5/22/2012 Ab2 Wate 2011301360115

The Meal Sold in a Supermarket This is a pie chart that shows the proportion of the meal sold in a supermarket.The total meat sold in the supermarket is classified into six types as follows: chicken, pork, beef, lamb, fish and others.

Overall, chicken has the largest proportion, which accounts for 40%, while others has the smallest percentage, at 2%.

As can be seen in the pie chart, chicken, which makes up 40%, is the most popular among the total meat sold, then next is pork with 20%, followed by beef, constituting 18%; and finally come lamb, fish and others at 15%, 5% and 2% respectively, It should be noted that the sale of pork is half as much as that of chicken. And it is also interesting to note that the sale of chicken is 20 times as much as that of others.

It can be concluded from the pie chart that chicken is most commonly boughtmeat while others is the least commonly bought meat.

第二篇：饼状图

用ASP.net/C#画条形图，饼状图，曲线图的源代码2008-08-14 21:20Chart.aspx.cs的代码：using System;using System.Collections;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Web;using System.Web.SessionState;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;using System.Drawing;using System.Drawing.Imaging;namespace aspCharts{////// Chart 的摘要说明。///public class Chart : System.Web.UI.Page{private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e){Graphics objGraphics;//建立画板对象Bitmap objBitMap = new Bitmap(600,300);//建立位图对象objGraphics = Graphics.FromImage(objBitMap);//根据位图对象建立画板对象objGraphics.Clear(Color.White);//设置画板对象的背景色int[] arrValues={0,0,0,0,0,0};//数据数组arrValues[0]=50;arrValues[1]=70;arrValues[2]=90;arrValues[3]=100;arrValues[4]=140;arrValues[5]=220;string[] arrValueNames={”0″,”0″,”0″,”0″,”0″,”0″};//月份arrValueNames[0] = “一月”;arrValueNames[1]=”二月”;arrValueNames[2] = “三月”;arrValueNames[3]=”四月”;arrValueNames[4]=”五月”;arrValueNames[5]=”六月”;objGraphics.DrawString(”上半年销售情况统计”,new Font(”宋体”,16),Brushes.Black,new PointF(0,0));//创建图例文字PointF symbolLeg = new PointF(335,20);PointF descLeg = new PointF(360,16);//画出图例。利用objGraphics图形对象的三个方法画出图例：//FillRectangle()方法画出填充矩形，DrawRectangle()方法画出矩形的边框，//DrawString()方法画出说明文字。这三个图形对象的方法在 .NET 框架类库类库中均已重载，//可以很方便根据不同的参数来画出图形。for(int i=0;i{objGraphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(GetColor(i)),symbolLeg.X,symbolLeg.Y,20,10);objGraphics.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,symbolLeg.X,symbolLeg.Y,20,10);objGraphics.DrawString(arrValueNames[i].ToString(),new Font(”宋体”,10),Brushes.Black,descLeg);symbolLeg.Y += 15;descLeg.Y += 15;}for(int j = 0;j{objGraphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(GetColor(j)),(j*35)+15,200-arrValues[j],20,arrValues[j]+5);objGraphics.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,(j*35)+15,200-arrValues[j],20,arrValues[j]+5);}float sglCurrentAngle;float sglTotalAngle=0;for (int a = 0; a < arrValues.Length; a++){sglTotalAngle += arrValues[a];//取得数据总量 }float startAngle = 0;for (int b = 0; b < arrValues.Length; b++){sglCurrentAngle = arrValues[b] / sglTotalAngle * 360;//求出该数据所占总数据的百分比 objGraphics.FillPie(new SolidBrush(GetColor(b)), 220, 95, 100, 100, startAngle, sglCurrentAngle);//画出椭圆 startAngle += sglCurrentAngle;}objBitMap.Save(Response.OutputStream,ImageFormat.Gif);

//该位图对象以”GIF”格式输出}private Color GetColor(int itemIndex){Color objColor = new Color();switch(itemIndex){case 0:objColor = Color.Blue;break;case 1:objColor = Color.Yellow;break;case 2:objColor = Color.Red;break;case 3:objColor = Color.Orange;break;case 4:objColor = Color.Purple;break;case 5:objColor = Color.Brown;break;case 6:default:objColor = Color.Blue;break;}return objColor;}#region Web 窗体设计器生成的代码override protected void OnInit(EventArgs e){//// CODEGEN: 该调用是 ASP.NET Web 窗体设计器所必需的。//InitializeComponent();base.OnInit(e);}////// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改/// 此方法的内容。///private void InitializeComponent(){this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load);}#endregion}}用ASP.Net画条形图和饼图【摘 要】越来越多的Web应用需要使用图表来进行数据显示和分析，利用ASP.NET中关于图形显示的类，就可以画出丰富，动态的图表。本文代码是基于Beta2开发 例如：投票结果显示，公司生产情况统计图显示分析等等。利用图表来显示数据，具有直观，清晰等优点。传统的ASP技术是不支持画图表的，那么就不得不利用Active X或者Java applets来实现这个功能。新近出现的ASP.NET解决了这个问题，只要利用ASP.NET中关于图形显示的类，就可以画出丰富，动态的图表。本文将要讲述如何利用ASP.NET技术结合ADO.NET技术画条形图和饼图。 首先建立一个c#的类库。打开vs.net，建立一个名为Insight_cs.WebCharts新的类库工程，将解决方案的名称改为Insight，将Class.cs文件名改为Insight_cs.WebCharts.cs，最后打开Insight_cs.WebCharts.cs文件。其中代码如下： /*自定义类，通过输入不同的参数，这些类可以画不同的图形 */using System;using System.IO;//用于文件存取using System.Data;//用于数据访问using System.Drawing;//提供画GDI+图形的基本功能using System.Drawing.Text;//提供画GDI+图形的高级功能using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;//提供画高级二维，矢量图形功能using System.Drawing.Imaging;//提供画GDI+图形的高级功能 namespace Insight_cs.WebCharts{public class PieChart{public PieChart(){} public void Render(string title, string subTitle, int width, int height, DataSet chartData, Stream target){const int SIDE_LENGTH = 400;const int PIE_DIAMETER = 200; DataTable dt = chartData.Tables[0];//通过输入参数，取得饼图中的总基数float sumData = 0;foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows){sumData += Convert.ToSingle(dr[1]);} //产生一个image对象，并由此产生一个Graphics对象Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width,height);Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bm); //设置对象g的属性g.ScaleT

ransform((Convert.ToSingle(width))/SIDE_LENGTH,(Convert.ToSingle(height))/SIDE_LENGTH);g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.Default;g.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;//画布和边的设定g.Clear(Color.White);g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,0,0,SIDE_LENGTH-1,SIDE_LENGTH-1); //画饼图标题g.DrawString(title,new Font("Tahoma",24),Brushes.Black,new PointF(5,5)); //画饼图的图例g.DrawString(subTitle,new Font("Tahoma",14),Brushes.Black,new PointF(7,35)); //画饼图float curAngle = 0;float totalAngle = 0;for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++){curAngle = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][1]) / sumData * 360;g.FillPie(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),100,65,PIE_DIAMETER,PIE_DIAMETER,totalAngle,curAngle);g.DrawPie(Pens.Black,100,65,PIE_DIAMETER,PIE_DIAMETER,totalAngle,curAngle); totalAngle += curAngle;} //画图例框及其文字g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,200,300,199,99);g.DrawString("Legend",new Font("Tahoma",12,FontStyle.Bold),Brushes.Black,new PointF(200,300));//画图例各项PointF boxOrigin = new PointF(210,330);PointF textOrigin = new PointF(235,326); float percent = 0;for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++){g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10);g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10); percent = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][1]) / sumData * 100;g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][0].ToString() + " - " + dt.Rows[i][1].ToString() + " (" + percent.ToString("0") + "%)",new Font("Tahoma",10),Brushes.Black,textOrigin);boxOrigin.Y += 15;textOrigin.Y += 15;} //通过Response.OutputStream，将图形的内容发送到浏览器bm.Save(target, ImageFormat.Gif); //回收资源bm.Dispose();g.Dispose();}} //画条形图public class BarChart{public BarChart(){} public void Render(string title, string subTitle, int width, int height, DataSet chartData, Stream target){const int SIDE_LENGTH = 400;const int CHART_TOP = 75;const int CHART_HEIGHT = 200;const int CHART_LEFT = 50;const int CHART_WIDTH = 300; DataTable dt = chartData.Tables[0];//计算最高的点float highPoint = 0;foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows){if(highPoint<Convert.ToSingle(dr[1])){highPoint = Convert.ToSingle(dr[1]);}} //建立一个Graphics对象实例Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width,height);Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bm); //设置条图图形和文字属性g.ScaleTransform((Convert.ToSingle(width))/SIDE_LENGTH,(Convert.ToSingle(height))/SIDE_LENGTH);g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.Default;g.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;//设定画布和边g.Clear(Color.White);g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,0,0,SIDE_LENGTH-1,SIDE_LENGTH-1); //画大标题g.DrawString(title,new Font("Tahoma",24),Brushes.Black,new PointF(5,5)); //画小标题g.DrawString(subTitle,new Font("Tahoma",14),Brushes.Black,new PointF(7,35)); //画条形图float barWi

dth = CHART_WIDTH / (dt.Rows.Count * 2);PointF barOrigin = new PointF(CHART_LEFT + (barWidth / 2),0);float barHeight = dt.Rows.Count;for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++){barHeight = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][1]) * 200 / highPoint;barOrigin.Y = CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT - barHeight; g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),barOrigin.X,barOrigin.Y,barWidth,barHeight);barOrigin.X = barOrigin.X + (barWidth * 2);} //设置边g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black,2),new Point(CHART_LEFT,CHART_TOP),new Point(CHART_LEFT,CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT));g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black,2),new Point(CHART_LEFT,CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT),new Point(CHART_LEFT + CHART_WIDTH,CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT)); //画图例框和文字g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Black,1),200,300,199,99);g.DrawString("Legend",new Font("Tahoma",12,FontStyle.Bold),Brushes.Black,new PointF(200,300));//画图例PointF boxOrigin = new PointF(210,330);PointF textOrigin = new PointF(235,326); for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++){g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10);g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10); g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][0].ToString() + " - " + dt.Rows[i][1].ToString(),new Font("Tahoma",10),Brushes.Black,textOrigin);boxOrigin.Y += 15;textOrigin.Y += 15;} //输出图形bm.Save(target, ImageFormat.Gif);//资源回收bm.Dispose();g.Dispose();}} public class ChartUtil{public ChartUtil(){} public static Color GetChartItemColor(int itemIndex){Color selectedColor; switch(itemIndex){case 0:selectedColor = Color.Blue;break;case 1:selectedColor = Color.Red;break;case 2:selectedColor = Color.Yellow;break;case 3:selectedColor = Color.Purple;break;default:selectedColor = Color.Green;break;} return selectedColor;}}} 代码分析：1.引入一些namespaceusing System;using System.IO;//用于文件存取using System.Data;//用于数据访问using System.Drawing;//提供画GDI+图形的基本功能using System.Drawing.Text;//提供画GDI+图形的高级功能using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;//提供画高级二维，矢量图形功能using System.Drawing.Imaging;//提供画GDI+图形的高级功能这些namespace将在后面被应用。2.自定义一个namespace为Insight_cs.WebCharts，其中包括了两个类PieChart和BarChart，很清楚，class PieChart是为画饼图而建，class BarChart是为画条形图而建。由于class PieChart和class BarChar差不多，所以下面我们以饼图为例，进行代码分析。3.类PieChart建立一个方法Render，此方法可以含一些参数。简单说明如下：参数title，表示饼图上方的大标题文字。参数subtitle，表示饼图上方的小标题文字。参数width，height，表示了整个图形的大小。参数charData是一个DataSet对象实例，用于画图使用。参数targe

t是Stream对象的实例，用于图形输出时使用。4.为了增加可读性，定义一些常量：const int SIDE_LENGTH = 400;//画布边长const int PIE_DIAMETER = 200;//饼图直径5.定义一个DataTable，它是DataSet中的一个数据表。其中存放了饼图的各个数据。6.通过计算，得出饼图中的总基数sumData。7.建立了一个BitMap对象，它为要创建的图形提供了内存空间。并由此产生一个Graphics对象，它封装了GDI+画图接口。8.调用Graphics对象的方法ScaleTransform()，它是用来设定图形比例的。9.调用方法SmoothingMode()，TextRenderingHint()等来设置文字和图形的相关属性。9.设置画布和边。10.设置文字标题，图例，画饼图自身。11.通过Stream，将图形的内容发送到浏览器。12.最后回收资源。 至此画饼图的类就完成了。画条形图的方法和画饼图的方法大同小异，这里就不展开讲了。 总体看来，构建画图的类没有我们想象的那样难，并没有多么高深的算法。其实整体思路，就好像我们用笔在纸上画图是一摸一样的。关键是各个方法的使用和参数设置。我们在前面已经完成了饼图和条形图的自定义类，下面我们将要应用这些类了。使用vs.net新建一个名为Insight_cs的Web应用程序，并且添加到刚才的Insight工程中。删除默认的webform1.aspx文件，新建一个名为SalesChart.aspx文件。打开此文件，在代码模式下，将第一行替换为：<%@ Page ContentType="image/gif" Language="c#" AutoEventWireup="false" Codebehind="SalesChart.aspx.cs" Inherits="Insight_cs.SalesChart" %>打开文件SalesChart.aspx.cs，其中代码如下所示：using System;using System.Data;using System.Web;using System.IO;using System.Data.SqlClient;using Insight_cs.WebCharts;//这是自定义的名字空间 namespace Insight_cs{public class SalesChart : System.Web.UI.Page{public SalesChart(){Page.Init += new System.EventHandler(Page_Init);} private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e){//从数据库中取得数据，用于画图string sql = "SELECT " +"Year(sa.ord_date) As [Year], " +"SUM(sa.qty) As [Qty] " +"FROM " +"sales sa " +"inner join stores st on(sa.stor_id = st.stor_id) " +"GROUP BY " +"Year(sa.ord_date) " + "ORDER BY " + "[Year]"; string connectString = "Password=ben; User ID=sa; DataBase=pubs;Data Source=localhost"; SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(sql,connectString);DataSet ds = new DataSet();int rows = da.Fill(ds,"chartData"); //设定产生图的类型（pie or bar）string type = "";if(null==Request["type"]){type = "PIE";}else{type = Request["type"].ToString().ToUpper();} //设置图大小int width = 0;if(null==Request["width"]){width = 400;}else{width = Convert.ToInt32(Request["width"]);} int height = 0;if(null==Request["height"]){height = 400;

}else{height = Convert.ToInt32(Request["height"]);} //设置图表标题string title = "";if(null!=Request["title"]){title = Request["title"].ToString();} string subTitle = "";if(null!=Request["subtitle"]){subTitle = Request["subtitle"].ToString();} if(0<rows){switch(type){case "PIE":PieChart pc = new PieChart();pc.Render(title,subTitle,width,height,ds,Response.OutputStream);break;case "BAR":BarChart bc = new BarChart();bc.Render(title,subTitle,width,height,ds,Response.OutputStream);break;default:break;}}} private void Page_Init(object sender, EventArgs e){//// CODEGEN: This call is required by the ASP.NET Web Form Designer.//InitializeComponent();} #region Web Form Designer generated code/// <summary>/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify/// the contents of this method with the code editor./// </summary>private void InitializeComponent(){ this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load);}#endregion}}以上的代码并没有什么难的，这里就不做分析了。在vs.net中，打开Insight_cs solution，右击”引用“，将出现”添加引用“，将组件文件Insight_cs.WebCharts.dll加入，使其成为项目中的namespace。下面我们就可以浏览结果了。首先建立一个demochart.aspx文件，在其代码中，加入一下内容：<IMG alt="Sales Data - Pie"src="SalesChart.aspx?type=pie&width=300&height=300&title=Sales+by+Year&subtitle=Books"> <IMG alt="Sales Data - Bar"src="SalesChart.aspx?type=bar&width=300&height=300&title=Sales+by+Year&subtitle=Books"> type表示显示图形的类型，是饼图pie，还是条形图bar。width，height表示图形的大小。title表示大标题文字。subtitle表示小标题文字。。 由此，我们完成了利用asp.net技术画图的过程。综合起来，可以总结出以下几点：1.利用ASP.NET技术，可以在不使用第三方组件的情况下，画出理想的图形。2.画图核心是构造一个BitMap（位图）对象，它为要创建的图形提供了内存空间。然后，利用有关namespace提供的类和方法画出图形。最后就可以调用Bitmap对象的“Save”方法，将其发送到任何.NET的输出流中，这里是直接将图形的内容发送到浏览器，而没有将其保存到磁盘中。