

第二部分: 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:

* 以already, just和yet为标志

already, just和yet 表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。 He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。 He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。 He hasn"t come back yet. 他还没有回来。 * 以ever和never为标志

ever和never 表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。

This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。 He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。 * 以动作发生的次数为标志

若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次,则要使用现在完成时。

He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。 * 以so far为标志

so far往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。

He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。

She has passed the examso far. 到目前为止她已经通过了考试。 *以in the last/past+时间段为标志。

In the last/past five weeks,we have learnt 200 new words. 第三部分:过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。 *“终止”、“延续”要转换

英语中的动词从词义上可以分为延续性和非延续性两种,在现在完成时态中一定要注意动词这一特性,应将这类非延续性动词转换为延续性动词。如:

“The cat play” has been on for half an hour. 《猫》已经开演半个小时了。

How long have you had this dictionary? 这本字典你买了多久了。初中阶段常

见的有:come-be, go out -be out, leave-be away (from), begin-be on, buy-have, borrow-keep , join-be a member / 介词短语, die-be dead, become-be, open(v.)-be open(adj.) 等。 * 时间“点”、“段”须分清

过去开始的动作可以延续到某一点结束,也可能继续延续,这时就要根据时间“点”、“段”选择相应的介词for或since。如:

He has been away for two years. 他已走了两年。(for+时间段)

He has been an English teacher since 1992. 自从19xx年以来他一直当英语教师。(since+过去某一时刻) 一、 判断改错(把正确的写于旁边)

1.He has left Hangzhou for over a week. 2.How long have you borrowed this book?

3.The twins have joined the League since last year. 4.They’ve joined the army since two years ago. 5.He bought the book for only half a day. 6.He bought the book half a day ago.

7.Be quiet! The baby has just been asleep. 8.I’ve been in the shop since 1996. 9.He has cone back for a week.

10.Her daughter has gone to college since last year. 11.Miss Yang has been to Guangzhou for a week. 12.His grandfather has died for over ten years. 1. 现在完成时的结构:______________________________

2. 写出have been to, have gone to, have been in 的用法:

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 至少写出10个短暂性动词和其对应的延续性动词:

_______________________________________________________________________ 一. 选择填空

1.( ) Mr. Dong _____ actually ____ in Kowloon Walled City since he was

very young.A. have?lived B.has?livedC.have?live D.has ?living

2.( )----Do you know Yao Ming very well?

----Of course !.I _________a lot of news about him on TV so far. A. read B. am reading C. have read D. reads

3.( )---Now Nanjing is so beautiful that I can’t recognize it when I

came back.---Yes. Great changes ________ in the past ten years.

A. has taken place B. have taken place C. took place D. take place

4.( ) -Where is my English book ? -I ___it here but I can’t find it now. A. putted B. have just put C. was putting D. am putting 5.( )It’s 7:30. I can’t believe you _______ cooking dinner yet, Sandy. A.didn’t start B. haven’t started C. don’t start D. won’t start 6.( ) Mother ____me a new coat yesterday. I ____ it on. It fits me well.

Ahad made,have triedBmade,have triedChas made,tried D. made,tried

7.( )“He __to draw horses already”.“When ___ he learn?”“Last year”

A.learned,has B.learned,did C.has learned,has D has learned,did

8.( ) Tom _____up into the tree. Look, he ____ high up there ! A. has get?is B. has climbed?was C. got ?was D. climbed?is 9.( ) ____ you _____ the text _____ ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago.

A. Did?copy?yet?did B. Have?copied?already?have

C. Have?copied?yet?did D. Did ?copy?ever?had 10.( ) ---Have you got the plan ready _____?---No,_________.

A.already , not yet B.yet , not yet C.already , I haven’t D.ever , not yet 11.I _______ up early to do some morning exercises.

A. used to get B. used to getting C. used get D. used to get 12.----“ Mary has ______ finished the difficult work. What about his classmates?”----“_______”.A. yet; Not already B. not already; Not yet

C. already; Not still D. already; Not yet

13.I’m ____ busy this week that I have to have my dirty clothes ___ nearby. A. so; to be washed B. quite; washing C. so; washed D. very; washing 14 “We are going to the Zijin Mountain tomorrow.” “Have _____ .”

A. fun B. time C. wishes D. photos

15.I found my sister greatly ______ after watching the ______ film.

A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. exciting; excited D. excited; excited

1. Miss Brown has taught physics for 15 years.( 改为一般疑问句句,并作肯

定回答)____________________________________________

2. The soldiers have already planted some trees on the river bank.(改为

否定句)_______________________________________________ 3. He has planted some trees in front of his house.

____________________________________________________________ 4. Daniel has collected some Chinese stamps.

____________________________________________________________

5. The two Australian teachers have visited that village twice.

____________________________________________________________ 6. My friend has been away for about a month.

____________________________________________________________ 7. Millie hasn't come because he is ill.

____________________________________________________________ 8. She will be back in two days.(用for two days 改写)

####have和 get的用法

have表示”使“时(即用做使役动词)的用法有三种: 1.have sb/sth do sth:表示使某人做某事。

例:The teacher has students do homework every day. 2.have sb/sth dong sth:表示使某人一直做某事 例:He has the horse running all day. 3.have sb/sth done:表示使某人被... 例:He has his hair cut by his father.

**have to,“不得不,必须”,表示不是主观意愿

It’s dark outside,I have to go home。天黑了,我不得不回家。 肯定:Do you have to……? 否定:I don’t have to……。 have a talk 谈话 have a tea 喝茶

have a rest 休息一会儿 have a class 上课 have a hike 远足 have a picnic 野炊

have a concert 举办音乐会 have a visit 参观;访问 have a look 瞧一瞧 have a sleep 睡一会儿觉 get的用法:

1. get sth done "使某事被做;遭受了..."

例如: I want to get my hair cut.我想剪发(头发被剪) 2. get sth/sb to do sth "使得...去做某事"

在这里,sth/sb与do sth所表示的动作是主动/主谓的关系

如: Nobody can get him to work hard. 他虽然是get的宾语,却是"努力工作"的主语

表示使某人/某物被...

get on 上车 get off 下车get ready for做准备 get up起床get /be lost迷路get rid of 摆脱,解脱;get on/along with与某人相处,get to /arrive at/in /reach到达,get home到家


第二篇:现在完成时用法总结


Unit 9: 现在完成时讲解

一. 基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)

二. 句型:

否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.

一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.

简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)

No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)

三.用法

(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果

I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)

Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义:郭子君现在在这儿)

My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) (2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在

的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.

①for+时段

②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)

③since+时段+ago

④since+从句(过去时)

●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)

Mary has been ill for three days.

I have lived here since 1998.

四. has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别

Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)

Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.

Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)

My father has been to Shanghai.

Have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)

My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.

五.现在完成时的标志

1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: * 以already, just和yet为标志

He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。

He the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。 He back 他还没有回来。

* 以ever和never为标志

This is the best film I 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。

He to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。

* 以动作发生的次数为标志

He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。

* 以so far(到目前为止)为标+before

He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。

She has passed the examso far. 到目前为止她已经通过了考试。

2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。

* ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点(过去 从句)为标志

注意: 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday,last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能与when连用 2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用

六.过去分词

1 、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则:

(1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。

work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited

(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。

live---lived---lived ,

(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词,将 "y" 变为 "i" ,再加“ ed ”。

study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried

(4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped

七. 瞬间动词(buy,die,join,come,go ,leave,join ……)不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词

buy----have borrow -----keep

come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in

go out----be out leave ----be away

begin-----be on finish----be over

open----be open close -----be closed

die----be dead

★1.have代替buy

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.

★2、用keep或have代替borrow

I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.

★3、用be替代become

How long has your sister been a teacher?

★4、用have a cold代替catch a cold

Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.

★5、用wear代替put on

b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词

1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill

3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep

5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave

7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut

c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词

1“be+on”代start,begin

2“be+up”代get up

3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to

4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等 d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词

1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to

2.用be in the army 代替join the army

3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to

常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表:

1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.

→have been in sw./at…相应的介词

2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back

3. have come/gone out →have been out

4. have become → have been

9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose

5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open

6. have got up → have been up;

7. have died → have been dead;

8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.

9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep;

10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over;

11. havemarried → have been married;

12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ;

13. have begun → have been on

14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had

15. have lost → haven’t had

16. have put on →have worn

17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold;

18. have got to know → have known

19. have/has gone to → have been in

20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army

→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…

现在完成时练习(一)

A)选用have, has填空:

1.I _______ told him the news. 2.She ________ come back from school.

3.You ________ won the game.

B)按要求改写下列各句:

4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句) _________________________________________

5.He has lost his book.

(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)_________________________________________

C) 单项选择

6. -Where have you _____, Kate?

-I've ______ to the bank.

A. gone, gone B. been, been C. gone, been D. been, gone

7. Her grandfather ______ for two years.

A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. has been died

8. It's six weeks ______ I met you last.

A. when B. since C. before D. for

9. Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.

A. have got B. have gone to C. have been to D. have reached

一、 单项选择。

1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .(呼和浩特) A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know

2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?

A. already B.never C.ever D. still

3、Have you met Mr Li ______?

A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago

4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years .

A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written

5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ . A. has changed ; well B. changed ; good

C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better

6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .

A. was ; studying B. will ; study

C. has ; studied D. are ; studying

7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew

8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .

A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see

9、—These farmers have been to the United States .

—Really ? When _____ there ?

A. will they go B. did they go

C. do they go D. have they gone

10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?

—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished

C. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish

11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in

12、—Do you know him well ?

— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .

A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made

13、—How long have you ____ here ?

—About two months .

A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived

14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

A. has begun B. had begun

C. has been on D. began

15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .

A. is B. has C. will D. was

16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .

A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been

17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .

A. have been in B. have been to

C. have gone to D. have been

18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?

A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they

19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?

A. How soon, comes B. How often, got

A. have been in B. have been to

C. have gone to D. have been

18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?

A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they

19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?

A. How soon, comes B. How often, got

4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)

This factory ________ for twenty years.

5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)

Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.

6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .(同义句)

Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .

7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)

_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.

8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) ___________________________________________

三、 汉译英。

1、 吉姆已做完作业,他现在有空了。

2、 他昨天收到一封信。

3、 我父亲以前到过长城。

4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。

5、 她去过上海。

6、 他这些天上哪儿去了?

更多相关推荐:
高中英语时态总结

一般现在时经常发生或反复发生的动作现实的情况或状态永恒的真理Sheworkseighthoursaday.HeisalawstudentItsnowsinwinter静态动词、短暂动词用于一般现在时现在进行时一…

高中英语时态总结

一、现在进行时与一般现在时的区别(1)现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作,而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I’mreadingastorynow.我在看一个故事。(目前正在干的事情)Ireadstori…

9种英语时态总结归纳 高考适用

9种英语时态总结归纳时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此,当我们说时态的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。9+3时态总结表1.一般现在时(be;do/does)1)表示现在发…

PEP小学英语时态总结

小学英语时态小结一、一般现在时:用来叙述经常性发生的事情、习惯和爱好等,时间词有:sometimes\often\usually\everymorning(afternoon,evening,day,week,…

小学英语时态总结

一般现在时标志词:always(总是)usually(通常)often(经常)sometimes(有时)never(从不)every(每一)一般现在时动词只有第三人称单数(he,she,it或mycousin,…

小学英语四大时态总结及练习题

你知道时态是什么意思吗?时态代表什么吗?小学英语就四个时态,你掌握了吗?你能发现它们之间的共同点和不同点吗?勤加练习,百战不殆I.把下列动词变为第三人称单数形式。1.clean--2.go--3.have--4…

pep小学英语四种时态总结

一.一般现在时表示一般情况下按照某种频度发生的事,或者存在的某种状态。特征:句子中一般有usuallyoften等表示频度的词。1.陈述句句子结构。a、主语(非第三人称单数)+动词原形+时间、地点等例:Usua…

初一上学期英语时态总结

一般现在时:用来叙述经常性发生的事情、习惯和爱好等,或者是指一些客观存在的事实或规律。时间词有sometimes\often\usually\always\everymorning(afternoon,even…

初一下册英语时态总结 进行时 过去式 现在

派迪初一下册英语语法时态总结一、一般现在时:often,always,usually,sometimes,seldom,never,everyday/week1一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作,也可表示现在的状…

法语时态总结

法语时态总结简单版时态分类:现在时leprésentdel’indicatif将来时Lefuturedel’indicatif最近将来时Futureproche简单将来时Futuresimple未完成过去时L’…

法语时态总结Ian

很多人都会把英语的那套理论用在法语上,譬如:在法语中表现在的时态有,现在时;表过去的时态有:未完成获取时、复合过去时、愈过去时、简单过去时和先将来时;表将来的时态有:简单将来时和先将来时。如果是这样分类去学习的…

小学英语时态总结

小学时态总结1.一般现在时用法:A)表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。B)习惯用语。C)经常性、习惯性动作。例:Healwayshelpsothers.(他总是帮助别人。)D)客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意…

时态总结(235篇)