初二英语学习中的分化现象反思

初二英语组 庞彩凤

在初中阶段的英语教学中，初二年级的分化现象是所有英语教师最为头痛的事了。它不但直接影响着学生在英语学习方面的可持续发展，同时也阻碍了初中英语教学质量的提高。因此，如何防止分化，大面积提高教学质量，使学生在初中阶段获得较好的成绩，是我们英语教师一直以来不断讨论并着手解决的问题。

下面分析一下学生在学习英语方面产生分化现象的原因。

首先，我校学生的来源比较复杂。经调查大部分家长对孩子学习英语的要求不高，他们认为自己的孩子反正也不出国，也不与外国人打交道，英语好不好没关系。有些孩子也认为自己不是上大学的料，英语学不学都无所谓。这两种想法的结合，导致了部分孩子对学习英语缺乏信心或兴趣不浓。其次，大部分学生在小学已学过三，四年的英语，而有些外地来的借读生没学过英语，这就造成初中启始阶段出现个体差异现象。再有，随着教材难度的逐渐加深以及初二阶段学生进入青春期后，身心发展的不协调，那些意志力薄弱，注意力不集中的学生，在学习英语过程中遇到困难时，很容易产生信心不足或厌学情绪。

针对这些情况我在教学中采取了以下几点措施来阻止学生两极分化。 一、掌握学困生心理，建立良好的师生情感

教育心理学告诉我们，学困生同样具有进取心，自尊心，渴望进步。作为教师对具体学生要作具体分析。要晓之以理，动之以情，使学生能从思想上认识到学习英语的重要性。比如在我所教的班级里有位女生，人长的非常美丽动人，进入青春期后，经常受到一些男生的明追暗恋，而她的父母因工作忙，忽视了对孩子青春期的正确引导。这就使她在思想上有些茫然，上课有时心不在焉，作业有时不完成，学习成绩不断下降，相反她的着装打扮开始与众不同。看到这一切之后，我课下有意识地找她聊天，在赞许她美丽外表之余，希望她学习成绩也应该如此美丽。与此同时, 给予她学习方法的指导，利用课余时间耐心帮助她补习功课。上课对她提一些较容易的问题，满足她的表现欲，增强她学习英语的信心和兴趣，最终使她初二期末考试提高了20 分的好成绩。另外，对于一些有可能掉队的学生，我也是及早指出他们在学习英语中存在的问题，帮他们分析原因并说明掉队的严重后果，做到防患于未然。

二、认真钻研教材，采取有效的教学方法

英语教学和其他学科一样，有严谨的系统性和连贯性。学生在初一阶段所获得的语言技能，能否在初二年级得到继续发展，是防止分化的又一个问题。因此 ，我在教学中采取一些比较直观，贴近生活的方法，吸引学生的注意力，引领学生学习英语。

1.巧设问题情景，降低学习难度

在教学中我总是借助挂图，实物，以及生活中的实例等，设计问题情景，把学生引入到真实的语言情景中。如教“打电话“这一话题时，我出示了一张两位同学正在打电话的图片后，就问学生What are they doing ? 同学们说：“他们正在打电话。”“那你们平时都怎么打电话呢？”有的同学说：“是某某家吗？麻烦您叫一下他好吗？” 还有的同学说：“您好！某某在家吗？”等等。我在肯定他们的答案同时也表扬了他们的礼貌用语，接着我进一步询问他们接电话时怎么回答，同学们又争先恐后地说出了几种不同答案。看到同学们兴趣高涨，气氛轻松活跃 。于是我介绍说“林涛和李磊正在打电话，林涛在电话里怎么作自我介绍的？我要找谁谁，英语又是怎么说的呢？请听录音。”听力输入完毕之后，学生们纷纷举手效仿文中对话进行回答，思维很活跃。

2.采取分层教学，注重教学效果

课堂上，我根据学生的学习成绩及智力因素把他们分A,B,C三个层次，进行分层教学。每天上课，我百分之八十以上时间是站在B、C层次之间的过道里，随时关注着他们对所学知识的掌握情况，随时对他们进行提问。对于学困生不易掌握的语法，我就想方设法编成公式和顺口溜，让他们进行背记，例如在学完形容词、副词比较级、最高级之后，我就把它们变成了如下方式：

比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er; 词尾若有哑音e, 直接加r就可以。辅音重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写；辅音字母加上y, 先把y改成i，再把er后面带。最高级加-est, 前面加-the莫忘记；形容词若是多音节，只把-more,-most前面加。总之，运用浅显易懂的语言讲解，直到他们听懂为止。。

3.组织学习小组，帮助学困生学习

按成绩好，中，差三人一组。上阅读课时，以小组为单位，共同翻译课文大意，讨论文章后面的问题，写出一致的答案，等待最后的评比。这样，基础较差

的学生不但从他人那里得到了答案，同时也学会了思考方法，从而切实感受到自己的进步，进而增强了学习英语的内在动力。

4.开展小竞赛，激发学生学习英语兴趣

古人云：“师傅领进门，修行靠个人。”也就是说学习大多数时间都落到学生自己的行动中。唯物辩证法认为“外因是变化的条件，内因是变化的根据，外因通过内因起作用。”

因此，激发学生的学习内在动力，使学生积极主动地学习，也是防止分化的一个重要方面。初二学生已经学了几百个大纲词。为了防止学生遗忘，我们分阶段搞了几次百次竞赛。赛前头两周，我利用午自习时间帮助B, C 层次的学生按单词的拼读规律复习百词，（实际上也是教他们学记单词的方法）有意识地督促他们背记单词。经过两周辅导，在竞赛中取得优异成绩的名单上也出现了B, C层的学生了。于是，我因势利导，在班上表扬他们，给他们颁发奖状， 同时打电话向家长报喜，扩大声势。这无形中大大激发了学生们学习英语的热情，增强了学习英语的兴趣，为顺利进入初三学习，打下了基础。

总之，要想防止学生分化，教师要细心观察每一个学生的动态，尤其成绩落后的学生，要和他们交朋友，不要歧视他们，更不要动不动就训斥他们，要不断为他们创造成功的机会，让他们更多地品尝到成功的喜悦。激发他们学习的动力，达到他们自己想学的目的，从而做到大面积提高教学成绩。

第二篇：初二英语试题

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? 初二年级第四次学情调研试卷 2013.12.11 初二英语 试卷分值：100分 考试时间：80分钟 得分____________ 一、单项选择（15分） ( )1. There are _______minutes in _______hour. A sixty; a B. sixty; an C. sixteen; a D. sixteen; an ( )2.The rich man _______ much food_______ the poor families during the hard time. A. provides, to B. provides, with C. provided, with D. provided, for ( )3.There is a lot of bread on the table. Can I have ______? A. much B. many C. any D. some ( )4.I did not watch TV last night ______ I had a lot of homework to do. A. if B. because C. when D. but ( )5. Some people in the mountains hunt wild animals ______ a living. A. at B. to C. with D. for ( )6. You can call me ____ 0512—51234567 or e—A. on; at B. at; on B. by; on D. in; on ( )7. Last night I was at home _______ watching TV. A. aloud B. alive C. along D. alone ( ) 8. When did you see the lovely panda ______ the first time? A. at B. for C. in D. on ( ) 9.A large number of birds to Zhalong for a short stay every year. A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming ( space for wildlife in the world if we keep taking forests. A. fewer and fewer B. less and less C. fewer and less D. less and fewer ( )11.It is raining hard outside. I _________ stay at home. A. must B. have to C. had to D. can ( )12.If we don’t take actions to protect the wolves, there will be soon no

初二英语（第 1 页 共 6 页）

wolves__________ in the world.

A. leave B. leaving C. left D. leaves ( )13 Mother told the visitors _________ walk quietly and ________ wake the baby up. A. to; to B. not to; not to C. not to; to D. to; not to

( )14. --- does the baby mouse weigh? ---About 20 grams.

A. How heavy B. What C. How many D. How much

( )15.You’d better ___________ play football on the street. It’s very dangerous.

A. not to play B. not play C. play D. not playing

二、完形填空(10分)

A bee went to a river to drink. As it was it was carried away(被冲走) by the running water. A ’s danger. It picked（摘） a leaf off a tree and threw（扔） it into the water 3 the bird. The bee 4 climb onto the leaf, and it was brought（被带到）to the . The bee thanked the bird and then flew away.

Several days the bird was sitting in the tree. It did not see that a man was aiming （瞄准）his 7 at it. But the bee 8 what the man was doing. So the bee flew into the man’s . The man see the bird and was not able to shoot it. The bird flew away.

( ) 1. A. eating B. drinking C. swimming D. playing

( ) 2. A. kind B. unkind C. polite D. rude

( ) 3. A. behind B. after C. in the front of D. in front of

( ) 4. A. can B. is able to C. was able to D. might

( ) 5. A. water B. tree C. sky D. bank

( ) 6. A. ago B. later C. before D. after

( ) 7. A. eye B. gun C. bee D. bird

( ) 8. A. see B. saw C. heard D. nose

( ) 9. A. eye B. hair C. head D. nose

( ) 10.A.can’t B. couldn’t C. can D. could

三、阅读理解（20分）

(A)

初二英语（第 2 页 共 6 页）

There are many kinds of tigers all over the world, and the largest tiger is Northeast Tiger. Most Northeast Tigers live in the northeast of China, like Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province. Because there are many forests and mountains, the tigers usually like living there. In the forests and mountains, there are fewer people getting out and coming in. So the tigers and deer.

The Northeast Tiger are different from the ordinary(普通的) tigers. For example, the Northeast Tigers can swim very well, but can’t climb the trees. The Northeast Tigers’ hearing is the best, and no matter how low the sound is they can hear it.

As the number of the tigers becomes smaller and smaller, we should protect the tigers as well as we can from now on.

( ) 1.Most Northeast Tiger enjoy living ____________.

A. in the grass fields and by the rivers B. in the forests and mountains

C. in the deserts and on the hills D. on the farmlands and big trees

( ) 2.In the forests and mountains there are fewer people getting out and coming in

because ___.

A. tigers are dangerous to people B. they are busy working

C. they don’t like tigers at all D. they have no food for tigers

( ) 3.The small animals are afraid of tigers ______________.

A. to catch them for dinners B. to leave them for long time

C. not to live with them D. to hear them playing

( ) 4.The underlined words “run after” means _______.

A.尾随 B. 追逐 C.追求 D. 伺候

( ) 5.Which of the followings about Northeast Tigers is TRUE?

A. They are good at swimming and climbing trees.

B. They can only hear loud voice.

C. They can’t climb trees but have the best hearing.

D. We protect tigers because they become more and more.

初二英语（第 3 页 共 6 页）

(B)

We are learning English, but how can we learn English well? A student can know a lot about English, but maybe he can't speak English.

If you want to know how to swim, you must get into the river. And if you want to be a

football player, you must play football. So, you see, you can learn by using it. You must listen to your teacher carefully in class. You must speak English to your classmates every day and also you must write something in English. Then one day you may find your English is very good.

( ) 6. You know a lot about English, but maybe _______it.

A. you can speak B. you can study

C. you can't speak D. you can't study

( ) 7. You must get into the water_______.

A. to learn how to swim B. to skate C．to jump D．to play

( ) 8. If you want to be a football player, please_______.

A. buy a football B. play football

C. have some lessons D. read some books

( ) 9. If you want to study English well, you must often_______.

A. speak English to your classmates B. write something in English

C. listen to your teacher in class D．all the above

( ) 10. The best title(标题)for the passage is“_______”．

A．How to swim B. To be a good player

C. How to study English well D. To learn English well is important

四、词汇（15分）

A根据中文或首字母提示写出单词。

1.We must take a__________ to protect the wild animals.

2.If farmers keep t__________ lands, giant pandas will have nowhere to live.

3.Is there anything ________(其他的)left in the classroom?

4.They usually ________(分享)their joy with us.

初二英语（第 4 页 共 6 页）

班级 姓名 学号 ??????????????????密???????????封???????????线?????????????????? B用所给词的适当形式填空 5.Most people feel __________（frighten）if they see a snake. 6.I need another two students _________________(count) the birds. 7.Thank you very much for __________ (invite) me to your party. 8.We are so glad ________ (hear) the news. 9.You can’t make him ________ (do) what you want. 10.It is difficult for the boy ________ (swim) across the river. 11.He is the last one ________ (leave) the office every day. (climb). 13. Wha(mean) of the word "collect"? 14. The girl looks_______ (love). 15. I spent two hours _______ (do) my homework yesterday. 五、句型转换（15分） 1.Xiwang means hope.(对划线部分提问) ________ ________ Xiwang________? （对划线部分提问）. ________ ________ ________you go to the cinema? 3.These women are chatting happily. (改为感叹句) ________ ________these women are chatting! 4. Call a taxi, and you’ll catch the train.(用if 改为同义句) ________you ________ ________ a taxi, you ________miss the train. 5. There are some reading rooms in the library. （改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） ________there ________ reading rooms in the library? No, there________. 六、完成句子（15分） 1.这里一年到头有雨。 It is rainy here ________ ________ ________. 2.希望工程为贫困的孩子提供书本和好的学校。

初二英语（第 5 页 共 6 页）

Project Hope will ________ books and good schools ________the poor children.

3.小女孩舞姿优美，看上去像一个天使。

The little girl danced beautifully and ________ ________an angel.

4..我们需要为大熊猫做一些事情。

We need ________ ________ ________for giant pandas.

5.你能给我的箱子腾点儿地方吗？

Can you make________ ________ ________my box?.

6.这本新书帮助人们明白湿地的重要性。

The new book helps more people understand the________ ________ the wetlands. .

七、书面表达（10分）

题目: “My Ideal School Life”

要点提示: 1. 学校大而且漂亮，校园里有许多树和花，还有一条干净的小河。

2.每天早上8点上课，下午3点放学。

3.我们可以选择任何我们喜欢的科目，有音乐课、电脑课、家政课??

4. 我们没有许多家庭作业，有许多时间进行课外活动?? 每月还有学校的旅行，可以去??

“My Ideal School Life”

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初二英语（第 6 页 共 6 页）