目录
TOEFL.iBT 高分作文 思路＋范文 完美重排版 …………………………3
本部分填补了目前网络iBT 备考资料的空白。根据李笑来老师提供的作文思
路与《iBT 高分作文》原书范文重排。本部分对iBT 考试的独立写作部分与
口语部分均具有重要的参考作用。
范文中加粗部分均依为原书所有。
附录一 185 题库按关键词分类 …………………………………………184
照录原书附录
附录二 李笑来作文笔记（独立部分）…………………………………185
根据本人新东方听课详尽笔记整理而成
附录三 句法多样性专题 ………………………………………………193
附录四 例证表达法 ………………………………………………………199
时间匆忙，欢迎指出错误，将在后面的版本中修正。
感谢笑来老师给我们提供了如此之好的备考材料，一切版权归笑来老师所有。
仅供广大iBT 考生备考参考，建议购买原版以更好使用。
Lost Lawyer
2006 年11 月10 日
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TOEFL.iBT 高分作文 思路＋范文 完美重排版
1. Why people attend college?
People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
说明人们选择上大学的具体原因(一个或者多个)：增加经验、拓展知识、开阔视野为了实现理想(ideal; idealistic)(如，周恩来就是为中华之崛起而读书)为了保证将来的就业机会 父母要求子女上大学 别人都上大学了，所以自己也选择读书 找不到工作
("无知"，总是一部分人做出某个选择的理由。上大学如是[1]，去博物馆如是[12]，从事危险运动亦如是[43]。)
相关题目：[168]
『范文』
After graduating from high school many young people have the option to directly enter the work force. Most students who have the opportunity, however, decide to go to college before finding jobs (They attend college to obtain more choices,-higher salaries, and more opportunities for
advancement in an increasingly competitive job market. Before attending college, students have a limited opportunity to specialize. After obtaining a specific college degree a job applicant can be competitive for previously unavailable jobs. For instance, applicants with Computer Science degrees would not only be qualified for jobs in high-tech companies, they would also be well
prepared for any job with computer skills as a prerequisite. With a larger range of potential jobs to choose from, degree holders are more likely to find a job that suits their particular needs and interests.
Additionally, employers are willing to pay a premium for highly qualified applicants. For example, many companies desire employees who are competent in more than one language and offer higher
salaries to attract them. Even if a job applicant without a college degree has high standardized test scores, employers may still place a higher value on an applicant with similar test scores who also possesses credentials from a well-known university. Because of the extent to which a college
degree is accepted by employers as proof of competence in a given field, college graduates are not only more likely to receive more job offers, they can also command higher salaries than applicants who lack college diplomas.
Finally, in addition to offering more choices and higher salaries, a college degree offers access to jobs with a clear path towards professional advancement. A B.S. in biology, for example, could allow a student to find a job in a lab after graduation, a first step on the road towards a career in scientific research. The same major could also be used to apply to medical school, and a career as a doctor. Both of these avenues would be unavailable without taking the first step of an undergraduate degree in biology.
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2. Are parents the best teachers?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
因观点绝对而不能同意。
不是所有的父母都是好老师
最好的老师不仅仅是父母
有些父母尽管善良，但对教育孩子一无所知
有些父母不配做孩子的老师，对孩子有不良影响
『范文』
Obviously, in most cases the earliest teachers people have are their parents, and parents are
generally most concerned about the development of their children. However, it is not completely true to say that parents are the best teachers. First of all, not all parents are good teachers. As normal individuals, some parents more or less have some bad habits. Even though parents almost instinctively devote themselves to cultivating their offspring, the outcome might turn out to be disappointment, for all children tend to unconsciously or subconsciously copy everything including bad ones from their parents. Another deficiency of parents as teachers is the fact that most parents are lack of common senses of education. All too often we observe some parents tend to pursue their cherished but failed dream by forcing their children to develop in a prearranged direction. Ironically, when their children do not follow the instructions, the children will be
regarded as disobedient or allegedly rebellious. In fact, it is parents rather than their children that virtually disobey common senses. Moreover, some parents are qualified as good teachers, but not all of them are the best ones. When children are in the preliminary school, it is not surprising that parents are perhaps capable of teaching their children almost every subject even better than professional teachers in the school. But the situation will not last long. We live in a world where knowledge is accumulated by multiplying and at the same time becomes more and more
specialized. Therefore, to be a professional in a certain field today takes much longer time than has ever been before. No parent is able to be professional in all fields, though they might be
experts in one or more fields. Wise parents often release rather than charge their children as early
as possible. They are aware of the possibility outside the family. Parents may, nevertheless, help
their children much more than do good teachers. Most parts of children education are virtually
beyond teachers' reaches. It is parents that supplement. Psychology studies have shown us that
parents' love sometimes has astonishingly magic power to their children. Albeit Einstein's mother
and that of Forest Gump are both good examples. On the other hand, parents might do their
children harm more than do bad teachers as well. The natures of those children whose parents
have divorced are often severely distorted. In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that
parents are the best teachers.
3. Does easier-prepared food improve the way people live?
Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live?
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
总体上，―食物变得越来越容易准备‖是一种进步[37]，所以自然会带来improvement。使人们
的生活方式发
生了一些变化： 好的：
节省时间，越来越方便，一定程度上把妇女从繁杂的家务中解放了出来
也有不好的变化：
准备食物是一种重要的家庭活动，可是食物变得容易准备一定程度上使家人在一起的时间减
少
了，比如―速冻饺子‖[quick-frozen dumpling]
快餐业的高速发展的一个直接结果是，人们普遍变胖了，尤其是孩子
相关题目：[13]
『范文』
People today can prepare their meal much easier than has ever been before. To prepare a single
dinner, provident housewives usually had to work for hours in the past: they had to buy home dirty
vegetables which had to wash, meat which had to slice, and so on so forth. Each and every step of
preparation was a time-consuming task. But now, things are entirely different. Supermarkets
provide vegetables and meat clean and neat, some of them even have relevant ingredients and
need only a few minutes to be made into delicious meals. And this change has indeed greatly
improved the way people live. In a sense, food preparation is no longer a tedious task, at least
much easier to tolerate. Such a change has liberated many women and given them chance to do
more meaningful things, for example, a higher pay job or a more respectful one. On the other hand,
more men are becoming willing to do the thing that they once hated so much, and in some cases
such transformation of men brought dramatic positive impact on the family. Today, it's not hard to
imagine a wife comes home after a day's hard work and how delightful she is to find out his
husband has already prepared her several her favorite dishes! Children can more easily become
independent—at least they can make themselves breakfasts or dinners when parents are
occasionally not present. But such a change has also brought some unexpected consequences.
Girls nowadays are becoming more and more reluctant to deem household work as their
responsibility. The reason is quite straightforward: it was once really ridiculous to insist men do
trivial household work rather than go work and earn money to support family, but conditions have
altered now, girls might think: "I can work as well, or maybe I can earn a higher salary than you
do, dear boy friend, if you want to marry me, answer me one question first, will you prepare me
breakfast and dinner every day?" And some boys, on the other hand, are becoming hesitant to get married, or simply remain solitary, among miscellaneous reasons they do so is one thing: "I can take care of myself, at least I don't really need someone prepare me dinner!" Anyway, such a
change is positive and it did improve the quality of people's life. At least it has brought girls, boys, husbands, wives, children and everyone else who has to prepare food an opportunity, no matter what kind of opportunity it is.
4. Which is more important, book knowledge or experience?
It has been said, "Not everything that is learned is contained in books." Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?
『分析』
注意一定要先进行比较
从书本中获取的知识
优点：
题材、范围更多
有更多的深度
更加的系统
缺点：
有时过于教条
也不见得完全准确
从经验中获取的知识
优点：
获取直接、简单明了
更加地实用
有些知识无法从书本中获得
缺点：
不系统，很大的随意性
很容易产生片面理解
不一定要说A比B更重要，或者B比A更重要。也可以选择在不同的情况下，有不同的比较。学习抽象
的知识，书本是最好的来源。学习游泳，这只能靠经验。另外，大多数的知识要书本经验相结合才可
以。
相关题目：[116]
有些科目或者知识适合通过实践学习，比如，语言，体育
有些科目或者知识适合通过阅读学习，比如，物理、化学、历史、地理
有些科目或者知识适合通过与别人交流来学习，比如销售技巧；管理技巧
所以不能一概而论(treat different things/problems/matters] as the same)，要看学什么，以及学习的阶段。
『范文』
In general, knowledge gained from books has a wider range than that gained from experience. We now live in a world that typophile is no longer exorbitant, and that printed matters are readily available. In libraries, we can learn nearly everything only if we have already acquired basic
reading skills, philosophy, history, literature, physics, mathematics, chemicals, biology, geography,
anthropology, and the list will go on. Unlike the experience of an individual that is limited by the range of that individual, books seem to have almost no limitation. Sitting in the local library, we virtually can travel everywhere through an interesting geographic encyclopedia, and certainly, with nearly no expense at all. On the other hand, it can be argued that sometimes knowledge
gained from experience is much deeper and more comprehensive than that gained from books. It is quite true that not every thing is contained in books. How to deal with personal finance, how to cope with current social trends, even how to most effectively organize our own mind, and
numerous other things can seldom be found thoroughly and comprehensively discussed in books, we have to gain the knowledge by our own experience. And the sad news is that even some knowledge that is contained in books usually needs further comprehension, mainly through experience. As to which source is more important, the answers vary. Some knowledge can be acquired only through books. It's hard to imagine we can have a good understanding of history without reading books. On the other hand, some knowledge can be obtained only through experience. When we try to learn to swim, merely a detailed manual of swimming skills, even abundantly filled with illustrations, is at most useless. We have to jump into the water and then gain the knowledge with experience. We have to use books and experience as source
simultaneously to get what we want to know. Take learning physics for example, both books and experiences are equally important sources, and examples as such are numerous. Therefore, I think whether one source is more important than the other depends on circumstances.
5. The advantages and disadvantages of a new factory near your community
A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near your community. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community. Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position.
『分析』
先讨论―假设工厂真的落成了，而带来的好处和坏处‖，而后发表看法。
好处：
直接增加了就业机会(到工厂去上班)；间接增加了就业机会(会有很多服务业，比如饭店、商店、
超市等等跟着开业)
如果工厂规模足够大，物流规模也足够大，那么将最终成为交通改善的起点
大的工厂可以缴纳很多税，对地方财政有好处，进而促进社区的繁荣
坏处：
带来各种污染，比如，噪音、废气、污水等等
工厂不一定会赢利
相关题目： [16]、[25]、[26]、[30]、[79]
『范文』
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I live in a primarily agricultural community, and most of the population lives hand to mouth. Parents keep children home from school to work in the fields. If there is a flood or a drought, people starve. A new factory would mean regular monthly salaries as well as protection against natural disasters or a sudden drop in the price of our main agricultural product, say, corn. Regular salaries would allow families the confidence to make investments in their futures. The locals would be able to plan their finances accurately and free themselves from debt. This in turn would
encourage entrepreneurship and further develop the local economy. People could begin to open shops, restaurants, dormitories, and entertainment facilities to serve the factory workers with their savings. Profits from these small enterprises would further enrich the local community and turn our relatively poor farmland into a truly profitable development zone. Perhaps more parents could then afford to send all of their children to high school and maybe even college. There would certainly be negative effects as well. If the area becomes prosperous, immigrants from poorer regions will come here looking for work. Because of their relative poverty they will work harder for less money than the locals and drive wages down. There might be more immigrants than factory jobs available, leading to an unemployment crisis with a rising crime rate as a potential negative side effect. On the other hand, the proposed factory would almost certainly have adverse effects on the local environment, particularly in regards to polluting the water. This is perhaps the most serious concern, because without clean water the area cannot sustain life of any kind, com, livestock, or human. However, because of the relatively desperate economic situation of my hometown, I believe the potential benefits of opening a new factory would outweigh the risks. If we take the proper precautions, such as imposing strict environmental standards and providing adequate social services for immigrants, the whole area stands to benefit.
6. The most important thing you want to change about your hometown If you could change one important thing about your hometown, what would you change? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
『分析』
改变其环境，因为一个好的环境会使人们
更加快乐
更加健康
更加有效率
相关题目：[52]、[141]、[165]都可以选择改变其环境。这些题目实际上可以用一篇文章应对。 Page 9 of 201
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『范文』
I was born in a small town named Hailin, located in the North-East of China. The most serious problems in my hometown are the backward ideas about a woman's place in the family, school, workplace, and society. These negative stereotypes hurt not only women, but all of society as well. If possible, I would change the attitudes of the people in my hometown so they would view men and women equally. Discrimination against women in my hometown begins before they are even born. Because people here believe that only a man can carry on the family line, every family wants to have at least one son. Each family is only supposed to have one child because of the
overpopulation problem. This means that if a family can find out a fetus is female before it is born they might abort it. Or in other cases, people will have many female babies before they have a son, which only makes the population problem worse. If female babies were considered as important as male babies, then these two problems probably would not exist. Discrimination against girls continues as they go to school and work. The prevalent stereotype is that women
are not as smart as men and we shouldn't waste time and money educating them. Families often insist that their daughters stay at home and help with housework while sending their sons to school. Girls are born every bit as smart as boys and equally deserve to reap the benefits of education. Many of the world's famous scientists and leaders are women, from Marie Curie to Margaret
Thatcher. We need to eliminate the stereotype that women are less intelligent than men so that our community can benefit from the achievements that women are capable of making when armed with education. In fact, women need to be respected enough to hold professional and leadership jobs in our community. This would mean that in the classified section of newspapers, there would no longer be jobs for "men only." We will never know how many women could have done those jobs better than a man could have until the parents of every baby girl decide that their daughter is worth as much as their son. This is probably the most important thing that I want to change about my hometown.
7. The influence of movies or television on people's behavior
How do movies or television influence people's behavior? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
『分析』
电影、电视等大众传媒(mass media)往往可以对人们的行为产生影响
通过改变人们的价值观、世界观、审美观而改变人们行为
通过制造―社会热点‖而使大众不停地讨论一件事情
通过满足人们的幻想，或使人们处于平衡状态，或使人们一定程度上失衡
『范文』
The impact that movies or television has had on our daily life, and society in general, is ndeniable. No doubt it will become even greater as the scope of which continues to grow, and as the relevant technologies become more and more sophisticated, and so fascinating that virtually nobody will be able to escape. Already, it can be seen how western movies are exercising influence on our youth generation: they grow long-hair regardless of their gender, commonly part of which is dyed in gold; they wear jeans in each and every season, usually the knees of which are deliberately tattered; boys are fond of earrings or other odd pendants; and girls are keen on Marlboros and weird bad words. The major means that movies and television influence the public is by creating topics of discussion in the society. Movies offer people (the consumers) issues to talk and think about. Titanic had brought a worldwide uproar by its extolling of fascinating immortal love; Prime Color and Wag the Dog met the national debate on right and duty of the president of the United States. Antiwar movies such as Tears of the Sun and All Quiet on the Western Front among numerous others have been raising the question that is any war really to uphold justice or is it really worthy that an individual makes sacrifices to his country and at the same time ignores his own family or his personal values? Television also shapes our understanding of what is important and what is not important (to know). The "important" issues are being discussed over and over or in the beginning of a program. The "not important" stories are the ones that are not being told at all. The "not very important" stories are probably very short and hidden in the last part. By prearranging public issue, movies and television make decisions for us. Even though there are critical thinking individuals in any society, they are definitely in minority; the public in whole
indeed lack skills of critical thinking, and therefore they are often led by the movies and television. In brief, movies and television, by offering topics and affecting the ways in which we discuss "the important issues", has a strong influence on our perception of the truth, of the world or of the structure of our society. We have to admit that it has a role in our lives as a source of information, experiences, entertainment, amusement andrelaxation.
8. Has television destroyed communication among people?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has destroyed communication
among friends and family. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. 『分析』
不．能．同．意．这．个．观．点．。一方面人们看电视的时间越来越多；另外一方面人与人之间的关系越来越冷漠。但是
这两个现象并不是完全、直接的因果关系。造成人们关系冷漠的原因很多，比如，来自方方面面的压力：
工作、生活。
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『范文』
While television has been somewhat harmful in its effects, it has hardly "destroyed"
communication among friends and family, although for some people, the assertion that television has destroyed communication among friends and family seems pretty plausible. Television, invented in last century, with its wide availability, increasingly prosperous programs, becomes one of the most powerful means of communication in the history, and is more and more difficult to ignore. Television is as much a part of our lives as are our meals, work, or school; studies consistently show that the average American child spends almost as much time watching
television as does he or she in school. We all have only 24 hours a day and it is clear that the more time one spends on watching television, the less time one does with his or her family and friends. Hence the passage printed in the newspaper or magazine titled "Television took my husband
away." Tempting as such claim might be, it is hardly true. Instead of television, it is the increasing pressure of modern life that took her husband away. We have no definite evidence to say people nowadays endure more pressures than did their counterparts in the past, but it is absolutely true that people nowadays undergo great pressures that come from various directions, including work, school, economy, and so forth. Investigations show that people who earn more than RMB 50, 000 annually spend at least 60 hours on work per week, much more than those who earn RMB 20,000 annually. Today a bachelor's degree may no longer guarantee a decent pay, more and more
companies post their want ads claiming that applicants must have at least master's degrees, which take two or three years longer. People nowadays have very little time for anything; television is merely among many other factors that affect communication, and is definitely not the main cause of degradation. It seems that the more one is educated, the more one is aware of the deleterious effects that excessive television causes, and either deliberately avoid it or actually do not enjoy it. On the other hand, there really are many people addictive to television. But the fact is, were television not existent, surely these people would have found other escapes, such as alcohol or gambling for example. In other words, people always find a way to do what they want to do. Therefore, I can hardly agree that television has destroyed communication among friends and family.
9. Live in a small town or in a big city?
Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
『分析』
生活在大城市的优缺点：信息发达，工作机会多，生活设施完善；人情淡薄
生活在小城市的优缺点：温馨，安静，空气好；人们相互了解、友善；信息闭塞；没有好工作
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陈述自己的偏好(可以采取"it depends"的策略，不同的阶段有不同的偏好)
相关题目：[20]
『范文』
People seldom agree with each other even in such trivial issues as preference between a big city and a small town. It's a little bit haste to say that it is better to live in a big city than in a small town, or vice versa. Living in a big city has several benefits. First, there're more job opportunities readily available in big cities than in a small town. Moreover, not merely are there more job
positions in big cities and the qualities of the position are much higher as well. In addition, the pay is more decent. Second, children are supposed to be able to receive an education with a higher quality compared with their counterparts who live in a small town. For families, children's
education is always put in the first place. Finally, living in a big city usually has a superior living standard to that in a small town. There are more commodities and services in city markets; there are more public utilities available in big cities; there are even much more television channels in big cities. However, living in a small town also has some advantages. People who live in a small town often have a much comfortable life style. Most of them do not have to suffer high working stress. Although the average pay is much less than that of big cities, the price of daily necessities, such as vegetables or meat, is usually less expensive. Instead of suffering loneliness which is prevalent in big cities, children might grow up more healthily because of harmonious relationship among residents in small town. People in a small town do not have to get up so early in the morning because there has been no traffic jam, and nobody drive so fast in a small town as to cause car accidents. They might have fewer channels in television, but they have more friends readily available to chat or entertain with. According to my current situation, although I am
longing for the cozy atmosphere and relationship among neighbors and friends which almost only exist in small cities, I have chosen to live in one of the biggest cities in my country—Beijing, since I have found a pretty good job here, and a decent pay. I think I would prefer living in a small town when I get retired one day.
10. Does luck have anything to do with success?
―When people succeed, it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success.‖ Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
『分析』
nothing是一个绝对词，所以，不能完全同意也不能完全不同意。选择―很大程度上同意‖。 指出luck确实存在
指出可能导致人们成功的若干原因：诚实、睿智、幽默；执著；肯于做不喜欢的事情[27]； 相关题目：[27]、[63]
『范文』
Here is a true story, a story about an African man called Cinque who slew a most terrifying beast that any one has ever seen, a lion. His siblings in the village who know about this anecdote gave him great respect and call him the big man. However, he told the truth later. "It had killed several people, even hunters among us. Everyone including me was afraid. "I was lying down with my family, when out of nowhere it appeared. "As it came for me, I picked up a big rock and I threw it. And that wasn't bravery, because any man would do the same to protect his family. "But by some
miracle, you see, I hit it. I don't know how that killed it, but it did. A rock, you see, a rock. "I
received the gratitude of everyone in the village. I was given respect. They treated me as if I was a prince. They gave me the finest country cloth. All these things they gave me, I took them all. But I knew I didn't deserve it, for when I threw that rock at that beast, if I missed it, I wouldn't be sitting here today trying to explain these things to you or somebody else, I'd just be dead. I'm not a big man, just a lucky one." You see, luck does exist. When it appears, mathematicians describe in such a way that something has an extremely small probability but it does happen. People often say, one has to have an opportunity to succeed. In this case, luck is the opportunity, and to some extent is an indispensable factor to achieve success.
When people say luck has nothing to do with success, I wonder it is not their intention to deny existence of luck, but to encourage. Because luck in fact is a factor that one can not and should not count on, even though we know people who have succeeded have their own luck. It is somewhere, but nobody knows where. It happens sometime, but we don't know when. By contrast, hard work is something that everyone can count on, and as is often the case, hard work might bring luck. Therefore, luck itself is of no hope, and lack of luck should not be an excuse to failure.
11. Should universities finance students' sports activities equally as libraries?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Universities should give the same amount of money to their students' sports activities as they give to their university libraries. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
不能完全同意。"same"是一件做不到的事情。
普通大学，应该或更多的钱在图书馆上
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体育专科大学，当然应该花更多的钱在体育设施上
资金分配的重要原则：产出应该大于投入
大学的办学原则：要better brains；也要better bodies.
相关题目：[Related Topics: 147. Some relevant issues about public investments: 1) investment vs. profit; 2) immediate needs vs. long-term benefits; 3) profit-making organization vs.
nonprofit-making organization. Topics about money allocation: 11. 19. 56. 95. 100. 167*) personal attitudes of money: 32. 33. 48. 53. 131. 173. 177.185.]
资金分配问题：资金的有效运用(efficiency of money allocation)的重要体现是投入产出比(input-output ratio)。
即便是nonprofit-making organization也要保证资金的投入产出的平衡(balance of input and output)。
『范文』
The main responsibility of a university is to develop a student's academic ability. While physical health is an important prerequisite for mental health and academic achievement, sports should play a comparatively small role in college student's lives.
Since a student's main activity outside of the classroom is studying, occupying from four to eight hours of their day, a peaceful studying environment plays an important role in a student's academic development. College dorm rooms can have up to eight students sleeping in one small room and are not good environments for students to study in. To provide excellent studying environments for their students, universities must build large librariesdesigned to accommodate students as well
as books. Since sports should occupy a much smaller part of the student's time, perhaps only an hour a day, sports facilities need not be as extensive or well-equipped as libraries. In addition to the costs of building adequate library faculties, a university must also pay every year to keep its collection well organized and up-to-date. The goal of every university library should be to have the most current books and materials its students need in order to study and do cutting edge research. The larger the student body, the more comprehensive a library's collection must be. A well-trained staff must also care for the materials and help the students. Continuing costs for sports, on the other hand, are relatively low, requiring only a few part-time staff and maintenance routines. For the most part, students are happy to organize their own sporting events and exercise routines quite independently of the school. Although a student's health is critical to their academic success, the investment that a school needs to make to ensure a physically fit student body is relatively small. Considering that the main mission of the school is to develop a student's mind and not their body, the school should put more of its resources into its libraries and not its sports activities.
12. Why people visit museums?
Many people visit museums when they travel to new places. Why do you think people visit museums?
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
个人偏好，或者习惯，比如喜爱历史。
可以短时间内了解一个地方的历史、文化。[85]提提供了一个线索：因为他只有一天的时间！ 可以看到珍贵的艺术、文化、历史、科学等收藏。
著名的博物馆周边，由于游客众多，一般也会有很多其他值得参观的地方，也会有很好吃的餐馆。
另外，也有些人去博物馆，没有什么特别的理由。别人都去，于是他也去了[1]、[42] 。 『范文』
People travel to new places for many different reasons. One of the most common reasons is to see a new place, culture, or way of life. For a total outsider with only a short amount of time,
museums offer a glimpse into these ways of life through specially designed education, cultural insights, and entertainment.
People come to museums to learn about the world. The educational experience in a museum is quite different than that of reading or studying. In a museum, learning experiences are direct and thrilling. Reading books about primitive history might seem boring, but seeing the huge skeleton of a terrifying dinosaur in person is a thrilling experience. Reading history books about the Nanjing Massacre are horrifying, sad, and yet abstract, but a trip to the Memorial Museum in Nanjing is an experience that has moved many students to tears. Museums can make otherwise distant and mundane educational experiences come to life.
The museums of a place tell an outsider much about what the people of that place value culturally.
A trip to the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art would tell the visitor that Americans are interested in art from all over the world, but by comparing the size of the European Art collection with that of the Asian Art collection, one might conclude that Americans feel a strong cultural affinity with European Art. Similarly, a tourist to a place like San Francisco, where there is a large museum devoted solely to Asian Art, might conclude that people from San Francisco have a stronger affinity to Asian culture.
Meanwhile, many people who travel simply want to relax and be entertained, and museums also provide an excellent venue for leisure. Even most nominally educational museums provide
exciting attractions like movie theaters and special cultural performances such as dances, gourmet dinners, lectures, and musical performances from jazz to rock and roll. Many museums in the United States hold special nights once a week where young people can drink and socialize. Museums are not only spaces for education and culture, but have also become important entertainment and social venues.
13. Eat at home or out?
Some people prefer to eat at food stands or restaurants. Other people prefer to prepare and eat food at home. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 『分析』
不要急于作出选择，先进行比较，然后根据情况选择
去餐馆或者吃快餐的优缺点：方便、快捷、多种口味；昂贵、卫生可能得不到保障、快餐使人发胖[3]
在家吃饭的优缺点：干净、可以做出自己喜欢的口味、节省、与家人和朋友共同准备食物很开心；花
费时间、可能做的没有餐馆那么好吃；
在不同的情况下会有不同的选择。周末休息应该跟家人在家里吃饭。与老朋友久别重逢应该找一家安
静的餐馆……
相关题目：[3]
『范文』
After a hard day of work or study, many people feel like cooking for themselves is too much trouble. They prefer to grab a quick bite to eat at a restaurant and go home for rest as quickly as possible. But for me cooking at home is worth the time and trouble because it is cheaper, healthier, and more enjoyable.
Buying my own groceries and cooking for myself is much less expensive than eating in a estaurant. I find that a meal that I cook myself on average costs half to two-thirds less than a comparable meal in a restaurant.
Restaurants have to rent space, hire chefs, waiters, and managers, as well as buy food and make a profit. When I cook I have no overhead. The only extra expense I have to pay is the time it takes for me to cook the food.
In addition to being less expensive, when I buy my own groceries I can be sure I am buying the freshest and cleanest meats and vegetables available. Restaurants might think it's more important to buy the cheapest food possible in large quantities to make a higher profit. I also try and buy the healthiest food possible. For instance, when I buy meat, I try and buy the meat with the least fat on it. In a restaurant they add more fat and oil to dishes to make them taste better, but for me, health is more important.
Finally, cooking food with my friends and family brings me a special kind of joy. In a world that has increasingly focused on turning everyone into consumers, I enjoy being creative and
producing something good. I enjoy learning and inventing new recipes and sharing them with friends. Even though it takes more time to shop, cook, and clean up when I cook for myself, at the end I have a sense that I did not waste the time so much as I truly enjoyed life for an hour at the end of the day.
14. Attending classes: required or optional?
Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.
『分析』
不要急于选择哪一个观点。因为两个观点都有些片面。尽量多地列举两种观点的优缺点，然后进行比较，
最终选择一个立场。
上课的好处 [17]
自学的好处[17]
在培养大．学．生．时，是否应该以培养学生的自主能力为主？
如果强制所有的学生去上课，是否真的会提高所有学生的学习效率？有些学生可能在某些课堂上得不
到有效的帮助。
如果允许所有的学生都可以自由选课，是否会有些学生失去目标？
有没有这种的办法？比如：选修课(optional course)/必修课(compulsory course)的设置 相关题目：[17]；[137]
『范文』
The most important responsibility of college students is to pursue their course of study to the best of their
ability. In most cases, this would mean attending every class. In reality, however, not every student is the same,
and not every class is the same. If a student can study more effectively in another way, then that student should be
allowed to pursue his/her studies to the best of his/her abilities, and not be required to attend classes that are not
helpful to him/her.
Some students find it difficult to concentrate in large lecture classes and find reading quietly a more effective
way of studying. If a student can achieve more by reading in the library and meeting with a professor during office
hours than students who attend every class, he/she should not be prevented from studying in the most effective
way for him/her.
The most important measures of a college student's academic progress are tests. In the weeks before exams,
college student's need to arrange their own schedules becomes critical. For instance, if a student is very good at
math but very poor at English, it might make more sense for that student to skip math class and spend the extra
time preparing for an English test. If students are required to attend classes whose content they are already familiar
with, at best they will be bored by redundant material, at worst they will fail tests in subjects they are less
proficient in.
The argument might be made that it is the school's responsibility to organize its curriculum so that students are
always challenged and therefore truly need to be at every class. I contend that it is impossible to tailor an entire
school's curriculum to the individual needs of every single student. The best that can be hoped for is a well thought
out curriculum with enough flexibility to handle the differences between individual students. Schools should trust
the students to make choices that are in their own best interests, and use testing as the final arbiter of academic
excellence.
15. What makes a good neighbor?
Neighbors are the people who live near us. In your opinion, what are the qualities of a good neighbor?
Use specific details and examples in your answer.
『分析』
共有8道题问及各种人的qualities或者characteristics。[103]提供了最好的答案：intelligence; honesty; a sense of
humor。这些都是所有的人都应具备的基本优点。类似的还有optimistic and positive; politeness; loyalty;
perseverance; justice等等。[46]要求回答Have these qualities changed or remained the same over time in your
culture?而以上提到的各个特征都是remained unchanged in any culture, and any period of time的——相对容易
回答(只需要说"从来就没有变过"就可以了)。
相关题目：[18]、[22]、[46]、[62]、[93]、[103]、[179]。另外，174题的作文中(这一代人与上一代人有什
么不同？)可以用一段的篇幅来描述一些不曾改变过的东西。
『范文』
Neighbors are extraordinarily important people in our lives. Many people make a decision about what place
they want to live in based on their future neighbors. People most want to live near neighbors who are respectful,
vigilant, and community-minded.
The foundation of any relationship, whether among neighbors or friends, colleagues or family members, is
mutual respect. Respect between neighbors means that when they see each other they will be warm and polite.
Neighbors don't have to be friends, but they need not be strangers either. Because neighbors live close together,
sometimes it is unavoidable that they will learn personal details about their neighbors. A respectful person will not
intrude upon their neighbor's privacy, or share these private details with anyone else.
Another important aspect of being a good neighbor is to be vigilant. If people see a robber trying to break
into their neighbor's house, then they should call the police. If they see a neighbor's young child in a dangerous
situation, they should help the child, or at least give the alarm. If the government posts new regulations, they will
help inform their neighbors of the new laws. If everyone in a neighborhood watches out for each other's safety,
then the neighborhood will be a safer and more pleasant place.
Moreover, good neighbors are community-minded. They care about their local environment. Good neighbors
will not throw trash on the ground, and if they see trash on the ground they will pick it up. They will make
decisions based with consideration to their neighbors. They won't play loud music late at night or get drunk and
fight in public. They want to live in a happy, peaceful community and they believe that their personal actions have a
direct effect on the happiness of all of their neighbors. If all the people in the community think about the good of
the community when they make decisions, the whole community will benefit.
16. What's your opinion on a new restaurant built in your neighborhood?
It has recently been announced that a new restaurant may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support
or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
『分析』
社区内的餐馆越多，竞争就越激烈，那么价钱就会更公道；可能会出现卫生问题；也可能有客人酗酒闹事
(excessive drinking; get drunk and create a disturbance; make trouble after getting drunk.)。 参见：[5]。
『范文』
Until recently our neighborhood hasn't had any restaurants. We have a local food market and several small
convenience stores, and even several street side food stands, but no real restaurants. I'm personally in favor of
opening a new restaurant in our neighborhood, and believe it will make people's lives more convenient, support the
local economy, and create a healthier community spirit.
Cooking at home every night is time-consuming and tiring for local families. After a long day at work, local
people have to spend at least one hour to shop for groceries, and even more for cooking dinner, and cleaning up
after the meal. By the time all is finished, they almost have no time to enjoy the company of their families. Eating
out would save time if there were a restaurant nearby, but the closest restaurant is a 30-minute
walk away. If a
restaurant opened in our neighborhood it would allow local people to relax for a night or two every week and
enjoy more time with their families.
A new restaurant would also help the local economy. Building the restaurant would require the labor of local
carpenters, plumbers, and electricians. The new restaurant would need to buy a great deal of food and produce
from local markets and supplies like furniture, cooking utensils, and everyday items from local merchants. It
would also create jobs for waiters, managers, and chefs. Perhaps most importantly, a new restaurant could also
potentially attract business from the surrounding neighborhoods, bringing more investment into our community.
Finally, a new restaurant would give local people a public space to gather and talk in. Our community has few
suitable open spaces for people to meet and have conversations. The streets and markets are too noisy, and the
shops have no place to sit down. People who were once strangers could meet in this restaurant and become better
acquainted with one another; new friendships could be forged while old friendships could be strengthened. The
benefits of a restaurant to community life are harder to measure than are its economic benefits, but in my opinion
are sorely needed in our community.
17. Learn by yourself or with a teacher?
Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a teacher. Others think that it is
always better to have a teacher. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons to develop your essay. 『分析』
不要急于选择哪一个观点。因为两个观点都有些片面。
有老师的好处：系统的指导；提供疑难解答；更快、更有效率
自学的必要性：自学能力应该是追求知识的过程中最重要的能力之一。
任何科目都应该指导和自学相结合。
不同的科目、不同的阶段有不同的选择。
『范文』
Whether we need a teacher or not depends on circumstances. The relationship between a teacher and a new
subject is somewhat similar to that between a tour guide and an unknown city.
When we come to an unknown city for the first time, we definitely need a tour guide. We might have a detailed
map, but it is unlikely functional—it isn't surprised that we can hardly interpret those mysterious symbols. Likewise,
when we are beginners, it is wise to learn with teachers. They can tell us where to begin with,
what we should do, and
which reference we should choose. When we confront difficulties, we can ask them for help, and their advices will
always be tremendously helpful. With teachers' assistance, we might learn easier, faster, and more interestingly.
After a period of time, we have learned a lot. We now know the city pretty well, even though there are still
many places we haven't been to. It doesn't matter. Now that we are able to recognize those mysterious symbols on
the map, what we need perhaps is not a tour guide but a more detailed map. Similarly, we need richer references
for learning. Yes, there are still many fields unexplored; they are, nevertheless, no longer puzzling. The task is
simple: we will explore them one by one, little by little. If we are working on a certain skill, practice more; if we
are preparing a test, practice more; whatever we are learning, what is always to bear in mind is that, like people
always say, practice makes perfect.
After another period of time, we might have become others' tour guide, but we still want to make out more.
We want to know which restaurant is the most decent, which bookstore is the most professional, which coffee shop
is the most classical. Even the most comprehensive map doesn't have adequate information. We again need experts.
In learning, it's much the same. We need experts to consult for specific problems. Furthermore, the most beneficial
merit of consulting experts is that we can not merely refer to them but even discuss with them in depth. As is often
the case, a solution for a complex matter is not waiting for us right there and then, sometimes it comes out of
inspirations of discussion.
In short, having a good teacher is always better than having none, but the importance of a teacher varies from
period to period, and more often than not depends on different stage in which we are learning.
18. What makes a good boss?
What are some important qualities of a good supervisor (boss)? Use specific details and examples to
explain why these qualities are important.
参见：[15]
『范文』
A good boss is imperative to a successful workplace. The best bosses are serious, creative, and flexible. If a boss lacks any of these qualities, problems are certain to arise in the workplace. While humor and kindness are important characteristics for bosses to have, work is a serious business, and must be approached with a serious attitude. A boss must be able to keep his/her
employees working hard and on schedule. He/She must set down rules, enforce them, and also personally adhere to them. If the boss comes in late to work, leaves early, or spends all day joking with the co-workers, then the employees will neither respect nor work hard for him/her. A boss must have a serious and professional attitude that sets an example for all of the employees in the workplace.
To confront the countless problems that arise every day in the workplace, a boss must be
extremely creative. If a client needs the company to meet a deadline earlier than expected, a boss must find ways to motivate employees to work faster and harder. A boss who lacks creativity might force his/her employees to work overtime.
In this case, the employees might be very tired and upset; they might work slower or produce lower quality work as a result. A creative boss might spend a small amount of money, and treat everyone to dinner at the office to encourage employees to stay late. In this way the company might meet the deadline, preserve quality, and keep employee morale high.
Finally, the most important quality that a good boss must possess is flexibility. While needing to set serious, strict rules, he/she must also recognize that at times the rules need to be bent or broken. For instance, a boss should strictly enforce attendance policies in the workplace. But if an employee with an excellent attendance record needs to take a day off for personal reasons, the boss should let him/her do it. In this way employees' loyalty to the company will be strengthened, and they will be more happy and productive in the workplace.
19. Highways or public transportation, which should be given preferential financing?
Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways, or should
governments spend more money on improving public transportation (buses, trains, subways)? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.
『分析』
资金运用的基本原则a higher input-output ratio is desirable。参见：[11]分析。
政府也需要盈利
高速公路，是有盈利的。并且有利于促进经济繁荣，进一步增加税收。
公共交通，是政府开销。但是市政府的职责。
结合我国情况选择立场。比如：可以认为目前要大力发展高速公路，而其收入可以用来开发公共交通。
『范文』
As China continues along the road of economic development, new demands are being put on the transportation infrastructure of the country. This is particularly evident in the cities, where daily traffic jams are
unavoidable facts of life. Faced with a mounting traffic crisis, I believe the government should focus on
improving public transportation instead of improving roads and highways. Public transportation is cheaper, better
for the environment, and a better long-term solution for meeting the transportation demands of the future.
The traffic crisis in large cities is mainly due to the increase in the number of private cars on the road. If 30
people each drive their own private cars to work in the morning, polluting emissions from these 30 cars pollute the
air. Having 30 extra cars on the road not only means more traffic, it also means that all cars on the road will run
their engines longer to produce more pollution while they idle in traffic jams. On the contrary, if those same 30
people take the bus to work, there would be less traffic, and even less pollution. More bus and subway lines would
also save much space now wasted on parking lots, which makes sense from both environmental and city-planning
perspectives.
Investment in public transportation also makes sense for the customer. The most expensive public transportation in the city costs about 5 yuan. Two trips across the city every day for a whole year would still be less
than a fifth of the cost of a new car, not to mention the inevitable expenditure of maintaining a good performance of
the car. Taking into account the considerable upkeep expenses of a car, gas, insurance, and repairs, owning a car is
much less economic and convenient than is taking the bus or the subway.
While some people would argue that investing money on highways is imperative for holistic benefits of our
country, I personally believe the need for solving current traffic disasters that are prevalent in most such major
cities as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou is more urgent. The problem has already become the biggest headache
of local governments and their residents, and would cost even more if not handled promptly.
20. Big city or countryside, which is better for children to grow up in?
It is better for children to grow up in the countryside than in a big city. Do you agree or disagree? Use
specific reasons and examples to develop your essay.
『分析』
Page 23 of 201
TOEFL.iBT 高分作文完美重排版Edited by Lost Lawyer
不要急于同意或者不同意这个观点。因为哪个回答都有些片面。地点并不是影响孩子成长的唯一因素，也
不是众多因素中最重要的因素。
生活在城市的优缺点
生活在乡村的优缺点
也可以用一系列―不一定‖的事实来反驳题目中观点，比如：
在乡村长大的孩子不一定比在城市长大的孩子淳朴(honest; simple; simple sentiments)； 在乡村长大的孩子不一定比在城市长大的孩子健康(healthy)；
不同的阶段有不同的选择：
学龄前儿童，小学生在哪里都无所谓
初中、高中就可能在大城市更好一点
『范文』
Having grown up in the country myself, I can say without a doubt that I want my own children to
grow up in
the city. Life in the city is incomparably better for children than life in the country. The city has better schools,
health care, jobs, and more exposure to the outside world.
The two most important things in any child's life are health and education. In the country, if children get sick,
there are no good hospitals to take them to. Families are often so poor that they can't afford to send all of their
children to school, and the schools are usually of low quality anyway. In the cities, on the other hand, health care
facilities and schools are of excellent quality.
Children from cities also have a much higher chance of getting into excellent universities. City universities
have large numbers of spaces reserved for local residents while they have relatively fewer spaces for students
from the countryside. If I want my child to have a good chance of getting into a good university, I would raise
them in a city.
City salaries are significantly higher than salaries in the country. Jobs in the city are also much easier, on
average, than jobs in the country. A worker in the country might spend 14 hours a day laboring outdoors in the
fields and make much less money per month than the city worker who typically works only eight hours a day. I
want my child to grow up and get a good, high-paying job. A better place to find those jobs is in a city.
Finally, I want my children to grow up into a world that is larger than just their immediate surroundings. In a
city they will have a chance to meet people from all over the country and all over the world. They will have
chances to absorb history and culture from the cities parks, theatres, and museums. Only in the city will they have
the chance to be truly global citizens.
21. The causes of people's longevity today
In general, people are living longer now. Discuss the causes of this phenomenon. Use specific reasons
and details to develop your essay.
『分析』
现象描述：20世纪初全球平均年龄(life expectancy)大约45岁。到20世纪末，这个数字已经增长到70岁左
右。
人们越来越长寿的原因：
越来越好的饮食条件，饮食卫生，越来越科学的饮食模式
越来越发达的医疗技术、越来越完善的医疗保健系统
经济稳定、社会稳定。极端的例子：前苏联(the previous Soviet Union)解体
(disintegration/breakup)
后，俄罗斯的平均年龄大幅度下降
『范文』
Among various factors that contribute to today's longevity of people are three most obvious ones: the
improvement of food conditions, the development of modern medical technology, and finally current stability of
economy in our country.
Food conditions are better than before and are still being developed with a rapid pace. First of all, foods are
more hygienic. People today drink untainted mineral water, sterilized skim milk, which are cheaply supplied in
supermarkets. Furthermore, foods are more nutrient. Not to mention various carefully designed nutrient products.
People can just ignore the possibility of being dystrophic, since they can keep nutrient balance by simply taking a
cheap pill of vitamin compound every day.
Another essential improvement that contributes to people's longevity is swiftly developing medical
technology. Development of modern medical technology has always been amazing. Certain diseases such as
tuberculosis, pneumonia, and dysentery are now easy to remedy with low expenses, but in the past, they are all
probably lethal ones. The dental technology seems developed little except its exorbitantly charged bill, yet the
simplest technology contributes to people's longevity most. It is not difficult to imagine that if an individual who
lived in the past got a toothache, without certain dental care which is common today, he was certainly in an awful
prospect: he might even die of a toothache!
Current societal and economic stabilization is also a very indispensable factor. People have less pressure in a
more stable society, the less pressure they suffer, the healthier they are. Today's ideal stabilization even provides
people an opportunity to secure their future—buy insurances. Various types of insurances are readily available,
which make people feel safe, and have to a large extent reduced people' anxieties, and therefore indirectly contribute
significantly to the longevity of people.
22. What makes a good co-worker?
We all work or will work in our jobs with many different kinds of people. In your opinion, what are some
important characteristics of a co-worker (someone you work closely with)? Use reasons and
specific
examples to explain why these characteristics are important.
参见：[15]
『范文』
Healthy co-workers relations are crucial for the success of business. Since average workers spend at least 8
hours a day with their co-workers, their relationships with their co-workers are among the most important
relationships in their lives. The best kinds of co-workers will possess team spirit, be hard working, and have a
sense of humor.
Co-workers with team spirit will put the needs of the company and their co-workers before their own needs.
For instance, an employee with team spirit might put in uncompensated overtime to help a co-worker finish a
project before a big deadline. If the worker who needs help does not meet the deadline, the whole company might
lose an important client. If co-workers help each other, even though the rewards might not be immediately apparent,
each individual will gain more than if they worked separately.
A good co-worker needs to be hard working. This is the responsibility of every worker in any company. Just as
the failure of employees to cooperate will hurt each member of a company, failure of each worker to perform to the
best of his/her ability will hurt the company. It will not only lower that particular worker's productivity, it will also
damage the co-workers' morale. If I see a co-worker of mine slacking off, I might begin to think to myself, "Why
should I work hard? I can slack off like my co-worker and still make the same amount of money!" Hard work is
not only important for productivity; it is also a crucial prerequisite of team spirit.
Finally, good co-workers need to have a sense of humor. Working at any company can be very stressful. Even
though it is necessary for everyone to work hard, that does not mean that work cannot be fun. Since co-workers
spend so much time together, being able to joke and laugh each other is also important. If an employee is perceived
by his/her co-workers as a humorless workaholic, then they might not want to go along with him/her. His/her lack of
humor hurts team spirit, and not only irritates the people around him/her, but also damages the whole company.
23. Is it advisable for a teenage student to have a part-time job?
In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are still students. Do you think this is a good idea?
Support your opinion by using specific reasons and details.
『分析』
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注意审题。是teenager而不是college students。Teenagers have jobs，这显然是一个BAD idea。Teenager，意
指十几岁的孩子——16岁或者18岁以下(18岁以上就是adult了，16、7的孩子往往被称之为 young adults。
参见：[61])。雇用童工(Employing children labor)目前在很多国家是非法(illegal)的。也违反国际儿童保护条
约(International Children Act )。允许雇用童工，或存在童工现象，都是一个国家落后愚昧的表现。
不要说teenager打工可以锻炼自我，teenager需要的是接受教育，健康成长
不要说teenager打工可以认识社会，teenager还不具备足够的心理承受能力(psychological endurance)，过
早步入社会 (early exposure to the real world)，只能导致世界观、价值观(out look of world, value, etc.)
的扭曲(deteriorated; distorted)。
『范文』
People who oppose the idea of students taking part time jobs say that students should use their time to focus on
exclusively on studying. I would argue instead that part-time jobs helps students focus on their studies, provides
valuable practical experience, and allows them a feeling of success and independence that is a perfect complement
to their academic pursuits.
A popular criticism of schools is that they are "ivory towers," or places where study and research are
divorced from the "real world". A part-time job related to their major gives students an exciting chance to apply the
theories they have learned in school. Chemistry is a notoriously abstract, boring, difficult subject. When a student
takes a part-time job in a medical research lab, however, he/she might discover how important studying Chemistry
is for saving people's lives. This student might then return to his/her Chemistry studies with renewed vigor. What
was an abstract academic pursuit becomes a concrete and interesting goal with a real relationship to the student's
life.
Part-time jobs also help students strengthen their resumes, build important contacts with companies, and
familiarize them with the contemporary state of their respective fields. No matter how hard they try, Computer
Science textbook publishers cannot keep up with the rapid development of new computer
hardware, software, and
programming languages. C.S. students who wish to maintain a competitive edge in the job market should find
part-time positions where they can learn state-of-the-art techniques. After they graduate from college, they might
then return to their part-time employer to look for a full-time position, or approach other employers with good
references and cutting-edge work experience.
Finally, the feeling of success that comes from holding a part-time job can build students' confidence. Knowing
that they can do a job well and be paid for it is an important character-building experience that many students put
off for too long. Learning to manage the money that they make will be a critical part of their future lives. If they
make mistakes handling their money in college, the results will probably not be disastrous, but will teach them
valuable lessons that they will be sure to remember in the future, when they will be truly independent.
24. The advantages and disadvantages of my city
A person you know is planning to move to your town or city. What do you think this person would like and
dislike about living in your town or city? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.
『分析』
这是一个讨论假设问题的题目。尽量展开想象。注意：不要只说my city，要指出你所在城市的名字， 比
如：Beijing, Shanghai等等。
人们会喜欢的有：女人喜欢商场；男人可能喜欢书店；大的公园、动物园；名胜古迹；文化氛围
人们会讨厌的有：交通堵塞；空气不新鲜；大城市的排外主义(exclusivism)、不友善(unfriendly)；
『范文』
If my friend Joey wants to move to Beijing, I think even though she might find something she dislikes, she will
ultimately like this greatest city in our country.
The weather might be one thing that she dislikes. The weather in Beijing is characterized by dry climate and
it is much windy and dusty than that of Guangzhou city. Joey is very sensitive about her skin, so she will definitely
hate dusty winds in Beijing. Moreover, Beijing's winter is far too much colder than that of Guangzhou, it might
take Joey, as many other people came from the South, a very long time to get accustomed to. Nevertheless, she
might well enjoy winter in the North, since she has never seen snowflakes in reality before. I
remembered the
shining of yearning and eager in her eyes when I once told her what the winter in the North looks like.
She might be always irritated by heavy traffic in Beijing, though taxis in Beijing cost much less than in
Guangzhou. When I was in Guangzhou, seldom was I trapped by traffic jams. It must be ridiculous for her to have
spent more than two hours and still didn't arrive at the destination which is merely 10 kilometers away. And the most
ludicrous thing is, even if you possess a private car, it is more likely to be useless, for parking lots are always
crowded, which means more time is to be wasted. Good news for her is that the bus system and that of subway in
Beijing are well developed and more convenient, and she won't have to bear that odor of bromhidrosis owing to
burning weather as she once experienced in buses of Guangzhou.
What she will definitely love is the cultural ethos of the city. Beijing has a history probably longer than any
other big city in China. To visit all historical landscapes in Beijing, she will need at least three years, no kidding!
Beijing has the most famous and excellent universities, the largest libraries, the richest museums, yet most
important of all, her best friend! Amazingly, in this aged city, people are sometimes more international. Joey is
especially fond of art, and Beijing is the right place for her, in which concerts of international singers or other
musicians are much frequent, and she will even be able to attend Cui Jian's casual private concert in a coffee shop
on a rainy autumn weekend.
25. Do you like a large shopping center being built in your neighborhood?
It has recently been announced that a large shopping center may be built in your neighborhood. Do you
support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer. 参见：[5]
『范文』
While the proponents of the plan to build a large shopping center in my community believe that it will aid
economic development, I think that it will possibly do irreparable harm to our neighborhood. The proposed
shopping center will damage existing businesses, provide inferior products, and destroy the environment of our
peaceful community.
Research indicates that companies with less than 50 workers employ more people and generate more revenue
as a percentage of a nation's GDP than large-scale corporations. This is true in America, where small businesses
are considered the engine of the economy, as it is in our community where many people own and operate small
shops. Large stores can buy large quantities of goods at wholesale prices. While local grocery, that cannot buy
products in bulk, will be unable to compete. Once the competition is gone, the large store can raise its prices and
lower its employee's wages. This classic example of exploitative monopoly capitalism
impoverishes a community
while enriching a small number of people.
The goods sold at the shopping center would be mass produced and necessarily of inferior quality to the
handcrafted local goods and freshly grown local produce. Cheap products like plastic furniture would lack the
character and local flavor of traditional wooden furniture made right here in our town. Cheaply mass-produced food,
laden with pesticides and chemical preservatives, would crowd out the healthier, fresher, and tastier local produce on
the shelves of the large shopping center. Low prices from the large store might tempt local consumers to eat less
healthy food, endangering the health of local people as well as harming the incomes of local farmers and
shopkeepers.
Lastly, I must point out that a large shopping center might bring unwelcome development to our small
community. Ugly and noisy roads and parking lots would need to be constructed. The volume of people wanting
to buy things at the new shopping center would worsen the traffic situation, which is already bad. Pollution from
cars and trucks already has a notably degrading effect on the local air-quality and this is also bound to become worse
as the traffic to and from the shopping center increases.
26. Do you like a new movie theater being built in your neighborhood?
It has recently been announced that a new movie theater may be built in your neighborhood. Do you
support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer. 参见：[5]
『范文』
Many people consider our town a small provincial backwater, lacking both culture and the amenities of
modern life. Building the recently proposed movie theater would be a step in the right direction, away from our
backwards past, and towards participation in the larger world. It will create jobs, spark economic
activity, and
provide entertainment and culture for our young people.
Movie theaters are necessarily large-scale affairs, attract a large amount of customers, and accordingly need to
employ a fairly large number of people as ushers, concession stand chefs and attendants, ticket sellers, and
janitorial staff, as well as projection technicians, managers, accountants, and other higher-level professionals. The
employees would be drawn from the local population, and considering the tight job market in the area, the movie
theatre would provide much needed full or supplement incomes for at least thirty families in the area.
Going to the movies is usually an evening experience that either precedes or comes directly after eating
dinner. For this reason many restaurants, cafes, bars, music shops, and other leisure and entertainment venues
spring up around movie theatres. People who are going to the movies have disposable incomes and have already
left their houses in search of a good time. This is an ideal market, and local entrepreneurs are certain to capitalize
on the opportunity to open up new business ventures and develop the lucrative area around the movie theater,
further invigorating the local economy.
In addition to providing jobs and developing the local economy, a movie theater will bring us a little bit closer
to the outside world. We will be able to participate in popular culture. A movie theater is one step in this direction,
and if we can successfully transform our sleepy little hamlet into a regional cultural hot spot, we will be able to keep
our young people from migrating to larger cities that they consider more developed and sophisticated. Our young
people are our most precious resource and we should do everything to keep them here.
27. Should people sometimes do things that they do not enjoy doing?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should sometimes do things that they do
not enjoy doing. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
这个statement里面的限定词是sometimes。应该同意这个观点。[63]可以作为[27]的理由之一，因为，Most
experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time become valuable lessons for the future。这道题甚至可以
作为[43]的答案。Most successful people have one thing in common: they are capable of doing things that they
virtually do not enjoy doing.
『范文』
We live in a world in which every one wants to be successful. Nothing is wrong about the desire to be No. 1,
and there is no doubt that being successful is enjoyable. Nevertheless, it is somewhat childish to think we can be
finally successful by only doing what we enjoy doing. People often are amazed by the glorious appearance of a
skyscraper, however they at the same time forget the fact that the skyscraper had taken a long time to construct,
maybe much longer time to design, and possibly even cost people's lives during the constructing process!
We may categorize things into two groups, the enjoyable and the unenjoyable; at the same time, another
category can be made: the necessary and the unnecessary. The point is, things that are necessary are not always
enjoyable and things that are enjoyable sometimes may be unnecessary. Doing things that are necessary rather than
those that are merely enjoyable is not only helpful, but might also be indispensable for individual success. We all
admire even envy those who now have attained great achievements, such those famous stars as Jacky Chen, Jet Li.
We should, however, be aware of the exorbitant prices they have paid for their present glories. Jacky Chen once
told that when he was still a teenager, he and his partners were required to practice more than 12 hours a day; and it
was said that Jet Li was sent to be an apprentice when he was hardly four years old! Apparently, those seemingly
cruel hardships have turned out to be the best gifts years later. But for yesterday's struggle, today's glories could
not exist.
Things that are both enjoyable and necessary or both unenjoyable and unnecessary virtually seldom exist. We
may dislike some curriculums in university, such as mathematics or history, but they are necessary; we may prefer
leisure times to work days, but the latter are indispensable. Pursuing a successful life is nothing more than making
wise decisions, and by "wise" we mean the choice of doing the necessary first.
28. Is it true that media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous
people?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television, newspapers, magazines, and other
media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities. Use specific reasons and details to explain your opinion.
『分析』
不能同意这个观点——因为这样的说法过于片面。
有．些．媒体(大众传媒mass media)表现得过于关注名人。但是真正的起因(the real cause)却是大众(the
public; the broad masses of the people)本身——大众过于关注名人以及名人的私生活。媒体不过是在
迎合大众(cater to the needs of customers; 过去几年里, 电视一直迎合大众的口味。 In the past several
years, television has been playing to the gallery.)，因为媒体也是商业机构(commercial organization)，
也要盈利(profit-driving)。
不．是．所．有．媒体都在一味迎合大众，也不是所有的television program, newspaper column都在关注名人。
『范文』
It is true that television programs concerning personal lives of celebrities always receive the highest audience
rating. It is also true that newspapers and magazines are constantly reporting stories, which are usually beyond
confirmation, about famous people, and that autobiographies written by public figures are always on the top 10
best-sellers' list. It seems that we live in a world where a few individuals are drawing nearly all attentions.
Nevertheless, it is not exactly precise to criticize the mass media, including television, newspapers, magazines and
so forth, for paying too much focus on the personal lives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities.
In fact, it is the public, to a large extent, rather than mass media, that is paying too much attention on
personal lives of celebrities. Most organizations of mass media industry, being inherently commercial, are driven
by business motivations. Television program producers, as well as columnists and writers, are always aware of
what the public want to see, therefore tend to pander to tastes of the public. To put in another way, the mass media
is audience-oriented, and the phenomenon is well interpreted and manipulated that when famous people such as
actors, athletes and rock stars give their opinions, many people listen. It is the nature of the public, who are
curious enough about personal lives of famous people, since they can never be famous.
On the other hand, it is holistically detrimental for the society if the mass media pay too much focus on
famous few so as to ignore the rest of the individuals. After all, the mission of the mass media is not merely to
cater to the needs of customers, but has a much wider scope, such as to tell the truth, to define what is good and
what is bad; to promote cultural values, and the list could be endless. More popular science programs should be
produced by television, more reports on poor rural lives should be publicized, more books concerning not famous
but respectable people such as, nurses who are fighting SARS fearlessly, teachers who are performing their duties
regardless of poverty of remote villages, journalists who publicize their pieces under political menace, and this is
another endless list should be written.
29. Does human activity improve or damage the earth?
Some people believe that the Earth is being harmed (damaged) by human activity. Others feel that human activity makes the Earth a better place to live. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and
examples to support your answer.
『分析』
不要急于选择。两种观点都过于含混。Human activity指的是什么？
饮食起居：广东人把某种海豚(dolphin)吃得almost extinct；美国人养宠物鹦鹉(parrot)，导致南美洲很多
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稀有品种(rare species)濒临灭绝。
科学研究：好的例子很多，比如电的发明。不好的也很多，克隆(clone)技术、基因重组(gene engineering)
技术，可能导致道德(moral value)的沦丧(deteriorated; ruined); 诺贝尔的发明(炸药explosive)究竟杀
了多少人？塑料袋(plastic bags)的发明，导致了多少white pollution?
战争：从来都是灾难。生化武器，比如炭疽病毒(anthrax)
结论：人类的行为对地球的影响，有好的，也有坏的。很难说哪一种更多。
相关题目：[37]
『范文』
The environment is usually changed to benefit human life. Cars and roads make transportation fast and easy,
factories make products that make our lives more comfortable, public services in cities like water treatment,
electricity, and waste disposal make our lives more convenient. All of these advances, however, come with a
significant environmental cost. Human activity does significant damage to the Earth.
One of the main effects of human activity on an area is water pollution. Dumping waste materials from
human activity into rivers and streams is popular because the waste seems to disappear downstream. The main
sources of water pollution are factory waste, oil and gas runoff from highways, and untreated human waste. When
this waste dumped into rivers, the water downstream becomes undrinkable and unusable for
agriculture, and also
kills plant and animal life in the rivers.
Clean air and water is a prerequisite not only for human life, but also for all life on the planet. But air is now
being polluted by modern transportation, notably gas-powered automobiles, as well as electrical generators that
burn fossil fuels and pour polluting chemical waste into the air. This makes the air much less healthy to breathe.
The air-borne pollution also falls back to the earth in the form of acid rain, which destroys plant life and human
buildings.
Another serious long-term effect of air pollution is global warming. For the past several decades scientists
have noted a disturbing rise in the average temperature of the earth that caused by the rise of greenhouse gases, air
pollutants created by burning fossil fuels, in the atmosphere. Scientists believe that if humans continue to increase
the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the temperature of the earth will continue to rise. Eventually,
this could melt the polar ice caps and cause devastating costal flooding all over the world. Major cities like Hong
Kong, Shanghai, and Dalian might be totally destroyed.
Therefore, I believe human activity has caused serious problems while it has improved the world in which
we live. It is time to realize this hazard and take action to prevent further disaster while making progress.
30. Do you like a new high school being built in your community?
It has recently been announced that a new high school may be built in your community. Do you support
or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details in your answer.
『分析』
教育是百年大计(a fundamental task crucial for generations to come)，当然要同意。 社区的孩子就近上学很方便，减少了路上可能发生交通事故的可能性；
可以提高社区文化氛围(将有更多的书店，音像店)；
进而促进社区经济繁荣；提高就业率等等。
尽管社区可能变得嘈杂一些，但是总体上还是应该支持的。
参见：[5]、[113]
『范文』
The basic prerequisite of success for any community is the education of its citizens. Because the advantages
of a high school education in my town are presently available to only a limited number of students every year, I
wholeheartedly support the construction of a new school facility to serve our community.
The competition to get into high school in my town is fierce. There are three middle schools in
town, but only
one high school. Because the number of applicants to the single high school far exceeds the available spaces in the
high school, only the richest and most qualified students are able to go to school. The skills taught in high school
including advanced math, analysis, and high-level reading and writing are important to every citizen, no matter
what profession they later choose. Even if they are manual laborers, the ability to critically analyze problems taught
in high school will make them better and more highly skilled workers.
Beyond teaching practical skills to more local children, another high school will give children more
opportunity to attend college. Holding a college degree is almost the only way a person can be assured of getting a
stable, high paying job. Even a degree from a two or three year junior college can mean the ability to make a salary
thousands of yuan annually higher than a high school diploma.
Because our current high school is so small, many bright children with promising college careers ahead of
them have no way of even obtaining the high school diploma! We must make sure the road to higher education
remains open for as many young people as possible.
Finally, if we cannot afford to open this high school, our town will have a serious problem with the number
of unemployed youths who graduate from middle school with nothing to do. If they cannot find good jobs, they
might be tempted to commit crimes, use drugs, or, if they are girls, engage in prostitution. Giving these children
another option would both save them and help society.
31. Staying in one place or moving in search of another place?
Some people spend their entire lives in one place. Others move a number of times throughout their lives,
looking for a better job, house, community, or even climate. Which do you prefer: staying in one place or
moving in search of another place? Use reasons and specific examples to support your opinion. 『分析』
选择哪一个都无所谓。直接选择一个立场，文章就变成了罗列三个理由的简单说明文。 后者比较容易操作一些。
也可以采取it depends的策略。
小的时候，没有选择，父母在哪里，自己就要在哪里；
长大了，就会不停地寻找合适的地方；
到了老年，就喜欢停留在一个地方了。
『范文』
While moving to a new place can be a traumatic experience, especially for children, I believe that
in the end
its benefits outweigh its drawbacks. Moving to a new place to live increases a person's
understanding of the world,
offers new challenges and opportunities, and does not preclude putting down deep roots at some point in the future.
One of the greatest benefits of traveling is learning about a new and different place. Traveling to a new place
to live deepens and enriches the sense of newness and learning that a visitor might feel. A new place means a new,
perhaps different job, and new and different friends. Learning the diverse viewpoints of a new place not only
presents totally new information; it also casts a new light on old viewpoints. Often moving to a new place teaches
people more about the place that they are from. Old, seemingly mundane foods, customs, and language are
suddenly new again viewed in the context of a radically different environment. Through comparisons of old and
new places, friends, and ideas, people become more knowledgeable about the world and about themselves.
A new place offers interesting possibilities for personal and professional development. Even though in a new
place people lacks deep connections, they also lack prejudices and rivalries. Often people move to new places to
escape uncomfortable situations that have hampered their personal growth. If I have a
long-standing feud with my
neighbor, I might eventually move to a new place to start over in peace. New places naturally have their own local
politics, but learning about them and finding a way to prosper is like starting life with a clean slate. Every
opportunity is available to newcomers to pursue because the local people do not have
preconceived ideas about
them.
Some people would say that truly settling down in one place and making deep and lasting connections is
preferable to moving every few years. I say that true friendships can be maintained over distance, and that people
will be happiest when they discover a place that is truly the best for them. How can people really know what place
is best for them if they have only lived in one place and have no basis for comparison? Moving once, or even
several times does not mean that a person can never settle down in one, but it does ensure that he/she truly like and
understand the place that he/she does settle down in.
32. Spend your earned money immediately or save it for future?
Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save your money for some time in the
future? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
先讨论一下储蓄的必要性以及及时享乐的好处。
然后可以采取it depends策略进行选择。
是花钱及时享乐好呢还是把钱存起来好，要看钱的数目是多少。如果一个月赚
800块，只有一个选择，花掉。
2000块，就可以花掉一些，存起来一些。
20000块，就多花一些，也可以多存一些。
『范文』
My mom used to tell me: "You can only spend money once." What she meant is that if you spent money
frivolously, you might really need it later and regret your earlier careless spending. After several years of
managing a small amount of my own money, I have come to the conclusion that my mom was right, saving is
better than spending.
No one knows what tomorrow will bring, the only thing we can do is to try to be prepared. When disaster
strikes, perhaps a sudden illness in the family, having money on hand can mean the difference between life and
death. When opportunity knocks, a surprise acceptance to a top university for instance, money is needed for
tuition, board, and books. This is not to say that one should not spend any money because they have to prepare for
every possible contingency. It simply means that one should not spend recklessly without having a substantial
amount of money to guard against an unpredictable future.
The importance of saving money when young cannot be overstressed. This is because young people can
tolerate higher-risk, higher return investments, and can let their investments mature longer, allowing interest on
savings to compound. If invested well, $5,000 today could become $20,000 in 15 years. This concept is so
powerful because the investor does not have to work for the money, the money works for the investor. Saving is not
only a bulwark against an unpredictable future, it is also a way to generate future wealth.
At last, while it is true that spending money can be enjoyable, it is not the only way to have fun. The idea that
we must always be consuming things in order to have a good time is a lie told to us by advertisers. These
companies tell us that only when we drive the right car, wear the right clothes, and drink the right beverages will
we be truly happy. In reality, each person determines the standard of his/her own happiness. For my part, I have
decided that creating things, writing, painting, making music, is what truly makes me happy. The amount of money
I need to spend doing these things is almost nothing, but the happiness they bring me is immeasurable. I would
prefer to save money for unavoidable expenses and enjoy life by being a producer, not a consumer.
33. How to deal with a gift of money?
You have received a gift of money. The money is enough to buy either a piece of jewelry you like or
tickets to a concert you want to attend. Which would you buy? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
『分析』
选择哪一个都无所谓，只要列出三个理由。
比较偷懒的方法是，―根据不同的时间，有不同的选择‖。参见：范文。
相关题目：[142]、[161]
『范文』
It seems not a difficult decision for me. But if I was given the gift of money in different time, I would have
different answers.
If I was given the money when I was in my high school, I would buy a ticket to a concert. I had been longing
for attending concerts of famous artists to enjoy those transcendent pieces such as saxophone of Kenny G. , rock
and roll of Cuijian, and romantic songs of Luo Dayou. Unfortunately I just was not able to afford those exorbitant
prices. The given amount should be better if it is enough for several tickets so that I could take along my best
friends, whose situations were much similar to mine.
If I was given the money when I was in the university, I would buy a fine piece of jewelry, and give it to my girl
friend as a casual present, for we might enjoy a certain concert, but hardly could it be permanently impressive.
Memories are always not reliable. We tend to simply forget anything— at best, memories are somewhat
distorted—if time past long enough. But if I bought my girl friend a piece of jewelry, not costly though it might be, it
would be a perfect reminder, being never changed.
If I was given the money recently, it would only make me feel funny. I don't want to go to concerts anymore,
because I became more and more reluctant to present in crowd public places, and besides, I have bought a super
Hi-Fi which always brings me identical pleasure. And I don't want to buy any jewelry either, for it
is meaningless
for a man who is now solitary. Nevertheless, if I was forced to accept some money as a gift—it hardly happens—I
might buy some books, after all, reading always makes me relaxed and amazed.
34. Should businesses hire employees for their entire lives?
Businesses should hire employees for their entire lives. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons
and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
不同意比较好写一些。Entire是一个过于绝对的修饰词。
雇用人员的原则是：The employees should be able to create more than they are paid.
但是，The business also has responsibility to support those old employees, especially when they have contributed
a lot to the business.
『范文』
The decision to hire an employee for life is a serious commitment on the part of both parties. For the
employee, such an arrangement means lifetime job security. From the perspective of an employer, however, the
deal is not so sweet. Guaranteed lifetime employment, or tenure, at a company, can promote bad work habits,
prevent innovation, and lead to potentially disastrous personnel problems.
When a workers' employment is contingent upon their job performance, they will tend to work diligently. On
the other hand, if workers know that no matter how hard they work, they will receive the same amount of money
and have no chance of being fired, there are no incentives for them to work. For people to be model workers they
need compelling reasons to work hard and produce work of the highest quality. A tenure-system promotes laziness,
inefficiency and low-quality work because it fails to offer incentives for good work, and fails to offer compelling
deterrents against bad work.
Secondly, companies that offer lifetime positions to employees cannot adapt to a rapidly changing world. For
instance, if an employee who was hired by a company twenty years ago might be too old to effectively learn new
computer-related skills. In today's modern office environment, companies that cannot make effective use of new
technology are at a severe disadvantage to those that can. In this case, a company that does not have the freedom to
restructure, hiring and firing employees, in accordance with shifting demands is likely to fail. A company that
provides its employees with tenure effectively locks out new blood and runs the risk of being
paralyzed by a staff
unable to change with the times.
Finally, offering tenure to employees is a major risk because of unforeseeable personnel problems. Every
office, no matter how well managed, is bound to have personality conflicts. In many cases, personality conflicts
can lead to one of the feuding parties leaving the company. But if the conflict involves two tenured employees, the
business might be seriously affected, even destroyed. Despite the uncertainty it brings to workers lives, the
company must look out for its own best interests first and not allow this disastrous situation to occur by not
instituting a tenure policy.
35. Live performance or television broadcast, which is more enjoyable?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Attending a live performance (for example, a
play, concert, or sporting event) is more enjoyable than watching the same event on television. Use
specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
同意或者不同意都是片面的。讨论现场的好处(比如气氛好air of excitement；投入感强 getting involved)和
电视转播(television live show)的好处(比如，有解说commentary/commentator；多镜头various angles of view;
镜头组接 montage)，至于选择，要视情况而定。
如果是中国甲A足球赛，才不去现场呢！生气。可是如果是有机会去看欧洲杯的话，不知道要比看电
视过瘾(to one's heart's content)多少倍！
如果是F4的演唱会，是绝对不能去的，电视也不看！可是如果是the rolling stones的演唱会，就一定要
去了——可惜，因为SARS取消了。
『范文』
While watching live performances on television is convenient, it cannot compare to attending a I live
performance in person. Live performances, whether artistic, sporting, or entertainment, offer unique sensations
apart from the performance itself, and encourage a greater level of participation I as well as a better understanding
of the event than a television broadcast could.
The wonderful sensory experience of a soccer match begins before the game starts. The smell of popcorn and
street food wafting through the air, the crowd roaring and waving like an ocean, and the excited songs of the fans
are all part of the experience that adds to the enjoyment of watching the game in person. A rock
conceit is not just
hearing the music; it is the feeling of standing in a crowd: that is moving together like one living body to the beat
of the drums. These experiences are all important parts of the experience of an event, and cannot be felt when
watching the same event on television.
When watching a performance in person, a viewer feels a closer sense of connection to the event. Every fan
in the stadium will always leap to their feet when they see their favorite team score a goal in a soccer match, while
only a few people might jump up watching the same goal at home. Watching a music performance on television
wouldn't necessarily make people want to start dancing, but hearing a jazz band play live would start every foot in
the room tapping, just itching to dance. Live events seem to invite the active participation of the viewing audience,
while television is a medium that encourages passivity on the part of the viewer.
The understanding of a performance viewed on television is usually limited. A rock performance viewed live
has ear-shatteringly loud music. While some people might not enjoy this, it is a part of the experience that
television filters out. At any given time during a sporting event there are many different things going on at once.
Because television cameras can only focus on one event at a time; a live viewer can take in a larger field of vision,
and potentially understand more about the events. Finally, live viewers' understanding of live performances is
increased because live performances are not interrupted with commercial breaks every 12 minutes.
36. A transportation vehicle that has changed people's lives
Choose one of the following transportation vehicles and explain why you think it has changed people's
lives.
? automobiles
? bicycles
? airplanes
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
根据[70]，应该选择automobiles。注意，要回答为．什．么．汽车改变了人们的生活。 汽车改变了人们的时间、空间观念，进而改变了人们的生活。
汽车使货物的远程运输成为可能，进而使人们可以购买更多的商品。
汽车使汽油变得格外重要，直接间接导致了很多中东地区的战争。
汽车使空气污染更加严重，导致人们的健康受到影响
相关题目：[70]、[106]、[177]
『范文』
Automobiles, as the exponent of modern transportation vehicles, virtually have contributed to modern life more
than most people have imagined, even though automobiles, as is true of all other technologies, have also created
many problems.
The advancement of modern transportation, certainly including that of automobiles, has made more goods
available in local markets. For example, in China, some fruits are only cultivated in the southern part of the
country and not in the northern, such as litchi, sugarcane, pineapple—partly due to sheer gradient of temperature.
Thanks to the advancement of modern transportation system, people in the northern part of the country can now get
those southern cultivated fruits readily available in almost every local market. In the far past when such system
didn't exist, when goods could be transported only by primitive tools such as carts, some fruits such as litchi were
the privilege of imperial household.
At the same time, the development of modern transportation has also made goods in local markets much less
expensive. Take litchi for example again. Two decades ago, litchi was pretty expensive, and was a luxury. But the
development has made the transportation easier and the cost lower and lower. On the other hand, due to previous
factors, more merchants are engaged in the business that simultaneously intensified the competition, which
certainly affected the prices. Thus, the price of litchi subsequently dropped. The same goes for other goods as well.
Today, people are able to buy almost any goods they want no matter where the origin of the goods is, and to make
choice among more counterparts, and the best of all, to take the goods home with less expenditure. Moreover, advanced transportation vehicles such as automobiles have to some extent made people more
independent than before. It is not hard to imagine that 50 years ago a young widow who lived in a small village
and whose husband had died when she was 23 had little chance to get married again, for the sake of the tradition or
culture, or whatever. But if that happened in the present day, things would be entirely different. Advanced
transportation vehicles being readily available, she could easily get to another city within at most 2 days and by
lower expenses, say from the small village located in the north east of China to the far southern city, Guangzhou -
several thousands of miles away. That's a big city, that's a new city, and nobody knows her there;
she has a brand new
start, and she is entirely independent.
37. Is progress always good?
Do you agree or disagree that progress is always good? Use specific reasons and examples to support
your answer.
『分析』
不同同意。Always是一个绝对的修饰词。
大多数的时候进步是好的。电的发明、交通方式的进步、通讯方式的改良
也有些时候进步带来一些副作用。
参见：[29]
『范文』
Progress can be measured in many ways, but one very tangible way to measure progress is by looking at
economic development. In these terms, progress can be seen as a very positive force, helping many people rise up
from poverty. But history shows that progress, even as measured by economic progress, always has its cost.
Take Germany in the 1930's for example. Humiliated by unequal treaties after World War I, the German
people were suffering from a terrible economy and massive inflation. Then Hitler took power and mobilized the
German economy, in several years the Germans economy had recovered and was actually becoming among the
most powerful in Europe. But Hitler's economic miracle came at a terrible price. His plan was to use Germany's
economic power to finance its military power. Germany's aggression sparked World War II, a catastrophe that
killed tens of millions of people all over the whole world, including countless millions of civilians. When progress
serves evil, the result hurts.
Likewise the progress of America, arguably the most advanced of all nations, has come at a heavy price.
America used to be the land of native Americans. America's current "progress" would probably not have been
achieved if most of the land in America still belonged to the Native Americans. From their perspective, America's
current progress is their profound loss.
Finally, China's economic growth over the past 25 years has been truly remarkable. Standards of living have
gone up dramatically, but the progress has negative aspects as well as the obvious positive ones. As income gaps
between the rich and the poor widen, social problems like crime and poverty become more pronounced. The
damage done to the environment by factories and "progressive" human activity might not be undone for hundreds
of years, affecting the lives of Chinese people for generations to come. If these problems are not addressed, our
grandchildren might truly come to regret current alleged "progress."
38. Does history have any value for people living in the present?
Learning about the past has no value for those of us living in the present. Do you agree or disagree? Use
specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
不能同意。No是一个绝对的修饰词。只要列出三个values or advantages of learning history就可以了。
『范文』
People live in the present. They plan for and worry about the future. History, however, is the study of the past.
Some people might ask, "Given all the demands that press in from living in the present and anticipating what is yet
to come, why bother with what has been? Given all the desirable and available branches of knowledge, why
insist—as most American educational programs do—on a good bit of history? And why urge many students to
study even more history than they are required to?" However, it's undeniable that learning about past has its value, it
will help us understand people and societies, and it will help us understand change and how the society we live in
came to be.
History helps us understand people and societies. In the first place, history offers a storehouse of information
about how people and societies behave. Understanding the operations of people and societies is difficult, though a
number of disciplines make the attempt. An exclusive reliance on current data would needlessly handicap our
efforts. For example, how can we evaluate war if the nation is at peace—unless we use historical materials? How
can we understand genius, the influence of technological innovation, or the role that beliefs play in shaping family
life, if we don't use what we know about experiences in the past? Consequently, history must serve, however
imperfectly, as our laboratory, and data from the past must serve as our most vital evidence in the unavoidable quest to
figure out why our complex species behaves as it does in societal settings. This, fundamentally, is why we cannot stay
away from history: it offers the only extensive evidential base for the contemplation and analysis of how societies
function, and people need to have some sense of how societies function simply to run their own lives.
History also helps us understand change and how the society we live in came to be. The second reason history
is inescapable as a subject of serious study follows closely on the first. The past causes the present, and so the
future. Any time we try to know why something happened—whether a shift in political party dominance in the
American Congress, a major change in the teenage suicide rate, or a war in the Balkans or the Middle East—we have
to look for factors that took shape earlier. Sometimes fairly recent history will suffice to explain a major
development, but often we need to look further back to identify the causes of change. Only through studying history
can we grasp how things change; only through history can we begin to comprehend the factors that cause change; and
only through history can we understand what elements of an institution or a society persist despite change.
39. Technology, students' helper or not?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? With the help of technology, students nowadays
can learn more information and learn it more quickly. Use specific reasons and examples to support your
answer.
『分析』
不能完全同意。要表明It is largely true that (把statement换个句子结构写进来)。
How technologies help students learn more information? (互联网；电子书籍)
How technologies help students learn more quickly? (电子字典；电子文本的搜索功能) But some times technologies handicap learning. (电子游戏)
结论，学得多，学的快，还要靠一些其他的因素，比如，毅力。Technology can help a lazy student nearly
nothing.
『范文』
It is undeniable that continuously developing technologies have brought tremendous benefits, especially in
learning area. Learning has in many ways become easier than has ever been before. Take learning English for
example. In the past, few students owned tape recorders, and learning materials were scarce as well. But today,
tape recorders get more and more inexpensive, and diversified learning materials are readily available. On the other
hand, new devices, such as MP3 or MD players, are offered in market, and relevant learning materials (MP3 files)
are easily and freely downloadable from the Internet.
However, it is a little bit haste to assert students can learn more information and learn it more quickly simply
because technology helps, since technologies, as always, contribute both benefits and detriments. For example,
computers, as have been mentioned, help students a lot in various ways, but at the same time have many negative
even harmful impacts on the users. Most students nowadays play computer games, sitting before the table, staring
at the screen, clicking mouse button, and the outcomes are cerebrum fatigue, visual deterioration and another day
of waste. Chatting on the Internet is another great way to kill precious time, and one of negative side-effects of
key -board dependence is that students nowadays can seldom spell correctly. Worst of all, investigations have
shown that more than half of time that students have spent online was exhausted on browsing porn movies, pulp
fictions or erotic photos and so on.
Students certainly want to learn more and to learn more quickly. But merely technology itself is not the
solution. Learning itself is a skill and it only develops by practice. Computers and other devices can certainly help,
but they won't make study any less painful, and technologies in fact provide no solution to overcome indolence
that everyone has. Learning has never been easy, and will not be easier merely because of technologies. It always
requires tremendous efforts and determination to learn something well. Too much advocacy on the fancy benefits
of technologies will mislead much more than virtually help.
40. Do we need "Never, never give up"?
The expression "Never, never give up" means to keep trying and never stop working for your goals. Do
you agree or disagree with this statement? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
Never是一个绝对词。但是由于这是一个积极向上的说法，所以，要―很大程度上同意。‖永不放弃的前提是
―制订一个现实、可行、并有意义的计划‖。
参见：范文。
『范文』
Near the end of the Second World War, Churchill delivered his most famous and the shortest speech: Never,
Never Give Up. The British and people in many other countries were tremendously encouraged, and finally went
through the hardest period in human history.
"Never give up" represents a strong and positive life attitude. Some people are ready to quit when they feel
they cannot endure the difficulties of some work or they think they cannot find a way to finish the required task.
Such people usually become upset and disappointed and lose their self-confidence, although they virtually can do
every thing well simply by trying once more. In cases such as acquiring second language, most people failed
simply because they had given up. Acquiring second language might be the easiest task among diverse academic
curriculums, because one can be successful only by plain repetition, though it is painstaking and time-consuming.
Never give up. Such strong belief often gives us the second chance. The fact that we
fail-somewhere does not
mean we are going to fail everywhere, and especially it does not necessarily mean that we are deprived of
opportunities to win there. There probably is a second chance. Many successful people did fail before. Yu Minhong,
the founder of New Oriental School, was able to study in Peking University only after three attempts. He wasn't
reckoned as successful after graduation, among many signs is the fact that almost all his classmates went abroad
while he w~ each and every time refused by officials in visa-granting office for unexplained reasons. Yet he never
gave up, which makes his later success inevitable.
Psychology teaches us that we do get what we want, if we know exactly what we want and want the right
thing. First of all, we must make sure that our clearly defined goals are achievable, and that our carefully
designed means are practicable. A superficial claim like I want to be a millionaire brings nothing. And an
unrealistic goal like inventing a perpetual motion machine is absolutely meaningless. But if we want to acquire a
second language, it is both realistic and meaningful. By careful planning, and relevant persistence we have no
reason to fail. And numerous examples tell us that even if the methods are problematic, many still finally attain
great achievements. Therefore, in most cases, the belief "Never, never give up" is really something that we should
always bear in mind.
41. Land for human needs or endangered animals
Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not?
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
选择不同意更好写一些。列举两三个保护endangered animals的重要性。同时不要忘了说明人类也确实需要
更多的土地。只不过不能只顾眼前利益(short term benefits)而已。
『范文』
When making decisions about land use, some say that human needs should come before animal needs in every
case. While I agree that human needs should have primary consideration, humans have a special responsibility to
protect the land that endangered animals call home.
Animals adapt very slowly to sudden changes in their environments. Many endangered animals can only live in
one place, or in a specific type of place. Humans, on the other hand, have a special ability to adapt quickly to
changing and hostile environments. For instance, if humans need to live in a very dry environment they can use
technology to locate and drill for water, or build pipelines to bring in water from outside. Thousands of years ago
the residents of Xinjiang province dug underground tunnels hundreds of kilometers long to carry water to oasis
towns like Turpan. Because humans are thus flexible while many animals are not, humans should make an effort to
use up all available space before encroaching upon the habitats of endangered animals.
One of the important reasons to protect endangered animals is that the delicate ecological balance of an area
might be irreparably harmed by their extinction. For example, if humans chop down forests and use the land to
grow corn, they might simultaneously destroy the habitats of a kind of bird that eats locusts. The next year because
the locust population can grow unchecked, locusts might destroy the entire nearby corn crop. Not only do the birds
lose their homes, but humans are also harmed. The ecological balance of many natural habitats is still not well
understood and humans interfere in it at their peril.
Finally, humans have much to learn from endangered species. One example is in the field of medicine. By
observing a particular species of endangered monkeys in South America, scientists have discovered that monkeys
eat a certain kind of plant when they get sick. Through research the scientists discovered that this plant also has
medicinal value for humans. If the monkey's habitat had been destroyed to create more farmland, not only would
we lose the plants and the monkeys, we would also lose life-saving medicines and the potential for
medical
research.
42. One skill needed to be successful in the world today
What is a very important skill a person should learn in order to be successful in the world today? Choose
one skill and use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
参见：[15]。也可以用[27]作为答案。
『范文』
People succeed not merely because they have one or more certain skills. However, if I have to choose one
skill which is supposed to be useful to success, I think it should be the ability to convince or persuade others.
By convincing or persuading we get what we want from others. When we were children, we always managed
to persuade our parents to buy us candies; when we were in the high school, we had to persuade our classmates to
play with us; when we applied for a job after graduation, we had better be able to successfully convince the
employer that we are qualified employees. Besides, some day, we will all have to convince a person whom we love
that we are in deed outstanding husbands or excellent wives.
By convincing or persuading we become more and more sturdy and powerful. Nobody is capable of doing
every thing perfect. By persuading others to cooperate with us, we can achieve much more than we could only by
ourselves. Mr. Yu Minhong, CEO of Beijing New Oriental Education & Technology Group, had successfully
convinced his alumni including Mr. Wang Qiang and Mr. Xu Xiaoping to strive after an ideal—to build a most
influential private university in China, and today, they have been so close. Mr. Yu, while answering a journalist, said
that he once persuaded Chinese students to go abroad, his current work is to convince those students to return to their
homeland with their enhanced intelligences.
Ironically, it is ourselves who need us to persuade and convince most. We by nature are weak, yet have to be
stronger to face up to tough surroundings. All too often we need encouraging. Amazingly enough, it is ourselves
who can in deed encourage. When we are in trouble, we need convince ourselves not to give up, when we are in
plain sailing, we need persuade ourselves no to be negligent. By convincing ourselves, we become more and more
independent, and more and more robust, both of which are characteristics essential to success.
43. The attractions of dangerous activities
Why do you think some people are attracted to dangerous sports or other dangerous activities? Use
specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
罗列出三个理由，比如：
金钱
快乐
无知
参见：[1]
『范文』
People engage themselves in dangerous activities for various reasons, which probably includes money, pleasure,
and perhaps ironically, nescience.
Perhaps the most direct drive might come from money, which is needed for everyone, any time and
everywhere. People have enough wit to balance their certain choices, especially when they fa danger and money.
Those stunt men or women in Hollywood movies, photographers who shoot sharks or crocodiles, or those who
participate in stock car racing, are always sophisticated enough calculate whether the outcome overweigh the risk. If
they are willing to take the risk, they must have evaluated well. They know exactly the rule: the more risks they take,
the more they might get.
There also is another kind of people in this world. Money is of almost no importance to them They perform
dangerous activities just for their own pleasure. Perhaps the most appropriate example involves sports. Actually
every kind of sports is dangerous, and even can be deadly. Danger always exists, but people tend to simply ignore it.
Take parachuting for example, who can refuse the fascination of flying in the sky like a bird? On the other hand, it
seems that danger itself makes the activity so fascinating as too hard to refuse. To conquer is the very nature of
human being from the very beginning. Pheidippides said seconds before dropping dead two thousand years ago,
"Rejoice,] we conquer!" And it seems perfectly logical for some people that celebration follows conquer.
Ironically, sometimes blind brave comes out of nescience. Sometimes people simply don't know the activity
is hazardous or how perilous it exactly is. It can be exemplified by a recent incident. Five students (three of them
have a master's degree) lost their lives in a mountaineering expedition. Those students reportedly didn't, and it
seems highly probable, make an adequate preparation before expedition, which made the tragedy ineluctable.
People always praise alpinists with words such as strong, brave, courageous, but in this case none of these words
is appropriate Those young students traded their springtime with blind brave, and died in vain.
44. Do you travel alone or with a companion?
Some people like to travel with a companion. Other people prefer to travel alone. Which do you prefer?
Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
『分析』
分别讨论两种方式的优缺点(relative merits)，然后说，具体的选择要视情况而定。 相关题目：[111]
『范文』
The biggest inconveniences of traveling are high expenses and safety concerns. Traveling with a companion
may solve both of these problems and at the same time adds to the enjoyment of the trip. Part of the joy of traveling is the sense of discovery felt when seeing a completely new place. Traveling with
someone else compounds that sense of wonder. When you see or experience something new you can share it with
your travel companion. Likewise, when you are traveling with someone else you get the benefit of another pair of
eyes and ears, and you are more likely to notice interesting things when you are not traveling alone. When I was
hiking in Yunnan province with a friend, she spied a frog sitting by the edge of the trail. Had my friend not been
there, I would not have seen it, and missed part of the natural beauty of Yunnan.
Traveling companions not only enrich the experience of travel, but also make it safer. According to police
statistics thieves, rapists, and murderers are all much more likely to target a single person walking alone than to
target a group of two or more people. To save money, a person traveling alone might sleep in a dorm room. Apart
from the noise and inconvenience of sharing a room with a large number of strangers, travelers also have to be
constantly vigilant to prevent other people from stealing your belongings. When traveling with a companion you
can take turns watching each other's valuables on trains, restaurants, parks, and other public places frequented by
tourists.
Finally, traveling with a companion is also cheaper than traveling alone. A hotel room for one person might
cost 100 yuan, while a room for two at the same hotel might cost 120 yuan. If you have a companion you can each
spend 60 yuan per night, rather than both spending 100 yuan if you traveled separately. It is also cheaper to eat in
restaurants and you get to sample more kinds of food when two people order. When bargaining for souvenirs, each
person can save a little money if you offer to buy more than one. Traveling with a companion can easily cut your
travel expenses in half, while doubling the fun of trip.
45. Which kind of life do you like, get up early or get up late?
Some people prefer to get up early in the morning and start the day's work. Others prefer to get up later
in the day and work until late at night. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
『分析』
这是个非常私人的问题。尽管很多人都喜欢睡懒觉，但是―早起的好处‖应该更容易写一些。 有益于健康，可以去锻炼身体。
早上大脑经过休息，相对更加清醒，适合学习。
『范文』
When I was a kid and didn't want to go to bed early, my father always used to say, "The early bird gets the
worm." I certainly knew what he meant: people who stay up late at night aren't able to get up early and take full
advantage of the new day's opportunities. I'm not sure how wise I am, but I can certainly feel that getting a good
night's sleep and an early start help's me do a full days work. I
However, every job or task always has unforeseen problems and complications. A trip to the] post office
seems simple enough, but could be complicated and lengthened by heavy traffic, forgetting to bring money or
addresses, or long lines. When I need to do many things in a day, a| delay at the post office can negatively affect
all of my other tasks. To minimize these potential negative effects, I try and get an early start that leaves me plenty
of time later in the day to finish my other tasks.
Another important reason to get up before 8:00 a.m. is that businesses usually start their workdays by 9:00
a.m. at the latest. A person who wakes up at 10:00 a.m. has already lost two precious business hours. This gives
them less time to go to the bank, the post office, or deal with any company or government office that keeps regular
business hours. People who get up early have the extra benefit of all of the hours of a full business day during which
they can be more productive than they can during non-business hours.
Finally, getting up early and going to sleep early is a fairly standard schedule to which most of society adheres.
If I adhere to it as well, I will have more time to spend with my family and friends. If I get up late and stay up late,
I will not only lose opportunities to interact with others during business hours, I will also lose chances to interact
with people because they are asleep! This would, be all right if I were a hermit, but since I enjoy the company of
others, I prefer to be an "early bird."
46. What makes a good son or daughter?
What are the important qualities of a good son or daughter? Have these qualities changed or remained
the same over time in your culture? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 参见：[15]
『范文』
In traditional Chinese society, a person's most important relationship was that between a parent and a child. The
only measure of whether a child was good or bad was whether or not they were obedient to their parents' wishes.
Traditionally a Chinese family had many children. Boys were expected to go to school and, after they grew
up, to have a son of their own, and to manage the family's affairs. When his parents grew old, a son was expected to
live with and care for them. A girl's parents would usually arrange her marriage to someone who she did not love
and without consulting her. After she was married, she was no longer a part of her biological family; instead she
became an adopted daughter of her husband's family and had to respect her husband's parents as she would her
own parents. She was also expected to bear her husband a son. A child who broke these norms, defied or
disrespected their parents was seen as worthless or immoral at best, and could legally be killed by their parents in
extreme cases.
Today of course, China is very different. Chinese children are still expected to respect their parents, but
society is not as conservative as it used to be. When a Chinese son gets married, he will often prefer not to live in
the same house with his parents, although he might still feel quite obligated to care for them in their old age. The
greatest strides have been made by Chinese women, who now hope that their daughters grow up to marry someone
that they love, and who is able to take good care of them.
The major revolution in the Chinese family since 1980s has been the introduction of the one-child policy.
Since Chinese families are now usually only allowed to have one child, the roles of parent and
child have almost
been reversed! Today's children in China, while still expected to treat their parents with respect, have become the
"little emperors and empresses" of their families. Many "little emperors" are so doted on by their immediate and
extended families that they become very spoiled, demanding toys, candy, and attention all day long. Because of the
changing structure of the Chinese family, the bonds between parent and child, while still of primary importance,
are characterized less by rules and respect and more by love.
47. A large company or a small one, which do you want to work for?
Some people prefer to work for a large company. Others prefer to work for a small company. Which
would you prefer? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.
『分析』
选择哪一个都无所谓，列出三个理由。
不要忘了提及另外一种选择也有一些好处。
也可以说不同的情况下可以做出不同的选择。
『范文』
While some people enjoy the relative comfort, stability, and prestige of working at a large company, I prefer
to live life on the edge. Given the choice, I would much prefer to work at small company where I could have more
responsibility, more excitement, closer relationships with my coworkers, and a greater sense of accomplishment
than I could have at a big company.
If I worked at a large company, my role at the company would be highly specialized and narrowly defined. At
a smaller company everyone has to take on extra responsibilities to make the business work. For instance, if I
worked at a small computer software company as a programmer, I might not only program, but also have to make
trips to potential clients for sales. At a large company, the sales department would talk to clients, and I would be
stuck in the same boring routine every day with less responsibility. I might less in touch with what the clients
wanted if my responsibilities were limited to programming.
I crave excitement, so the idea of working for a small company particularly suits me. While working at a
large company can offer more job security, workers don't usually get any of the annual profits. But if you work for
a small company, profits are more likely to be shared at the end of the year. This means that the harder you work,
the more potential there is to make a large amount of money. It is also especially gratifying when
you can see how
your hard work helped to build or save the company, a feeling of accomplishment that is difficult to attain when
working in a large company.
Finally, working together in a small company creates a sense of special closeness between colleagues. You
have to both trust and depend on each other for everything. This closeness is not only between people within the
company but can also extend to your clients and suppliers, all of whom you can get to know on a first name basis.
Business deals become less impersonal and more pleasurable when you work with people you trust and like. This
trust is both deeper and easier to build when you work for a smaller company.
48. Reasons why people work other than earning a living
People work because they need money to live. What are some other reasons that people work? Discuss
one or more of these reasons. Use specific examples and details to support your answer. 『分析』
列出两、三个除了钱之外的工作的理由：
兴趣(比如有些歌星)
理想(比如有些医生、律师)
成就感(比如教师)
还有些人上班工作只不过是为了打发时间
『范文』
One of the most overlooked reasons why people work is to help other people. Government officials, social
and charity workers, and religious organizations, and others all work not only for their own salaries, but also work
for the common good. They labor for others because of their moral convictions, for reasons of personal reciprocity,
and because they want to make society more stable, thereby benefiting themselves and others. Some of the most famous charity workers in the world have been affiliated with religious groups. For
instance, many of the foreigners living in the poor regions of Africa are doctors, teachers, and other professionals
who are paid by religious organizations to help the poor, sick, and needy people there. These professionals could
make much more money if they worked in rich countries. They have chosen to help poor people because they
believe their religion tells them to help people who cannot help themselves. They are working for others for moral
or religious reasons.
Some people work for other people because at some time in their lives, someone else has helped them. Many
teachers can tell stories about a particular teacher who changed their lives. The gift a great teacher gave to them
inspired them to become teachers themselves. Likewise, many people become doctors because a doctor saved one
of their family member's life and they felt like they owed a debt of gratitude that money could not repay. To such
people, the motivation for working is not the paycheck at the end of the month, but the smile on a child's face when
they read their first book, or the look of joy on new parents' faces when they see their healthy newborn baby.
Finally, some people work for others because they believe that society is only safe and stable when all of its
members are happy. These people include good government officials who try to make policies that benefit the
poorer classes of society. They know that only by making policies that help poor people live richer, happier lives
can they lower crime, sickness, and poverty rates, and make society safer and happier for all citizens.
49. Is face-to-face communication better than other types of communication?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Face-to-face communication is better than other
types of communication, such as letters, email, or telephone calls. Use specific reasons and details to
support your answer.
『分析』
同意或者不同意，都是错误的。不结合具体情况，无法判断哪一个更好。
先比较两种沟通方式的优缺点(relative merits)
然后根据不同的情况说明那种方式更好：
跟老板、同事沟通，face-to-face communication更好
跟愤怒的投诉顾客，telephone更好一些
跟情人沟通，当然face-to-face更好。
相关题目：[160]
『范文』
While many modern forms of communication like phone calls, email, and letters, are extremely convenient, in
my opinion, nothing beats speaking to another person face-to-face. Face-to-face conversation is the ultimate form
of human communication because it is interactive, and allows a broader range of possibilities for communication in
the intricacies of tone of voice, body language, and can add the intimacy of touch.
The first and most obvious advantage that face-to-face communication has over a letter and email is that
there is the ability for an interactive conversation. If the sender of a letter or an email does not write clearly, or the
recipient does not understand part of the correspondence, then much time must be spent to clear up the
misunderstanding. In a face-to-face conversation, misunderstandings are easily dealt with because of the immediate
and interactive nature of a face-to-face conversation.
The argument might be made that telephones and instant messaging services like MSN and ICQ are equally
viable formats for interactive conversation, with the added benefit of being available over long distances. I would
still argue that face-to-face conversation is better because you can see the other person. Not all communication is
verbal; the meaning of much of what we say depends on our body language and tone of voice. Joking and irony
are particularly difficult to express, identify, and enjoy without seeing the expression on someone's face, or
watching the movements of their body.
Finally, if the goal of communication is to maintain or deepen a relationship with someone, business partners,
friends, husbands and wives, or parents and children, face-to-face communication offers the option of
communication by touch that is unavailable even if we could communicate by video. Trust and respect between
businesses partners can be established with a firm handshake. No amount of body language can convey the
excitement of a high-five between friends, and no number of words can communicate the comforting embrace of a
loved one. Touch is the first foundation of our human relationships, before spoken language, and it is only
available when people communicate face to face.
50. Do what you already do well or try new things?
Some people like to do only what they already do well. Other people prefer to try new things and take
risks. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice. 『分析』
讨论两种attitudes各自的好处。然后在不同的情况下，选择不同的态度。比如：
锻炼身体有很多种方法，如果我已经习惯了慢跑，只要能够达到身体健康的目的，就不必要花时间练
习一些其他的体育项目了。
放松的时候可以听听音乐——往往是同一首歌或曲子已经听了很多年。但是看电影，却很难做到重复
看同一个电影几百遍。
『范文』
A defining characteristic of people is the degree to which they are willing to break out of their comfort zone.
Old habits and well honed skills give great comfort to any individual, but new personal challenges build character
and allow one to grow as a person. It was not until very recently that I fully comprehended this. Today, while I still
enjoy doing the things I am already good at, I have become increasingly eager to try new things because I have
learned the value of new experiences.
I have always been a talented athlete, and I still find great comfort on the basketball court and in the
swimming pool. These are familiar places where I feel at home. They are also places where I continue to excel.
However, not so long ago my older cousin, a person whom I have always looked up to and admired, reminded me
that there is nothing wrong with discovering new talents or doing many different things very well. He introduced
me to music.
For the past sixteen months I have been learning how to play the guitar, and this new experience has been
extremely rewarding. Initially, I struggled. My inability to play even the simplest of notes frustrated me, and quite
often I thought about giving up. Yet with my teacher's encouragement I continued to make progress. Now my
appreciation for music is much more profound than ever before, and my appetite for new experiences is whetted.
Together with a couple of classmates I have formed a book club. Every week we get together and discuss a
piece of literature. Of course, my friends were hesitant to give this new idea a try at first. Nevertheless, I have
convinced them to be risk takers, and now all of us enjoy not only each others' company but also books and stories,
which is a completely new experience for all of us. Together we are planning to learn how to dance and to
purchase bicycles to explore the area around our hometown. We don't want to limit ourselves to what we know
already.
51. What does success come from, taking risks or careful planning?
Some people believe that success in life comes from taking risks or chances. Others believe that success results from careful planning. In your opinion, what does success come from? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
注意，不一定要选择taking risks or chances或者careful planning二者之一的。比如可以这样写； 有时候为了成功是应该冒一些必要的风险
为了成功详尽的计划也是必需的
但是我认为为了成功，坚持是最重要的
『范文』
Magazines and newspapers never tire of telling stories about people who have come to success quickly by
taking risks. However, the problem with taking chances is that, while one can win a fortune, one can also lose
everything. Careful planning helps reduce that possibility, and it is a basic skill that all established business people
have. Therefore, I believe that continued success in life will be the result of careful planning as well as taking
risks.
Careful planning is a requisite part of life, especially when one's decisions can impact one's own life and
the lives of others in a significant way. For example, the CEO of a company must weigh all of his options
cautiously. After all, his decisions will impact not only his life and that of his family but also the lives of his
workers and families. Due to a miscalculation on his part the company could incur significant losses. These
losses might be so substantial that the company will be forced to cut jobs in order to save money or save the
company itself. Therefore, the CEO's carelessness could cost him his job or, even worse, could cost the jobs of
other workers in the company who might be less well-off than him.
At the same time, taking chances is necessary on the way to success. People who get too caught-up in
careful planning often find themselves unable to make decisions. They are looking for more and more
information in order to make a well informed assessment, but they are taking too long. For example, the same
CEO who plans the moves of his company carefully so as to minimize the possibility of failure faces tough
competition in the business world. In order to stay ahead of his rivals he will have to make decisions on the fly to
beat out competing companies who are trying to buy the same materials or sell similar products. Thus, depending
on the situation, taking a risk could be necessary to save a company or to ensure its prosperity well into the future.
52. How to make your hometown more appealing to people your age?
What change would make your hometown more appealing to people your age? Use specific reasons
and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
改变其环境。
参见：[16]
『范文』
My hometown is a pretty good place to live. However, I still can think of at least three changes that would
drastically increase the towns appeal to people my age, around 20. The construction of public sports facilities
would give us the opportunity to exercise and spend our time constructively, the further development of the public
parks would provide us with places to spend our leisure time in nice and cost free environments, and the lowering
of the cost of public transportation would give us the opportunity to roam the city more freely. Exercising is the most popular recreational activity amongst people my age, but unfortunately there is very
little opportunity to pursue sports in my hometown. All of the gyms, basketball courts, and football fields are on
school grounds, and most of the time they are occupied by other students or sports teams. When they are not
occupied, the facilities are locked up or it is too dark to play sports. The construction of public sports facilities
that are open to anybody would solve this problem.
My friends and I enjoy spending time together, but we cannot find a suitable place to hang out. Most of the
time, we meet at the shopping mall around the corner, or play outside the convenience store across from school. We
usually just spent what money we have and do nothing else but look at the stores or sit on the street. We want to go
to a park or a nice green area, but most of them are not very well kept. Those that are nice are too far away.
Lowering the cost of bus and train tickets would not only allow us to go to those parks, but it would open up a
whole new realm of possibilities. We would be able to go to other parts of the city and see our relatives more often.
Right now, the only time we get to see our cousins is on holidays. Furthermore, we could actually afford to see a
movie in the theater. At present the cost of transportation is almost as much as the ticket itself.
53. Is money the most important aspect of a job?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important aspect of a job is the money
a person earns. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
不能同意。绝对词：the most important。
参见：[48]
『范文』
I understand that nowadays it is very important for people to earn a lot of money. As a matter of fact, many
people equate money with success: the more money you earn, the more successful you are. However, the financial
aspect is not the most important aspect of a job. The work environment and camaraderie with one's coworkers, the
personal fulfillment from one's occupation, and the opportunity to balance professional and personal lives are
much more important.
People who spend forty hours a week or more at their place of employment should enjoy their work
environment, especially the company of their co-workers. After all, the prospect of having to spend any amount of
time in a room or a building with people who one does not respect, who are unpleasant, or, even worse, hostile, will
have a very negative effect on one's disposition and mental health. A few more dollars in the bank account cannot
compensate for this.
Similarly, one should derive a special fulfillment or pleasure from doing one's job. Normally, a person will
spend at least a third of his/her adult life at work (eight hours or more every day). One should not waste this time by
doing work that is boring or tedious even if it is well paid. The money earned will only enrich the life away from
work but not enhance the work experience.
Finally, the personal life can only be enjoyed adequately if there is enough time away from the professional
life. Affluence affords many nice things, such as houses or cars or television sets, but a person who has to work
night and day will not be able to derive any pleasure from them. Also, a father or a mother who makes a lot of
money might be able to provide his or her family with a comfortable life, but how much good does that do if he or
she never sees them? Time spent with family, especially children, is invaluable, and thus a job with long hours
might cost a person more than it affords.
54. Should one judge a person by external appearances?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One should never judge a person by external
appearances. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
『分析』
表明只能―部分同意‖的立场。然后写两大段，举若干个例子。
很多的情况下，确实不应该根据外表判断一个人。
但也有一些情况下，必须根据外表判断。比如，导演选择演员；招聘零售柜台店员等等。 相关题目：[121]
『范文』
People should look beyond superficial appearances. All too often we judge people quickly, and we do not take
the time to gel to know them. We draw conclusions based on prior experiences and stereotypes. Of course, there
are situations in which judging a person based on appearance is necessary, but such quick conclusions can lead to
serious misjudgments, and they often prevent progressive change within society.
As time is limited, we often don't have enough of it to get to know a person well, and thus we are forced to
form an opinion hastily. During a job interview, for example, decisions have to be made very quickly. If the
applicant for an office job does not dress in accordance with the standards of the employer, he will probably not
get hired for the position, although he might be the best qualified candidate overall. Another applicant will take
his place, because his qualifications, including his ability to dress and present himself
professionally, appear to
address the needs of the company better.
In most other cases, however, judging based on external appearance can lead to many
misjudgments. An old
person is not necessarily wiser than a young person, because wisdom is the result of experience and not age. A
person dressed in old jeans and tennis shoes does not have to be poor or without means, she might merely prefer
the comfort of her old clothes to the discomfort of high heels and business suits.
Judgments based on appearance will also prevent progressive change within society, because people will come
to conclusions based on stereotypes. For example, a person with very dark skin might be from an African country,
but he/she might also be from another continent altogether. Likewise, his/her skin color does not reveal anything
about his/her likes or dislikes, his/her character traits or personality. Nevertheless, almost every person will
invariably jump to conclusions on all of these, thereby precluding any contact or true
understanding of the person
and his/her background. As a result, common perceptions will persist and no progressive change will take place.
55. Should people make important decisions alone?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A person should never make an important decision alone. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
不能同意这个观点。Never是绝对修饰词。
确实，很多的时候独自做出的决定是错误的。因为做出正确的决定需要完整的信息。
然而，也有些时候必须独自做出决定。比如，战场上的指挥官。并且，很多独自做出的决定
并不是错
误的。
所以，只能说one can not be more careful to make an important decision。
可以写一篇短文，how to make a sound decision。这样，在应对[55]、[61]、[120] 的时候都可以用到
『范文』
Important decisions are those that will have a significant or lasting impact on a person's life. Oftentimes such a
decision is difficult to make because the consequences are considerable or because the decision's circumstances
and implications are complex. As a result, people will consult friends and family for their opinions to get a better
understanding of the situation. Seeking advice is helpful because it helps to avoid pitfalls and precludes
carelessness, but in the end the person who has to live with the decision should make it by himself/herself.
Discussing important decisions with others can be beneficial, especially if the person one is conferring with has
experience with the problem at hand. For example, in order to be able to decide between continuing one's
education after finishing four years of university studies and finding a job, it is helpful to talk to people who have
made this decision. A person who decided to find gainful employment will probably give different advice than a
person who decided to stay in school. Listening attentively to both will allow a person to make the best
assessment of his/her own situation as he/she will be able to learn from others' experiences. At the same time, one should consider the opinions and feelings of the people who will be impacted by
his/her decision. For example, husband and wife should confer with each other before making up their mind to quit
or change a job. After all, the change of a job can impact many aspects of their life together, such as the household
income or the amount of time they can spend together.
However, one should not allow or even ask others to make an important decision on one's behalf. After all,
he/she will be the one with all the information at his/her disposal, especially after seeking advice from others.
Ultimately, the person who has to live with the decision (in so far as it is a personal decision that does not affect
others directly in a significant way) should take complete responsibility and make it
himself/herself.
56. Support the arts or protect the environment?
A company is going to give some money either to support the arts or to protect the environment.
Which
do you think the company should choose? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
选择哪一个都可以。只要列举出两三个sound reasons。并且要在作文中提及另外一个选择的好处，以显示―考
虑周全‖。需要考虑的至少有两点：
企业花钱，当然要考虑input-output ratio。投入哪一个活动中，公众效应更加明显？ 社会作为受体，哪一个活动将对社会有更多的实际好处？
『范文』
Nowadays companies contribute money to many worthy causes. In fact many cultural events only become
possible through corporate sponsorship and financial support. The choice between supporting the arts and
protecting the environment is not an easy one. However, the company should give money to protect the
environment because a healthy environment is necessary in order to produce and enjoy the arts and also because
every company has an obligation to secure the environment which it pollutes either directly or indirectly.
A healthy environment has served as inspiration to artists over the centuries and millennia. On all continents
creative people have drawn from the positive effects of natural beauty to produce landmark pieces of art, and
painters, writers, and musicians alike talk about the stimulating effects that nature has on their work. Furthermore,
nature is the focal point of many works of art, for example, landscape painting. Therefore, a healthy environment
becomes a prerequisite for art.
Protecting the environment will also ensure that people will be able to enjoy the arts in the future. After all,
environmental pollution causes and contributes to many diseases and illnesses. Naturally, sick people are not very
concerned with high culture but are more worried about getting healthy or staying alive. Thus, money spend on
environmental protection will make it possible for people to continue to enjoy art because they will live healthier
lives.
Lastly, every company contributes in some way to environmental degradation. Even the companies that don't
cause pollution by means of manufacturing or production still ship products or use great amounts of electricity in
their line of work. Since air pollution is a serious problem, much of which is caused by industrial transport, and
because electricity is a scarce commodity, the production of which also causes environmental damage, businesses
should invest in this area. Not only will the company fulfill its ethical obligation but it will benefit from the
investment.
57. Movies: serious or entertaining?
Some movies are serious, designed to make the audience think. Other movies are designed primarily to
amuse and entertain. Which type of movie do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support
your answer.
『分析』
分两个段落讨论两种电影，说明这两种电影都有他们的价值，都值得观赏。
最后一段说在不同的心情下，有着不同的选择。
『范文』
The question of what kind of movie to watch is a familiar one in my home. While my father does not care for
movies a great deal, my mother is very fond of this kind of entertainment. Unfortunately, her tastes are very
different from mine, and she mostly likes movies that fall into the light entertainment category. I, on the other hand,
do not enjoy watching movies that aim only to amuse. Generally, I derive a greater sense of enjoyment from movies
that get me to think, because I can find better light entertainment elsewhere and I consider movies a serious art
form.
Sometimes, of course, I enjoy movies that amuse or entertain lightly in order to distract myself from the
seriousness of everyday life. Humorous movies such as slapstick comedies are my favorites amongst the amusing
ones, and every once in a while I even enjoy a romantic comedy. These movies offer a kind of escape. However,
there are other ways of distraction that I prefer. For example, I enjoy taking long walks or listening to music much
more than I enjoy watching a flick that means to accomplish nothing more than diversion. Movies, to me, are
serious business.
I tend to look at movies as an art form that should engage its audience and also challenge them. Of course there
are different ways to accomplish these two goals. A director might make creative use of stylistic means such as
editing or lighting or camera movement. Together with the screenwriter he/she might find ways to present a
relationship between classical or stereotypical characters in a complex and innovative way. Ideally,
he/she will
present an important social issue from a point of view that has not been thoroughly discussed. Thus, through his/her
work, he/she will make his/her audience think about questions they had not considered before. Thereby, they will
add to the discussion and make a contribution to culture and society. In my opinion, this is the goal of all art and thus
it should also be the goal of movie making.
58. Should businesses do anything they can to make a profit?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Businesses should do anything they can to make a profit. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.
『分析』
不能同意这个观点。
商业的首要目的确实是盈利(profit-making)
但是任何企业团体作为社会的组成部分，有责任考虑到整个社会的利益(overall welfare of the society)，
所以不能为所欲为(do whatever one wants to do; have one's own way; have [take] one's (full) swing; stop at
nothing)。法制的必要性。
『范文』
The ultimate goal of every business is to make a profit. Businesses that don't turn a profit go under and
dissolve, and increasing competition on national and international markets makes it more and more difficult for
companies to succeed or simply stay alive. Regardless, as members of society companies are subject to laws and
regulations that they must abide by, and the people who run businesses have a personal responsibility to both their
employees and the community in which they do business.
It is true that stiff competition will force companies to go to extreme measures to secure profits, but these must
not. include illegal means. In the recent past, the enormous sums of money involved in contemporary economics
have led CEOs and managers of businesses to bend the rules of the trade. For example, companies have
deliberately ignored government standards for environmental pollution limits or tried to bribe government officials
to allow mem to bypass these regulations. Such illegal means might be possible because of the sometimes
tremendous social and political influences of businesses, but they are immoral, and the government should make a
point of punishing violators.
Furthermore, the managers of companies must be aware that employees and their families depend on jobs
for financial security. For many businesses cutting jobs or moving jobs to another country is a way to further
increase profits. However, the same jobs that are being cut or moved often support entire communities. If, for
example, a company closed down an entire manufacturing plant of 5,000 or 10,000 jobs in order to make even
greater profits, then a community of the size of a small city would suddenly find itself out of job. The initial
consequences would be mass unemployment and a sudden death for the entire local economy, and before long
related social problems will surface, e.g. crime, homelessness, domestic violence, and drug abuse. These are all
indirect yet devastating consequences of the business aim to increase profits. The owners and managers of the
company have an ethical obligation not to ignore the consequences of their actions and should not try to maximize
profits at all costs.
59. Live life in a hurry or at a slower pace?
Some people are always in a hurry to go places and get things done. Other people prefer to take their
time and live life at a slower pace. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support
your answer.
『分析』
两个态度都片面。所以不要急于选择。
我们真正希望的是，不慌不忙(with full composure)，却很有效率(efficient)。所以，我更倾向于careful
planning。[51]，因为careful planning是成功的关键。
另外，也要看是什么样的事情，工作、学习，都喜欢尽快结束(give it an end as quickly as possible)，但
是与朋友消遣，与家人相伴，却不应该匆匆忙忙(bustle up)，而应该at a slower place。 『范文』
I used to live at a frantic pace. My wristwatch dictated my life, and the hands of the clock pushed me forward
to my next appointment, my next assignment, and my next social engagement. However, I have managed to relax.
Now that I live my life at a slower pace I have become a better student, a more reliable friend, and a person who
enjoys life much more than before.
Living life at a slower pace has allowed me to pay much more attention to detail and to work through my
assignments at school more thoroughly. Before I was always rushing through my reading and my writing, and my
concentration was not very strong. The clubs and sports teams I belonged to demanded a lot of
attention. After I
decided to get rid of some of the more involved activities I had more time to focus on my studies and the results
have shown in my marks.
While I am still busy with school and extra curricular activities, I also make a point of slowing down and taking
a step back in order to prioritize the things in my life. This allows me to evaluate how much time I should spend
on one thing or another. For example, while I was hurrying through my schedule I often lost track of my friends. I
forgot about dates that we made and things that I agreed to do for them. This will not happen now. By slowing
down the tempo and realizing how important my pals are to me, I have once again become a reliable friend.
Lastly, living life at a slower pace allows me to appreciate the good things in my life. In the past I would only
think about the things I would have to get accomplished next. This anticipation did not allow me to concentrate on
the moment, but now I am able to enjoy a family dinner or an afternoon at the movies with my friends without
worrying about what I am supposed to do next.
60. Are games equally important for adults and children?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Games are as important for adults as they are
for children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
同意这个观点比较容易写。
成年人也有娱乐的需求，从繁重的压力中解脱出来(escape)
游戏对老年人更是如此。
从游戏中可以学到很多东西(桥牌——团队精神；围棋、象棋——拓展智力)
相关题目：[148]
『范文』
Games are fun. This is true for adults and children alike. However, games also teach a variety of skills and
they further every domain of a person's development. This is particularly important during the early stages of life.
Through games children learn gross motor and fine motor skills, they practice and develop the ability to use language,
and they learn important interpersonal and social skills. Adults can use games to strengthen these areas, but their
abilities are already much more advanced, and therefore games are more important for children. In play a child learns gross motor skills such as walking or jumping, which an adult has already mastered.
Pushing a shopping cart, for example, teaches a toddler to balance his/her weight and to use
his/her legs to
support his/her body. This activity is game and exercise at the same time, but it would be completely unnecessary
for adults. Similarly, fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination are areas in which a child has much more to learn
than an adult. Thus playing catch with a baseball has a much greater benefit to the young and inexperienced
person.
Language games allow children to practice and strengthen their language skills. Even simple singsong or
rhyming games aid in this development. Needless to say, due to their advanced language ability, adults would not
get much out of these simple ditties. In comparison, adult language games such as scrabble don't build but
fine-tune language ability. Children are not able to compete here because they have not yet amassed enough
knowledge.
Elementary interpersonal and social skills ranging from communication to cooperation are also developed in
play. Children learn systems of social rules when engaging in simple activities like pick-up football games. For
example, they learn how to control themselves and to tolerate their frustrations around others. They also learn how
to work in a team. These, of course, are abilities that are extremely important for adults as well, but, once again,
children have more to learn.
61. Should adults make important decisions for their older teenage children?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents or other adult relatives should make
important decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-old) teenage children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
表明立场：这样的做法有一定的道理。
支持这样的做法的理由：older teenage children还不够成熟(immature)，考虑不够周全(inconsiderate)，尤
其涉及到经济相关的决定时，缺乏独立承担能力(incapable of being independent)。 然而，―如何保证parents或者adult relatives所作的决定就是正确的‖也是个问题。
另外，总是把孩子排除在决定权之外，是否会使孩子变得―没能力做出任何决定‖？the ability to make
sound decision是人生道路上很重要的能力之一。
相关题目：[55]、[120]。
『范文』
Parents or other adult relatives should not make decisions on behalf of their older teenage child. Nevertheless,
they must take an active part in the decision-making process of their offspring. They can use their knowledge and
experience to prevent their teenager from making costly mistakes while allowing him/her to gain confidence and
learn from his/her smaller errors so that he/she will be able to make mature decisions of his own in the future.
Teenage children often lack the experience and knowledge to make sound decisions, and here their parents'
input is valuable and necessary. Finding the right university or the right job after graduating from senior school is
an example for this. A teenager has not worked before and never attended a university, and thus his knowledge in
both areas is extremely limited. Here the parents should advise their child and ensure that he/she makes the right
decision.
In order to be able to make sound decision in the future a young adult must gain confidence, and parents can
help by engaging him/her in dialogue and providing him/her with all the necessary information. A child between the
ages of 15 and 18 will be able to recognize the best arguments and reasons. Through the parents' guidance he/she
will arrive at the correct decision and feel as though it was completely his/her own. Not only will he/she continue to
seek the reliable advice of his/her parents, but the self-confidence gained from this experience will make it easier
for him/her to make decisions in the future.
While parents should guide or direct their child, sometimes it is helpful to allow him/her to make a mistake.
This will teach the child to live with the consequences of a wrong decision and also to ponder future choices more
carefully. For example, a child might ignore his/her parents' advice and pick a summer job that sounds very
interesting initially, but which he/she comes to loathe almost immediately. This experience will be invaluable when
the child grows up and has to find a real job.
62. What do you appreciate most in a friend?
What do you want most in a friend — someone who is intelligent, or someone who has a sense of humor, or someone who is reliable? Which one of these characteristics is most important to you? Use
reasons and specific examples to explain your choice.
参见：[15]
『范文』
I appreciate all three qualities in my friends. It is important to me that my friends are intelligent, because I
value intellectually stimulating conversation on meaningful topics. On the other hand, a friend with a good sense
of humor can entertain and understands how to ease my sorrows by making me laugh in difficult times. However,
only the reliable friend, by virtue of his dependability and loyalty, is guaranteed to stand by me in difficult times,
and thus reliability is the most important characteristic I look for in a friend.
In my last year of senior school my three friends and I decided that we would study together for the college
entrance exam, but my smartest friend hardly ever showed. She was extremely intelligent and everybody,
including our teachers, was certain that she would be admitted to one of the best universities in the country. As a
result, she did not bother to study much. At our study sessions she would appear occasionally, but more often than
not her visits would distract us rather than help us. We would end up talking about metaphysical concepts like the
existence of god instead of studying our lessons.
My humorous friend attended most of our meetings, but usually he was unprepared and we had to spend a lot
of time getting him up to speed. He made us laugh, and he joked about how much better we were learning now that
we had to teach him. Maybe he was right, but his constant lack of preparation became a steady source of frustration
to the other two of us.
However, my third friend and I were able to rely on each other. We overcame our common frustrations and
fears by completing the tasks we set out to do. During those long evenings when the work seemed unbearable we
cheered each other up and kept working hard. Meanwhile our intelligent friend was minding her own business
and our humorous friend was making somebody else laugh.
63. Can difficult experiences become valuable lessons?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time become valuable lessons for the future. Use reasons and specific examples to support our answer.
『分析』
表明立场，基本同意这个观点。因为这个观点没有使用绝对词。(Basically/Fundamentally, it is true that…)
举一些例子支持题目中的观点。
然而也确实有些痛苦经历对将来毫无帮助。比如对大多数不喜欢化学的人来讲，中学时期在元素周期
表(periodic table [system] of elements)中苦苦挣扎的经验对以后的人生并没有什么帮助。 有些父母、教师用这个说法作为虐待孩子的借口，说是为了孩子的将来着想，就很没有道理
了。
『范文』
Sometimes experiences that are supposed to be easy and enjoyable turn difficult because unforeseen troubles
arise. At other times problems simply turn out to be more difficult than expected, and this, in turn, causes great
frustration. However, most difficult experiences will become valuable lessons for the future. They help us anticipate
and prevent future mistakes, they allow us to recognize and solve problems more quickly, and they also make it
easier for us to endure hard times.
After our family car broke down in the middle of nowhere, my father realized that he had taken his toolbox out
of the trunk earlier that day. He, my mother, and I spent nearly the whole afternoon in the sweltering summer heat
of late July waiting for the car mechanic to arrive. It turned out that there was only a minor problem with the
engine that my father could have easily fixed himself had he had the right tools. That evening he put the toolbox
back into the car and vowed never to make the same mistake again.
Math used to be a very difficult subject for me, but once I learned how to identify and distinguish the
individual equations it became a whole lot easier. While I used to sweat blood and tears of frustration over my
textbook, because I could not figure out where to begin, I am now familiar with the problems. As a result I solve
them in less time and I am much less frustrated.
My mother once told me that I was a much more difficult and painful birth than my younger sister. She joked
with me that, as a result, I should treat her better and I was supposed to do more chores around the house.
However, when she saw how upset her off-hand comment made me, she hurriedly explained that, while the time
of delivery and other circumstances were nearly identical, being pregnant with me had prepared her for my sister's
birth. The birth of her second child was easier to endure.
64. Be self-employed, work for someone else, or own a business?
Some people prefer to work for themselves or own a business. Others prefer to work for an employer.
Would you rather be self-employed, work for someone else, or own a business? Use specific reasons to
explain your choice.
『分析』
不要急于选择。先讨论两种情况各自的优缺点
做老板，赚钱的，可是风险也大
给别人打工，是稳定，但是工资少。
选择哪一种要看各人情况。
『范文』
There are advantages to all three kinds of employment. Owning one's own business might very well be the
fastest way to fortune. Working for an employer, on the other hand, is often less risky and usually there are fewer
responsibilities. However, I would like to be self-employed. Being self-employed would cater to my strength of
working independently, it would give me a maximum of professional and personal freedom, and I would not have to
take responsibility for the continued financial security of any employees and their families.
I am a perfectionist and enjoy working by myself. When I work in a team or together with a group of people,
usually the others' quality standards are much lower than my own. Furthermore, I like to be involved in every step
of the development process. For example, if I could become a journalist I would like to be self-employed because
I would be responsible for researching, writing, and editing. At most major newspapers and magazines these are
three different areas.
Another great benefit of being self-employed is the ability to balance personal life and career. When working
for a major company I would have to work on assignments that don't interest me very much. Also, it would be
difficult for me to take vacation time whenever I needed. However, as a self-employed person I can decide which
jobs I want to take and which jobs to reject. Nobody would order me around. Also, I could design my own work
schedule and adjust or change it if it interfered with my personal life.
Lastly, as a self-employed professional I would neither have to give orders nor take orders. After all, I don't
work for anybody and nobody works for me. As I am not very fond of managing people and even less interested
in being bossed around, the independent or self-employed work would suit me just fine.
65. Should historic buildings be preserved or be replaced with modern
buildings?
Should a city try to preserve its old, historic buildings or destroy them and replace them with modern
buildings? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
保留历史建筑的必要性：文化意义；教育意义；商业意义(开发旅游业)
城市土地需求的现实性：开发住房；商业场所
至于要不要保留，往往是看哪一个价值更大，并且要具体情况具体分析。The answer depends on the
concrete analysis of concrete conditions。
『范文』
Tall glass towers, whose shiny facades are as cool as their air-conditioned insides, are becoming part of
cityscapes from South America to North East Asia. In the process, old buildings are making room for the
seemingly unstoppable advancement of modernity. Thus the face of the global city is changing, and city planners
are facing the difficult choice of either preserving historic building or replacing them with modern ones. As there
are strong arguments for either option, the final decision will depend on a thorough analysis of the specific
situation at hand.
It is important to preserve historic buildings and parts of cities because they are part of the cultural heritage
that gives identity to a community. Old homes and living quarters are a part of history, and, once destroyed,
leveled, and buried under thousands of tons of concrete and steel, they will be lost forever. The constructions
erected in their places in too many cases lack any sort of connection to the place. These buildings are anonymous
and cultureless edifices that could stand tall in any other part of the world. They lack the charm and character of
their historic predecessors.
Yet the construction of new buildings is a sign of modernization. Not only will many people find work in the
process of building these structures, but their existence will attract future investments and thus greatly benefit the
economy of an area or country. In addition, these new buildings often have lower maintenance costs in
comparison to the aged constructions. More importantly, newly development homes and office spaces include the
comforts of modern life, e.g. air-conditioning and modern kitchens, are thus comfortable to live in. Sweeping generalizations are impossible here. A city government should try its best to preserve the old, historic
charm of a city and its people. Yet at the same time, they have to look forward and modernize old, rundown
buildings in an effort to make their city a more comfortable place to live in and a more successful place to do
business. Therefore, a city should think about its general interests and goals and then try to make specific
decisions in individual situations.
66. Are classmates a more important influence than parents on a child's success
in school?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Classmates are a more important influence than
parents on a child's success in school. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 『分析』
要经过比较之后才能选择，并列不能一概而论(We should not make sweeping generalizations)。以下的问题可
以帮助拓展思路：
孩子与谁相处的时间更长一些？(尽管相处时间越长不见得影响就更大)
孩子与谁沟通的更多一些？(很多父母缺乏与孩子进行沟通的技巧)
家长通过什么方式影响孩子？
同学通过什么方式影响孩子？
或者，可以使用―It depends‖的策略：要看哪一方面的影响？比如：
? 饮食习惯的影响
? 思考方式的影响
? 审美观点的影响
? ……
相关题目：[114]都是在讨论家庭以外的因素和家庭内的因素究竟哪一个影响更大一些？ 『范文』
It is extremely difficult, maybe even impossible, to generalize the relationships between parents and children.
After all, personalities, temperaments, and values differ from person to person as does the ability to raise children.
Furthermore, the relationship between parents and child changes over time, and the same is true for relationships
between classmates. As a result, the question of who is a more important influence is difficult to answer, but what
is undeniable is that parents should and classmates can have significant impact on a child's success in school.
Parents are responsible for raising a child, and they should instill the value of education in him. After all, a
child who enjoys education and learning is more likely to do well in school. This success will open up all kinds of
opportunities in his future, from studying at a reputable university to finding a good job. Therefore, parents
should take an active interest in their child's education and help him through difficult times by encouraging and
motivating him. Nevertheless, parents must be careful not to force their child to success, particularly in early
adolescence. Many teenagers become temporarily alienated from their parents during this period of their life, and a
parent's insistence on academic excellence against the child's will could further erode their relationship and also
have a negative effect on the child's schooling.
Relationships to classmates have a significant effect on a child's academic performance, because it is in their
company that most of a student's learning takes place. Since it is important for children of all ages to be accepted
by their peers, much of a student's life is spent trying to fit in. Ideally, students will motivate and learn from each
other, but often the opposite is the case. A student who shines in the classroom can become a social outcast,
because his/her classmates are jealous of his/her performance. This can then cause him/her to become less
inclined to study and work hard, because acceptance by the classmates is more important to him/her than high
marks.
67. Hire an Inexperienced worker with low salary or an experienced one with
high salary?
If you were an employer, which kind of worker would you prefer to hire: an inexperienced worker at a
lower salary or an experienced worker at a higher salary? Use specific reasons and details to support
your answer.
『分析』
选择哪一个，要看是什么样的position。
? 一些较低的职位，基本不依赖创造性，比如门卫、前台服务员。这要选择前者。
? 一些中等的职位，需要创造性，但是可以培养。还要选择前者，因为所谓的experienced不一定保障
efficient。
? 较高的一些职位，所需要的人需要很高的创造性(creative)，能动性(initiative)。一些经验比如管理
经验都是必需的。那么，要选择后者。
相关题目：雇佣的原则[31]
『范文』
A company's human capital might very well be its greatest asset. As a result, a lot of thinking has to go into
hiring a new employee. Naturally, in order to maximize profits, a company will want to employ a well-qualified
candidate who is willing to work for very little money. Depending on the position that is to be filled, experience is
an important qualification for which a company will have to pay a high salary, but often other intangibles such
aptitude, initiative, and creativity are just as important, and they might be compromised by prior experience.
There are positions for which extensive experience is absolutely necessary or at least extremely helpful. For
example, an airline will not hire inexperienced pilots to fly their biggest passenger planes for good reason, and an
investment firm will not allow a recent college graduate to manage the portfolios of their most important clients. In
these areas specialized knowledge gained from experience is mandatory. Similarly, when it comes to managing or
supervising other workers, knowledge of the subject matter is important but even more important is the ability to
communicate effectively. This skill can only be developed through experience. Therefore, a company that wants
to be successful immediately will have to pay for this kind of experience.
Sometimes a company will be better off hiring a candidate with less experience. Not only will this prospective
employee command a lower salary, but his/her lack of prior experience will allow him/her to learn new procedures
more quickly, as he/she will not have to unlearn old ones. Similarly, employers often complain that seasoned
workers have become rusty in their established routines. They lack the initiative and drive of their youthful
counterparts. Finally, creative positions are often filled with people who have little experience because these
individuals are still open to new trends and movements, as opposed to being committed to old fads. Therefore, if I
was an employer, I would try to make a decision based on the requirements of the position I have to fill and the
qualities of the candidates applying for the job.
68. Is daily homework necessary for students?
Many teachers assign homework to students every day. Do you think that daily homework is necessary
for students? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
『分析』
基本上同意。
给学生留作业的好处
学生缺乏自学能力，所以，通过留作业，可以使学生不知不觉地完成知识的吸收。
学习是一个系统的过程。系统的重复(systematical repetition)是学习过程中的一个重要机制 (mechanism)。而留作业，也正是通过这个机制使学习更加有效。
但是，有些老师
留作业不科学，还不如不留。
留作业太多，造成副作用(counter-effect; negative effect)，使学生厌学(be weary of studying) 另外，要看是哪个阶段的学生：
小学(elementary school)一二年级，就不要留作业了吧？
初中以上，留作业的同时是不是应该更注重培养学生的自学能力呢？
上了大学之后，还要每天留作业，就很古怪了吧？
『范文』
For students the only good homework is no homework. This has been a truism for as long as schools have
existed. However, the practice of newly acquired knowledge and the preparation for new lessons are essential
parts of the learning process. Teachers understand this and give assignments accordingly. Nevertheless, there is
such thing as too much homework. Whether daily homework is useful or not depends on the age of the students
and the subjects in which the work is assigned, and teachers also have to take into account the possible negative
effects of overwork.
The age of a student or, better yet, the stage of the personal development of a student has to be considered
when deciding on the amount of homework assigned. Elementary school students respond differently to daily
homework than senior school students. They are more limited in their ability to concentrate on a subject and take
in knowledge. These are skills that are developed over time. In addition, they will need time to learn other
important lessons, for example how to interact socially and behave in a group of their peers. Thus, instead of daily
homework, these students need time to play with their friends.
The need for daily homework also differs from subject to subject. For example, in the areas of mathematics
and languages continuous engagement with the subject matter is necessary, because it allows a student to
internalize important concepts and mechanisms. In the field of history, on the other hand, it is more important
that students grasp greater concepts. Memorizing dates and places is important, surely, but, if forgotten, these can
always be looked up in the textbook. In these subjects daily homework is not only unnecessary but it might
discourage students from taking an interest in the topic.
After all, learning is largely a voluntary activity, and teachers have to consider the possibility that too much
homework will frustrate the students. As a result, students might become less interested in the subject or less
willing to learn. Consequently, the good intentions of the teacher could very well have the opposite effect and a
student will learn less.
69. Choose a subject that you have never had the opportunity to study
If you could study a subject that you have never had the opportunity to study, what would you choose?
Explain your choice, using specific reasons and details.
『分析』
比较自由的题目，选一个科目，然后罗列三个理由。比如，学医
可能比自己目前的专业更容易找工作(可以给自己编造一个非常偏僻的专业)
救死扶伤很有成就感
家人身体不舒服却束手无策(have no more arrows left in one's quiver; at one's wits' end)很不好受
参见：范文
『范文』
Students graduating from colleges today are not fully prepared to deal with the "real world." It is my belief
that college students need to be taught more skills and information about personal finance management to enable
them to meet the challenges that face everyone in daily life, which includes playing the credit game, planning their
personal financial strategy, and consumer awareness.
Learning how to obtain and use credit is probably the most valuable knowledge a young person can have.
Credit is a dangerous tool that can be of tremendous help if it is handled with caution. Having credit can enable
people to obtain material necessities before they have the money to purchase them outright. But unfortunately,
many, many young people get carried away with their handy plastic credit cards and awake one day to find they are
in serious financial debt. Learning how to use credit properly can be a very difficult and painful lesson indeed.
Of equal importance is learning how to plan a personal budget. People have to know how to control money;
otherwise, it can control them. Students should leave college knowing how to allocate their money for living
expenses, insurance, savings, and so forth in order to avoid the "Oh, no! I'm flat broke and I don't get paid again
for two weeks!" anxiety syndrome.
Along with learning about credit and personal financial planning, graduating college students should be
trained as consumers. The consumer market today is flooded with a variety of products and services of varying
quality and prices. A young person entering the "real world" is suddenly faced with difficult decisions about which
product to buy or whose services to engage. He/She is usually unaware of such things as return policies,
guarantees, or repair procedures, information of this sort is vital knowledge to everyday living. For a newly graduated college student, the "real world" can be a scary place to be when he or she is faced
with such issues as handling credit, planning a budget, or knowing what to look for, when to make
a purchase and
whom to purchase it from. Entering this "real world" could be made less painful if people were educated in
dealing with these areas of daily life. What better place to accomplish this than college?
70. Has automobile improved modern life or caused serious problems?
Some people think that the automobile has improved modern life. Others think that the automobile has
caused serious problems. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your
answer.
参见：[36]
『范文』
Over the course of the past one hundred years the automobile has become a staple of modern society, and its
impact has been considerable. Yet the question of whether it has improved our live or caused serious problems is
irrelevant, because the automobile has done both. Consequently, we should develop its strengths and seek to
correct the problems it continues to cause in order to reap greater benefits from this tool.
With the invention of the automobile the age of transportation shifted into another gear. Quickly it became
possible for people to travel more comfortably and conveniently to destinations near and far, and the figurative
world moved closer together. Trucks carried cargo across countries and soon became serious competition for trains
and ships. As a result, food and other consumer goods have become available even in remote areas, overall living
standards have improved, and the automobile industry, which has grown fantastically over the course of the past
century, employs millions of workers worldwide.
However, as societal reliance and global economic dependence have grown together with the automobile
industry, many significant problems have surfaced. Car and truck exhausts pollute the air in metropolitan areas
around the world and thus create serious health problems. The continued use of fossil fuel engines and the
scarcity of oil have led to much political strife and even war, particularly in the oil rich region of the Middle East.
As the powerful automobile industry remains reluctant and has yet to successfully promote an engine type that
does not rely on gasoline power, the problem of fossil fuel shortage will become an even more serious problem.
Since the automobile is here to stay we must not only enjoy its conveniences, but we must also aim to reduce
the problems it has caused, for example air pollution and over reliance on fossil fuel engines. In the same vein, we
must encourage the usage of alternative fuel sources, which have been researched and developed successfully. Then
the benefits of the automobile will outweigh the serious problems.
71. Choosing a job: high-paying with long working hours, or low-paying with
short working hours?
Which would you choose: a high-paying job with long hours that would give you little time with family and
friends or a lower-paying job with shorter hours that would give you more time with family and friends?
Explain your choice, using specific reasons and details.
『分析』
在不同的阶段有不同的选择。比如：
年轻的时候 vs 成家之后
刚刚开始工作 vs 积蓄颇丰
『范文』
I am optimistic that through my studies and continued hard work I will be able to find a job that will provide
my future family and me with financial security. We should be able to afford the necessities of life, such as a modest
home, enough food to nourish us and keep us in good health, as well as education for our children. Hopefully, I will
find myself in the fortunate situation where I can decide between a high-paying job with long hours and a
lower-paying job with shorter hours. I would choose the job with the lower salary and greater personal time without
hesitation, because my family and friends are the most important things in my life.
Time is the greatest investment I can make into the relationships with my wife and my children. A marriage is
not just a decision one makes but a promise that one keeps. In order to do so one has to be there for the other person
and share moments of joy as well as times of difficulty. Nowadays, too many relationships wither away as the
partners are unable to work out their problems or bond through meaningful experiences. Personal careers become
too important and family time becomes a rare occurrence.
The absence of one parent, due to professional career or divorce, can have a very negative effect on a child's
development. The child might question his value to father or mother (depending on which one is continually
absent) and develop low self-esteem. Without the presence of either or, worse, both parents, the child will be more
likely to make bad decisions as he is lacking proper guidance. And there is one point should also
be mentioned, i.e.
neither expensive toys nor fancy clothes can compensate for this.
Lastly, I can derive more pleasure from spending time with my friends than I ever could from driving a sports
car or taking luxury vacations. The inner peace and balance that I enjoy from their company are invaluable to me.
Also, a million dollars in the bank would be worth nothing if I didn't have the time to enjoy these riches with my
friends.
72. Do grades encourage students to learn?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Grades (marks) encourage students to learn.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
不同意比较好写一些。承认grades的一些意义的情况下，指出grades的众多副作用。 观点：Grades do not always encourage students to learn.
Grade对学生的好处：便于教学体系的整体管理。有利于学生循序渐进(follow the principle of gradual
improvement)地学习。可以使学生了解自我的学习效果。
Grade带来的副作用：无情的竞争使学生们为了高分而不择手段(resort to every expedient)，比如作弊
(cheat)。高分带来骄傲(arrogant; be too big for one's shoes/boots)，而低分使学生灰心失望(lose hope)
甚至放弃(abandon learning motivation)。
参见：范文
『范文』
Does grade really encourage students to learn, and guarantee a qualified education? Hardly. Given the
opportunity, students spend time using their intelligence to figure out how to get a higher or top grade without
doing the real work of the course and without thinking, rather than spending the same time thinking and exploring,
regardless of what grade this may bring them. It isn't that these students are not motivated. It's just that they're not
motivated to learn as much as they're motivated to get good grades. Once one became
grade-oriented in your
thinking, it is difficult for him/her to stop thinking that way.
Anybody who gets top grades is, in some sense, a winner of the system. But these seeming winners are, far
too often, losers of a more important game. To win the grade competition in high school, most of these "winners"
learned to ask what was expected of them and then do just that. They had to make sure they got high SAT scores by
memorizing endless vocabulary words and by practicing a 1001 uses of the Pythagorean Theorem.
They wanted to
know from their high school teachers if the material being covered on a given day was going to be on the test,
because they realized early on that the test is all that matters.
When these "successes" of the system arrive in college, they, of course, have not changed their attitudes. They
fear open-ended assignments. They are impatient with discussions mat are not going in any particular direction
except where the interests of the discussants dictate, since they know that such discussions waste time that could
have been better spent studying for a test. What these students have learned from school is the underlying message
that the world is run by authorities who have definite points of view. The system has taught them that the way to get
along in the world is to understand and to cater to those points of view espoused by the educational "authorities".
Cleverness pays, but disagreement does not. Such students are in the process of becoming "yes men."
On the other hand, students who do less well in high school are often rebelling against curricula they see as
irrelevant to their lives. This type of student judges what goes on in school according to how well it relates to his
own day-to-day concerns. If algebra does not seem relevant to the problems such students face, then they see little
need to pay attention to it. Under such circumstance, the school might have been able to embed algebra instruction
inside a task they cared about, causing them to want to know algebra because it would help them do something they
wanted to do. But schools generally don't think like this, so the conclusion drawn by many students is mat since so
much is irrelevant, they might as well tune it out. These students learn to get by as well as they can, separating
themselves from other kids who are willing to play the game.
73. Computers and human life
Some people say that computers have made life easier and more convenient. Other people say that computers have made life more complex and stressful. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and
examples to support your answer.
『分析』
观点是：计算机带来了方便的同时也造成了很多的麻烦。尽管如此，计算机的发明仍然是伟大的进步。
计算机带来的方便，数不胜数(beyond count; countless; too numerous to count)
计算机带来的麻烦，比如：千年虫(Y2K)问题；电子游戏的负面作用；网络即时聊天系统(instant message
programs such as ICQ, MSN messenger, Yahoo paper etc.)
『范文』
For every individual who praises the advent of the computer age there seems to be a computer phobic person.
Truly, many people are having a difficult time warning up to this machine and its ubiquity. The computer appears
to have made life more complex because it can be difficult to understand and it has quickened our pace of life and
thus caused stress, but once people learn how to use it they will be able to appreciate the conveniences it has to
offer.
Many people, especially older generations, are not familiar with computers and therefore uncomfortable with
them. They find the machine's workings too complex and difficult to understand. Even the terminology seems like
a completely different language, because twenty years ago nobody knew what words like software, hardware, or
network connection meant. When people heard the word mouse they thought of a rodent. This has changed today,
and few teenagers would make the same mistake as their grandparents.
It is also true that computers have quickened the pace of life by allowing us to communicate and do business
more efficiently, and this can certainly result in stress. After all, time saved is usually spent on accomplishing
more tasks, and thus personal and professional schedules have become more crowded. The stress factor increases
yet again when the technology on which we rely breaks down. Few people understand their computers well enough
to fix them, and as entire companies depend on this technology to handle all of their business needs, a single broken
computer can wreck a lot of havoc.
Nevertheless, computers and the Internet have become an integral part of everyday life. Computers are here
to stay, because they facilitate many of our everyday processes and we have already grown dependent on them.
Today computer owners use their machines not only to communicate and do business but also for entertainment.
As people learn more about computers they will become more comfortable with them, and technological progress
will fix many of the small annoyances that cause stress to their owners.
74. Is traveling in a group led by a tour guide the best way to travel?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to travel is in a group led by a tour
guide. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
不能同意这个观点。有绝对修饰词the best。罗列两三个除了用导游之外的旅游方法：独自旅游；与同事、
朋友相伴等等。不同的情况下，有不同的选择。
『范文』
Those lucky enough to travel, particularly those fortunate enough to visit foreign countries, face the decision
of traveling in a group with an experienced tour guide or traveling by themselves. The choice is a difficult one as
both ways of travel have advantages. Personally, I believe that, although traveling in a group with a tour guide is
obviously convenient, the benefits are often not significant enough and in many ways traveling in this kind of way
can limit one's travel experience.
The conveniences of group travel with a tour guide include the fact that one easily meets other people and thus
has a more enjoyable and comfortable travel experience. This is particularly important when traveling in a foreign
country where a language barrier prevents interaction with the locals and isolation can become a problem. The tour
guide is often experienced in generating a jovial atmosphere within the group, and his/her knowledge of the
foreign culture and places of interest provide travelers with a greater appreciation of their trip. Also, and maybe
most importantly, when traveling with a guide the individual traveler normally does not have to worry about hotel
reservations and transportation. Those aspects are taken care of.
On the other hand, convenience might not be important to a traveler, and traveling alone allows far more
personal freedoms. For example, one can easily make changes to the travel itinerary. The traveler can choose to
stay in certain places or move on more quickly than otherwise possible, because he does not follow a set schedule.
Learning about culture and places of interest is also easy as that information is readily available in books.
Furthermore, travelers tend to congregate, and it is very easy to meet fellow vacationers who might have
insightful tips as far as where to go and what to do. Generally, basic command of the English language suffices to
have such informative exchanges with other travelers and locals, who are often eager to share their customs and
culture.
Therefore, traveling outside a large tour group can result in a richer and more genuine experience, and I
believe this experience to be more exciting to me.
75. Should students be required to take classes in many subjects or to
specialize in one subject?
Some universities require students to take classes in many subjects. Other universities require students
to specialize in one subject. Which is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
很难说哪一个比另外一个更好。It's hard to say one is better than the other.
学习范围过于广泛(extensive)可能会导致深度不够(superficial interpretation)
学习范围过于狭窄(limited)可能会导致无知(educated ignorance)
所以，学习应该既保证广度，也要保证深度。事实上，学科之间总是存在着某种这样那样的联系。比
如物理学和哲学就两个一定程度上相辅相成(be inseparably interconnected)。折衷的方法是，学校开
设很多的选修课。要求学生在学好本专业课程的同时，尽量多地了解其他领域。 『范文』
Universities that require their students to take classes in many subjects offer a very different educational
experience from the universities that encourage specialization. As higher education becomes a more accessible
commodity students will be able to choose between these two different forms of instruction. The answer to the
question of which system is better depends on the student's interests and the goals of their studies. Students who complete a degree at a university which requires them to take classes in many different subjects
will receive a well rounded education. Here they will be able to develop their knowledge in different areas, and
they will also have the opportunity to find out what their interests really are as they will be exposed to a variety of
fields of study. Therefore, this kind of university is ideal for students who have many interests or don't know what
their interests are. Also, students who have an interest in education and consider the possibility of graduate school
will be able to gain a broader knowledge base before specializing later on in their academic careers. They will be
able to pursue education for education's sake and not just to learn a trade. When they try to find work after
graduation their versatility will allow them to apply for a wide range of jobs.
On the other hand, students who specialize will have a great advantage over students who don't when it
comes to finding a job in their specific field of study. Naturally, companies will be most interested in job
applicants who have superior knowledge and can thus make the greatest contributions. At the
same time, the
specialization system allows students to focus on their interests and the subjects relevant to them. Students majoring
in physics or chemistry would feel very out of place in a course on ancient poetry or Western literature. They might
consider it a waste of their time and energy. This might then have a negative effect on their educational progress in
general.
76. Should children begin learning a foreign language as soon as they start
school?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should begin learning a foreign language as soon as they start school. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position. 『分析』
这是一个有争议的话题。不同意这个观点可能更好写一些。
尽管从表面上来看儿童却是在学习语言方面有天赋，但是学习母语是一回事儿，而学习外语是完全另
外一回事。
外语不是单词、句型那么简单(Learning English involves much more than merely memorizing vocabulary
and grammar rules)。语言是表达思想的，某种程度上学习外语，超出了儿童的能力范围——尤其是
对刚刚上学，甚至不知道学习为何物的儿童。极端的例子是河北省有一对夫妇(都是大学教师)，孩
子才6岁，父亲教他英文，母亲教他日文，结果孩子出现了失语症(失语者 aphasic; 失语症 aphasia)。
『范文』
More and more international corporations build their business in my country, China. At the same time, more
parents tell their children that English is one of necessities to be successful in the future. Students work so hard to
master English that English learning related publications have always been on the top of the best-seller list.
It seems clear that one will be better off if he/she is a bilingual, and if the second language is English, even
better! However, learning a foreign language must have been painful, since people are
continuously creating all
sorts of methods and suggestions on how to learn it more easily, more quickly, and more efficiently. Some people
propose that children should begin learning English as soon as they start school. But would it really work? Hardly.
It seems true that children have natural amazing ability to develop their language skills. Statistic figures show
that a 6-year-old boy can virtually memorize nearly as many as 150 words a day! But things become different
when the child is learning a foreign language. When children are learning their mother tongue, they are not alone,
and they are learning with numerous handy aids around. Parents, friends, and all the people around them are talking
the same language, without any grammar error and nearly uniform intonation and pronunciation. However, when
they are learning a foreign language, all of those natural aids disappeared. And words become really foreign and
abstract after they leave classes. And even worse, their teacher might have a bad accent or even wrong
pronunciation. Some may adduce children in Luxembourg as evidence, but the point is that almost all parents in
that place are trilingual!
Learning a foreign language well involves much more than merely memorizing handful vocabulary or
several grammar rules. If a girl is able to say hello in a standard American accent, does that really mean she has
learned a second language well, or she will go so far as to be a linguist? In fact, learning a foreign language in
some sense is beyond the capacity of children, especially as little as first grade pupil, for language is used to
express thoughts and ideas, both of which are naturally cultural and historical, and are sometimes too complex for
children to comprehend. After all, learning earlier doesn't automatically guarantee learning quicker or better.
77. Should boys and girls attend separate schools?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Boys and girls should attend separate schools.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
参见：范文
『范文』
In my country, China, many people in a sense live in a ridiculous culture where young boys and girls should
never say "love" to each other. Moreover, it is absolutely a shame that such affairs happen in campus. To avoid
alleged shame or danger of it, some people assert that boys and girls should attend separate schools.
The point is, is there anything wrong when a little boy says "I love you" to a little girl? Gone are the days when
"love" was a forbidden word in our culture, it has now, nevertheless, actually quite different connotations from that
of the word in western society. It can be seen that people in Hollywood movies often say "I love you" to almost
everyone naturally, readily and easily, including friends, family members, partners in work, even
an unknown taxi
driver! But in China, not surprisingly, many people have never said "I love you" to their parents, even seldom to
their mates or children. "Love", in Chinese word, does in fact carry subtle connotations related to immoral affairs.
It seems not a problem of is there anything wrong, but one of there must be something wrong if a teenager dares
to say anything about "love!"
Even if there must be something wrong when a teenager falls into love, is it something so appalling even evil
that adults have to take action to prevent or even fight? Did we ever discover any prudent evidence which clearly
prove it is really something bad? Hardly. It is in fact quite natural that a little boy admire a beautiful girl or a little
girl feels a smart boy appealing. And such emotions do not harm anything. Alleged "puppy love" simply is a
nonsense concept invented by ignorance. Girls and boys actually do not even know what love is! Perhaps they
merely imitate behaviors of adults around them. What we adults should do is not to make them believe "love" is
evil, but to teach them what true love really means. Regrettably, those adults never realize that they actually fail to
assume their responsibility, but presumptuously believe they are capable of eliminating Jove among boys and girls
by separating them into different school. It will never work.
Separate school once was one of evil signs of discrimination of women, but today reemerges to prevent "love
affairs" among teenagers—a high school in Beijing recently announced that it has already separated girls from boys
into different classes. I can hardly imagine any benefit that such a scheme could produce except for further
distortions of teenagers' natures.
78. Work with a group of people or work independently?
Is it more important to be able to work with a group of people on a team or to work independently? Use
reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
『分析』
两种能力都重要。
分别陈述两种能力的重要性。
针对不同的人，不同的工作环境，才会有孰重孰轻之分。
『范文』
While some people emphasize great importance of cooperation, others argue that the significance of
individual competition should not be rejected or neglected. To examine whether one is more
important than the
other, we have to look carefully into further details.
There are circumstances where the ability to work with group is much more important than that to work
independently. More often than not, in most fields, a team can achieve much more extensive scope than an
individual can, because one has less strength than many have. In team-played sports, such as football, basketball,
volleyball, etc. , teamwork is often highly valued and is of essence. To get a goal or make a point, team members
have to cooperate with each other, nobody could achieve without others’ help. Although individual competence is
a must, too much accent on his personal ability will lead him even the whole team to a disaster. On the other hand, there also are inverse circumstances. In vital decision-making, for example, one has to
make a final choice with his/her own judgment. Let's consider the same situation mentioned above, on the very
same sports ground, each opposite team has only one and should have only one coach, who must work
independently to make important decisions, including which player should be replaced, which player should
present on what kind of special circumstances, and so many other critical choices. The coach, like the commander in
the war, stands on a position where he/she has to be competitive, and his/her only rival is the coach of the other
side. Even if he/she at the same time has to consult with others, it is him/her who takes the final step, and he/she
essentially has no choice but to have an excellent ability to work independently.
There seldom exists a circumstance where cooperation and competition do not coexist. The point is that
emphasis on cooperation doesn't mean competition should be neglected or rejected, and vice versa. Therefore, it
hasn't gone too far to say that both the ability of working with group and that of working independently are
equally important.
79. Whom in your country would you choose to build a statue for?
Your city has decided to build a statue or monument to honor a famous person in your country. Who
would you choose? Use reasons and specific examples to support your choice.
『分析』
选一个名人，最好是历史上的名人，这样好写。
纪念意义
历史意义
教育意义
这篇作文，稍作改动，即可应对[176]
『范文』
If my city has decided to build a statue to honor a famous person in my country, I would choose a late singer,
Teresa Teng. She was born in 1950s, and died of a severe asthma attack at age 41 in May 1995 while holidaying in
Chiang Mai, Thailand, triggering an outpouring of grief among her legions of fans in Asia and elsewhere. During
her brilliant stage career, favored by fans all over Asia, she moved millions of people. Her famous songs include
"sweet", "story of small town", and "the moon represents my heart", etc.
It was said that it was her who introduced several generations in China to a certain field of popular music.
Her songs have accompanied the growth and development of many people in China. In the home of these
generations' soul, her sweet voice has become immortal beauty and memory. Although she's gone, her sound of
singing has never vanished. She is constantly commemorated; from Beijing to Taipei, Hong Kong to Singapore,
her ubiquitous fans observe her commemoration from time to time, cherishing her incredible beauty, and her voice
that sounds to come from heaven. Her sweet songs made her a legend, and are still regularly heard on radio, and
continue to have a following in Chinese communities all over the world.
She should be remembered not only because of her beauty and voice, but also because of her great charity. She
founded "Teresa Teng Foundation" during her lifetime. The purpose of the foundation is to cultivate and support
gifted artists, and at the same time the foundation includes a trust to distribute scholarship to make sure that art
students have opportunities to accomplish what they actually can. Every year, The Teresa Teng Foundation also
send a great amount of money as a charity to help homeless children. And these activities are supported by her fans
all over the world.
80. A custom from your country that you would like people from other countries
to adopt
Describe a custom from your country that you would like people from other countries to adopt. Explain
your choice, using specific reasons and examples.
『分析』
随便找一个。比如外国人来到中国，最好习惯一件事情，付账的时候不要go Dutch，很讨厌。 『范文』
My favorite custom from Chinese culture that I wish that other countries would adopt is "Respect
the Old,
Love the Young." These two ideas have been part of traditional Chinese culture for thousands of years, but they
are more important than ever in contemporary Chinese culture. If adopted by Western countries, these two
traditional attitudes could help them solve some of their social problems.
One major problem in many Western countries is what to do with old people when they can no longer take care
of themselves. A Chinese family will often have three generations of one family living under the same roof. They
love and respect the older generation, and consider them wise. Western people believe that living with one's own
parents is inconvenient and embarrassing. Instead of respecting old people, some think that they are stupid and ugly.
When Western families' parents get old, they would rather send them into nursing homes and retirement homes
than live together with them. Only old and sick people live in these places and they are considered depressing, in
the worst cases they might seem like a prison to their inhabitants. Old people in the West would be much happier
if they adopted these traditional Chinese attitudes.
Juvenile delinquency is another serious social problem in Western cultures. Its causes can also be traced back
to a lack of respect for old people and love for young people. Children are not taught to respect the wishes of their
parents and instead value their relationships with their friends more. Because in many Western families both parents
have jobs outside of the home, children often lack adequate supervision. Chinese families, by contrast, often have at
least one parent, or a grandparent at home to take care of and love the children. Children without proper guidance
and love from a young age might start to smoke, drink, use drugs, and commit crimes. This occurs much less
frequently in China because people pay more attention to their children and have the children's grandparents nearby
to help raise them.
The West puts the "Individual" before the "Family". Traditional Chinese culture puts the interests of the Family
first, and the Individual second. Chinese mothers and fathers place higher value on their child's development, than
on their child's independence. Children place a higher value on then-parents' happiness than on their own
convenience. While there are many excellent lessons that Chinese people can learn from the West, Western people
would do well to learn from these essential Chinese traditions.
81. Has technology made the world a better place to live?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology has made the world a better place to
live. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
参见：[29]
『范文』
Technology is a tool for humanity. As such it merely supports human actions, good and bad, and does not
contribute in and of itself to the progression of the world. Nevertheless, while people have utilized technology to
improve their living conditions and also as a means to control and harm others, I believe that technology has allowed
and will continue to allow mankind to solve our most serious problems and thus make the world a better place to
live.
Technology has aided us in the fight against the two most serious threats to human life, hunger and disease.
With the help of technology we have been able to save millions of lives by developing
vaccinations, cures, and
treatments for diseases that used to be considered fatal. Similarly, technology has figured prominently in the area
of food production and may one day allow us to stamp out hunger all over the world. The development of
telecommunication and information technologies has encouraged communication between countries and their
peoples and thus prevented political conflict.
Of course, technology has also helped mankind to become more destructive and exploitative. The ever-growing arms industry has been able to build bigger bombs and more efficient killing machines. As a result,
armed conflicts have become more and more devastating and cost more human lives than ever before. In addition,
governments have used technology to limit information and suppress opposition, and businesses continue to use it
to maximize profits by replacing workers with machines. None of these practices can be considered beneficial to
humanity.
However, while the development of technology might have contributed to some of these contemporary
problems, it offers the most likely solutions to many of them. People in many parts of the world still die of
starvation, and further developments in food science will hopefully end this unfortunate situation. Also, the global
energy shortage presents a problem only technology can solve, and the further development of
existing
technology is necessary to reduce and stop environmental pollution and degradation.
82. Can advertising tell you a lot about a country?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Advertising can tell you a lot about a country.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
同意这个观点更容易写一些。陈述立场后，说明广告是怎样反映一个国家的历史、文化、以及其他情况的。
通过比较来说明更容易写一些，比如：
中国，与10年前相比，广告中的女性数量变多了，暴露的程度也提高了。说明人们的观念，以及社会
的观念发生了变化。
中国与欧美国家相比，中国广告中药物广告数量特别多。说明这方面的法制还有待改善。 相关题目：[183]
『范文』
Advertising does not mean to educate or illustrate. Primarily it is a vehicle for business and it aims to sell
products. As a result, the information we can gather from looking at advertisings is quite limited. However, the
cultural ideas used to sell commodities reveal a society's value system, and from the nature of the advertising and
the product it aims to sell we can draw conclusions as to which social demography might be the most affluent.
In order to be most effective an advertising campaign will make use of the cultural values of a country.
Obviously, companies will be able to sell more products if a great many people relate to the goods and the images
used to sell them. For example, in a country like the United States where a great percentage of the population is
religious, advertisers use expressions such as heavenly, divine, or revelation, because these have connotations that
prospective customers will likely identify with. Similarly, advertisers will try to employ fashion models who
embody a culture's ideals of personal beauty, because attractive men and women will sell more products than
unattractive ones.
Companies identify social demographics or parts of society that are most likely to buy their products and
design their advertisings accordingly. For example, teenage girls are more likely to buy mobile phones than
retired factory workers. Thus companies will make use of fashion trends in their ads and probably pay a famous
pop singer a big chunk of money to endorse their product. If the majority of all advertisings in a
country are geared
towards a specific target market or audience, then this part of the population probably has the most financial
resources at their disposal.
Although we can learn some things about a country by looking at its advertising we have to remember that
this knowledge is limited. After all, advertising is only directed at people who have the means to buy consumer
goods. Thus advertising does not tell us anything about the overall prosperity or likes and dislikes of a country.
Also, advertising not only reflects but also tries to shape and change cultural values. Therefore, it does not
accurately reflect the exact state of a country's culture.
83. Is modern technology creating a single world culture?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Modern technology is creating a single world
culture. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
立场：不同意。
确实技术的进步使得各个文化之间的差异减少了。(可以举出很多例子)
但是有一些文化差异是不会改变的。(也可以举出很多例子)
结论：技术将使文化间的差异变少，却不可能形成一个single world culture。
『范文』
Through modern technology such as TV, telephone, and the Internet, it has become easier for people from
different cultures to communicate. In a sense the world has become a smaller place. However, it is questionable if
technology is creating a single world culture, because, even though a cultural exchange is taking place, accessibility
of this technology is still very limited, and, more importantly, people have come to value the differences inherent in
their cultures.
People around the world are taking advantage of the opportunities, presented by modern technology, to learn
about other cultures. Not only foreign movies, music, and books communicate with the locals, but the different
cultural values do, which are readily available on DVD, CD and via the Internet. Similarly, TV broadcasts fashions
across the world and a new style of dress will likely catch on quickly in different parts of the globe. People adopt
foreign things they like and make them their own. In this sense cultural assimilation is taking place.
However, while some societies and their cultures are technologically advanced and thus connected with other
parts of the world, the majority of the world's population lives largely isolated. Such isolation is the result of limited
technological resources, which in turn is, generally, related to poverty. For example, nearly the entire continent of
Africa is impoverished. Its people have few means to learn about other cultures, and even if they did they would
have little use for Western culture, which to a great extent is a consumer culture. They are also extremely limited
in the ways they can educate people from other parts of the world about their cultures.
Finally, people who are learning about foreign cultures generally come to appreciate and accept the
differences between other cultures and their own. They recognize the value of variety. The enjoyment they derive
from experiencing foreign languages, dances, songs, visual and culinary arts, also allows them to see the value in
their own cultures' achievements. Therefore, cultural exchange does not necessarily result in the melting of many
cultures into one.
84. Internet information: valuable or problematic?
Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information. Others think access
to so much information creates problems. Which view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and
examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
不要急于选择，先进行比较。
Internet带来的好处：更多的信息。更多的交流。Internet一定程度上提升了言论自由，进而导致社会发
生变化。
Internet带来的坏处：大量的信息是uneditted的，可信度无保障(less reliable)；大量的有害内容，比如色
情网站；大量的游戏网站导致孩子们浪费大量时间。
Internet在技术上是进步。尽管internet也带来了一些不好的影响，但是我们不应该拒绝进步。 相关题目：[29]、[37]
『范文』
The Internet is a great invention be cause it disseminates information freely. Freedom of information is in the
interest of a country and its citizens, but, in light of the information anarchy on the Internet, people need to learn
and understand how to evaluate and use the information they find at their fingertips.
The Internet promotes freedom of information and freedom of speech, which are integral part of a successful
modern democratic society. With innumerable news sources at their disposal citizens have the opportunity to educate
themselves, and this knowledge will allow them to contribute to the progression of their society. Similarly, the
ability to consult different viewpoints, especially those diverging from their own, will allow people engage in
meaningful dialogue with other citizens. The result of this continued discourse will be a more open minded and
also tolerant society. As a vehicle of communication the Internet will connect people of the same interests and the
same concerns. Thus connected citizens will be encouraged to work together and they will become active
participants of society rather than passive subjects.
Critics of the Internet's free flow of information are concerned that people will fall victim to bad or rather
incorrect information and act on it. This concern is warranted in so far that the Internet is intrinsically anarchic, and
anybody with a computer can create Website and post information thereon. As a result, it can be very difficult to
determine what information is correct or reliable and which is not. However, difficult as it may seem, there are
ways that one can navigate the information jungle of the Internet and arrive at conclusions. In order to do so one
has to learn to valuate sources of information. For example, the Website of a research scientist at a major
university or that of a well-known non-profit organization is a more reliable source of information than the personal
Website of a senior school student.
85. Where would you recommend a foreign visitor to go in your country for one
day?
A foreign visitor has only one day to spend in your country. Where should this visitor go on that day?
Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.
『分析』
去参观博物馆。
参见：[12]
『范文』
China is an enormous country with an intensely varied landscape. If a foreign visitor were coming for just
one day to see our country, it would be difficult to choose just one place to spend the day. However, I posit that
the best place in China to visit would be Beijing. As the capital city, Beijing offers a diverse look at China. I
would suggest that the main sites to see would be the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, and Tiananmen Square.
The Forbidden City offers the visitor a look at what it was like to live in historical China. The
Forbidden City
is located in the heart of Beijing, and is the biggest palace complex in the world. This particular site would be of
interest to a tourist because it was once the home of many emperors. One can see the actual rooms from whence the
ancient China was ruled by the emperors. When the visitor walks through the palace confines, he/she will see
many examples of classic Chinese architecture. A walk through the gardens is particularly peaceful with jasmine
trees abound.
The Great Wall is also a must-see in China. The people of China hold the Great Wall as having particular
significance to their culture because of its long history. The wall, built of dirt, stone and brick, was used as a
defense barrier against invading nomads and wandering tribes. This is the largest engineering and building
project ever carried out by humans. Its historic and strategic importance is matched only by its architectural
significance.
Finally, Tiananmen Square should be on the list of things to see while visiting Beijing. This square is one of
the largest in China, and possibly in Asia. At this square, one can visit the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, one of
the greatest leaders ever in China. The Chinese Revolutionary Museum and the Chinese History Museum stand
to the east of the square, the Great Hall of the People to the west and the magnificent Tiananmen Tower to the
north. As the visitor will see, there are numerous interesting exhibits at Tiananmen Square that offer up a variety
of Chinese heritage.
Of course, it is very difficult to name one city in China over all others as "the place" to visit. China is the
host to such a wide variety of beautiful places, and a visitor really should spend much more time exploring them
all. However, with only one day, I believe that Beijing is the best place to visit.
86. When and where in the past do you want to go?
If you could go back to some time and place in the past, when and where would you go? Why? Use
specific reasons and details to support your choice.
『分析』
写一个历史上著名的艺人(卓别林、梦露、莎士比亚、肯尼迪)，问他几个问题。这样，[86]、
[89]、[90]、
[91]这四道题，用一篇作文就可以了。
『范文』
If I could go back to a certain time and place in the past, I would choose to go to ancient Egypt, to the time
when they were building the great pyramids. This time period and place is greatly interesting to me for the
following reasons: first, how were the great pyramids built? Second, Egypt is one of the few places in the world
that has as rich a culture as China's. How did ancient life in Egypt compare to the existence of the ancient Chinese
person? Finally, I find this time and place interesting because I am curious about the myths and legends that
ancient Egyptians believed in.
There is much speculation as to exactly how the great pyramids were built. The pyramids are an architectural
feat, even by today's standards. They are massive in size, with almost perfect angles leading up to the point at the top
of the pyramid. How did the men manage to carry those enormous stones up the side of the pyramid? How was it
possible to cut the stones so precisely, to allow for this even, mathematical design? Current science has analyzed
these problems, and has decided that with today's technology, this would not be a problem. I am very interested,
however, to learn how such technology was possible in ancient Egypt.
I am also very interested in how ancient Egyptian life compared to that of the ancient Chinese. Did they
experience similar toils, or were their lives very different? Did the ancient Egyptians know about the ancient Chinese?
All of these questions would be answered for me if I could travel back to the above-mentioned time period.
China has some very interesting myths, legends and religions that were formed thousands of years ago.
Ancient Egyptians were spiritual people also. I am curious to know more about these ancient religions. Were the
beliefs held by the majority, or were there only a few who believed in such ideas?
There are so many unanswered questions about ancient periods, particularly ancient Egypt. By traveling back
in time, I would learn a great amount about topics that have remained unanswered for thousands of years.
87. What discovery in the last century has been most beneficial for your
compatriot?
What discovery in the last 100 years has been most beneficial for people in your country? Use specific
reasons and examples to support your choice.
『分析』
这是一道比较自由的题目，可以随意发挥。比如：发现很多油田（经济意义、政治意义、社
会意义）；发
现必须改革开放(reform and open; reform and open to the outside world; reform and open up; reform and
openness◇改革开放政策 the policy of reformation and opening)；发现计划经济(planned economy)体制
(planning system)有问题；等等
『范文』
In the last hundred years man has set a new mind-blowing rate for the development of new technologies. New
products are being conceived every minute of every day, all of which will impact man in some respect. However I
believe that the most beneficial invention, over the last hundred years is the Internet.
Internet allows us to access any information our hearts desire. With the power of the World Wide Web, one
can receive information from any country in the world allowing individuals the ability to locate and acquire
anything imaginable. Locally, computers via the Internet allow us to search out a variety of services that are
necessary for day to day living. This can make living in one of China's many big cities a much more comfortable
experience.
From net games to online chatting to viewing movies or Websites, Internet has the ability to entertain us in a
wide variety of ways. For example, many people join forums where they can chat with their peers about any
variety of topics. Many movie trailers are first released on the Internet where enthusiastic fans can be the first to
catch a glimpse of the latest and greatest blockbusters. Computers also bring us the world of instant messaging,
allowing people with a computer and an Internet connection to chat for free with their friends and colleagues
anywhere in the world.
Internet has changed the very way businesses operate, bringing efficiency and convenience to the work place.
The most obvious development is the use of emails instead of surface mail. Emails allow businesses to
communicate large amounts of information almost instantly, saving time, paper and postage fees. Instead of
making long distance telephone calls, some businesses have started using Web conferencing. Web conferencing
not only eliminates long distance fees, but also allows two parties to see each other in real time and simultaneously
work on projects through program sharing.
88. Have telephone and e-mail made communication between people less
personal?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Telephones and email have made
communication between people less personal. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
参见：[8]
『范文』
Some people argue that telephones and e-mail have made communication between people less personal. I
both agree and disagree with this statement. Truly, Telephones and email are less personal than meeting someone
face-to-face. However, They on any account can't impair the intimacy between people.
As mentioned above, using the telephone or email to communicate with others is definitely less personal than
speaking with someone in person. There are many advantages of communicating with someone face to face. For
example, you can read their body language. Body language, which includes facial expressions, is a key indicator
of how a person is reacting to the conversation. If we are not present to be able to see these clues, there is much
more room for misinterpretation. This can cause annoying misunderstandings between people, especially when
having a serious discussion about an important matter.
This, however, does not mean that communication is less personal between people because of these
technologies. I believe that when people need to have a serious conversation, they will use the telephone or email to
set up a meeting time to discuss a topic in person. For the most part, individuals will not have an important
conversation utilizing one of these methods. When viewed from this perspective, it becomes clear that the
telephone and email actually enhance our ability to communicate effectively with others. Because of these
technologies, we can easily access others when necessary.
In conclusion, I think that if a person is going to solely use the telephone or email as his primary method of
communication, his communication with others will definitely be less personal. However, if the person uses these
technologies to contact others, but saves important conversations for face-to-face meetings, there is no loss of
connection.
89. What famous person from history would you like to meet?
If you could travel back in time to meet a famous person from history, what person would you like to
meet? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
参见：[86]
『范文』
Throughout history, there have been thousands and thousands of inventors, prophets and visionaries who
have dramatically affected the way we live today. If I could meet one of these people, I would choose to meet
Tomas Edison, one of the greatest inventors that I respect.
This great man invented thousands of useful products that we still use today, the most famous of which is the
electric light bulb. In addition to the light bulb, Edison created the phonograph, the storage batteries, telegraph
systems, and a wide variety of other products. To have invented such a diverse range of items, Tomas must have
been a brilliant man. I would greatly enjoy meeting him and discussing some of his ideas with him. I am sure that
such a meeting would be a great inspiration, and perhaps lead me to create new inventions of my own.
One of Tomas Edison's projects was a working version of the electric car. If he had continued to work on this
invention instead of moving on to something new, and if the project was successful, perhaps the world would not
have the pollution problems that are so widely present today. It is unfortunate that he did not focus more on this
invention. If I could meet him, perhaps I could convince him, that for the sake of future generations, he should not
give up on his idea.
Furthermore, what makes me believe that Tomas Edison would be an excellent person to meet from history is
because I would love to find out what the keys to his inspirations were. He had so many brilliant ideas; there must
have been a secret to his success that I'm dying to know. Perhaps it was just that he was such a hardworking man.
He was constantly working on inventions until his late 60's, when finally, he took a rest from inventions. Tomas
Edison had a profound effect on all modern societies around the world. His inventions were a catalyst to
modernization; in fact, the world would not be where it is today if it were not for this great man and his great mind.
90. What famous entertainer or athlete would you like to meet?
If you could meet a famous entertainer or athlete, who would that be, and why? Use specific reasons
and examples to support your choice.
参见：[86]
『范文』
Famous entertainers and athletes have a vast amount of influence over there. It is up to the entertainer to
choose how they wield their power over the general public; some try their best to set a good example, while others
exhibit depravity and malevolent behavior. Yao Ming, the famous basketball star, is an excellent example of the
type of star who tries at time to look after his fans. If I could meet one famous athlete, I would choose to meet Yao
Ming.
Yao Ming is very young to be a member of the esteemed National Basketball Association in North America.
In his rookie year he has surpassed all expectations of those knowledgeable with the sport. His skill is attested to by
the vast number of people interested in his abilities; in fact his popularity is so great that he has replaced O'Neal as
starting center in the American All Star Game, which is no small feat. Yao Ming was also the number one rookie
pick last year in the NBA. It would be inspiring to meet someone with such great abilities. He must have worked
on his talent from a very young age to achieve such greatness.
Another reason why I would love to meet this great man is because he is an excellent ambassador for China.
Yao Ming epitomizes Chinese spirit of hard working to achieve greatness. He in a sense brings China to the world.
Although China has become an increasingly important part of international culture, our fair country is still
relatively unknown to a large portion of the North American population. Yao Ming has titillated the interest of
millions of young people around the world, with the unavoidable effect of bringing a focus to China and Chinese
culture.
Finally, why I would like to meet Yao Ming is because he is a genuinely kind person. In spite of his fame and
notoriety, in interviews you can see that he has remained a gracious and humble person. As an example of his
kindness one must only look at his recent efforts in China to help raise money for SARS research. Therefore, I
think that Yao Ming would be an excellent role model for all young people today, both in China and the rest of the
world. He is a hard working, dedicated man, with a strong, noble character.
91. If you could ask a famous person one question, what would you ask?
If you could ask a famous person one question, what would you ask? Why? Use specific reasons and
details to support your answer.
参见：[86]
『范文』
In today's society, there is a great amount of pressure on famous people. They must constantly be aware of
their appearance, and how they will look in the public's eyes. If I had to pick one question to ask a famous person,
I would ask them if they are glad that they achieved fame. I think this question is very interesting because it gives
insight into what it would be like to be famous, it tells us about the individual's personality, and it would give the
famous people a chance to explain what their life would have been like if they had never been famous.
By asking the above-mentioned question, the famous person would reflect on whether or not they enjoyed
their fame. If the person answered that he/she would rather not be famous, it implies that the life of a famous
person is not as wonderful as many people expect it would be. However, if the answer was positive, it shows that
despite all the negative aspects that come with fame, it is still worth the trouble.
When answering this question, the famous person would give us insight into his/her personality. Perhaps the
person would rather be more introverted, and therefore, does not appreciate all of the constant attention. On the
other hand, it is possible that the person thrives in admiration and attention, and would not have it any other way.
Is the famous person the type of people who does not like having to worry about everything he/she says? Do these
types of issues bother him/her? I would find all of this information very interesting.
Finally, when answering this question, the person would have to reflect on what his/her life would have been
like if he/she had never been famous. Perhaps there were dreams or aspirations that he/she never got to realize
because he/she is now constantly in the public eye. Would life as a regular person have been more enjoyable? By
asking the above-mentioned question, all of these queries would be answered.
92. Living in places that have the same weather all year long, or in areas where
the weather changes several times a year?
Some people prefer to live in places that have the same weather or climate all year long. Others like to
live in areas where the weather changes several times a year. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
『分析』
随便选择哪一个都无所谓，之后罗列三个好处。
比如，作为出生在北方的人，到了一年四季天气差不多的广州才发现，原来没有四季变化有
很大的经济意
义：一年两套衣服足矣，不像在北方，四季分明，总是花很多钱去买换季的衣服(change dress proper for the
season)。
再比如，四季分明，就多了很多自然景观。有很多南方人一辈子都没有亲眼见到(witness; with one's own eyes)
过雪。
『范文』
Because China is such a vast country, the weather and climate changes dramatically from one part of the
country to another. Some parts have a mild, warm temperature all year long, whereas other regions of the country
have weather patterns that shift dramatically from hot to cold over the year.
Given the choice to live in one type of climate or the other, I would choose to live in a region where the
weather is constantly changing throughout the year. The reasons for this are varied. First, I enjoy the different
seasons. Second, I take pleasure in many different sports, some of which require warm weather, and others require
the cold. Finally, I enjoy living in a region with constantly changing weather because I think that change is good
for one's health.
As mentioned above, one aspect I love about living in a region with changing climates is the shift in seasons.
I really enjoy walking through a city and being able to see the trees turn from bright green in the summer, to brown
in the fall, to bare in the winter, and then come back to life again in the spring. I find the process of nature very
beautiful, and appreciate living in a city where I can observe these changes.
In addition to enjoying the seasons, I also get pleasure from playing a wide variety of sports. Some of these
sports require summer weather, like swimming, but others require winter weather, like skiing or ice-skating. By
living in a region with extreme changes in seasons, I am able to enjoy all of my favorite activities. Finally, I enjoy living in an area with changing temperatures because I believe that the extreme temperatures are
good for one's health. By allowing one's body to adjust to the extremes, one builds their immune system and is
healthier overall.
Overall, I find that living in a changing environment is more interesting than living in one where the climate
is always constant. I find that if I am sick of the cold in the winter, I can always take a short plane ride to
somewhere that is warmer.
93. What makes a good roommate?
Many students have to live with roommates while going to school or university. What are some of the
important qualities of a good roommate? Use specific reasons and examples to explain why these qualities are important.
参见：[15]
『范文』
While studying at university, many students find that sharing an apartment with roommates is the best living
situation available. These arrangements can work out quite well, as long as one chooses the right roommate. There
are a number of important qualities that one should look for in a potential roommate. These qualities include
friendliness, cleanliness, and a good work ethic.
Choosing a friendly roommate is very important if one wants to create a healthy living environment. If one's
roommate is unfriendly, many annoying situations can occur. For example, if one's roommate is unfriendly, it is
difficult to hold a conversation with him/her. Being able to have a pleasant conversation is vital, as everyone needs
to have a short break from studying from time to time. Conversations can help us to relax a little bit, and can even
be a stimulus to continue our work.
Page 95 of 201
Having a clean roommate is also very important. If one's roommate is messy, it can lead to many arguments
over whose turn it is to do the cleaning. If one constantly has to clean up after his/her roommate, he/she will have
TOEFL.iBT 高分作文完美重排版Edited by Lost Lawyer
less time to concentrate on his/her studies. Also, living in a clean environment allows one to be much more
successful in all endeavors.
Finally, a roommate should have a good work ethic. If one's roommate is constantly
procrastinating and
waiting until the last minute to do assignments, it can ruin one's ability to do his/her own work. If a roommate is
always coming home late or playing music loudly instead of doing work, it will be very difficult for a studious
person to get anything done.
In conclusion, I believe that having a clean friendly roommate with a good work ethic is most enjoyable. It
allows one to get on with his/her own work, and to concentrate on what matters most: getting good grades.
94. Does dancing play an important role in a culture?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Dancing plays an important role in a culture. Use
specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
这个题目乍看起来很不好写。同意这个观点(Dancing is really important in every culture.)。可以采取it depends
的策略。舞蹈的娱乐作用(as a important mean of entertainments)也是important role in a culture，所以种文化
中都有其独特的舞蹈形式(dancing form)。
原始社会(primitive society)时，舞蹈是非常重要的。庆祝(celebration; festival)，祈祷(pray)，宗教仪式(ritual)
等等活动中，舞蹈都是最主要的组成部分(one of the most important components)。
随着社会的发展，宗教仪式(ritual)演变成了歌剧(opera)，舞蹈仍然是很重要的娱乐手段。 时间进入21世纪，各种娱乐手段开始丰富起来，舞蹈尽管已经不是主流的(main)娱乐方式，但是仍然非常
重要。今年的奥斯卡(Oscar)得主就是一个歌舞剧(musical drama)——芝加哥(Chicago). 『范文』
There are a number of qualities that have always been present in cultures, recent or ancient. These qualities
can be anything from art forms to culturally gained knowledge. These qualities make the culture unique, and allow
the culture to offer something interesting to the world. Throughout history, dancing has always played such a role
in cultures. This is because dance allows us to express emotion, preserve heritage, and entertain. Dancing has always held a high position in culture, as it is an excellent way of expressing emotion. Much
like the painter using color to convey emotion, dancers can use their body as a tool to show the onlooker their
happiness, sadness, pain, etc.
Dancing is also an excellent method of retaining and preserving culture. Many cultures have dance as part of
their ceremonies, whether the ceremony is religious or patriotic in form. For example, it is a widely practiced
norm to have people dance out a glorious moment in battle. In religion, it is common for people to dance to
appease the God or Gods. Because of this, dancing is an excellent way to maintain culture, and ensure that
important moments of the past are not forgotten.
In modern days, it is much more common for dancing to be seen as a form of entertainment. Dancing has
become somewhat of a sport in some countries, for example, ballroom dancing is very popular in the United States.
There are hundreds of bars and disco clubs all over China which focus on dancing. They provide disc jockeys, more
commonly referred to as "D.J.s", and play loud, repetitive music which encourages the young people to dance. There
are many different styles of dance, but all bring the dancer to have fun, and get a good workout at the same time.
95. Spend money exploring outer space, or for basic needs on Earth?
Some people think governments should spend as much money as possible exploring outer space (for
example, traveling to the Moon and to other planets). Other people disagree and think
governments
should spend this money for our basic needs on Earth. Which of these two opinions do you agree with?
Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
『分析』
陈述the principle of capital/resource/money allocation(参见：[11]分析)
陈述exploring outer space的重要性：国力(national power)的体现。参考例子：CNN曾有过一个专题节目
(monograph)专门讨论―美国人是否真的曾经登陆月球‖(Did American Astronauts Really Reach the
Moon.)结论是，美国政府作假(that event was a cheat)。
陈述basic needs on Earth的重要性：多举几个例子。
立场上，选择后者应该更容易写一些。
『范文』
In the last one hundred years, space exploration has become more and more common: a number of countries
have reportedly sent spaceships to the moon, there are dozens of satellites orbiting the earth, and there are massive
telescopes floating in space whose purpose is to find out what else could be out there. However, I tend to agree
that governments should spend money for basic needs.
Throughout the world, there are millions and millions of people who are homeless, and even cannot afford to
eat. These people need help from the government. If the government has so much money to spend on space
exploration, they should easily be able to have enough money to help these people gain entry to the working world.
The government could set up programs which allow homeless people to train for jobs. This would be a much better
way to spend money than exploring space.
Pollution is another major problem which plagues all of the industrial nations. Instead of spending money on
other planets, we should be focusing on how to fix the one we live on. The ozone layer is getting thinner and
thinner every year, which means that the sun's radiation is causing more damage to people and the environment.
The governments need to design a method to drastically reduce pollution, or else we might need to move to one of
those other planets they are exploring!
In addition to the problems of pollution and homelessness, the general population could use the money as
well. In many countries, including our own, the health care and education system leave so many things to be
desired. I think that more money should be put towards making citizens healthier and wiser.
In conclusion, while the study of space is fascinating, I believe that governments spend too much money
exploring the great unknown, when they should be focusing on the needs of people on earth.
96. What are the best ways of reducing stress?
People have different ways of escaping the stress and difficulties of modern life. Some read; some exercise; others work in their gardens. What do you think are the best ways of reducing stress? Use
specific details and examples in your answer.
『分析』
[169]给出了答案，选择听音乐，那么这篇作文同时可以应对[169]。
『范文』
With today's hectic schedules, it is necessary to spend some time each day to relax, and let the stress dissipate
from our bodies and minds. Most people find that the working world is quite difficult at times, and need a method
to relax. I find that the best way to relax is to read a good book, because it allows me to escape from real life, it
gives me a new perspective on the world, and reading a book is very peaceful.
I find that reading a good fiction novel is the best way to forget about my troubles during the day. Many of
the books I read have fascinating plot lines, which allow me to be absorbed into the drama and action. When you
are completely captivated with your book, nothing in the outside world seems to exist anymore. Of course, one
cannot stay in this dreamland forever, but for an hour or so a day, it is very calming.
Reading books can also have the added benefit of increasing my knowledge' and giving me a new perspective of the outside world. Even a fictional book can have this effect. When an author writes a book, it is
full of his nuances and feelings about how the world works. By reading these works, I find that I understand more
about other people, and how people think. This allows me to be more accepting of others on a daily basis, and also
stops me from building up stress in the first place.
Finally, the most important reason as to why reading a book is good for taking care of stress and relaxing, is
that it is a very peaceful activity. You do not need to go anywhere to read a book. You can stay at
home, perhaps sit
in your favorite chair, and have the house be completely quiet. Reading does not involve anything but you and
your book. Also, if there does happen to be noise around you, it is possible to block out that noise once you
become engrossed in the plot line.
97. Should teachers be paid according to how much their students learn?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should be paid according to how much
their students learn. Give specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
不能同意。乍看起来(at the first glance)很有道理。问题在于：
教育不是商品。
如何保证能够确切地衡量学生究竟学到了多少？
学生学到多少，并不是老师一个人的事情，还要看学生自身的素质(quality)；能力(capacity)等等。
如果采取了这样的方式，就会出现老师迎合(cater to/ pander to/ play up to students' taste)学生而不是引导
(guide; lead)学生，违背了教育的原则。
『范文』
People usually believe that teachers have the most important job in all of society. They raise our children to
be forward-thinking, bright individuals. They ensure that children get along with each other, and learn to work
together as a team. As such, being a teacher typically means a stable paycheck. However, when some people
propose that teachers should be paid according to how much their students learn, I can hardly agree.
First of all, students may not be interested in learning. When students are not interested in learning, the
teacher can hardly be held responsible. The teacher can grade them harshly, keep them in after class, and discipline
them severely, but the students will still not learn if they do not want to. If the teacher is trying his/her best to teach
the students, and the information is presented clearly and succinctly, he/she can do no better job. Moreover, there is a limit on how much a child can learn. If a teacher was to be paid according to how much
his/her students learned, there would be a certain point where he/she could teach them no more. I remember when I
was in high school, there would be moments in the year when I didn't think I could fit any more information into my
head. This was not my teacher's fault, and the point is that I just was not absorbing the material. I think many
teachers would find this problem if they were paid by how much their students learnt.
Most importantly, teachers should not be paid according to how much their students learn because some of
the lessons that a student learns cannot be measured by a test. We cannot simply give children a test to discover
how much they have learnt in a class. Tests rarely measure one's social skills, one's ability to communicate, or
one's ability to integrate successfully into the world. However, it is the teachers who help students to manifest
these qualities.
98. The thing representing your country
If you were asked to send one thing representing your country to an international exhibition, what would
you choose? Why? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.
『分析』
随便选一样东西，比如熊猫、瓷器。
『范文』
If I were to send one thing to an international exhibition that represented my culture, it would be rice.
Chinese culture, boasting a lengthy history, is composed of numerous sub-cultures. The agricultural way of life,
centered around rice, has played a vastly important part in the country's history.
For thousands of years, the Chinese have been diligently cultivating their land. Blood, sweat and tears have
been shed over their soil in the pursuit of favorable harvests. This reliance on the land for so many thousands of
years accounts for China's strong rural essence. The need for rice production has led the Chinese to pay particular
attention to irrigation technologies and improving cultivation. The agricultural way of life, centered on rice, has
had a strong influence on the social, economic, political and ideological developments of ancient China. In this
sense, traditional Chinese culture may be considered a "rice culture."
"A meal without rice," the Chinese say, "is like a beautiful woman with only one eye." In China, where the
word for rice is also the word for food, young girls are warned that every grain of rice they leave in their bowls will
be a pockmark on the face of their future husbands. Instead of saying, "How are you?" as a typical greeting, the
Chinese ask "Have you had your rice today?" Quitting or losing a job is called "breaking the rice bowl" and it is
bad luck to upset a bowl of rice.
Rice is also a very important commodity in today's society. It is one of the major exports in China, allowing
people all over the world to take part in something that emanates Chinese culture. Rice remains a
staple food for
both the rich and the poor, and there is hardly a meal had in our country that does not involve this fine grain.
As you can see from the above-mentioned text, rice is an integral part of Chinese culture and tradition. While
Chinese culture is spread over a vast number of arts and crafts, I believe that it is the humble, but profound rice that
speaks to us all, and most poignantly represents the essence of our culture.
99. Be assigned a roommate, or choose your own roommate?
You have been told that dormitory rooms at your university must be shared by two students. Would you
rather have the university assign a student to share a room with you, or would you rather choose your
own roommate? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.
『分析』
陈述学校分配的好处
陈述自己选择的好处
(注意，两种方法都有缺点)
选择立场。选择让学校分配吧，有更多的话说，还显得自己大度(open-minded and magnanimous)一些。
『范文』
Going to university is an exciting time in a young person's life. Part of the experience is living in the campus
dormitory, and it is the first time for person away from his/her parents, in many cases. If one has to share a room
with another student, I believe that it is better that the university picks the prospective roommate. When a young person first goes to university, he/she often moves straight to the school from his/her bedroom
at his/her parents' house. This usually means that the person has no idea of the qualities necessary to be a good
roommate. Perhaps the young person would choose to live with a good friend. While this situation could be a very
happy one, it could also be disastrous. Getting along with a friend as a roommate, if not properly handled, could
quickly ruin the relationship. If the school picks one's roommate, this is less likely to happen.
In many cases, young people travel out of the city they grew up in to go to university. For many of these
students, picking a potential roommate would be difficult. They know very few people in the new city, let alone at
the university. This can lead to very stressful situations. If one is trying to settle into a new environment, but also
must find a roommate to live with, he/she might find the whole experience overwhelming. Finally, I think having the school choose roommates rather than the individuals is a good idea because living
with a person you do not know can be a rewarding experience. A stranger can quickly turn into one's best friend, as
memories are forged while living together in a confined space.
100. Spend money on developing or buying computer technology, or on more
basic needs?
Some people think that governments should spend as much money as possible on developing or buying
computer technology. Other people disagree and think that this money should be spent on more basic
needs. Which one of these opinions do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to support your
answer.
参见：[11]、[19]、[95]
『范文』
I believe that governments spend too much money on new computer technologies, when they should be
focusing on the needs or people in their countries. There are a number of reasons why I think this would be a
better usage of a country's money.
Throughout the world, there are millions and millions of people who are homeless, and cannot afford to eat.
These people need help from the government. If the government has so much money to spend on computer
technology, they should easily be able to have enough money to help these people gain entry to the working world.
The government could set up programs which allow homeless people to train for jobs. This would be a much better
way to spend money than building computers.
Pollution is another major problem which plagues all of the industrial nations. Instead of spending money
frivolously, we should be focusing on how to fix the one we live on. The ozone layer is getting thinner and thinner
every year, which means that the sun's radiation is causing more damage to people and the environment. The
governments need to design a method to drastically reduce pollution.
In addition to the problems of pollution and homelessness, the general population could use the money as well.
In many countries, including our own, the health care and education systems leave something to be desired. I think
that more money should be put towards making citizens healthier and wiser.
With that said, many of the above disagreements need the help of the computer industry. Computers can help
governments to keep track of all of the people they need to take care of, and programs can be designed which help
isolate problems with the environment. Computers are important, as long as a government does not forget to taking
care of its people.
101. Doing work: by hand or using machines?
Some people like doing work by hand. Others prefer using machines. Which do you prefer? Use specific
reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
分情况。有些事情适合用手做，比如：
洗衣服：有些人就喜欢用手洗衣服(wash clothes)，而不用洗衣机(laundry machine)。 写字：不用电脑，而坚持用笔，基本上只有50岁以上的人才干得出来。
很多的事情只能手工去作(举例)；而另外也有很多事情只能用机器去做(举例)。还有一些事情要二者结
合才可以，比如统计工作。搜集数据(collect data)，往往更依赖人工(manual work)；数据处理(data
processing/manipulating)，最好由计算机完成。
相关题目：[140]
『范文』
Some people like doing work by hand. Others prefer to use machines. I definitely fall into the latter category. I
use a machine for almost all of the work I do. The reasons why I prefer to use machines are that most hand work is
tedious, machines are faster and more efficient, and I am more proficient with most machines. Two things that I spend a copious amount of time doing are writing and sewing. Both of these endeavors border
on pain if I do not have a computer or a sewing machine, respectively. What was once a fun task becomes very
monotonous, and no longer enjoyable. Using a machine can turn ordinary tasks into exciting ones. Using machines to do work is also much faster and more efficient than using your hands to do it. For example,
if I wrote this essay by hand, rather than using the computer, it would probably take me at least five times as long.
Hand sewing a shirt would take ten times longer than using a machine to do the same work.
Not only are machines faster and more efficient, I am much more proficient using machines than I am doing
the same work by hand. I find that when I am sewing by hand, all of my seams are very uneven and crooked.
However, when I sew on a machine, my seams are perfect. The machine helps to keep my hand in line, therefore I
can turn out a much better product. It is the same for writing essays. My handwriting is messy at times. If I had
written a paper, I cannot correct it as easily as if I had written it on the computer. My writing blurs together, and
sometimes I cannot even read what I have written down. Machines are definitely a better way for
me to work
efficiently, proficiently, and enjoyably.
102. Should schools ask students to evaluate their teachers?
Schools should ask students to evaluate their teachers. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons
and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
有保留地同意 (agree with reservations)。学生在评判教师时，
是否全部学生都可以客观评价(objective evaluation)？
是否有足够的能力(包括academic knowledge等等)去进行客观评价?
如果采取了这样的方式，就会出现老师迎合(cater to/ pander to/ play up to students' taste)学生而不是引导
(guide; lead)学生，违背了教育的原则。
保留意见/这种方式：允许学生进行评价，但是应该作为一个参考，同时要有其他的评判方式。
参见：[97]
『范文』
Teachers have a very difficult job in society. They not only have to learn how to teach material effectively, but
also must learn how to deal with a wide variety of personalities. While teaching is a difficult job, I think it is
important for schools to ask students to evaluate their teachers. I think this is the right thing to do because it
encourages teachers to try their best, it gives students the opportunity to choose effective teachers, and it allows the
schools to have the best teachers possible teaching.
If a teacher knows that at the end of the term, the students will be evaluating his/her work, then the teacher will
be driven to do a very good job. If there is no pressure from evaluation, a teacher might be prone to doing a less
than perfect job. I believe that everyone needs an occasional evaluation to ensure they are doing their job correctly.
In the case of a teacher, the students will give the most important evaluations.
If there was a public summary of which teacher scored the highest on his/her evaluations, then students would
be able to take courses based on which teacher was the best at the job. This would allow students to excel in their
studies, and achieve better grades.
Finally, if schools ask students to evaluate their teachers, the schools themselves would be able to have the
best teachers working on campus. If a teacher scored too low on an evaluation, a replacement could be found.
This is a much better method than waiting for students to complain about a teacher.
Teachers do have a difficult job, but regardless of this, they must excel at it. If a person is a
particularly poor
teacher, the students will not learn the required material, and suffer for it.
103. The most important characteristic that a person can have to be successful
in life
In your opinion, what is the most important characteristic (for example, honesty, intelligence, a sense of
humor) that a person can have to be successful in life? Use specific reasons and examples from your
experience to explain your answer. When you write your answer, you are not limited to the examples
listed in the question.
参见：[15]、[27]
『范文』
To be successful in life, one should have the characteristic of independence, that is, he/she has the ability to
think critically. By critical thinking, one is capable of analyzing insightfully, concentrating on the right target,
thereby making a wise decision.
Thinking critically can enable one to analyze problems insightfully. We live in a world where controversial
issues are often simply taken for granted. For example, most people are reluctant to think carefully about issues
like whether boys and girls should take separate classes. Recently a high school in Beijing announced that their
students from then on take separate classes. Many parents support such ridiculous decision without careful
consideration. They are poor thinkers. Critical thinking is but to ask some simple yet essential questions, which
always brings amazing sometimes appalling outcomes. Is such a scheme capable of eliminating underage sexual
behaviors among adolescents? Is such a scheme guarantee boys and girls free of negative effects? Sadly, the
decision had been made but the question left unanswered.
Thinking critically can help one concentrate on right targets. We all have only and exactly 24 hours a day, but
we often have mountainous work to do in hands, along with which many personal affairs seem equally urgent.
Concentrating on right targets is probably the only way to overcome such dilemmas. For example, ETS has
recently announced that GRE examination will be transformed back to paper based test. Grumbles are all around,
and complains are posted almost on every BBS on the Internet. But if students think critically, however, they will
find out the simple fact that even if ETS had made an awkward decision, test preparers should
concentrate on the
right target—preparing test as prudently as possible, and at the same time, grumbling never helps. Only by thinking critically can one make decisions wise and prudent. Sound decision making is essential to
success. Decisions such as which movie theater we should go tonight are simple enough to make by tossing a coin,
but decisions such as which university or which major we should choose are complicated enough so that we need
careful comparisons. A comparison sheet will help a lot, simply by listing several relevant questions such as "Am I
really interested in this major?" or "Are there more opportunities in the city where the university locates?" By
analyzing insightfully and concentrating on the right targets, wise decisions are not hard to reach at all.
104. Artists' contribution or scientists' contribution, which is more valuable?
It is generally agreed that society benefits from the work of its members. Compare the contributions of
artists to society with the contributions of scientists to society. Which type of contribution do you think is
valued more by your society? Give specific reasons to support your answer.
『分析』
不要急于选择；一定要进行比较
陈述科学家做出的贡献
陈述艺术家做出的贡献
在不同的时期(比如战争时期vs和平时期)，二者做出的贡献不同。
参见：范文
『范文』
Art and science are essentially a strange coupling. Yet more often than not, they are considered as divergent
rather than consistent with each other. The artist employs image and metaphor; the scientist uses number and
equation. By casual juxtaposition, these two fields seem to have little in common: there are few, if any, references
to art in any standard textbook of science; art historians rarely interpret an artist's work in light of the conceptual
framework of science. Despite what appear to be irreconcilable differences, however, they do have at least one
thing in common—both of them have significant contribution to the society, but through probably distinctive way.
The development of science and technology has always accompanied the progress of the society. The
invention of the steam engine brought a new era of thrift of world economy; the employment of electricity has
multiplied the productivity and virtually reproduced limited resources on the Earth; the innovation
of computer
technologies has made the Earth a little village and connected distant countries as a single market. While
sometimes the progress of science and technology, such as that of human cloning, cause troubles or originate
dilemmas, it seems always undeniable that in a broad sense, the development of science has provided people a
much higher standard of living than that of their counterparts in any phrase of the history. Visualization and fascination have been the major power of any form of art. For example, any' religion in this
world cannot exist without music, which helps realize the faith of the church to an astonishing extent. Each and
every revolution on this earth was accompanied by numerous corresponding art productions, because the artists
sense the circumstances, and then reflect their sensations with sophisticated techniques in their production, which
can be easily perceived by the public through powerful empathy. Nobody could evaluate art as correct or not
standard, needless to say the public, they simply feel it is good or not, therefore art has always had magic influence
on the public and society in general.
However, it's been said that there is no science without fancy and no art without facts. Science fictions have
long been functioning as a major vehicle for the public dissemination of science; scientists share parallel view of
space, time and light, etc. with artists. Not only are art and science interrelated with each other but they also
contribute to each other in various way. Therefore, it is hard to compare the contributions of art and science, it is
simply partial to say that either one contributes more to the society than another does.
105. Living in university housing or in an apartment in the community?
Students at universities often have a choice of places to live. They may choose to live in university dormitories, or they may choose to live in apartments in the community. Compare the advantages of
living in university housing with the advantages of living in an apartment in the community. Where would
you prefer to live? Give reasons for your preference.
『分析』
一定要进行比较。
住在宿舍的优缺点：便宜(不用付或者付很少的租金；很少的交通费用)；方便；但是可能不自由
自己租房子住的优缺点：自由；安静；干净；但是费用高 (也许合租的话，就会便宜很多)。 根据自己的情况进行选择
『范文』
Being a new student at a university is an excitement. Choosing where to live, whether on campus in a
dormitory, or off campus in an apartment, is in fact quite a big decision. Both of these options have their relative
benefits.
Living in a dormitory has many advantages over living off campus. For example, one has the opportunity to
meet dozens of new students. One is usually placed in a room with a roommate, who can help with homework, and
give much needed support during difficult times. Another advantage of living in a dormitory is not having to cook
food. Most students coming to a university have lived their whole lives with their parents, and inexpert at
preparing food, for they were not in charge of the cooking in home. Many students who first learn to cook their
own food while going to school eat a very unhealthy diet. On top of this, many students are so preoccupied with
their studies that they do not have time to cook a nutritious meal. Therefore, the fact that the dormitories include a
cafeteria is very beneficial.
However, living off campus has its advantages as well. In most situations, one has much more freedom to do
what they want in these living conditions. For instance, one can stay up late studying or come home late without
disturbing a roommate. Also, one is not limited to the cafeteria food if he/she is a particular eater. Living by oneself
also has its benefits. One never has to deal with rude or messy roommates.
Overall, I think that both of these options are good choices. However, I recommend that first or second year
students live in a dormitory, and perhaps wait until they are older and more accustomed to university life before
venturing out on their own. This way, one gets the best of both worlds: the camaraderie of living with many people
and the independence of living by oneself.
106. What kind of transportation you would choose?
You need to travel from your home to a place 40 miles (64 kilometers) away. Compare the different kinds
of transportation you could use. Tell which method of travel you would choose. Give specific reasons for
your choice.
『分析』
[36]提供了option，但是不能选飞机(为了64公里的路而乘坐飞机有点ridiculous)。 比较―步行(on foot; walk)‖―汽车(automobile; car)‖―自行车(bicycle)‖。
选择bicycle可能更容易写一些。
『范文』
If I need to travel to a place 40 miles away from my home, there are a number of different modes of
transport I could utilize, namely, I could take the bus, a car, or the train.
The bus is a good choice as the bus system in Beijing has been well-developed. It is possible for me to travel
almost anywhere within 40 miles of my house by bus. While on the bus, I can read a book, or relax, assuming it is
not too full. The problem with taking the bus, however, is that it is often crowded. It is often uncomfortable,
especially during hot summer days.
Taking a car is an excellent option, assuming one can afford a car. Cars are notoriously expensive in China,
and most people do not have this luxury. However, if it is available, a car is very convenient. You can travel to the
exact desired location in record time. A car, especially a personal car, is never crowded. You never have to share
space with anyone. However, one cannot relax while driving a car. There is no opportunity to just take in the sights,
or read a book. One must always be focused on the road.
The train, or the subway, is another option. If the location I am traveling to is on the subway line, then this
option is by far the best. While trains can be congested, they are the fastest method of traveling. Subway trains are
never subject to traffic jams, as they usually run underground. However, the subway system in Beijing does not go
everywhere that I need to. Often, if I take the subway, I then have to either walk for 20 minutes, or take a bus.
Overall, I think that the car is the best option, if it is available. The car is convenient and comfortable.
However, the bus and the train are both good options if a car is not available.
107. Should higher education be available to all students or only to good
students?
Some people believe that a college or university education should be available to all students. Others
believe that higher education should be available only to good students. Discuss these views. Which
view do you agree with? Explain why.
『分析』
两个观点都有些极端。所以，先分析，在选择自己的立场。
义务教育制度(institution of compulsory education )说明社会已经认识到基础教育(fundamental education)
对所有的人都是必需的。
但是大学教育是不是所有人都需要的？这个社会很多职业(比如，饮食业)不需要大学教育。
让所有的人
都上大学，是不是成为过分的财政负担(financial burden of the government)？
用什么样的方法确定一个学生good enough so as to deserve higher education? 考试？考试制度也有缺陷。
可能选择的立场比如：我们国家目前是需要更多的人接受大学教育。与此同时，一方面要保障大学教
育的质量，另一方面，要改革考试制度，保障考生的公平机会。
『范文』
Some people believe that only good students should have access to a university education. Others posit that
higher education should be open to everyone, regardless of their academic abilities. I agree with the former opinion.
Universities should only allow good students into their programs because these students value the importance of a
good education and are interested in furthering their education. Furthermore, if all students were allowed into
universities, the schools would quickly become saturated, and the quality of education received would diminish.
A university education is very important to a good student. This type of student has set his/her sights on a
university education from early on, and has put in the necessary work to earn a place in a good university. Poor
students who did not try to achieve good grades in high school obviously do not care about their education, and
therefore, do not deserve to go to university. However, if these poor students go back to school and improve their
grades, they should also be allowed to go to university.
Good students are very interested in furthering their education. They have put copious amounts of work into
their education, and are interested in learning more. Poor students are usually not as interested in furthering their
education. If they were interested in this, they would have tried harder to begin with.
With that said, let us suppose for a moment that universities did allow all students, regardless of their grades,
into university. The school would quickly become overfull, and good students, who really care about their education,
would suffer because of it. They might not be able to get into the classes they want, and if they do get in, there
might be so many students in the class that it is impossible to learn.
In conclusion, I think that it is important to save a university education for those who really want it—good
students. If a poor student wishes to go to university, then he/she will have to return to high school and improve
his/her grades.
108. Learning about life: by listening to the advice of others or through personal
experience?
Some people believe that the best way of learning about life is by listening to the advice of family and
friends. Other people believe that the best way of learning about life is through personal experience.
Compare the advantages of these two different ways of learning about life. Which do you think is preferable? Use specific examples to support your preference.
『分析』
两个观点都有些极端。所以，先比较分析，在选择自己的立场。
听从他人劝告和建议的优缺点：综合许多人的看法，可能更容易得到正确的答案；但是久而久之(in the
course of time; as time passes)，可能会变得没有主见(lose one's own judgment)
自己做决定、从自己的经验出发的优缺点：可能不全面，但是能够培养自己的观察能力，分析能力。
不同的事情，要有不同的选择。
『范文』
Some people believe that the best way to learn about life is to listen to the advice of friends and family. Others
argue that the most beneficial way to learn about life is through personal experience. I want to maintain that
learning about life through personal experience is the best way. I believe this because one usually does not learn
well unless he/she experiences something on his/her own, because one can have different opinions and views on
life man his/her family and friends, and because it is simply a more interesting way to learn.
There have been many times in my life where a family member told me that life was a certain way, but I still
wanted to see for myself. After having the experience, I agreed with what my family member had told me. However,
I never regretted trying the experience for myself. I think one can learn something more completely if he/she
experiences it for himself.
When a family member or a friend tells me to do something, I value his/her opinion. However, there are some
occasions when I do not fully agree with their opinions. In these cases, I want to try out the experience. There is a
possibility that I will disagree with their conclusions on the topic. For example, if a friend tells me that a movie is
terrible, I might still go to see the movie. It is more than possible that we will have differing opinions on whether
the movie was good or not.
Finally, I think it is important to learn about life through personal experience because it is a much more
interesting way to learn. If one never experienced anything for oneself, life would be very boring. For example, a
friend told me that Urumchi was a city that I would not enjoy visiting. He said there were not many attractions
there, and there were many other beautiful places in China that I should go instead. In spite of this warning, I went
to see Urumchi for myself. I did not think the city was spectacular, but I did have a good time on my trip, and was
glad that I went. Having the experience of going to the place was worthwhile enough for me. 109. Follow the customs of the new country you are in, or keep your own
customs?
When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country.
Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which one do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.
『分析』
一定要进行比较。至于要选择什么，看情况，要看是什么样的习惯？
比如中国人到了美国，就要习惯go Dutch的付账习惯。不然很吃亏。
但是庆祝春节，家人在一起包饺子(dumpling)的习惯，没有必要更改。
还可以举出很多例子。
『范文』
When one is settling in a new country, one has a choice of whether to assimilate into the new culture, or keep
the customs of one's home. I think that the wisest decision is to try to integrate some of the new culture into one's
own existing customs and beliefs. To understand this reasoning, we must first look at the advantages of both
methods.
If one moves to a new country, there are many advantages of following the set customs of the new place. By
assimilating into the culture, one can break the cultural barriers much quicker. For example, if one were to move to
Canada from China, one could easily live in one of the "Little China" areas, and to all intents and purposes, ignore
the Canadian culture. This, however, would be a mistake, as it would close off all of the positive things that
Canada has to offer. If one does not assimilate into the new culture, one cannot get a Western job. The person
would also be missing out on a multitude of experiences, such as different food.
Nevertheless, there are also many advantages of keeping one's own customs if one moves to a new country.
Some people find it very difficult to leave their home and go to a new country. Keeping up old, familiar customs is
very comforting. In addition to this, when one keeps their own customs, one finds it easier to meet
others of the
same nationality, which can also be a relief. When everything around you has changed, keeping your culture intact
can be a very soothing way.
By and large, I think it is best to assimilate to the new culture while retaining key elements of one's own
culture. For example, one can make an effort to learn the language of the new country, while still speaking one's
own language at home. This can actually be an excellent strategy, as speaking two languages is better than speaking
one, no matter where you are in the world. When one takes on some of the new culture while keeping some of
his/her own, one gets the excitement and opportunity of the new culture, while keeping the familiarity and ease of
his/her own culture.
110. Spend time alone or with friends?
Some people prefer to spend most of their time alone. Others like to be with friends most of the time. Do
you prefer to spend your time alone or with friends? Use specific reasons to support your answer. 『分析』
[110]和[111]非常相像。
休闲时间的活动包括：看书、听音乐、看影碟、去电影院、去酒吧、听音乐会、打牌、下棋、爬山、
打球……
有些活动适合独自进行，有些活动需要特定数目的人手，还有些活动人越多越好 根据不同的情况，就有不同的选择。
相关题目：[111]、[146]
『范文』
Some people enjoy spending most of their time with friends, while others prefer to be alone for the majority of
the time. I prefer to spend most of my time with friends, because friends offer excitement and new ideas, they can
console me when something bad happens, and spending too much time by myself can be boring. Friends can offer excitement and fresh ideas to a situation. No matter what I am doing, if a friend is there, it
is more interesting. For example, if I am shopping, a friend makes the experience more fun. We can look at things
together, and explore our likes and dislikes. Having a friend around also allows me to do some things that I would
not be able to do otherwise. For instance, I can go with a friend to a park and play badminton. Some things are
just impossible to do by myself.
Friends can also console you if something bad happens. If I get bad news, and a friend is around, I do not
have to feel badly by myself. A friend will try and cheer me up, and attempt to take my mind off whatever negative
things happened. For example, last year I broke my leg and was in a cast all summer. I had friends around me to
cheer me up and distract me from the misfortune.
In addition to these reasons, I find that if I spend too much time by myself, I get lonesome and bored. As
mentioned above, there are some things you just cannot do without friends around. Some of these things, such as
sports, are my favorite activities. I do enjoy some activities that do not involve other people, such as reading.
However, I find that I can do these things before bed, or when I wake up. Overall, I think having friends around me
is the best way for me to spend my time.
111. Spend time with one or two close friends, or with a large number of
friends?
Some people prefer to spend time with one or two close friends. Others choose to spend time with a
large number of friends. Compare the advantages of each choice. Which of these two ways of spending
time do you prefer? Use specific reasons to support your answer.
参见：[110]
『范文』
Of the two possibilities, I prefer the first, that is, to spend my time with one or two close friends, because I
enjoy close friendship with one or two people and the cozy atmosphere of spending time with close friends.
When spending time with a large number of friends, it tends to be difficult to form solid, meaningful
friendships with any of the people, since cultivating friendship needs time to communicate. On the other hand,
when spending time with only one or two close friends, it is more likely to get to know these people on a very close
level. I think this closeness is very important in a friendship. In fact, if I share no closeness with a person, then I do
not consider him a friend; I consider him an acquaintance.
Moreover, it is not only closeness but also the cozy atmosphere that makes me prefer spending time with only
one or two friends. In this cozy atmosphere, I always feel there is nothing that I could not or would not tell my
friends, as they feel the same. This means we can trust each other completely. Although this doesn't at all mean
there's no cozy atmosphere or complete trust when spending time with many friends, it is my observation that
everyone tends to be more open in private. This is why I enjoy the intimate friendship.
In addition, spending time with few friends can save much time, since the relationship among a few people
is more likely to be simpler. I'm not proficient at dealing with relationship among people, and often get frustrated
communicating with a crowd. However, when I am spending time with one or two close friends, this doesn't
matter at all. In fact, my close friends, notwithstanding few in number, always tell me I'm their best friend who can
truly care about them and handle the relationship smoothly. I think it is my personality that has me make such a
choice.
112. Should young children spend most of their time on school studies or
playing?
Some people think that children should begin their formal education at a very early age and should spend most of their time on school studies. Others believe that young children should spend most of
their time playing. Compare these two views. Which view do you agree with? Why?
『分析』
两种观点都有些极端。先比较两种观点，然后选择一个折衷的立场。
早上学的好处和坏处：好处是很多提前上学的孩子显得聪明，对付学习显得游刃有余(be more than equal
to a task; accomplish a task with ease)。完成formal education的时候比别人年轻，有更多的选择余地。
坏处是，经常挨欺负(be bullied; be treated rough)。早熟(precocious)，可能会有副作用(negative effects)。
晚上学的好处和坏处：实际上并不吃亏；学习好坏不见得一定跟上学早晚有必然的联系(positive
connection)。坏处是，家长如果引导不好，不利于智力发育(development of child's intelligence)。 立场：不见得一定要尽早上学；孩子确实应该多花一些时间去玩。但是应该正确引导，因为玩也分为
好多种，玩棋牌游戏显然比玩泥巴(play with mud)要有益得多。
『范文』
Some people believe that it is important for children to begin their education at a very early age, and spend
most of their time on academic studies. Others believe that children should spend their time playing instead of
studying. To understand the logic behind these two views, we must compare their advantages and disadvantages.
If a child spends all of his/her time studying, he/she will advance quickly in school. He/she will learn things
early in life that other children, who spent their time playing, will not learn until they are at least a few years older.
This child will learn the value of education early on, and will be able to impress his/her parents
with his/her
knowledge, therefore gaining self-confidence and motivation.
If a child spends most of his time playing, he/she will not learn about mathematics and science, but he/she will
learn another important skill: socialization. When children spend their time playing together, they learn how to
interact with others. They learn how to share things, and how to settle a disagreement amicably. Children can also
increase their motor skills if they spend their time playing games that involve hand-eye coordination.
Both of these perspectives have valid points. However, I think it is best to try and combine playing with
learning. If children can learn about the basics of academics in a fun and playful environment, they are likely to
become more interested in it. A very young child has no interest in studying, and I believe that adults must allow
children to have fun. Otherwise, the children will grow up to be uncaring, antisocial adults. This does not mean,
however, that education is not important. I feel that there is a right time to introduce studying and academia to
children, and this time is not when they are very young. It is better to wait until the children are at least five or six
year old before trying to get them to study.
113. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of establishing a new
university in your community
The government has announced that it plans to build a new university. Some people think that your
community would be a good place to locate the university. Compare the advantages and disadvantages
of establishing a new university in your community. Use specific details in your discussion. 参见：[30]
『范文』
The building of a new university is exciting in any city. Picking the right community is very important, and
there are a number of things to consider when making such a decision. I currently live in the Dongzhimen area of
Beijing, so I will be discussing the advantages and disadvantages of building a university in this community.
There are many advantages of building a university in the Dongzhimen (DZM) area. First, DZM is located
in the center of the Beijing metropolis. Students will have no trouble finding anything they need to further their
studies, for example, food, stationary supplies, and other basic daily necessities. This is very important, because
any time one spends hunting for needed items or traveling to get them is time spent away from study. Second, there
are also a number of excellent restaurants in the area, offering good, hearty meals for a nominal price. As many
students do not have the time to make their own meals, this is an excellent reason to build a university in this area.
There are also negative points of building a university in the DZM area. First, it is important to note that the
infamous Sanlitun "Bar Street" is within walking distance from DZM. While one would like to believe that students
would be able to resist the urge of going to the bars every night, it could be a draw for some. This would, of course,
lower grade point averages and be a major hindrance. Second, the housing situation in this area is more expensive
than many other communities in the city. As many students are living on limited budgets, it might be difficult to
find adequate housing. Finally, the last drawback of building a university in the DZM area is the traffic. As the
community is right downtown, there is a constant flow of cars and trucks. With all of the street noise, the students
could be distracted from their studies.
Overall, I think that DZM would not be a good choice for a university. There are too many distractions close
by. While it is an excellent area to live in, there are too many negatives of having the university in this area.
114. Which is the most important influence on young adults, family or friends?
Some people think that the family is the most important influence on young adults. Other people think
that friends are the most important influence on young adults. Which view do you agree with? Use examples to support your position.
参见：[66]
『范文』
While some people believe that family have the biggest influence on a young adult's life, I maintain that it is
friends, and not the family, that hold this influence to a larger extent.
First of all, young adults usually spend more time with their friends. When a person graduates from being a
teenager and becomes a young adult, many things change in his/her life. This person will likely leave his/her
family home and go to university. University life is very different than home life. One will no longer be spending a
lot of time with family, and instead, will usually fill his free time visiting with friends. These friends are therefore, in
a much better position to influence the young adult.
Moreover, friends will usually have a better perspective on one's life than family. Because the young adult is
spending so much time with friends, it is likely that the two friends will have similar perspectives on life, as they
are going through the same situations together. Because of this, a friend can have a better understanding of one's life
than a family member. A young adult will probably hold his/her friend's influence as more important than his
family's, because the two friends think alike.
Finally, friends usually have a better sense of how the world works based on today's standards. Therefore,
young adults are more likely to allow themselves to be influenced by their friends than their family because they
see their friends as having a more modern view of how the world works. Many young people in today's society see
their parents as too traditional and stuck in their ways. A person's friends, on the other hand, are much savvier to
contemporary issues. Because of this, young adults will likely think their friend's advice or influence has more
value than their parent's.
115. Planning or not planning for your leisure time?
Some people prefer to plan activities for their free time very carefully. Others choose not to make any
plans at all for their free time. Compare the benefits of planning free-time activities with the benefits of
not making plans. Which do you prefer — planning or not planning for your leisure time? Use specific
reasons and examples to explain your choice.
『分析』
倾向于选择―有计划‖。因为不管做什么事情，多少都会有一些计划。至少知道从什么时候开始，到什么时
候结束。罗列几个实现计划的好处。据几个实例。
使用让步结构结尾：尽管确实有一些过程完全不需要计划，而计划也做不到面面俱到(cover all aspects; have
every detail thought of -- think of every detail)，但是适当的计划仍然是必要的。
『范文』
Some people find it to be a better use of their free time if they plan out all of their activities very carefully.
Others enjoy their free time more if they do not make any plans at all. I agree with those in the latter group, and
would prefer to not be restricted to a schedule.
Above most things, I enjoy living my life spontaneously. If I decide that I want to go away for the weekend,
assuming I have money and can take time off work, I will go. I am able to live my life in this
manner because I
never bind myself to carefully planned schedules. I make the most out of every situation I come across and always
enjoy myself. Because of this, there is no need for a schedule. It is much more fun to just wait and see what will
happen next, after all, it's a free time.
I always enjoy the freedom of an unplanned afternoon. If I need to get errands done, I will find time for them.
If I have free time, I want to enjoy it. I do not want to be trying to finish things quickly just because there is
somewhere else that might be interesting on my list of things to do. If I am at a park and am really enjoying myself,
there is no reason why I should leave, even if there is something else to do on my list that sounds interesting. I
believe in living in the moment. What I am doing at the present moment is more important than anything I might do
in the future.
If, on a rare occasion, I do make a schedule, I find that it quickly runs off track. Perhaps I am just particularly
bad at keeping to a schedule, but I find that some things take longer to do than I expected they would, and other
things are finished in much shorter a time than expected. This quickly makes even the best schedule go awry.
116. What method of learning is best for you?
People learn in different ways. Some people learn by doing things; other people learn by reading about
things; others learn by listening to people talk about things. Which of these methods of learning is best
for you? Use specific examples to support your choice.
参见：[4]
『范文』
There are many different methods that people use for learning. Some people learn with hands-on experience,
others learn by reading, and still others learn by listening to discussion of other people. It is generally believed
that learning is a subjective process, and it is important to discover the ways in which one learns best. I find that
personally, learning by doing things is the best way.
First, I find that the hands-on method is right for me because I am a very visual learner. If I can see what is
happening, I have a much easier time understanding it. Reading a book does not give me this ease. When I read a
book in order to gain knowledge, particularly technical one, I sometimes have trouble visualizing exactly what is
being explained. However, when I actually see the process happening, it is much easier for me to understand.
I also use a visual method when I am studying English. For example, if I am working on new vocabulary, I
will write the words down, and then draw pictures of the words to remind myself of the meaning. Going through
the process of drawing the pictures greatly increases my ability to memorize any type of information. When a
picture is too simple to be enough or is hard to draw, I will close my eye and draw a mental picture that serves
more helpful.
It seems as though most businesses prefer people to have this hands-on experience as well. It is rare to find a
good job that does not require applicants to have spent a certain amount of time doing a similar type of work in
the past. By having this past experience, it shows that they have learnt to do a particular task well, and that they
have practical knowledge of the job.
In conclusion, I think that hands-on learning is best for me, and beneficial for my future. As stated above,
however, everyone learns in a different style, and it is important to find the most efficient method for themselves.
117. Choose friends who are different from you or similar to you?
Some people choose friends who are different from themselves. Others choose friends who are similar
to themselves. Compare the advantages of having friends who are different from you with the advantages of having friends who are similar to you. Which kind of friend do you prefer for yourself?
Why?
『分析』
与志同道合(cherish the same ideals and follow the same path; share the same views; have a common goal; have
similar ideals and beliefs;)的朋友交往的好处；但是人与人之间毕竟存在着不同。
与性格不同，兴趣不同的人交往的好处。
选择立场，可以自由一些。比如，可以选择这样的立场：我认为，选择朋友不一定要选择相同的或者是不
同的。因为人们之间总是有一些相同点的同时有一些不同点。关键在于，一个人是不是诚实、睿智、幽默？
参见：[15]
『范文』
In general, my friends are quite similar to me. There are a number of reasons as to why this is the case. When
two people are similar to each other, they have a wide basis of topics available to them for conversation, and are
also able to bond over many types of experiences. For example, one of my major interests is music. I frequently
enjoy going to see musical acts perform. If a potential friend is not interested in the same type of music as me, we
will not be able to share these experiences together. Without being able to have these bonding experiences, it is
difficult for an acquaintanceship to evolve into a friendship.
Another reason why we usually choose friends who are quite similar to us is because having similar friends
who have common interests can help us come up with new ideas regarding things we are interested in. If I am
particularly interested in a project, but cannot seem to advance the thought to my satisfaction, it is quite likely that
one of my friends will be able to offer insight on the subject that I hadn't previously thought of. Nonetheless, it is important to consider exactly how similar one must be to me for me to form a friendship
with them. I have many friends who, on the surface, are quite different from me. However, we share one or two
common interests that allow us to communicate on a clear, meaningful level. To explain, I will give an example of
a particular friend who fits into this category. I met this friend at the opening of a new Italian restaurant in town. We
have very different interests, and very different occupations. However, we are both connoisseurs of fine cuisine.
Based on this one small connection, we formed a very good friendship.
In conclusion, I find that it is possible to have friends who appear similar to or different from myself. The
key to a strong, lasting friendship is finding one or two areas that both parties find interesting. 118. Which approach to life do you prefer, life with change or without?
Some people enjoy change, and they look forward to new experiences. Others like their lives to stay the
same, and they do not change their usual habits. Compare these two approaches to life. Which approach do you prefer? Explain why.
『分析』
可以采取it depends的策略。要看是针对什么事情，才会有具体的选择。
『范文』
Some people enjoy change, and look forward to new experiences while others enjoy a steady paced, habitual
existence. Both of these life styles have their own merits, but one thing is for certain: change is unavoidable, and we
had best be prepared for all situations that come our way.
For my day-to-day activities, I enjoy a comparatively stable lifestyle. I get up in the morning, shower, eat
breakfast and get ready for work. I have a stable, somewhat long-term job, which I enjoy. After
work, I come
home, eat dinner, and relax before going to bed. I take pleasure in all of these activities, and appreciate the stability.
However, sometimes change happens, and I look forward to that as well. For example, a few months ago, I
held a position in a company that did not treat its employees very well. The job was monotonous, and I did not enjoy
it very much. The work was not difficult, but I felt that something was lacking. Out of the blue, I received a job
offer that was much more in tune with my current interests from another company. I jumped at the opportunity to
try something new. The idea of change was very exciting, and I welcomed it.
Change can also be negative, however. Sometimes, terrible things happen unexpectedly and leave you feeling
lost. For example, one could lose his/her job, or much worse, a family member or a friend could die. This type of
change, of course, is unwelcome. We all must do our best to deal with these adjustments, and make the best of any
situation that comes our way.
In conclusion, for the most part, I enjoy a stable, routine life. At the same time, however, I am always ready to
change if it is advantageous to my position in life. I believe it is important to always be ready for change, because it
is unavoidable.
119. Does different clothes influence the way people behave?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People behave differently when they wear different clothes. Do you agree that different clothes influence the way people behave? Use specific
examples to support your answer.
『分析』
不能同意。
? 确实，有些时候人们在穿着不同的情况下会有不同的行为。(举例)
? 然而，决定行为因素还有很多，服装仅仅是其中的一个因素。(罗列几个其他的因素) 『范文』
It seems that people do sometimes behave differently when they wear different clothes. For example, a
well-dressed man seldom spits at random, a woman in glorious dresses is more likely to talk in a gentle tone, and a
clean dressed child seems quiet than others. It might be explained that different dresses give people different
self-images, and most people subconsciously behave according to their own self-images. Equally sensible is
another factor, that is, all too often people regard a person differently according to his/her dresses. Therefore,
people might behave differently when they wear different clothes because they are treated differently.
Also, appropriate dresses do help a lot in certain circumstances. It is not difficult to imagine that a doctor
with a casual suit instead of his/her formal one will certainly make his/her patients nervous, for doctors in
working hours are always supposed to be in white suits. An applicant in his/her first interview will be naturally
accompanied with great mental tension. If he/she was well-dressed, by "well" we do not mean expensively or
gloriously, we mean "neatly", he/she would appear more self-confident and or even be self-confident in deed.
However, merely a suit in itself can contribute little. In fact, people's behaviors inevitably reflect their very
nature. A poor gentleman dressed in rags is still a gentleman. He knows the essential principles that a civilized
individual must observe, he knows fundamental moral disciplines which an educated individual must follow. A
parvenu on the other hand, will finally find out the fact that his exorbitantly dear dresses is of no use to make
himself a gentleman, and he even eventually fail to make him look like a gentleman. Maybe those are right who
said it takes at least three generations to cultivate a gentleman.
In a word, I do not believe that clothes can essentially make people different, even though they might
sometimes seemingly do.
120. Are decisions that people make quickly always wrong?
Decisions can be made quickly, or they can be made after careful thought. Do you agree or disagree with
the following statement? The decisions that people make quickly are always wrong. Use reasons and
specific examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
不能同意。
确实，有些时候快速做出的决定可能是错的。(举例)
然而，决定是否正确还有很多其他影响因素，并且，快不等于not careful。极端的例子是战场上的指挥
官，必须要快速做出正确决定。罗列几个影响―决定正确与否‖的其他因素。
参见：[55]
相关题目：[55]、[61]
『范文』
If the question asked was whether or not a decision that is quickly made is always wrong, and required an
absolute yes-no answer, I think the answer had to be a resounding "no". While carefully thinking
out decisions can
be important, there are many decisions that are best suited to impulsive, spontaneous outcomes. Consider I am sitting home alone one morning, contemplating what to do with my day. There are a number of
things I should get done during the day: I have to clean my apartment, as well as do some grocery shopping. A
friend calls, and invites me to see an art exhibition that sounds very interesting. This situation does not require a
carefully thought out decision. I can easily put off my small errands for later in the day, or even until the next day.
The decision was made very quickly, and, in my opinion, was definitely not wrong.
A second example can be seen at the workplace. I am employed at a busy real estate office. I have a number
of responsibilities that I have to contend with during the day. If I took the time to carefully think out each decision I
made during the day, my company would quickly lose many important deals. In some situations, one must act on
instinct in order to get the job done as quickly and efficiently as possible.
With that said, there are, of course, situations which do require careful thought and consideration before
reaching a decision. For example, buying an apartment or a house is a very big decision to make. In this
circumstance, I would not make a choice without careful evaluation of all of the information available.
While some decisions require very careful thought, others can easily be made quickly and still be correct. If I
had to carefully consider all of the decisions I have to make in a day, I would never get anything accomplished.
121. Judge people by first impressions: right or wrong?
Some people trust their first impressions about a person's character because they believe these judgments are generally correct. Other people do not judge a person's character quickly because they
believe first impressions are often wrong. Compare these two attitudes. Which attitude do you agree
with? Support your choice with specific examples.
参见：[54]
『范文』
Some people judge a person's character by first impressions simply because they believe these judgments are,
for the most part, correct. Other people are warier about making judgments quickly because they believe their
original impressions could be faulty. However, it's a common pattern: if someone makes a good first impression,
people will be inclined to believe it, and make a judgment based on that; if the person makes a
poor first impression,
people will usually hold off judgment until a second or third meeting, to ensure that the original assessment was
correct.
My personal philosophy for meeting new people is to give them the benefit of the doubt. If someone makes a
very good first impression, I am likely to believe that that is his/her character unless, on future encounters, he/she
proves it to be otherwise. I believe that this is a fair, beneficial way of making judgments. I do not think there is any
reason to be suspicious of someone's character unless he/she has given me a reason to think so. It is even possible
that I will make a bad first impression on someone if I am too suspicious of his/her character. However, I also believe it is important to hold off judgment if someone makes a bad first impression. There
are a multitude of reasons why someone might be in a bad mood, and therefore make a poor impression. For
example, perhaps I am meeting a man who just had something bad happen to him. Perhaps his bag was stolen, and
it had some important documents in it. If this happened to me, I would surely be in a bad mood, and not make a
good impression on any new people I met. Therefore, I think it is important to wait until a second, or even third
meeting before passing judgment.
122. Are people never satisfied with what they have?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People are never satisfied with what they have;
they always want something more or something different. Use specific reasons to support your answer.
『分析』
不能同意。never/always都是绝对修饰词。所以，不能一概而论。
确实有这种情况。可以举很多例子。比如，人们对速度的要求；女人对衣服的要求
然而很多的时候人们并不总是这样的。比如，尽管有人不满意婚姻制度，不可否认相当数量的人们并
不想要更多的妻子或者丈夫。
『范文』
It is said that people are never satisfied with what they have; they always want something more or something
different. Unfortunately, this statement has quite a bit of truth to it in today's society. Individuals today are
constantly driven to have the best, the brightest, and the newest. With the increase of
westernization, almost every
country has become a consumer culture, including China.
There is not a street you can walk down in Downtown Beijing that does not have an advertisement,
trying to
sell you something. Wherever you go, there is a new product calling to you. Individuals in society today believe
that others will not appreciate them if they do not spend exorbitant amounts of money on all types of luxuries,
from cars, to fancy mobile telephones, to expensive, name brand clothing.
This idea does not only relate to consumer goods, however. I find that if I start a new job. for the first period
of time, maybe the first month, the first year, or even the first five years are very exciting. Eventually, the appeal
wears off, and I am no longer enchanted with my work. I crave something different, something more exciting.
Anything, as long as it is better than what I am currently doing.
I think people, including myself, need to become more comfortable with their current positions. There is no
reason why we should cater to the advertising industry, and constantly buy new and better products, when the ones
we currently have work fine. This is not to say that we should never have new, nice things. In the past decade,
consumer spending has reached new heights around the world. This is hardly necessary, especially when you
consider that people have been living happily for thousands of years without such goods. I think that if people could
learn to live without such frivolities, they would live a much happier life overall.
123. Should people read only those books that deal with real matters?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should read only those books that are
about real events, real people, and established facts. Use specific reasons and details to support your
opinion.
『分析』
不能同意。Only是绝对修饰词。可以举出很多反向的例子比如，科幻小说、寓言、幽默故事、漫画集，等
等都有很重要的意义。
『范文』
I do not believe that people should only read books that are about real events, real people, or established facts.
Personally, I do not see any logic in this statement whatsoever. There are a multitude of reasons why a person
should read a wide range of books.
First, if an author was to write solely about real events and established facts, there would be little room for
imagination. Without imagination, it would be difficult to come up with any new ideas, or to progress our thinking.
Second, most of history is subjective. If an author takes a certain viewpoint on a "real" event, he/she is bound to
miss some of the facts, and there is even a possibility that he/she will get some of the facts wrong. The author must
indulge the story, in order to fill in the details that are missing. Most books about real events and real people are part
fiction.
If we look at the situation from the perspective of the reader, it is just as grim. If an audience was to only
make reference to non-fictional books, there would be little room for the expansion of the mind. Many authors
who write fiction do so in order to introduce new thoughts and ideas to the reader. These new ideas allow us to come
up with innovative views of our own, and through this process, we grow.
As mentioned above, fictional works are an important outlet, allowing us to forget about all of the negative
things happening in the world for a little while. There are people who might disagree that this escape is a positive
thing. However, I posit that by escaping from the "real world" for a few hours, we are able to deal with it more
efficiently and happily when we return. Because of this, reading fiction is a great way to relax. Fictional works are very important to society, and the individual. They allow us to think of new, exciting
ideas, as well as give us an excellent, peaceful way to relax. There is nothing I would rather do on a free evening
than unwind and read a good, fictional novel.
124. Is it more important for students to study history and literature than to study
science and mathematics?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to study history
and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics. Use specific reasons and examples
to support your opinion.
『分析』
不能同意。
? 这是个没有答案的比较 (it is a meaningless comparison; it is a comparison without definite answer)。学
习历史文学确实很重要，但是说比学习科学数学更重要就没有什么道理了。
? 对不同的人，有不同的重要标准。
? 建立自己的立场：所有的人都应该具备最基础的知识。
『范文』
I think that these academic subjects are equal to each other; one is not better or more important than the other.
First of all, it is important for students to take the classes which they will excel at. If all students
were to take
history and literature, half of them would do terribly. Not all students have a literary mind; in fact, only about half of
them do. Having a scientifically based mind is no better or worse than the alternative.
It's hard to imagine that all the students are learning history and literature while no one study science and
mathematics. If this was the case, a major portion of the world's knowledge would be lost. Science and
mathematics students are constantly making important breakthroughs in their fields of research. If the number of
students taking these subjects dramatically dropped because they were told it was less important than other subjects,
this research would come to a grinding halt. Science and mathematics students come up with much of the theories
behind how the world works, which are vastly important to society.In fact, students should be encouraged to take all subjects because there is no way of measuring which coursesare "better" than others. Everything a person can study has its own unique value. Whether this value is based on personal beliefs or the beliefs of society at large, everything is important in some way or another. Moreover, most academic disciplines are in fact interrelated. For example, historians sometimes have to employ some statistical knowledge while they are doing their research. At the same time, computer programmers will have a better understanding of their field if they are
familiar about the history of computer science.One must take the courses one finds interesting, and not base his/her decisions on what others say are important. History and literature can be seen as a link to the past, whereas science and mathematics can be viewed as a link to the future. In this sense, no one is more relevant than the other because each field produces insights that the other has no way of grasping.
125. Should all students be required to study art and music in secondary school?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? All students should be required to study art and music in secondary school. Use specific reasons to support your answer.
『分析』
尽管All是绝对修饰词，不过要注意，是secondary school(中学)。所以，不妨同意。因为仍然处于义务教育
(compulsory education)阶段。
? 学习音乐艺术也是一种很好的休息，对所有的人都有好处
? 学科之间是相通的(interrelated; interlinked)，审美观念( aesthetic standards)的塑造对每个人、每种职
业都很重要。
? 可以提高国民整体的文化素质
(审美方法 aesthetic approach; 审美观念 aesthetic standards; 审美教育 aesthetic education; 审美模式
aesthetic model; 审美能力 aesthetic judgment; 审美学 aesthetics; 审美意识 aesthetic consciousness)
『范文』
The authorities at secondary schools must make very important decisions regarding what will be
considered to be the required curriculum for their students. I believe that art and music should be part of this required curriculum. Studying art and music makes a person more diverse and
thoughtful. When one studies art and music, one is exposed to many different cultures and points of view. It allows the audience to perceive the world through a
different set of eyes. It is also an excellent way to spark interest in other cultures and diverse ways of life. This promotes understanding and tolerance of others. It is also a porthole to peer into areas of many cultures, including one's own, that one would not readily have access to. This includes everything from social life to metaphysics to philosophy, etc. Furthermore, these subjects give the students an outlet for expressing their turbulent emotions during puberty.Art and music are also an excellent way to express emotions. In ancient times, many a troubled man turned to brush work or Chinese classical music to work out difficulties with life. Students of today's modern world have similar issues with life, and need an outlet to express these. Art and music, in any form, can assist one in dealing with personal issues. In addition, viewing art and listening to music are excellent ways to relax. When I am stressed because of life, one of my favorite activities is painting while listening to my preferred music. I find this activity to be very soothing and calming. Looking at works of art can have a similar effect, and when one understands the philosophy behind the work, it is that much more beneficial.Therefore, I believe that studying art and music in secondary school can be nothing but beneficial for the students. I would encourage all school districts to make these subjects part of their required curriculums.
126. Is there anything that young people can teach older people?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? There is nothing that young people can teach
older people. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.
『分析』
不能同意。nothing是一个绝对修饰词。
确实，大多数情况下，年龄大一些的人有更多的经验，年轻人要向他们学习。举例。
然而，年龄大不一定等于懂得多。有很多时候哪怕很小的孩子也可以教我们很多东西。举例。 『范文』
It has been a common conception that young people have nothing of value to teach their elders I firmly
disagree with this statement, and posit that in fact, the opposite is true. Young people have a plethora of information
to teach old people.
One of the advantages of being young is having a different perspective on life than one's seniors. Young
people have not been influenced by nearly as many people as an old person, and therefore, their thoughts and ideas
are more their own. An older person can learn from these new ideas, and once again, see the world with the
freshness and fascination of a young person.
Also, young people tend to embark on all of their projects with a kind of intensity and
perseverance. This
quality can sometimes be lost as one gets older. After spending time with a young person, an old person tends to
gain back some of this vitality. For example, I have seen many older people who did not live their lives to the
fullest. However, with the addition of a grand-daughter or a grandson, they regained much of their youthfulness. In
my opinion, this was fully due to their seeing the vitality in the young, and learning from it. Finally, young people tend to enjoy experimenting when they are working on a project. Older people are
usually set in their ways, and will continue doing a chore one way, even if it is not the best way. Young people can
offer insight into new methods of doing even the simplest tasks and often will think up new systems that do not
occur to the elderly.
In conclusion, I think older people can learn much from the future generations. Of course, this is not to say
that young people cannot learn from their elders. The educational process does not only work one way through
generation gaps.
127. Is reading fiction more enjoyable than watching movies?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Reading fiction (such as novels and short stories) is more enjoyable than watching movies. Use specific reasons and examples to explain your
position.
『分析』
同意或者不同意都是偏颇的，所以，要看情况。要看是小说的类型，电影创作的质量。 ? 读小说特有的好处：阅读时间安排上自由；有足够的想象空间；文字的美感不可替代 ? 看电影特有的好处：声像(combination of sound and image)结合带来独特的效果；往往浓缩在150分
钟之内；优秀演员的演绎(the ability to create empathy)带来不同的理解(interpretation)。 ? 有些东西是电影拍不出来的；
? 有些东西是小说写不出来的
所以，哪一个更好，不能一概而论。各有各的好处。
『范文』
Billions of dollars are spent on entertainment every year, in every country in the world. Much of this money is
spent on either movies or fictional books, as these two types of entertainment are found to be most enjoyable by the
masses. Which, however, is more enjoyable? I posit that these mediums cannot be compared so easily, as they both
have their strong points in regards to entertainment.
When one reads a fictional book, one is able to let his/her imagination run wild. Everything from the setting
to the character descriptions is left up to the reader's mind, and therefore can be quite enjoyable. Depending on the
novel, of course, one can imagine far away places just by the description read in the novel. Books
are also an
excellent form of entertainment as they are portable. If one is on a long commute to work, which is common in
Beijing, one can bring along a favorite novel, effectively taking his/her entertainment with him/her. Books can be
enjoyed in any setting. They can be picked up on a whim, and put down again to return to at a later time.
Movies, of course, also have their own benefits. Movies allow the viewer to be completely engrossed in the
plot. There is no need for thinking, as everything is presented to you in a straightforward form. One never has to
ponder what a place or a person looks like; the information is all accessible to the viewer. This can be an advantage
or a disadvantage, depending on what one is looking for in his/her entertainment.
In a society where we want everything faster, better and more exciting, perhaps movies are a more relevant
medium. However, movies demand at least an hour and a half of one's time. Books are available to their
consumers whenever there is time, which is also an important feature. In conclusion, I believe that neither books
nor movies are a more enjoyable form of entertainment. In some cases, I prefer to read a book. In others, a movie
is vastly more enjoyable. It is up to the consumer to decide.
128. Should we spend all school day studying or set aside some time for
exercising?
Some people say that physical exercise should be a required part of every school day. Other people
believe that students should spend the whole school day on academic studies. Which opinion do you
agree with? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
『分析』
同意前者更容易写一些。
? 身体健康对每个人都很重要，并且是学习进步的前提
? 体育训练可以使学生学到很多东西，比如团队精神
? 合理的课程设置是学校的责任，学校应该想办法保证学生的健康
『范文』
Some people believe that it is important to have physical activities as part of a child's everyday curriculum at
school. Others disagree, and argue that students should spend all of their time on academic studies. Personally, I
believe that physical education is a vital part of an education as it teaches children to take care of their bodies, how
to work as a team, and gives them a method of releasing tension and aggression.
Humans have always known about the importance of taking care of our bodies, but it seems that in
recent
years, we have gradually forgotten this important fact. It is absolutely necessary to get some physical activity at least
a few times a week, and engraining this idea into children when they are young is the best way to ensure their
health for life.
Physical exercise usually involves teamwork of some sort. Much of the exercise that young people get
involves games such as basketball, volleyball, or football. All of these sports teach children how to work together
to achieve a common goal, in this case, winning. I also believe that allowing the children to work together in a fun
environment, rather than only on academic projects, brings a stronger sense of camaraderie, which helps the children
to have healthy relationships with others.
Finally, physical exercise is an excellent way to release tension and aggression. If one is particularly stressed
about school or life, getting exercise can help the person to relax. As for letting out aggression, it is much healthier
to kick a football than it is to hit someone who has made you angry.
Exercise should definitely be a part of a student's education. Exercise has much more to offer than simply
getting "a break" from academics. Physical exercise can balance out a student's hectic life, and make it much more
pleasurable.
129. A center for business research or for research in agriculture?
A university plans to develop a new research center in your country. Some people want a center for
business research. Other people want a center for research in agriculture (farming). Which of these two
kinds of research centers do you recommend for your country? Use specific reasons in your recommendation.
『分析』
? 陈述开展商业研究的必要性
? 陈述开展同业研究的必要性
? 根据我国情况，建议偏重农业技术研究，同时加强市场的调控
『范文』
China is currently one of the fastest growing economies in the world. A new research center whether business
or agriculturally based, would be beneficial for both our country and the rest of the world. When considering if it
would be more valuable to build a business center or an agricultural center, one must realize that both fields of
research work hand in hand with each other to develop and expand a country's economy. In a
bustling economy
like China's, either research center would have great value.
There is no doubt that a country's economy is strongly influenced by its ability to not only feed its own people,
but also to export agricultural products to other countries. In this sense, an agricultural research center would help
further development in China's sustainability and further the country on a global scale. An agricultural research
center would also be a great idea in China, as our country already has excellent agricultural techniques. By having
this type of research center in China, the world's knowledge on this important field would grow exponentially.
Agriculture also has the ability to employ a large percentage of the population, and through agricultural research,
these people's efforts could be used in a more efficient manner.
A business research center would also be an excellent idea in China. As China becomes more and more prone
to the power of globalization, a business research center would allow China to not only keep up with the
business-minded West, but also, this type of center could possibly allow our country to surpass the West in new
business ideas. China has the largest population in the world, and therefore, the business industry is bound to grow
at an alarmingly fast rate.
In conclusion, I believe that either of these centers would be beneficial to our country. Perhaps the best
solution would be to raise funds for both of the centers, and allow the two centers to work together to build a better
China.
130. The advantages and disadvantages of young children spending much time
practicing sports
Some young children spend a great amount of their time practicing sports. Discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of this. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
优点：对身体健康有好处；有助于培养与人和睦相处的能力；缺点：耽误学习，instant pleasure costs long-term
benefits.
『范文』
It is a common activity not only in China, but across the world, for young children to spend copious amounts
of time playing and practicing sports. There is much discussion as to whether this is a beneficial way for young
people to spend their time. In order to decide, we must consider the advantages and disadvantages.
There are many advantages to children spending their time playing sports. First, children will be stronger and
healthier because they are getting exercise. This not only has the immediate effects of being healthy children, but
also affects their health later in life, as they will develop good habits for taking care of their physical shape and their
health. Second, exercise is known to be an excellent appetite and weight controller. In recent years, with the further
development of China, many young people are becoming overweight. Playing sports in one 's childhood could
definitely help this situation. Finally, sports are excellent social activities. If one plays sports early in life, he will
learn about teamwork, perseverance, and goal setting. All of these lessons will help one to become a happier,
better adjusted adult.
There are also a few disadvantages to children spending time playing sports. For example, playing sports
detracts from study time, which is very important. If children are playing sports so often that they cannot
concentrate on their studies, they should definitely stop. Another disadvantage is that sports can sometimes be
dangerous, causing life-long injuries to a person that is not careful. Finally, some people believe that sports are
overly competitive, and push children too hard at a young age. It is possible that children would lose
self-confidence and self-esteem if they constantly lost at sports. Sometimes, it is the parents that push the children
too hard at sports, causing an unwillingness to participate due to a lack of enjoyment.
Overall, I think that sports are beneficial to a young person's life. They offer valuable skills that will be useful
throughout one's entire life. As long as one is careful and does not overdo it, sports are an excellent idea for all
young children.
131. Only people who earn a lot of money are successful?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Only people who earn a lot of money are successful. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
不能同意。Only是绝对修饰词。
确实，往往成功的一个表象是金钱的多少。
钱不是衡量成功的唯一的标准。黑社会分子(members of criminal syndicate)、一些黑心的商人 (evil-minded businessman)。
有些职业收入远不如其他行业，比如，我国的教师，护士。
成功的定义更应该基于社会贡献：甘地(Gandhi)就身无分文(without a cash in his pocket)；特蕾莎修女
(Mother Theresa )也是好例子。
『范文』
China is host to over one billion people. While the majority of China's population is not rich; in fact, it is a very
small percentage of people who hold the status of being wealthy. Does this mean that the vast majority of Chinese
people are unsuccessful? The answer to this is irrefutably "no".
There are many measures of success, and money is one of them. However, money is far from the main
measure of success. To prove this point, one need only consider the possibility that a man could be wealthy beyond
belief, but not consider himself successful. Perhaps he inherited his money, and has done nothing of value in his
life. Perhaps he earned the money through ill means. Whatever the situation, it is more than possible that a rich man
could be considered unsuccessful, either by himself, or by others.
Many people believe that the main measure of success is happiness, rather than material goods. Without
happiness, even a person with money, status and children would not be successful. However, a low paid
schoolteacher might think he/she was very successful if he/she succeeded in getting children to learn their material
well. Or perhaps a housewife, who makes no money of her own, would feel successful if she raised a healthy,
well-adjusted child and kept her home looking wonderful.
It is also important to look at the difference between self-perceived success and one's success in the eyes of
another person. Perhaps the outside world views a man as unsuccessful if he does not have a lot of money, but he
views himself as very successful because of his achievements in life. Whose opinion is more important? I believe
that if one thinks he/she is successful, then he/she is, no matter what other people say.
In conclusion, money is not the only measure of success. Anyone can be successful, whether they are rich or
poor. What matters is how one views himself/herself; if one is proud of one's achievements in life, and feels that
he/she has lived a fulfilling life, then he/she is successful.
132. If you could invent something new, what product would you develop?
If you could invent something new, what product would you develop? Use specific details to explain why
this invention is needed.
『分析』
比较自由的选择，只要能够列出三个理由，或者要完成的若干个功能。比如，治疗SARS病毒的药物。
『范文』
The world today is moving at a faster and faster pace. An invention that would be exceptionally useful for the
human race would be an intelligent humanoid robot.
On a daily basis, millions of people in China perform tasks which are exceedingly tedious, and are a tragic
waste of the abilities of these people. Tasks such as house cleaning, street cleaning, some types of farming, some
factory work, toll booths and a multitude of other jobs would be performed just as easily by a robot as by a man. In
some cases, robots could potentially outperform man because they would not need to rest. They could perform
these simple tasks at a rapid speed, and therefore would be a significant advantage in some manual labor jobs.
Other tasks that people perform are incredibly dangerous, and often cause life long injuries, or much worse as
to kill people. If these types of jobs were performed by machines, there would be far fewer work-related injuries and
deaths. A prime example is deep sea welding on oil platforms. Every year there are many deaths of workers who
hold this dangerous position. In addition, because it is such a high-stress job, the worker's lives are often shortened
because of inability to cope. As machines obviously do not feel emotional stress, they would perform hundreds of
times better than men do in these types of situations.
Humanoid robots would also more efficiently perform complex jobs such as surgeries and manufacturing
high-tech materials. For example, eye surgeries and brain surgeries require a very steady, careful hand, and an
intensely varied knowledge of the human anatomy. A robot could be programmed to complete such surgeries
flawlessly. Manufacturing high-tech materials is very complex, as it involves many intricate mathematical
problems. A robot could be programmed to perform calculations in seconds that would take a man hours or days to
perform.
Therefore, I think an intelligent humanoid robot would be incredibly beneficial to the human race, although
many of the tasks it performs would need to be supervised by a person, and some tasks would be impossible to
perform for a robot.
133. Are a person's childhood years the most important years of a person's life?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A person's childhood years (the time from birth to
twelve years of age) are the most important years of a person's life. Use specific reasons and examples
to support your answer.
『分析』
不能同意，the most important是修饰词。
参见：范文
『范文』
It is generally accepted that a person's childhood years are very important years of a person's life, but it is
hardly appropriate to say those years are the most important.
We do not reject the importance of childhood years. Actually it is rather important for later part of a person's life.
Our lives, to a large extent are subject to our recognition of our surroundings. Our world views have been structured
from very early stage of our childhood, mainly through our daily experiences. Everyone therefore actually has his or
her own world different from those of others, because even though we all live in a single world, each and every
one of us in fact lives in distinctive worlds which are determined by distinctive perceptions that vary widely from
individual to individual. Hence, we should not be surprised by the extent to which a person's life is influenced by
one's childhood.
Childhood, however, is only part of one's life, and it is merely one of several determinatives that shape one's
adult life. Among various determinatives is one's learning ability. Human beings are superior to any other animals
on the Earth simply because of their vigorous ability to learn. Psychology teaches us that training and self-training
can dramatically alter one's characteristics and even the ability to learn, which may eventually alter his/her life.
Furthermore, learning is a life long process, which means every part of one's life could be an essentially crucial
period, and could play an indispensable role in one's life. Examples are available everywhere. Einstein was taken
for an idiot by his teacher when he was a child. Even though every thankful man would have known exactly that
that doesn't necessarily mean he was really an idiot, the awkward attitude of his stupid teacher absolutely made
Einstein's childhood an awful one. Nevertheless, Einstein led a wonderful life.
Most parents nowadays seem to believe the statement that childhood is the most important phase of one's life,
and therefore often force their children to learn those alleged essential skills for the sake of the future. The fact is,
such behavior is rather presumptuous, because there still are many other important factors that affect one's life.
134. Should children be required to help with household tasks as soon as they
are able to do so?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should be required to help with household tasks as soon as they are able to do so. Use specific reasons and examples to support your
answer.
『分析』
"as soon as they are able to do so"有些过于绝对。所以不能同意让孩子太早参加家务活动更好写一些。
? 尽管让孩子做家务有很多的好处……
? 让过早参与家务劳动，而不顾孩子的承受能力，可能会导致孩子的逆反心理(antagonistic psychology)，反倒达不到教育目的。
? 要先让孩子明白做家务的好处，让他心甘情愿地去做才能达到教育的目的。
『范文』
Helping out with household tasks is the first job that most people usually partake. From an early age,
children are encouraged to help around the house, doing little tasks that help out their parents and grandparents. I
believe that this is an important feature of society, and should be continued.
It is very important for children to learn how to be responsible for their environment. This is a skill that they
will take with them throughout their lives, and it should be fostered at an early age. If people are able to keep a clean
house or workplace, they will be able to achieve tasks much more easily. For example, if children learn early in life
that everything has its place, then this lesson will not only teach them to keep things tidy, but also instruct them on
how to stay organized.
Another reason why this is important is because it promotes a strong work ethic in children at an early age. If
a child is given responsibilities around the house, and it is made sure that the child completes these tasks, the child
will learn how important it is to follow through on instructions. Many parents go so far as to punish their children
for not doing chores, which I think will ultimately be beneficial for the children. It will help them in all of their later
endeavors in life.
Finally, encouraging children to do work around the house as soon as they are able to gives them an
appreciation of what their parents do for them to keep them safe, clean and warm. Many young children have no
idea how difficult it is to keep a house in good condition. It is important that children learn from
an early age how
much their parents do for them, and learn to respect their parents more based on this.
Overall, I agree with putting children to work early in life around the house. Of course, there are limits on
this. Children should not become the maids of the household. They should be given enough work to encourage a
strong work ethic and an appreciation of their parents, but not so much that they have no time to do anything else.
135. Should high schools require students to wear school uniforms or permit
them to decide what to wear to school?
Some high schools require all students to wear school uniforms. Other high schools permit students to
decide what to wear to school. Which of these two school policies do you think is better? Use specific
reasons and examples to support your opinion.
参见：范文
『范文』
While in most present day high schools it is controversial that whether students should wear uniforms, most
elementary schools have adopted uniform policy with wide support. Uniforms serve students benefits in several
ways. First of all, uniforms act as social equalizers. Children often feel less social pressure when everyone in the
school dresses the same way. Students who can not be fashionable due to limited family finances are made to feel
more comfortable among their peers. Moreover, the wearing of uniforms influences students' perceptions of school
climate. Students are made to feel as if they are a part of a team by wearing a uniform. School climate is improved
considerably because kids perceive that they fit in because they look like everybody else. In addition, school
uniforms would assist students and parents in other ways. Students would learn to appreciate the elimination of so
many choices when getting dressed for a school day. Students would not be tardy for school as often because of the
indecision about what to wear in the mornings.
However, when the issue comes to high school situation, further details should be carefully examined.
Students in high schools are in a much different situation from students in elementary schools. High school
students are sometimes called young adults, by which people are expecting their maturity, at least to some extent.
It's moderate that schools are expected to operate a well-disciplined, structured environment that is conducive to
learning. But uniform is not the right answer to various difficulties and problems that the high school education is
confronting. For example, while proponents address the safety that uniform policy would bring, opponents are
aware of the fact that campus violence would not be reduced because of uniforms. Having grown up already, most
students no longer feel that uniforms help them become a part of the school. Furthermore, uniforms may not save
parents as much money as many people would like to believe. Uniforms do not eliminate the need for clothing
needed for outside school. Students many times don't wear their school clothing the rest of the day once they are
out of school. Sneakers, jackets, boots, casual clothing, and more will still be needed. What may first appear to be
economical may not be accurate in reality.
It has been said that a controversy can not exist without a fundamental dispute, and it seems that the answer
to the school uniform debate is not a simple yes or no. There is no clear consensus as to the benefits of school
uniforms. However, as to high schools, uniform policy should eventually be reconsidered as many other regulations
which have already been eliminated including "Boys' hair should not touch collar," or "Girls' skirts must be longer
than knees."
136. Is playing a game fun only when you win?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing a game is fun only when you win. Use
specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
不能同意，only是绝对修饰词。
玩游戏的快乐不一定来自于输赢。
有些游戏是有输赢的，而另外一些游戏是没有输赢的。
过于在乎输赢，将导致游戏失去意义。
『范文』
Playing games is one of the most popular forms of entertainment in the world. Every country has a number of
popular games that are played all the time. For example, in China, Mahjong and Chinese Chess are both very
popular. I think playing game in itself is full of fun, winning a game is just a pleasure extra.
It would be impossible to think that one could win a game all the time when they first start playing it. This is
especially true for strategy games such as the above-mentioned. In many cases, playing against the top players of a
game and losing is an honor, not a disappointment. The age-old adage says that practice makes
perfect. This is as
true in games as it is in any other endeavor. In order to win a game all of the time, you need to practice it over and
over and learn the strategies of the game.
Practice is necessary to win a game. If this was really an annoying process, no one would ever play games.
However, it is the journey of the game, not the destination that is important. Going through the actual game is the
fun part; if one wins a game, that is an added bonus. People truly enjoy the process of playing a game. If winning
was the only thing that was important, we would all play "Rock-Paper-Scissors" all of the time. People enjoy the process of playing a game because of the social aspects. Playing a game, especially a long,
enduring game like Mahjong is a bonding experience. Many of these games can last for days, being picked up and
left off time and time again. Games are great for bonding with other people, which makes them excellent for
improving one's social skills, in addition to having fun.
In conclusion, I strongly believe that games can be fun even if I am not the winner. Games must be played a
multitude of times if one hopes to get good at them, and this is a fun process to go through. Games bring us closer
to our friends, as we have fun experiences with them. There are many excellent reasons to play a game besides
winning.
137. Should high schools allow students to study the courses that students want
to study?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? High schools should allow students to study the
courses that students want to study. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. 『分析』
倾向于认为高中生应该服从学校安排。
? 依据教育的课程安排是有一定科学道理的，学一些没必要的课程占用太多时间，对学生未来考大
学可能不利。
? 相应地，学校也有责任随着时代发展，不停地改进课程安排。让学生们可以得到真正有用的教育。
? 最根本的原因在于大多数高中生仍然不具备可信的判断能力
相关题目：[14]
『范文』
High school is a very important time in a person's educational career. During this period, they will learn many
of the skills necessary to be successful in university and the work world. There are both advantages and
disadvantages of students picking their own courses in high school. The disadvantages are that high school
students are too young to have good judgment about what they really require and also, it's very important for a
young person to get a rounded education. The advantage of adolescents picking their own courses is that people
should be able to start exploring their aptitudes at a young age.
If children are able to pick all of their own courses in high school, it is more than likely that they will pick all
"easy" courses, such as arts or music courses. Children do not necessarily know what is best for them, and
therefore, could end up lacking later in life because of the poor, uninformed decisions they made as adolescents.
Young people need a well-rounded, balanced education. A good education should include everything from
languages to mathematics to science, etc. Many children would avoid their most disliked courses if given the
opportunity. A well-rounded education leads to well-balanced people, which in turn leads to a tolerant,
knowledgeable society. It is important to have a wide basis of knowledge concerning how the world works.
As mentioned above, there is also an advantage of allowing children to pick their own courses in high school.
Picking one's own courses means that one will be able to focus on subject areas that are particularly interesting to
the individual. Adolescents should be able to hone in on their likes and dislikes at a young age, as this will give them
a better understanding of where their aptitude lies.
In conclusion, I think that students in high school should be able to choose some of their own courses. There
should definitely be a required curriculum, but it should leave room for students to take electives that they are
truly interested in.
138. Is it better to be a member of a group than to be the leader of a group?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to be a member of a group than to be
the leader of a group. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
讨论做leader的好处：主动，可以操纵更多的资源，获得更多；缺点：风险大
讨论做member的好处：安逸；没有风险；缺点：收获较小
做leader和member一定程度上与一个人的性格有关。
另外，还要看是做什么的group。视情况而定。
『范文』
When working in a group, there are many different positions, but basically, one can think of a
group as having
two job types: member and leader. Some people believe that it is better to be a member of a group than it is to be
the leader. However, I think it is better to be a leader in a group because as the leader, one's ideas are more likely to
be heard, he/she is more likely to receive accolades for complete work, and he/she is able to make important
decisions for the group.
The leader of a group has the strongest voice of all. If someone enjoys coming up with new, exciting concepts
and making a difference in a project, then he/she should be the leader. It can be a frustrating experience at time to be
a member of a group. At times, a member's ideas are not taken seriously, because he/she does not have respect that
the leader has. If one leads a group, his/her ideas will always be heard and respected, and usually followed through
with.
When a project is complete, it is the leader that receives accolades for doing a good job. While the entire team
gets some respect and appreciation upon completion, it is the leader who receives the most admiration. This is an
advantage for building one's resume, and generally gaining respect in society. People always respect the leader of a
group more than the members.
Moreover, it is better to be the leader of a group than a member because the leader is able to wield the power.
Being the leader means getting a say in all decisions, and often, is allowed to follow through with any ideas that
he/she thinks up. This can mean that things that a person finds important will be completed quickly and efficiently.
Overall, I believe that it is better to be the leader of a group than to be a member. A leader can make decisions,
follow through with them, and receive recognition for a job well done. However, there are of course some
negatives of being a leader. The leader has much more responsibility for the project than anyone else, and if there
is a failure, it is the leader's fault. If a person is willing to take on this added responsibility, then being a leader is by
far the best position.
139. What do you think is the most important room in a house?
What do you consider to be the most important room in a house? Why is this room more important to you
than any other room? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
比较自由的选择，只要能够列出三个理由。比如，洗手间。
参见：范文
『范文』
Whereas others might feel ridiculous, I reckon the bathroom as the most important room in my house, even
though other rooms such as the reading room or the sitting room are probably equally important. First of all, the bathroom is the most important because it is highly visible to guests. We may be able to close
off the bedroom to indicate that the room is "off-limits," but we cannot deny our visitors access to the bathroom.
The most overlooked in general though it might be, the bathroom is a room which demands attention as much as
possible. For example, it is absolutely an ugly design if the toilet is placed directly opposite the door, all too often
the embarrassment happens when the door is accidentally unlocked. And it is the host to blame if the bathroom is
dirty, smelly, or even scattered about in a mess.
The bathroom is very important because every family member will inevitably use that room, in which the most
important part of family sanitations is located. Personal health of family member is no doubt superior to any other
concerns. It should be spacious, bright, tidy, and above all, hygienic, and deserve frequent cleaning—in fact, the
room we cannot clean too much, specifically, the toilet seat. Moreover, more than one bathroom are virtually
needed, if possible. It is not only embarrassing or inconvenient but would also be absurd and irritating if someone
knocks at the door when we are using the lavatory.
Another reason I put special emphasis upon bathroom came from my experiences. According to my
conception, bathroom is not only for toileting, washing, and showering, but for reading as well. Don't be surprised,
I have a very spacious and bright bathroom in my house, in which, an arm away from the stool is a small bookshelf,
a little bit highly located on the wall to prevent books and newspapers from getting wet. I have already discovered
that I have to spend more than 30 minutes a day in the bathroom, and that moment is so ideally quiet and easy to
concentrate. Believe it or not, I learnt a computer programming language – Delphi - while I was sitting on the stool!
140. Items made by hand or items made by machine, which do you prefer?
Some items (such as clothes or furniture) can be made by hand or by machine. Which do you prefer —
items made by hand or items made by machine? Use reasons and specific examples to explain
your
choice.
『分析』
这道题相对[101]就要具体很多。不过选择比较自由，无论选哪一种都行，只要列出几个好的理由。(注意，
家具也有很多种，根据不同的种类，也可以有不同的偏好)
? 手工：可以按照特定要求制作，有特色；成本高；
? 机械：一般批量生产，所以相对缺乏特色；成本低
相关题目：[101]
『范文』
There are a wide variety of products, such as clothes or furniture, which can be made either by hand or by
machine. Both of these methods of manufacturing products have their advantages, and both hold an important
place in society. To decide which is best, one should compare the advantages of each method. There are many advantages of making products with the aid of machines. First, machine-made products tend to
be cheaper than their handcrafted counterparts. As machines are very steady and do the exact same thing every time
they recreate a product, these type of products tend to have consistent quality. Frequently, handmade products
have extremes in their product quality; it can either be extremely good or extremely poor. Finally, machine-made
products have the advantage of being able to use some finishes and materials that cannot be used when creating
something by hand. These include some types of steel, laminates, and enamel finishes. There are also many advantages of buying handcrafted products. When people purchase handcrafted products,
they are supporting the arts and crafts communities. Buying these types of products keeps many people employed,
as it takes much more time to create an object by hand. Handcrafted objects tend to have much more diversity, as it
is almost impossible to create an exact duplicate of an object if you are making it by hand. Overall, I think that there are advantages of using both machine-made products and hand-made products. I
think that if one can afford to buy high quality handmade clothing and furniture, that would be the best situation.
These types of products tend to last much longer than their machine-made counterparts, and one can be satisfied
knowing that they are supporting an artist. However, if one cannot afford to buy high quality handmade products, it
is probably better to buy things that are machine-made. Machine-made products tend to be of higher quality than
poorly made handcrafted products.
141. What change do you want to make in a school you attended?
If you could make one important change in a school that you attended, what change would you make?
Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
参见：[6]
『范文』
While the school system in China is generally quite good, there is one problem that I have found prevalent
through all of my years of education. The problem is that the teacher to student ratio is too small. This situation was
of no benefit to anyone: the teachers, or the students. If there were more teachers in each school, class sizes would
be smaller, there would be a greater diversity of knowledge and information, and teachers would be less tired, and
would therefore give better classes.
Class sizes are overwhelmingly large in China. In many of the courses offered in elementary school and high
school, there are over forty students in a class. It is very difficult to learn in this type of situation. The teacher has no
time to spend with individual students who need extra help, and students are often embarrassed to ask questions in
front of so many other students. If class sizes could be shrunk, the learning curve in most courses would rise
dramatically.
With more teachers at every school, the collective mass of knowledge and information would rise. Everyone
in the world has his/her own very particular set of information. People are like snowflakes; each person is different
and has varied experiences from the next person. With more people at a school, there is a wider knowledge base to
draw from. This would obviously be an advantage to students, as schools could offer a wider range of courses in a
variety of fields of study.
Therefore, if I was given the opportunity to change one thing in the high school that I once attended, I would
like to try to recruit more qualified teachers and give them more decent pays. This would benefit everyone. It is an
unfortunate fact that most school districts cannot afford to make this happen.
142. What gift would you give to help a child develop?
A gift (such as a camera, a soccer ball, or an animal) can contribute to a child's development. What gift
would you give to help a child develop? Why? Use reasons and specific examples to support your choice.
『分析』
可以使用it depends的策略，不同年龄的children可以有不同的选择。
相关题目：[33]、[161]
『范文』
Child's development is often supplemented by the gifts they receive from important adults in their life. It is
important to choose these gifts carefully, and foster growth in the right areas. If I were to give a gift to a child, it
would be the game of chess. Chess offers a number of advantages to a child. Chess builds social skills, it
encourages the child to develop the higher functions of the brain, and it is a good hobby.
As with most games, chess encourages a child to be social with others. As chess is a two-person game, any
time children play the game they will be interacting with others. As chess is a competitive game with a winner and a
loser, children will have to learn how to lose gracefully if they hope to keep their chess partners. Building social
skills when one is young is very important for future successes throughout one's life.
Playing chess is also an excellent way to increase one's thinking abilities. Chess is a game of strategy. When
playing chess, a child will build important skills such as pattern recognition, strategic thinking, and analytical
thinking. All of these skills are very important, especially when going through school. Many subjects a young
person must take in school utilize all of these skills, and working on them early in life can be nothing but
beneficial.
Finally, chess is an excellent hobby for a young person. Playing chess, or any other time-intensive game,
keeps children out of trouble. If they are spending their time working on building their chess strategies, they are
not out on the streets causing trouble. Many children develop behavioral problems because of simple boredom.
Chess is an excellent remedy for this, as it is fun to spend one's free time.
Thus, I think chess is an excellent present to give to a young child. Chess encourages both personality and
mental development, which are very important in a child's early years. While many gifts will encourage the maturity
of one of these types of development, there are few gifts that foster the development of both. 143. Should students be given a long vacation or several short vacations?
Some people believe that students should be given one long vacation each year. Others believe that
students should have several short vacations throughout the year. Which viewpoint do you agree with?
Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
『分析』
无所谓选择哪一个立场。强调一个立场的种种理由的同时，不要忘了提及另外一个立场的些许好处。然后
采用让步方式得出自己的结论。
『范文』
Vacation is a very important part of student life. I would agree that it is best for the students to have many short
vacations.
School can be a very tiring, tedious experience at times. If students get regular breaks in between intensive
periods of studies, they will be more relaxed and ready to learn new material upon returning to school. In addition
to this, a change in environment, even if only for a week, gives one the opportunity to relax while reflecting on one's
studies. Many students find that even a short break allows them to refresh enough to continue with school.
Having many breaks throughout the year is also good for one's social life. If people have the opportunity to
catch up with friends and family on a regular basis throughout the year, they will never feel as though they were
losing touch with loved ones. Socializing with friends and family is also an excellent way to relax. If students
frequently have this kind of opportunity, they will be more at ease and ready for the next semester of school.
Moreover, if the school year is broken down into many short semesters, the schools will be able to put a
greater amount of focus into the curriculum of the courses. Many students find that by the end of a long semester,
they have forgotten the information that they learned at the beginning of the term. By having short, intensive study
sessions, students will quickly learn a small amount of information, and thus be able to keep it locked in their minds
for a long time to come.
Consequently, I think that it is vastly preferable to have numerous short vacations throughout the year.
Students will find that they are more relaxed, and can better focus on their studies all year round. 144. Live in a traditional house or in a modern apartment building?
Would you prefer to live in a traditional house or in a modern apartment building? Use specific reasons
and details to support your choice.
『分析』
选择现代公寓更容易写。相比传统的房子：
主要是方便，设施更完整，上下水(sewerage system)；互联网接入(accessing internet)；有线电视系统(cable
TV)；煤气供应(gas supply)……容易清扫，清扫范围少。
『范文』
Choosing a home is a very personal decision to make. Some people prefer to live in traditional houses, while
others would rather live in modern apartment buildings. Personally, I would prefer to live in a modern building
over a traditional house. Modern buildings provide better services, they are stronger and safer, and they are more
conveniently located.
When people move into a modern apartment building, they are immediately surrounded by all of the comforts
they could possibly want. Modern buildings typically have new plumbing and hardware. Because of this there are
usually very few problems with new apartment buildings. In addition to this, they also come supplied with
refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioning, and the Internet. Many new buildings have the added bonus of
having a workout facility or a swimming pool. All of these advantages make an apartment a much more attractive
option than a traditional house.
Modern buildings are also stronger and safer than traditional houses. They are made completely of concrete,
which is a very durable material. These buildings are always designed by important architects who have a detailed
knowledge of building materials, and methods that ensure that natural disasters will not affect the stability of the
complex. In addition to this, all modern buildings have to be inspected by engineers, who carefully evaluate the
structure to ensure that it is sound and can withstand natural or unnatural disasters. Many older structures were built
using the experience of the builder rather than any empirical understanding of building materials and the forces
they can withstand.
Traditional houses are also usually built in quiet areas outside the city. Most modern apartment buildings are
constructed in the core of the city, offering the residents a wide range of services right outside their door. Detailed
analyses are made by civic engineers and city planners to ensure that all necessary services are readily available.
This includes transportation, shopping, employment and recreational facilities. Living too far outside the city can
be a hindrance to one's business and social life.
145. Do advertisements promote things we do not need or products that may
improve our lives?
Some people say that advertising encourages us to buy things we really do not need. Others say that
advertisements tell us about new products that may improve our lives. Which viewpoint do you agree
with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
倾向于同意后者
广告的好处：介绍新产品；降低报纸、杂志、电视节目的价格……
广告的不良影响(可大多情况下，那不是广告的错，而是制作者的责任，这些可以通过法制解决)
结论是，广告有很多好处，也有一些不足，可是没有广告却是不可以的。
『范文』
Over the last twenty years the amount of adverting we are subjected to in our daily lives has increased
dramatically. It has got to the point where one can hardly turn his/her head without seeing a wide array of media
images. I tend to agree the fact that advertisements more often than not persuade us into buying things that we do
not need.
Often it is difficult to discern what a product is from an advertisement. Advertisers prey on our basal emotions,
conjuring strong relationships between our primary drives and their product names or logos. A prime example of
this is perfume ads. In many of these types of advertisements there are women in compromising positions, but there
is no mention of the actual product for sale. These ads draw us in and make us think that we can be better and more
beautiful if we have the product.
In addition to being manipulative, advertisements also fill our environments and our
consciousness. There is
no taboo venue for advertisements; they fill our televisions, radios, streets and elevators. Some advertisers have
even taken to placing images of their products in our urinals or on boxers' bodies. It is impossible to get away from
them. To illustrate this point, all one has to do is to pick up a popular magazine. While flipping through the pages,
one will most likely find that for every page of content there are at least two pages of
advertisements. It should also
be noted that a significant portion of this so called "content" is actually advertising in disguise. Finally, advertisements feed on our insecurities and often successfully convince us that we have no value to
society without their products. Advertising was originally designed to showcase products and inform us as to how
they can improve our lives. This harmless form has been replaced by a medium that viciously
attacks our
self-confidence and self-esteem.
In conclusion, I posit that the main goal of advertisements is to convince us to buy things that we do not
need. As globalization continues to shrink the world, advertising coerces all countries to become consumer nations.
146. Leisure activities: outdoors or indoors?
Some people prefer to spend their free time outdoors. Other people prefer to spend their leisure time
indoors. Would you prefer to be outside or would you prefer to be inside for your leisure activities? Use
specific reasons and examples to explain your choice.
参见：[110]
『范文』
When one lives in a seasonal environment it is difficult to deny that both outdoor and indoor activities have
their place. As the seasons change, so does one's mood. Certain activities become more or less appealing,
depending on the weather and the length of the day.
Spring is a time of the year when the world starts to awaken from its winter slumber. The trees and flowers
bloom, birds return from their migrations and there is a general sense of gaiety in the air. During this season, I
enjoy going on long walks through parks and watching the world come alive.
Many consider summer to be the apex of the year. The city comes into full swing as the weather becomes
warmer and warmer. During the summer, I prefer to spend the daytime anywhere that is air-conditioned. This can
include the library, a shopping center or a movie theater. I often enjoy spending the warm evenings sitting on the
wide balcony of my house and having drinks with my friends.
Fall, with the turning of the leaves and the intense heat of the summer dissipating, is another excellent time to
go on long walks during the day. I love to be outside during fall and see the life of the city returning to its
hibernation. Another reason to go outside during autumn is to savor the last days of warmth until the next year.
Winter brings the shortening of days and cooler weather. Outdoor activities tend to become less attractive and
curling up on the couch with a good book becomes my favorite activity. It is not enjoyable to spend time outside
if it is too cold. The only exception to this is the rare time I go skiing.
So, my decision to spend time indoors or outdoors is vastly dependent on the season. Different seasons call for
different activities and therefore it is impossible to choose whether I would spend all of my leisure time indoors or
outdoors.
147. The best way the school spends a gift of money
Your school has received a gift of money. What do you think is the best way for your school to spend this
money? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.
『分析』
[11]题中，已经讨论过把钱花在图书馆上的重要性，所以，这道题要写： 盖一个图书馆，给现有的图书
馆买更多的书。[167]本质上也是一样的题目
『范文』
It is a very fortunate occurrence when a school receives a sizable grant. School officials must make the
difficult decision of where to allocate the funds, and I want to propose that spending the money on computers
would be the most utilitarian decision.
Computers are rapidly growing in popularity, to such an extent that they affect all aspects of modern life. It is
rare that one finds stimulating employment that does not require at least basic computer skills. If children are to
become successful in today's society, they must have understanding in this field. As computers are the future, it is
important for students to become adept users early in life.
Not all children have equal opportunities to learn the important skills of using a computer. Many low-income
families cannot afford to purchase such an expensive item, thus continuing a cycle of social immobility.
Purchasing computers for public schools gives children from low-income families the opportunity to break out of
this cycle.
Finally computers allow students to access a wealth of information that could not possibly be stored in a
library, or efficiently be kept up to date. One of the most common activities on a computer is "surfing" the Internet.
The Internet is updated by literally billions of people every day, and therefore offers up any information that one
could dream of. The Internet is also an excellent source of inspiration, as so many people that update it have
incredible ideas.
In conclusion, I think that spending the grant money to buy new computers would be most beneficial for the
entire school. With the addition of new computers, students will be able to get an edge on their peers at different
schools, and be ready for university and the workforce. This is especially true for low-income students.
Computers allow students to expand their minds and think in a new, exciting way.
148. Does playing games teach us about life?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing games teaches us about life. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
参见：[60]
『范文』
Across the world many cultures have their own favored games. While most of these cultures created the
games themselves, many of these games have similar attributes. One reason for this is that people everywhere find
games entertaining. More importantly, however, games teach us about life, socialization, and about how to work as
a team, and how to win and lose gracefully.
One of the most important developments one can make in his personality is the ability to socialize well with
others. Having a charismatic personality will take a person far in any field. Almost all games have socialization
aspect deeply ingrained in them. Football and basketball both encourage a person to treat others with respect. This
is known as having good sportsmanship. Of course respecting others is a social skill that we all must learn if we are
to succeed in life.
Many popular sports involve a group of people, ranging from two people to twenty people working together
as a team. In these situations it is always of utmost importance to be a team player. Of course in the business world
being a "team player" has become a buzzword in most offices. Being a team player means that one should work well
with others in the face of adversity. Team sports are full of challenges and obstacles that a team must overcome
together.
Finally most sports teach a person the value of winning and loosing gracefully. In sports etiquette it would be
incredibly uncouth to start crying or throw a tantrum if one were to lose a game. Likewise if one wins a game and
gloats excessively in the face of their adversary, it is equally looked down upon. The same goes in "real life." One
must learn the subtleties of defeat and victory and learn to minimize their outward emotions.
In conclusion, I posit that games have much to teach us about life. To sum up they teach us how to work
well with others. On a lighter note they also teach us how to have fun, which is an important life lesson in and of
itself.
149. How would you use some land given to you?
Imagine that you have received some land to use as you wish. How would you use this land? Use specific details to explain your answer.
『分析』
可以采取It depends的策略：要看这片地有多大？在哪里？视情况而定。
『范文』
Living in a bustling city is very convenient at times. However, there is usually one thing lacking from these
urban landscapes: trees, flowers, and greenery in general. If I received a portion of land in the city, I would
transform it into a park. There are many reasons for doing this, as detailed below.
Firstly, a park would offer a much-needed relaxing place, which is usually few and far between in cities. Many
people commute to the city for work, and find that the stress of their jobs, combined with the intensity of urban life,
is very tiring. If one could walk through a park on one's lunch break, she/he would go back to work feeling refreshed
and rejuvenated. A park can also contain many plant species that are not prevalent in the surrounding environment.
The calm, unpolluted atmosphere of a park is an excellent place to grow such flora.
The second reason why I would build a park is for environmental reasons. Trees' main function in the
ecological cycle is to convert carbon dioxide into oxygen during a process known as
photosynthesis. Almost all
major cities have a problem with pollution, and every tree helps. In addition to cleaning the air, parks offer a
habitat for many species of animals that would regularly not survive in an urban environment. Offering animals a
place to live is a very noble thing to do.
Lastly, I believe that building a park would be making the best use of my property because it would create a
community focal point. People from all over my neighborhood could wander through the beautiful landscape,
conversing with each other and getting to know one another better. In my park I would also include benches and
tables where people could have barbeques and picnics, or play social games such as chess or mahjong. I would
also be inclined to include badminton nets, table tennis facilities and a football field for the more athletically
inclined.
Thus, I believe that the most appropriate use of a piece of land in an urban environment would be to develop it
into a green space. By doing this, one creates a location where community, serenity, and the
interests of the
environment are all taken care of.
150. Is watching television bad for children?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Watching television is bad for children. Use
specific details and examples to support your answer.
『分析』 不能同意，但是watching too much TV is bad for children, and some programs are really detrimental to
children.
? 使儿童对文字失去耐心
? 使儿童变得孤僻
? 使儿童变得不喜欢活动
? 影响孩子的视力
『范文』
There is much conjecture over whether television is a positive or negative influence on a young child's
development. There is a good case to be made for either of these opinions; I believe that both could be true
depending on the programming the children are absorbing.
Nature programs, documentaries and educational programming can expose children to a wide variety of useful
information. When children watch these types of programs, they are more likely to become concerned about the
world around them, whether in terms of environmental issues, political issues, or cultural issues. Watching
educational television is an excellent method of helping young people discover where their interests lie. For
example, if a child sees a documentary on space exploration, they might develop a passion for it and continue
studying it later in life. A show that a person watched when they were a child could possibly have been a catalyst for
choosing a career.
On the other hand, most cartoons, soap operas, or violent crime television shows are detrimental to a child's
development. Cartoons offer no useful information to a young person, and usually do not succeed in getting the
child interested in anything except fantasy. Adult television, such as soap operas, can introduce children to subject
matter that is not appropriate for their innocent minds, and can often cause children to grow up too fast. Violent
television is perhaps most damaging for a young child to watch. It has been proven that if children watch violence
on television when they are young, they become desensitized to it, and sometimes end up becoming violent adults.
In conclusion, I believe that the argument over whether watching TV is bad for children should definitely be
swayed by what the children are viewing. Educational television can be very beneficial to a young person. When this
medium is used in such a way, new thoughts and ideas can be opened up to the young person. However, watching
the wrong television shows can be very dangerous. Children can desensitize themselves to the world around them,
and become antisocial, violent adults. I think the best situation is to ensure that parents monitor their children's
television shows very carefully. By using this method, children will receive all of the benefits of good television,
while avoiding all of its negative aspects.
151. What is the most important animal in your country?
What is the most important animal in your country? Why is the animal important? Use reasons and
specific details to explain your answer.
『分析』
可以假装你是日本人，说三文鱼很重要；也可以假装你是韩国人，说狗很重要；可以假装你是美国人，说
鹦鹉很重要；当然，就算你不加装他国人士，也可以想出很多动物，起码，熊猫可以想到吧？如果你长在
草原，马很重要；如果你长在农村，牛很重要。
要我写，我会写——猪。小时候就写过文章《猪——浑身是宝》
『范文』
Animals have the power to be iconic symbols for a country. Every country has its own symbolic animal,
which is supposed to represent the values and ethics of that country. For example, Americans have enlisted the
eagle as their national animal. The Germans represent themselves with the Black Bear. In China, however, our
national animal is the Panda.
The Panda is a great source of pride in China. It is an animal that is on the verge of extinction; however, it has
had a long and great history. Scientists have traced this curious creature's roots back to the time of the dinosaurs,
hundreds of thousands of years ago. Because of this long history, the Panda has lovingly been termed the "living
fossil." Today, scientists can study the panda and discover many interesting facts about the history of our planet and
its habitats.
Another reason why the Panda is the animal ambassador for China is that it represents peace and friendship.
In ancient times, a flag with a panda on it would be raised at the border between two countries to
represent peace,
love, unity and respect between the two neighbors. In modern society, China often offers a panda to a friendly
country as a sign of kinship. For example, China has presented both the United States and Japan with pandas.
Finally, the history of pandas is profoundly intertwined with the history of China. In ancient times, emperors
used to keep pandas as pets. These animals were seen as magical and mystical by all who knew them. Some
emperors kept pandas to ward off evil spirits and also believed that they prevented natural disasters.
Thus, the giant, black and white panda is the national symbol of China. These graceful animals are a joy to all
who see them, and are a source of pride for the Chinese. The government is so concerned about keeping these
animals in existence that it is spending millions of dollars trying to determine how to artificially inseminate the
giant panda. Hopefully, they will succeed and this animal will be on earth for another million years.
152. What natural resource that is disappearing needs to be saved?
Many parts of the world are losing important natural resources, such as forests, animals, or clean water.
Choose one resource that is disappearing and explain why it needs to be saved. Use specific reasons
and examples to support your opinion.
『分析』
很容易的选择，以森林为例：
? 用一段陈述中国的森林被怎样破坏，又是怎样需要大量的树木……
? 然后再说如果破坏了森林，会导致很多自然灾害，进而产生经济损失……
? 树木的好处[155]有详细地说明。
『范文』
The world's resources are incredibly important, and as the world's population grows higher and faster, it is
difficult to hold on to these precious assets. While all resources have their own important uses, I believe that forests
are the resource that we should be most concerned about preserving.
Trees provide three important functions in the ecosystem. First, they transpire water into the air, creating
clouds, and therefore, rain. Without trees, this cycle is interrupted, and rainfall is drastically reduced to minimal
levels. Second, trees hold topsoil in place and soften the impact of water on the ground. This is of utmost
importance in rain forests, where decomposition is rapid and because of this, the layer of topsoil might only be five
to ten centimeters deep. Finally, trees are important to the ecosystem because they protect streams from debris and
silt. If the trees were all removed, there would be nothing holding back this dirt from our rivers, destroying the
aquatic environment.
Trees also, of course, provide natural beauty to a country. This is very important for tourism, as many visitors
enjoy going on long hikes through wooded areas, and taking in the beautiful scenery. If a country has no natural
beauty, there will be little draw for tourists to come and visit. While cities can be exciting, most people are drawn to
these natural jewels.
Forested area is also the main habitat for a plethora of animal species. In fact, most of the extinction and
endangerment of animals today can be attributed to habitat destruction. If we continue our trend in deforesting the
world, we will soon find ourselves living in a barren wasteland, with no wildlife to keep us company. The effects of
the extinction of even one species of animal is yet unknown. Breaking the food chain on even one level might
have profound ripples through all life on earth.
153. Does a zoo have no useful purpose?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A zoo has no useful purpose. Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.
『分析』
不能同意，no是绝对修饰词。但是要指出确实有一些动物园不值得保留下去。
『范文』
Perhaps one of the most blameworthy factors that make some people raise the eyebrow to zoos and criticize
that "A zoo has no useful purpose" is its exorbitant price to maintain. However, it is too hasty to say so, since most
zoos have their significance, both educational and scientific.
Modern zoos act as centers of education and are designed to make learning about animals an interesting and
enjoyable experience. They provide visitors with the chance to see rare creatures, such as tigers, zebras, penguins,
and giant pandas, which come from many different parts of the globe. Zoos also introduce people to their own local
wildlife, offering a valuable learning experience in an increasingly urban world. At the same time, most zoos
provide educational programs aimed at a wide range of ages. A visit to a zoo provides children an opportunity to
see and touch animals other than household pets. For older schoolchildren, many zoos conduct classes or day trips
that focus on different aspects of animal biology and the impact of humans on animal life. Modern zoos also have their scientific imports and can function as a sanctuary for endangered animals and
therefore help maintaining ecosystems. In zoos scientists can create an animal population that can become
self-sustaining in the wild. An example of a successful reintroduction to the wild is the P鑢e David's deer. This Asian
deer was native to marshlands in northeast China before its habitat was destroyed more than 800 years ago and it
became extinct in the wild. Since that time the species has been bred in zoos in China and later in Europe. In 1985
four P鑢e David's deer were released to the wild in a protected animal reserve in China, where they are now
breeding successfully.
On the other hand, some experts warn against placing too much reliance on zoos as biological "arks," where
species can be protected regardless of environmental changes outside. Critics warn that zoos, like all human
institutions, are vulnerable to unforeseen events, such as disease, fires, and financial or social upheaval. More
significantly, the number of species that zoos can protect is strictly limited. Today's zoos are home to no more than
a few thousand species—only a fraction of the world's animal life. Zoos already have to perform a delicate balancing
act between large, crowd-attracting animals and threatened animals that have less visitor appeal. During the 21st
century, zoo experts will face even harder decisions about which species they can afford to save. 154. Is banning smoking in public places a good rule or a bad rule?
In some countries, people are no longer allowed to smoke in many public places and office buildings. Do
you think this is a good rule or a bad rule? Use specific reasons and details to support your position.
『分析』
当然是好规矩。吸烟的害处；在公共场合吸烟的害处：对不吸烟的人有害；可能引起火灾……吸烟没有好
处。
『范文』
In spite of all of the known dangers of smoking, people all over the world continue to indulge in this terrible
habit. By allowing people to partake in a cigarette whenever they please, the government is encouraging the
smokers' early death. Smoking should be made illegal in all public places as it is very dangerous to one's health, it
endangers the life of people who must work in smoky environments, and it makes it difficult for
smokers to cut
down on their nicotine intake, as they can smoke everywhere.
As mentioned above, there are a vast number of illnesses caused by cigarette smoke. The major disease caused
by smoking is lung cancer. This particular type of cancer alone kills more people each year than any other illness.
Not only is it associated with lung cancer, it is also associated with heart disease, birth defects and a host of other
disorders. On a more aesthetic level, smoking yellows one's teeth and hands, which makes him unattractive. Most
people also find the smell of a smoker to be undesirable.
It is not only the smoker himself who is injured by his habit. People who must work in smoky environments,
such as barmaids and waiters, are susceptible to all of the above-mentioned ailments. Also, the children and spouse
of a smoker will be affected by the constant smoke in their environment, and will also be adversely affected. It is
unfair for people to suffer for other's bad habits. If one could only smoke in the privacy of one's home, many lives
would be saved.
Finally, it is important to disallow smokers to smoke in public because doing so increases their likelihood of
smoking often. If a person must go into a private area to smoke, they would be less likely to do so. It is an
inconvenience, and the smoker would therefore partake in a cigarette less often. In many places in the world, it is
very cold in the winter. If a person had to smoke outside in these conditions, they would be far less likely to do so.
This would eventually make it easier for the smoker to quit the habit.
Therefore, I believe that it would be beneficial for everyone if smokers were only allowed to have a cigarette
while in private smoking areas. Enforcing this rule would save thousands of lives, and would also decrease the
amount spent on health care dramatically.
155. A plant that Is important in your country
Plants can provide food, shelter, clothing, or medicine. What is one kind of plant that is important to you
or the people in your country? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.
『分析』
比如松树。是北方最普遍的树种；
? 也是做家具的最主要材料；
? 松子是很好的食品；
? 松脂也有很多用处
相关题目：[152]
『范文』
China's culture has always had an intimate relationship with nature. This can be seen in many aspects of
Chinese culture, from herbal medicines to intricate Chinese gardens. I believe that the most important plant in my
culture is bamboo. Bamboo can be a source of nutrition, it can be used to build many things, from baskets to houses,
and it has a large influence on history and arts in China.
First and foremost, bamboo is a popular food in our country. Many people will add bamboo to their meals for
its delicious flavor and nutritional value. Many animals also enjoy bamboo, the most famous being the Giant Panda.
This bear is nearing extinction, and if the natural sources of bamboo were to disappear, the Panda would surely
disappear from the world. In addition to being a source of food, bamboo has healing qualities as well. It has been
used in traditional Chinese medicine to relieve asthma, coughs, and gall bladder disorders.
Bamboo is a very versatile material that can be used to make numerous different items. It has been used in
China for thousands of years to make baskets for carrying items, and for constructing buildings. Bamboo grows
very, very quickly, and therefore, there is always a steady supply available for our consumption. It has also been
used to make fans, furniture, and clothing.
Finally, bamboo is very important in the literary and artistic arenas in China, and has been since the first
writings were recorded. Bamboo has been used in many Chinese arts: it has been used as a metaphor in literature; it
has been used in the making of instruments and artistic implements, such as the bamboo flute or Chinese brushes.
It is a prevalent theme in both visual and literary arts.
In conclusion I posit that bamboo plays a significant role in the life and culture of Chinese people. It
provides food and shelter, and is also a prominent symbol in the artistic world. The Chinese believe that bamboo
brings good luck, which proves their admiration and fondness of this particular plant.
156. A foreign country you would like to visit
You have the opportunity to visit a foreign country for two weeks. Which country would you like to visit?
Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.
『分析』
有个学生很聪明。告诉我说，在考场上，他假装自己是美国人，对中国非常感兴趣，所以就有很多话说(中
国人怎能不了解中国呢！)，所以6分。像这样的题目，一定要在平时练习的时候查一些资料，
否则到了考
场上肯定没话可说。
『范文』
The world is a vast and varied place. One could travel for a decade without seeing all of the sights the world
has to offer. However, if I could travel anywhere in the world for two weeks, it would be Canada. Canada is a
very beautiful country and it has a varied culture. Also, I am considering going to university in Canada, so it would
be good for me to see what it is like before application.
Canada boasts that it is one of the most beautiful countries in the world. In particular, Vancouver is very
beautiful. The city is located right on the ocean, and there are enormous snow-tipped mountains surrounding the
entire city. There are a multitude of beautiful parks to walk through, and very nice beaches. Vancouver, however, is
not the only beautiful city in Canada. All across the country there are small, picturesque towns located on
mountains and valleys. In general, Canada is an incredibly clean country, which also helps its beauty.
Canada also has a widely varied culture. Most people say the cultural apex of the country is in Montreal. This
is one of the oldest cities in Canada, first colonized by the French. As such, the French influence is still quite
prevalent in this city, and over half of the people living there speak both English and French. The architecture in
Montreal is also quite beautiful.
The final reason why I would love to spend a two-week vacation in Canada is because I am considering
attending one of the universities there for my bachelor's degree. I think that it would be an excellent idea to go see
the school, and perhaps even meet some of the professors that teach the courses I am interested in. It Would also be
beneficial for me to meet other students. By doing this, I could find out how good the programs at the school are,
and if it is worthwhile to move across the world for.
157. Studying at home by using technology or at traditional schools?
In the future, students may have the choice of studying at home by using technology such as computers
or television or of studying at traditional schools. Which would you prefer? Use reasons and specific
details to explain your choice.
『分析』
选择在学校读书。可以列举众多的好处。不要忘了提及远程教育的一点好处，比如，SARS
流行时期，北
京就不得不开展远程教育。
『范文』
The technology industry is growing at a faster rate as each year passes by. With a relatively inexpensive
computer and a web camera, it is now possible for one to have a videoconference with one's friends and colleagues.
Students will soon be presented with the opportunity to study from home. However, I believe that attending a
traditional school is greatly preferable to learning in a virtual classroom. Traditional schools allow the student to
socialize, they give the student direct access to the teacher, and they prepare the student for the environment of the
working world.
Many people say that they met their best friends while attending high school. These friendships were solidified
over spending hours and hours in the same classrooms together, and working together on group projects. While it
is conceivable that students studying from home would meet each other over the Internet, the bonds that are
formed in classrooms cannot be replaced.
Forming personal relationships with one's teachers is also an excellent idea that would be difficult to realize
if one did not attend classes. Most of our relationships with our teachers are formed by interaction both in the
classroom, and outside it. For example, if a student was constantly at school, either working in the library, or
perhaps eating lunch in the cafeteria, it is more than possible that he/she would converse with his/her teachers on
many occasions. Developing a relationship with one's teacher is important as it helps one to build his/her business
network.
Traditional schools also have the advantage of training students for "the real world." If a student never has to
work with others on a project, or report to his/her teachers, he/she will not have a very good grasp as to what it
means to work in a team environment or respect authority. The way that school operates forces students to
develop these important skills.
In conclusion, I think it would be much more beneficial for all students to attend traditional schools rather
than study at home. Attending a school helps students to develop the necessary social skills needed to survive in
today's fast-pace world.
158. Should we pay attention to the opinions of famous people?
When famous people such as actors, athletes and rock stars give their opinions, many people listen. Do
you think we should pay attention to these opinions? Use specific reasons and examples to support your
answer.
『分析』
观点：大多数时候，没必要听这些人的话。因为他们往往不是专家。然而也不能走向绝对，这些人的意见
在某些时候也是对的，或者值得关注的。比如在一些场合中：慈善演出(charities; charitable institution;
charitable performance)。
『范文』
It is only in the last hundred years that the "star" phenomenon was born. Prior to 1900, there were no famous
entertainers in today's sense. Fame was held for political officers. However, today, the people who appear before us
either on a court, a stage, a field or a screen, are in fact more famous than many political officers. Many people
listen to these famous people and act as if their word was gospel. However, I do not think this is correct behavior.
Stars should be treated with respect, but their opinions should not count for any more than a regular person's
opinion. Becoming a star does not automatically endow a person with limitless knowledge. Stars must do research
to form their opinions, just like the rest of us. It is no more or less likely that a star will have a valid opinion on a
subject than a friend from school.
In many cases, when stars state their opinions, they are not telling the world how they truly feel. Many
famous people will only make announcements that their publicists have approved. Therefore, in many cases, it is
not the stars' opinions that we are hearing at all, but in fact, that of the corporations that they work for.
I believe that the only time that we should really value the opinion of what a star has to say more than we
value others' opinions is when the star is talking about a subject that he/she specializes in. For example, if a
basketball player is giving his/her opinion on how his/her team will do in the play-offs, then one should probably
take the opinion to heart. Everyone has his/her own field of expertise. If stars, or regular persons for that matter,
are talking about their professions, they are bound to have extensive knowledge on the subject. In conclusion, I do not think that we should listen to the opinions of stars unless they are speaking
on a
matter that they specialize in. "Regular people" have just as well thought out knowledgeable opinions as the stars,
sometimes even more so. Unfortunately, many young adults idolize these stars and believe everything they say.
Because of this, it is important for stars to be careful about passing on inaccurate information. 159. What is the change that should be remembered about the twentieth
century?
The twentieth century saw great change. In your opinion, what is one change that should be
remembered about the twentieth century? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice. 『分析』
这道题，与[178]比较相像。如果能找到一个20世纪与21世纪共同的变化，那么就可以写一篇文章应对两道
题目。比如：中国的巨大变革(经济上、政治上、文化上的变化)。
『范文』
In the last century, the speed at which technology is developing has increased at a phenomenal rate. If someone
living one hundred years ago could see the world today, they would think they were peering onto the set of a science
fiction movie. Of all of the inventions created in this time period, I believe that the computer and the Internet
should be remembered above all others.
The first reason why I believe that the computer and the Internet are so important to history is because they
allow, for the first time ever, all of the people in the world to share their information. If I can speak Italian, I can
access all of the websites from Italy. If I have a working knowledge of Japanese, the wealth of Japan's information
is at my fingertips. The Internet connects people and ideas, therefore allowing everyone to increase his/her
knowledge.
The computer also allows us to make complex calculations with the greatest of ease. A century ago, it would
have taken an expert ten months to work out some of the more intricate problems that math and science provide us
with. However, with computers, these problems are solved within seconds. Computers also speed up other aspects
of our lives. Most young people living in developed nations can type faster than they can handwrite. This, of course,
speeds up the education process as well as the business world.
Finally, the computer and the Internet are very important to the twentieth century because of its effect on the
entertainment industry. Computers have allowed for complex video games to be created, which are the current
craze in most cultures. Teenagers everywhere spend countless hours playing these games, and gain great enjoyment
from them. For those not interested in video games, the computer has also allowed for great advances in the movie
industry. Special effects are now commonplace in every modern movie we watch. They make movies more realistic
and exciting.
In brief, I believe that when future generations look back on the twentieth century's inventions, they will be
most impressed with the computer and the Internet, as it has changed the way we view the world and interact with
each other.
160. Complain in writing or in person?
When people need to complain about a product or poor service, some prefer to complain in writing and
others prefer to complain in person. Which way do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to
support your answer.
『分析』
可以采取it depends的策略，要看是什么样的问题。也可以先比较，后选择。
? 书信投诉：有条理；避免冲动、更加理性；可以直接与高层沟通；也可以向媒体投诉；但是可能
石沉大海(like a stone dropped [sank] into the sea — no echo)
? 当面投诉：可能是最快解决问题的方式；相比文字，有更多的表达方式，比如appeal to emotion; appeal
to pity等等；但是如果缺乏控制，可能会引起争吵，反倒使情况恶化。
相关题目：[69]
『范文』
When we finally find out a service or a product that failed to satisfy us, we have to complain. Occasionally,
we can choose whether to make an argument face-to-face or in writing, but usually we have no choice. We have to
make our case in person if we need a personal touch or have no time to write; we have to write if we can't meet the
right person to complain.
Writing has its advantages: when we write, we can better control the flow of our ideas, explain complex issues
patiently, and convey our feeling of troubles that the poor products have brought explicitly and accurately. On the
other hand, writing also has disadvantages: we may lack of a sense of what the readers are like—amiable or
prickly, generous or difficult—and we can't respond immediately to their doubts, questions, or misunderstandings.
When we write, we also lose one way to get the reader to take our argument seriously: face-to-face,
we can
draw others into it with our body language, the passion in our voice, even the look in our eyes. If, for example, I
ran into a dean after a bad experience at the student health service, I could visibly communicate my frustration
right there, and the dean would probably respond more intently than if he/she were in his/her office reading an
angry letter.
For common trivial problems, I'd prefer to complain in person, which is more direct than in writing. To a
large extent, to complain in a right way is a pure skill, if properly handled, problems can be solved without any
quarrel, because appropriate courtesy is always appreciated. On the contrary, if the problem or issue is fairly
critical, I'd prefer write a specific piece to complain, for complex issues often deserve careful thinking.
161. Why people remember special gifts they have received?
People remember special gifts or presents that they have received. Why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
因为特殊的礼物带来的特殊的意义，或者特殊的改变。
相关题目：[33]、[142]
『范文』
One custom that is prevalent in all societies around the globe is that of gift-giving. This is a time-honored
tradition in all countries, and evokes different feelings or emotions in all of us. Gift-giving has many different functions
in Chinese culture. One can receive a gift as a token of affection, or one can receive or give a gift to stimulate
business opportunities. In both of these cases, the gifts are always well received, and serve the function of a
memento.
Perhaps the most common situation in which a gift is given is on a special day, for example, one's birthday or
an anniversary. These gifts come to a person from loved ones, and usually symbolize affection or admiration.
These gifts can be large or small. For example, my father bought me a digital camera for my last birthday. This was a
great present, and was quite expensive. I did not appreciate the gift because of its monetary value, however. I valued
it because it was a very thoughtful gift, as my father knew I was interested in photography. Other gifts have less
monetary value, but are still just as meaningful. An example of this is when a boyfriend buys flowers for his
girlfriend. The flowers do not cost a lot of money, but they evoke feelings of happiness and love. Gifts can also be given to stimulate business. For example, many businessmen in China will take their most
important clients on a special vacation to see the sights of another city. This trip does not relate directly to business,
as in many cases, the business at hand is not discussed. Instead, the businessman will offer such a trip as a token of
trust and respect. The client appreciates this gesture, as it shows him/her that the businessman is serious about work,
and values him/her as a customer.
In both of these cases, the gifts signify to the receiver that he/she is cared about and is important. It is always
a treat to receive a gift, and most people view this as a sign of friendship-Gifts serve as mementos of the people
who give them, which is why we hold them in special places in our hearts.
162. Do famous athletes and entertainers deserve high salaries?
Some famous athletes and entertainers earn millions of dollars every year. Do you think these people
deserve such high salaries? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. 『分析』
尽管是有一些不公平，但是这些人收入高是有其道理的。
? 每个行业的薪酬不同是正常的现象
? 娱乐、体育行业(industry)是市场最广阔的行业，也就是说是销售额最大的行业，而这样的行业，薪
酬很高根本不奇怪。
? 很多人认为歌星只不过唱一首歌就可以赚很多钱，非常不公平，这是肤浅的看法。要知道明星成
名背后的辛苦。
? 每个国家都征收所得税(income tax)，要知道很多明星收入的60%是用来交税的。他们对社会的贡献
也非常大。
『范文』
There are many famous entertainers and athletes who gross millions of dollars every year. I tend to believe
that they in a sense do deserve such high paying salaries. Being a famous entertainer or athlete requires copious
amounts of hard work. This job also forces one to give up all of their privacy. Moreover, working in these fields
means that one must be the very best.
To become famous, whether in the sports industry or the movie industry, takes a lot of hard work. One must
train for years and years to make it to the level of a professional. Not only is this tiring, it also costs a lot of money.
If one hopes to reach the level of a superstar, he/she must spend money on training and bettering
himself/herself.
This is not an easy lifestyle, and requires dedication, which many people do not have.
Second, these stars deserve to make a lot of money because they must give up their privacy to serve the public.
As soon as stars leave their homes, they are subjected to constantly being pestered by people who want their
autograph or want to take pictures of them. Famous people must undergo the intense scrutiny of the media;
television and newspaper reporters take note of every action these people do, and publicize it. Again, this is a
difficult lifestyle to lead, as one must constantly be careful of what one says in public. Finally, working in these industries means that one was born with natural talent. They have harnessed a skill
that very few others can call upon. If there were no people in society who could play such a role, the entertainment
industry would quickly fall into oblivion. We need these people's skills to entertain us.
In conclusion, I think that famous athletes and movie stars deserve their pay. While it seems like too much
money when we first hear how much they make, after careful consideration, we realize that they must put a lot of
work into their careers, much more than ordinary people do in many cases.
163. Is literacy more important today than in the past?
Is the ability to read and write more important today than in the past? Why or why not? Use specific
reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
一定程度上，同意这个说法。(In a sense, it is true that…)
? 阅读并理解(Comprehend)的能力，在信息过度丰富的今天，更加重要。现代人的阅读量要比过去高
出许多倍(过去大学生就是很高的学历，现在博士后[postdoctoral]才算是高学历)。需要更多的能力
去辨别真伪。
? 写作的能力更是如此，比如在工作中，写报告是一项重要内容，公司的规模越大，越是如此。没
有写作能力，就等于没有升迁机会。
『范文』
As the world becomes smaller and smaller due to the process of globalization, it becomes more and more
important that everyone learns how to read and write. If one is to keep up with the fast pace of the world, literacy
skills are of utmost importance.
Technology is expanding at an ever-increasing rate. Computers, and the Internet, have become common terms
in almost all nations in the world. If one wants to be able to communicate with others using this
efficient method,
one must learn the basics of reading and writing. The objects we have in our home are also becoming increasingly
more complicated. For example, if one wants to use a DVD player with their television, one must be able to read
the manual to learn how to work it. Even the most basic technologies come with an instruction guide: if one is unable
to read, they will constantly be struggling to figure out how to work these technologies.
As mentioned above, the world is becoming much smaller. More people are finding it necessary to leave their
homes in small towns and villages, moving to the big cities where there is more opportunity. Some of these people
find it quite difficult to navigate around the city, as one must know how to read in order to understand the street
signs. If one cannot find the place where one has to report for work, it would be very difficult to make a living.
Finally and perhaps most importantly, being able to read and write gives us the opportunity to think for
ourselves. Wherever we are, people in authority positions tell us what we should believe. However, in many cases, it
is not in our own best interest to follow the leader's ideas. People must learn to read and then examine the
information for themselves. This is the only way that culture can evolve.
Therefore, I think the skills of reading and writing are of vast importance, no matter where one lives in the
world. The world population will continue to grow, and the only way to keep ahead is to learn to read and write.
164. What do you do for good health?
People do many different things to stay healthy. What do you do for good health? Use specific reasons
and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
保持身体健康的最直接方式就是―锻炼‖(take exercise; have physical training)。
锻炼身体的方式很多，慢跑(jogging)，爬楼(climbing stairs)，爬山(climbing)，健身房(gymnasium; gym; fitness
centre)器械锻炼(body building)，健美操(aerobics dancing[exercises])，篮球、足球、羽毛球(badminton)、网
球(tennis)，游泳……
(就算你平时根本不锻炼也要)选择一个，说明为什么那种方式能给你带来好处以及带来了什么样的好处。
另外，中国学生还有让老外跌眼镜的：武术(wushu/kongfu)；气功(qigong)；太极(Tai Ji)——全都是拼音，
老外还得看懂，难为批卷的人了。
『范文』
Scientists have discovered that one of the main methods of prolonging a person's life is to keep healthy. There
are many different methods to keep in good shape, and one must choose those that are most appropriate for their
own lifestyle. Personally, in order to keep healthy, I eat well, exercise, and get lots of rest.
Eating well is an excellent way to keep healthy. If one is constantly drinking pop or eating fried foods, they will
not be able to keep a healthy weight. One must eat lots of vegetables and fruit, and stay away from all foods that
are high in cholesterol. In order to maintain a low level of cholesterol in my diet, I tend to eat more fish rather than
heavier meats. Fish is much healthier than red meat, and I find it much tastier as well.
Exercising is also very important to leading a healthy lifestyle. One should exercise for at least half an hour,
three to four times a week. Exercise can include anything from going to the gym to "work out", to going on a long
walk around the city. If I am particularly busy, I will walk up the Stairs to my apartment rather than taking the
elevator. This provides me with the minimum amount of exercise necessary to stay fit.
The third thing I do to keep healthy is sleep well and often. I typically sleep for approximately eight and a half
hours every night. Sleep is very important, as your body uses this rest time to heal itself. If one tries to live for long
periods of time without sleep, they will quickly become haggard and disheveled. Sleep is absolutely necessary for
a healthy life.
In conclusion, I find that eating well, exercising and sleeping often is the best way for me to keep healthy. If
a person can change their lifestyle and incorporate these three ideas, they will be much better off for it. A person
who leads a healthy lifestyle will be less likely to get sick, and they will live longer.
165. What is one thing you will do to improve your community?
You have decided to give several hours of your time each month to improve the community where you
live. What is one thing you will do to improve your community? Why? Use specific reasons and details to
explain your choice.
参见：[6]
『范文』
Fostering a sense of community in one's neighborhood is an excellent idea. When one knows one's neighbors,
one can easily ask for favors or opinions on community issues. I think that if I were to spend a number of hours
each week helping out my community, I would offer free computer lessons.
If one hopes to succeed in business, it is of utmost importance that they learn how to use a computer. Most
decent jobs require at least a basic amount of computer skills. By helping members of my community to get
well-paying jobs, I would be helping out the community at large. If my neighbors have more disposable income, it
is likely that they will give some money back to the community to improve all of our living situations.
Second, offering free computer lessons to neighbors would increase friendly dispositions between all
members in the community. If neighbors meet each other during lesson times, it is more than possible that they will
become friends. Many people meet their best friends during the educational process. This socialization could
continue during my computer course, thus increasing the friendly atmosphere of the community. Finally, helping members of the community learn to use a computer would allow them to have more fun.
There are many entertaining activities one can occupy one's time with on the computer. The computer also offers
the user the opportunity to "surf the Internet", which can be a great way to spend one's time. For example, a person
can download movies from the Internet, which can be watched on lazy summer evenings, or cold winter nights.
Thus, I think that offering computer lessons to those in my community would be an excellent way to
volunteer my time. Computers improve people's living situations in so many ways, and I would love to be a part
of this process.
166. What events make a person an adult?
People recognize a difference between children and adults. What events (experiences or ceremonies)
make a person an adult? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.
『分析』
Difference between children and adults: 成熟(mature)；独立(independent)；独立思考(critical thinking)；解决
问题(problem solving)；自我责任(self-responsible)……； Event: 毕业典礼、18岁生日…… 『范文』
People have many different ways expressing, celebrating and legislating our passage from childhood into
adulthood. I believe that there is no single moment that defines when a child becomes an adult. Becoming an adult is
based on a variety of events, namely, when one's body changes, when one's mind expands, and when one
accumulates experiences.
Small children are usually referred to as cherub like. They are all beautiful with rosy cheeks, bright eyes, and
tender skin. As a child grows into an adolescent, they grow taller, but their frames remain quite small. Once a
youth grows from an adolescent to an adult, frames develop substantially. Their shoulders broaden and they are
able to form defined muscles. This physical change is the most obvious sign of a child becoming an adult.
The second modification that occurs is the expansion of one's mind. When one is an adult, they are able to
comprehend much more advanced thought processes. They start to be able to think for themselves, and make
decisions that are best for them. Children are not capable of making complex decisions regarding their lives or
their future. They do not have a mind capable of carefully weighing all of the options and deducing the right
choice.
This expansion of the mind is a result of the numerous experience a person has on his/her way to becoming
an adult. As one moves through the world, they gather important information about how the world works. This
information becomes one's personal database of knowledge: such a database is absolutely necessary if one is to
grow past childhood. The experiences of which I speak are the happenings in our day-to-day lives. We are
constantly placed in situations where we must choose one path or another. Of course, one will make mistakes along
the way. These mistakes are an important learning tool, which help us become wise adults. In conclusion, children become adults when they have sufficiently matured. Their bodies, their minds, and the
number of experiences they have had must grow. Once this process is complete, they can rightfully claim to be
adults.
167. Should school buy computers or books?
Your school has enough money to purchase either computers for students or books for the library. Which
should your school choose to buy — computers or books? Use specific reasons and examples to support your recommendation.
『分析』
资金分配问题，参见：[11]的分析。 选择书籍，理由更多一些：
? 计算机会贬值；
? 计算机并不万能；没有好的软件，就是废物，而软件又是很大的花费
? 网络资料不完整，无权威性；
『范文』
There are many difficult decisions that school supervisors must make in order to ensure the success of their
students. One of these decisions is how to spend money when it is available. Quite often, extra funds are spent on
either computers or books. Given the choice, I believe that money is best spent on computers. New technology is being created faster and faster. Each year, IBM develops a new "super computer" that is
hundreds of times faster than the previous model. With this constantly changing technology, it is easy for schools to
be left behind because they cannot afford new gear. Students deserve to learn on the best technology available, so
schools should always upgrade their computers whenever possible.
Computers also offer students a wealth of information, perhaps more than books can provide. It is now
possible to buy e-books, dictionaries and encyclopedias for a computer. These computer versions of popular
research tools are much better than their hardcover predecessors. For example, a computer encyclopedia takes up
no space in the library, it allows students to access the information instantly, and it is much more cost effective than
buying the entire series on paper. Also, the Internet allows students to find information on anything their hearts
desire.
Finally, spending school funds on computers is more beneficial than spending money on books because
computers prepare the students for the working world. In today's society, to attain a high paying position in a
company it is necessary to have basic computer skills. If students do not have the ability to learn such skills, they
will be left behind while others succeed in their place.
Accordingly, I feel it is better for schools to spend money on computers rather than books. In addition to the
reasons listed above, it is important to note that most major cities have extensive libraries that a local school
would be hard-pressed to match. However, libraries frequently do not house computers, and if they do, they are
constantly in use by other patrons. In many cases, the only chance a young person has to use a computer is at
his/her school.
168. Why do some students study abroad?
Many students choose to attend schools or universities outside their home countries. Why do some students study abroad? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.
『分析』
其实，只不过是把[1]的文章稍微改一改
增加经验、拓展知识、开阔视野(尤其现在跨国企业那么多，那么好)
为了实现理想(如，周恩来就是为中华之崛起而读书，所以他到法国留学去了)
为了保证将来的就业机会
父母要求子女上出国
别人都出国了，所以自己也选择出国
相关题目：[1]
『范文』
Choosing which university to attend is a big decision for a young person to make. Some students prefer to
stay near their homes, and live with their parents while at school. Others choose to move far away to a different
country for their education. I believe that latter students choose to move away to experience a new culture, to
learn a new language, or to go to a specific university that specializes in their field of study.
Moving to a new country is an eye-opening experience. The way society works in other cultures is very
different from one's own. For example, I had a friend who went to school in Canada. She constantly told me
stories about the differences in the food, the architecture, and the way people treat each other. One cannot fully
understand his/her own culture until he/her has compared it with another that is vastly different. For this reason,
moving to a new country to go to school can be of great importance for students who wish to study international
relations.
When one moves to a new country, it is much easier to learn the language of that country. For example, my
friend who moved to Canada studied English for years before her departure. While she could express herself, she
never fully mastered the language. However, upon her return, I was shocked and amazed at her new level of
English. She was completely fluent, and thus gained a great new skill because she studied abroad. The last reason why students choose to study abroad is because in some cases, doing so is the only way to
enter the program one is interested in. For example, if one wants to study marine biology, it would be best if
he/she went to a university that was located near the ocean. Also, some schools are known to be the best in a
particular field. For instance, in America, Harvard is known to be the best school for law.
So, I believe that students study away because they are interested in learning about new cultures, learning
new languages, or studying specific programs. While there are many excellent reasons to study in one's home
country, studying abroad can offer many new and exciting experiences.
169. Why is music important to many people?
People listen to music for different reasons and at different times. Why is music important to many people? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
『分析』
[96]给出了一个重要的理由：
Music provides an opportunity to escape the stress and difficulties of modern life.
再想出两个理由就可以了。比如，
流行歌曲可以满足人们宣泄的要求(the desire to get something deep in the heart off one's chest; unbosom
oneself; )，可以满足人们的幻想；
音乐还可以告诉人们很多其他国家的事情(文化、价值观等等)[82]、[183]
『范文』
Music exists all around the world in thousands of forms and manifestations. It spans time and geography as an
ever-present theme in the lives of all people. There is no culture without some form of music; from primitive man
to the modern urban inhabitants, and from Tibet to New York City. Musicians come from all walks of life and
express their emotions and their experiences, so that they may be shared with their community or even the world.
Different emotions call for different music. This idea is well illustrated by theatrical scoring and movie
soundtracks. There is music that we listen to when we are sad, when we are happy, when we are angry, etc.. Music
works with our emotions, and helps us to deal with the highs and lows of life. I believe that if there was no music,
that man would live a much more stressful, embittered existence.
At different ages we develop tastes for different types of music. Some people feel that as one matures they
appreciate more complicated themes, styles and emotions in their music. For example, many young people today
enjoy pop music, while their parents prefer to listen to classical music. Perhaps this is because young people are
full of energy and therefore enjoy faster music. Their parents, on the other hand, have enough excitement during
the day, and would therefore prefer to listen to music that is more soothing.
As our world changes, different styles of music become more appropriate and more relevant. For example,
as we become more and more technologically inclined, the music we listen to has followed the same trend. Young
people today are currently experimenting with electronic music because of this. Musical instruments also advance
technologically as time passes. In the last few decades, man has invented both the electric guitar and the
synthesizer, which has revolutionized music around the world.
A person's choice in music is highly individualistic. Even family members can sometimes not agree on what
the best type of music is. Through thousands of years of evolution, music has become one of man's greatest
companions. It can help people to celebrate their joy, and it consoles people when they are depressed.
170. Why are groups or organizations important to people?
Groups or organizations are an important part of some people's lives. Why are groups or organizations
important to people? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.
『分析』
众多理由中包括：不寂寞；归属感(togetherness)；过得更多的信息；资源共享…… 『范文』
It was said that human beings are social animals. Some might argue human beings should be not called
animals, but it's true that human beings are social. Therefore, it's of no surprise that groups or organizations are
almost an indispensable part of most people's lives.
Most people are afraid of being alone, and for them, being with others is one of the most natural needs. Being
a member of a group is comfortable. If an individual has gone so far as to being considered isolated, rumors arise.
Others might ponder: what is the matter with that solitary individual? No one would like to be wondered that way.
Being a member of a group is also interesting. Every one has his/her own special means to pursue happiness, for
example, he/she might be keen on music concerts, or be fond of stamps collecting. By joining a special interest
group on his/her pet topic, he/she can easily find many people whose interests are similar to his/her, and can share
his/her pleasure with those who can really appreciate it in a proper way.
Many people find group or organizations are essential because they know a simple and
never-changed fact
that every single individual on this Earth has only limited resources. Groups or organizations are always the best
choice for an individual to emancipate himself/herself from limitation. By joining a group, an individual is able to
share his/her limited resource with others, and share others' resources in turn, therefore is virtually able to reach a
much larger amount of resources. The most popular resource-sharing activities exist in the Internet. There are
numerous BBS on almost every particular topic on various websites, which always makes copious valuable
materials readily reachable. No matter what a person is interested in, for example, music, movie, books, or
whatever, he/she will find a right group to join on the internet.
In fact, any individual in a sense exists in a certain group: either he/she is a member of some groups, or he/she
is a leader of a group. Either way, the group is critical to him/her. People cannot achieve greatness solely by
themselves, regardless of their status in the group; they need others, for help, for support, and many other things,
since nobody is entirely independent and omnipotent.
171. What would you take when preparing for a one-year trip in addition to
personal necessities?
Imagine that you are preparing for a trip. You plan to be away from your home for a year. In addition to
clothing and personal care items, you can take one additional thing. What would you take and why? Use
specific reasons and details to support your choice.
『分析』
计算机、全家福照片、书、光盘……(但是要注意，根据题目，不能选clothing and personal care items)
『范文』
During the planning of an extended trip away from home, we have to decide what items to carry with us.
While considering this problem I pondered many possibilities, such as a family photo album, my journal, my music
collection and many others. Finally I realized that the best thing for me to bring on an extended journey would be
my laptop.
A laptop computer can act as a journal. In fact it can outperform a journal in its abilities to catalogue
experiences. With this added functionality, I could add pictures, captured with the web cam and sounds, captured
with the built-in microphone, to the text. As there is a diverse range of software available for computers, there is an
added possibility of loading my experiences on to a web page and publishing them on the Internet. While traveling or living abroad, it is often necessary to communicate with loved ones or business colleagues.
In spite of the ever-decreasing cost of international calls, long distance telephone bills can quickly add up. Once
again a laptop computer has the ability of solving this problem. With a relatively inexpensive Internet connection, a
person can harness one of the most powerful attributes of a computer: communication. This form of
communication adds the extra abilities of being able to see the person you are contacting and
allow people to
share files, information and even programs.
A new city can be a lonely place and it can take a significant amount of time to adjust to a new environment
and make friend. During such a transitional period, it can be very helpful for one to have access to entertainment:
reading a book as an e-book, playing a video game, or watching a DVD, all of which can be done on a laptop.
Entertaining oneself can also be a marvelous way to pass the time on a long bus ride or flight. Hence, I posit that a laptop is the ultimate travel companion, whether for a short journey or an extended
voyage. Personal computer seems to solve many of the problems that arise from travel. 172. How can schools help new students with their problems?
When students move to a new school, they sometimes face problems. How can schools help these students with their problems? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer. 『分析』
以下是大学生刚刚入学可能遇到的问题：
留学生面临文化冲突
心理问题，比如想家，独立性不够……
不了解本地地理
不懂本地方言(广州)
学习方法不适应
面对众多选修课程不知所措
不懂得使用图书馆资源
如何提供帮助？
? 设置相应课程，辅导老师
? 举办相应活动
? 设置网站，FAQ列表
『范文』
Moving to a new school is often a traumatizing experience. The student must go through the sometimes
arduous process of making new friends, while attempting to keep up with school and keep in touch with old
friends. There are many ways in which the school could help ease this process.
In order to make new students feel less anxious about their new surroundings, it would be beneficial for the
school to start a welcoming committee. Such a committee would include students from all age levels, who are
particularly friendly. The committee would organize small events during lunch hours and after school to help the
new student feel at home. For example, the committee could organize a lunch followed by a tour of the playground.
This would allow the new student to make new friends.
Schools should also train teachers on how to properly deal with new students. The first thing the
teachers
should do is to attempt to seat the new student around others who will be a good influence on him/her. This is of
utmost importance, as a young student must be encouraged to socialize with smart, friendly students who have a
strong work ethic.
Furthermore, a teacher must ensure that the student has a firm grasp of all the topics being taught. It is
possible that the student's previous school taught different subject matter, or worked at a slower pace. The student
might need extra help to catch up with the rest of the students. Conversely, a new student might be more advanced
than the other students at his/her new school. If this is the case, the teacher must organize activities for the student
so he/she does not become disinterested in learning.
In sum, schools can greatly facilitate a student's arrival to their premises. By enlisting the help of the students
and properly instructing the teachers on how to deal with such situations, the student will feel welcome and at
home in his new environment.
173. Can borrowing money from a friend harm the friendship?
It is sometimes said that borrowing money from a friend can harm or damage the friendship. Do you
agree? Why or why not? Use reasons and specific examples to explain your answer.
『分析』
不同意比较好写一些(因为同意的话，显得心里阴暗)
? 确实，有些时候，借钱给朋友之后，朋友之间的关系不再那么单纯、友好了——在没有利益关系
存在的时候，友谊显得更美好；
? 然而，破坏友谊的不是借钱这件事情，是借债者的人格问题；
? 另外，借钱可能也是考验友谊的好机会。
『范文』
There is a popular saying that if you lend a book to a friend, you lose the book and the friend. Truer words have
never been spoken. Borrowing anything, especially money, can put a high level of stress on one's friendship, and is
usually not worth the pain.
The first reason why borrowing money from a friend is not a good idea is because if one forgets or does not
pay back the friend, the friendship could be lost. Everyone has a busy life, and it is easy to forget details. If one
borrows 100 yuan from a friend, he/she can easily forget about the situation, or perhaps even think he/she has
already paid back his/her friend when he/she didn't. This, of course, leads to trouble in the
relationship. The friend
does not know whether to ask for the money or not, as doing so could be conceived as rude.
The lender can only wait so long before he/she believes that the borrower has forgotten about the debt. At
this point, the lender will begin to ask the borrower for the money, which, as mentioned above, is an uncomfortable
situation. The lender does not want to have to ask for the money back, and the borrower does not want to be
reminded that he/she is indebted to someone.
Finally, asking a friend for money is a bad idea because it is possible he/she will refuse your request. For
example, if a poor person befriend a rich person, the poor man might ask his/her friend for money. If the rich person
would rather not lend out his/her money, he/she is put in the awkward situation of having to refuse his/her friend,
which could harm the friendship.
Overall, I think it is a terrible idea to borrow money from friends, or lend money if it is requested. While we
would like to think that our friendships are strong and true, in many cases, they are not. If you do lend money to a
friend, perhaps it is best not to expect to be repaid. By treating the situation like this, one will not be upset if a
friend does not return the money, and will have a pleasant surprise if the money is repaid. 174. How is your generation different from your parents' generation?
Every generation of people is different in important ways. How is your generation different from your
parents' generation? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.
『分析』
? 所受教育程度(过去大学生很少，现在大学生很普遍[163])
? 对于人生各个方面的态度，比如，金钱、婚姻、成功；
? 过去的人显得价值观单一，现在的人更加多元化(diversified)
? 现在的孩子更加早熟(Children tend to be more premature than their former counterparts )，主要原因是
随着媒体的发达，影响孩子的因素增多了。
『范文』
The world is changing and developing at a faster and faster rate all the time. Because of this, the difference
between children and their parents is becoming more pronounced with each new generation. In today's society,
there are many differences between the age groups.
When our parents were growing up, the world was filled with turmoil. They were born into a time of war,
and generally, lived through a very difficult era. Therefore, our parents are very careful to prevent accidents before
they happen, and never act spontaneously. Our parents are very careful with how they spend their money, and do
not spend much time relaxing. On the other hand, the current generation has grown up in a very safe, peaceful
environment. We do not spend our time worrying about the future; instead, our time is spent enjoying the present.
Second, our methods of entertainment are very different from our parents. Television, computers and the
Internet are relatively new inventions. Our parents did not have such luxuries when they were growing up.
Instead, they spent their free time outside, going on hikes around the city, or on bike rides. Today, most young
people spend their free time inside, either watching television or playing computer games. Outdoor activities are
usually saved for special occasions, such as trips outside the city.
The final way that today's generation is different from the previous one is seen in how we view change and
progress. As mentioned above, our parents do not enjoy living spontaneously. They like to have a set schedule, and
follow it every day. Young people, however, like their lives to be full of adventure. They enjoy searching out the
unknown. For example, many students spend copious amounts of time learning English so they can go abroad to a
foreign university. Many of our parents will not even get on an airplane to travel across China, not to mention
traveling to another continent!
In conclusion, I believe that children are vastly different from their parents in today's society. Young people
do not have to struggle to live; everything comes easily to them. The older generation, however, had a much more
difficult life. Such large differences in lifestyle have created a very wide generation gap. 175. Classes: teachers lecture or students do some of the talking?
Some students like classes where teachers lecture (do all of the talking) in class. Other students prefer
classes where the students do some of the talking. Which type of class do you prefer? Give specific
reasons and details to support your choice.
『分析』
先进行比较：各有各的好处：
? 只有教师一个人讲课的课堂：在保证教师质量的前提下，可以对某一专题进行更深入地分析；对
学生的素质要求低一些；
? 学生参与交谈的课堂：对学生的素质要求高一些；不适合学习深奥(profound)的课题； 至于选择，要看是什么样的科目。
『范文』
There are basically two types of classes in university, classes, i.e., where teachers lecture and where the
students do some of the talking. Both teaching and learning approaches are valuable and have their own relative
merits.
Classes that are dominated by teachers' lectures may benefits students in several ways. First of all, lectures
can communicate the intrinsic interest of the subject matter. The speaker can convey personal enthusiasm in a way
that no book or other media can. Enthusiasm stimulates interest, and it is an undeniable fact that interested,
stimulated people tend to learn more. Moreover, lectures in university settings can provide students with role
models of scholars in action. The professor's way of approaching knowledge can be demonstrated for students to
emulate. Furthermore, lectures can organize material in a special way. They may provide a faster, simpler method
of presenting information to an audience with its own special needs. Lectures are particularly useful for students
who read poorly or who are unable to organize print material.
On the other hand, lecture approaches also have some relevant weaknesses. For example, the lecture often
puts students in a passive rather than an active role. As is often the case, passivity can hinder learning. At the same
time, most lectures assume that all students are learning at the same pace and at the same level of understanding,
which is hardly ever true. Especially, Lectures place the burden of organizing and synthesizing content solely on
the lecturer. They are not well suited to higher levels of learning such as application, analysis, and synthesis.
Lectures require an effective speaker who can vary tone, pitch, and pace of delivery. Lecturers must be verbally
fluent, a skill that is not stressed nor learned in many Ph.D. programs and is usually distributed unevenly among
people. Lectures are therefore sometimes not well suited to complex, detailed, or abstract material. In summary, Lecturing is probably the oldest teaching method and remains the most common form of
instruction, despite the fact that some research has shown that lecturing is ineffective, especially if not combined
with some alternative style of teaching. In fact, Lecturing is very appropriate for some goals and very inappropriate
for others. And at the same time, the counterpart — the approach that allows students to participate discussions is
equally non-universal. Therefore, I can hardly simply say that I prefer either approach. I think the choice should
depend on circumstances including various factors such as the subject that is to learn, the depth that needs to explore,
the quality that the lecturer or the discussing group have.
176. If you could create a new holiday, what person or event would it honor and
how would you want people to celebrate it?
Holidays honor people or events. If you could create a new holiday, what person or event would it honor
and how would you want people to celebrate it? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
参见：[79]
『范文』
Holidays are an excellent way to allow societies to honor people or events that have helped their country or
the world. There are many things that deserve to be recognized in our culture, but there is one group of people that
is underappreciated in society today: inventors. If I were to create a new holiday, it would be to pay respect to these
important people and their creations.
Inventors are members of the most unappreciated profession in society today. Without inventors, all
civilizations would still be living in the stone age, with no running water, no electricity, and more generally, no
comforts. Many inventors create simple objects that do not seem that amazing, but upon closer inspection, one
realizes that all inventions contribute greatly to convenience. All societies should pay homage to these great
people by honoring them with a holiday.
The first way we could honor inventors is by opening exhibitions in galleries and museums dedicated to the
inventions of current and past inventors. Many people have no idea where the greatest inventions came from. By
displaying the life work of inventors, people will gain a new appreciation for them. This would also be a learning
experience for the public, as they could see what current inventors are working on, and get excited about the
upcoming progresses in society.
We could also honor inventors by having a school day dedicated to inventions. It is important to encourage
school-aged children to use their imagination to come up with inventions of their own. The school system is
excellent in China, but it does not promote free thinking. Children need to be given the opportunity to discover
new creations on their own. By having a day dedicated to this, young people would become more interested in the
manufacturing of new products and ideas.
So, I believe that inventors deserve their own holiday. They have provided society with so much comfort and
convenience. By honoring inventors, we will show them how much we appreciate their efforts, as well as
encourage our children to come up with new ideas of their own.
177. The advice you would give your friend on how to use his or her money
A friend of yours has received some money and plans to use all of it either
? to go on vacation
? to buy a car
Your friend has asked you for advice. Compare your friend's two choices and explain which one you
think your friend should choose. Use specific reasons and details to support your choice. 『分析』
选择买车可能更好写一些，因为[36]、[70]、[106]都写过关于automobile的话题；并且，有了汽车，将来旅
行就更方便了。
『范文』
Receiving money is always an unexpected delight. Making the decision of how to spend this money is always
a difficult choice. What it comes down to, however, is the individual's personal preferences, lifestyle, and
priorities. If one of my friends has to choose between buying a car and going on vacation, I would carefully
consider their lifestyle and advise them based on their wants and needs.
Living in a city can be a very high-paced, stressful way to live. Having a car would bring many conveniences
that would make the experience much more enjoyable. First and foremost, a car can get you around the city very
quickly and directly. This would be an important factor if my friend goes to school or works far away from home.
Second, a car offers privacy. If my friend does not enjoy public places, then a car would be an excellent option.
Cars also have their disadvantages. A car has many additional costs beyond the initial expense of buying one. One
must pay for insurance, gasoline, and any incidental fees such as repairs. If my friend does not have a lot of extra
money besides his/her inheritance, a car may not be the best option.
A vacation is also an excellent decision. If my friend works at a high-stress job, then a vacation is sometimes
the only way to relax and forget about one's worries in the work world. Vacations to faraway lands can give a
person more perspective on the world, and can also provide excellent memories. However, vacations always have
to end, and one must return to his/her everyday life.
Therefore, I think that if my friend lives far away from his/her work or school and has a little bit of extra
money, then a car would be the best option. However, if he/she lives near his/her work and holds a high-stress
position, I would suggest that a vacation would be a better option. As mentioned above, how we spend our money
is a very personal decision, based on one's own priorities. In the end, only my friend can decide what is best for
him/her.
178. What changes the 21st century will bring?
The 21st century has begun. What changes do you think this new century will bring? Use examples and
details in your answer.
参见：[159]
『范文』
Technology is being developed at an unprecedented speed. The 21st century is bound to be very different
from the previous one, as we can expect that the speed at which new technologies are invented and expanded upon
will continue to increase. I believe that the major changes that we will see in this century will be found in
environmental issues, health issues and knowledge access.
The situation of the environment in today's society is precarious at best. The world is continuing to build new
and more wasteful production plants, filling the atmosphere with poisonous gases. There are many environmental
scientists working to create new ways of cleaning our air. I believe that these technologies will apex in the 21st
century, thus solving the world's pollution problem. In addition to this, I also believe that we will come up with
new, less dangerous methods of producing the goods we have come to depend on.
Many new diseases have been discovered in the last fifty years. AIDS and SARS are excellent examples of this
terrible fact, and alone, these two viruses have killed a large number of people. Cancer and heart disease have also
become much more widespread in the last hundred years, shortening the lifespan of millions of people. Doctors are
working all over the world in hopes of eradicating these diseases. Every day they come one step closer to finding
cures to all of the above-mentioned ailments, and many others.
Moreover, our ability to access knowledge will become much more advanced in this century. More
and more
countries are getting "plugged in" to the Internet, and are adding their information to the vast collection of
knowledge already found on this medium. The sharing of knowledge will also help to increase literacy around the
world. People will be more interested in having this skill if it means they can have better, more efficient means of
communicating.
In conclusion, I am very optimistic about the changes that will come during this century. Environmental
issues will cease to be a problem, people will be able to live longer, richer lives with the eradication of diseases, and
more people will be able to share knowledge due to the advancement of the Internet. Everyone has good reason to
be excited in this fast-paced, evolving time.
179. What makes a good parent?
What are some of the qualities of a good parent? Use specific details and examples to explain your answer.
参见：[15]
『范文』
Being a parent is the oldest job in existence. Even in the time of the cavemen, it was important to be a good
parent. What it means to be a good parent has evolved greatly over the years. In today's society, however, I believe
that there are three important characteristics that indicate whether a person is a good parent or not. The first of these traits is the capacity for love. Children must feel loved by their parents if they are going to
grow into well-developed, stable adults. Children who grow up in a house filled with love are relaxed and
peaceful, and do not cause trouble. These children demonstrate good social skills, and are usually well-liked by
others. In contrast, it has been shown that children who grow up in unloving families are anxious and
mean-spirited.
Trust is also very important for a child's development. If a parent is always prying into a child's privacy, the
child will think he/she is doing something wrong to deserve such mistrust. This leads to the child hiding things from
the parent, which therefore leads to dishonesty. Also, trust leads to independence. When children are trusted, they
feel more pressure to keep that trust, and therefore act honestly. They will make wise decisions, which will allow
them to grow into independent adults.
It is also of utmost importance for a parent to have a well-developed sense of responsibility. A
parent must be
able to be present for the child twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. The parent must organize everything
for a child, especially one under the age of ten. This requires careful planning and multi-tasking. If a person is
ready to become a parent, they must be ready for all of these added responsibilities.
In conclusion, a good parent has a large capacity for love, is trusting, and must be very responsible. Without
these key attributes, the child will suffer and grow into a dysfunctional adult. One must take the job of parenting
very seriously to ensure the child's healthy development. By harnessing the above-mentioned qualities, parents will
ensure that their child will be the best they can be.
180. Why movies are so popular all over the world?
Movies are popular all over the world. Explain why movies are so popular. Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
『分析』
人们喜欢电影是因为：
? 电影能够满足人们的幻想
? 电影能使满足人们的好奇(了解其他国家的很多事情[183])
? 电影是最经济的娱乐手段(金钱上、精力上[127])
参见：范文
相关题目：[127]、[183]
『范文』
One of the most popular pastimes today is movie-going. With what started as moving-picture shows has
dramatically developed into an industry that spends millions upon millions of dollars while still turning a gigantic
profit.
Movies are so popular because they are the most fascinating and easiest escape means from increasing
pressure, which comes from family, school, working place, society, and so many other directions. Combined with
acoustic and visual effect, movies are definitely more appealing for audiences who have exhausted themselves in
the real world than are those printed novels. It must have been much easier to see a movie than to read a novel,
since all the audience should do is simply to sit there in a soft chair in the dark about 150 minutes. Captured,
involved, the audience in a movie theater will forget everything but the story in action on the screen.
Movies have magic power to let people immerse themselves in fiction. The point is that almost everyone long
for the power of snapping his/her fingers and seeing his/her wishes and dreams instantly granted.
Everyone long
for eternity of love, many idealize about it but now in the theater it's time to "feel" it. Every move the character
makes, every breath the character takes, all seem to happen around, and clearly sensible. On the screen, no entire
life needed, movies illustrate all aspects of love we can imagine: all aspects of love, from the mushy warm and
fuzzy feelings we feel with our children and companion animals, to platonic love we have with friends and
acquaintances, to the romantic soul mate kind of love, to the agape kind of unconditional love, it's the full gamut.
Dramas are created in order for us to play out different sides of ourselves.
In short, movies are so popular because many can escape into the world of fantasy and live vicariously
through the characters and in doing so, work out different feelings and emotions that they may not have the
opportunity to do in their "normal" lives.
181. Land In your country: needs to be left in its natural condition or needs to be
developed?
In your country, is there more need for land to be left in its natural condition or is there more need for land
to be developed for housing and industry? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
注意，根据题目要求，一定要结合我们国家的情况去说。中国人口密度很高，所以，我们选择后者应该更
容易写一些。
? 中国解决住房的需求(要地，也要资本)
? 发展工业能够解决资本问题
? 发展工业，也能解决失业问题，进一步繁荣经济
『范文』
With a population accounting nearly for one quarter of the world population, my country, China, has been
suffering from serious loss of arable land, which now hardly accounts for 7% of overall arable land of the world.
Yet some people simply do not realize that land loss is so crucial that we one day might incapable of averting that
catastrophe if we now close our eyes to it.
Industrial development without careful consideration regarding land preservation has caused problems more
serious than people can ever imagine. Take the great Three Gorges dam for example, which will be put into
operation next year. While the country benefits from gargantuan potential of electricity generation, we have to face
up to various environmental conservation issues concerning geological and ecological
environment along both
river sides and whole upper reaches. The professional designers of the great dam now have to work out a practical
way to prevent and remedy pollution effectively, which has already been the focus of world attention.
After the entrance of the WTO, industry development is more and more important for our country, yet we
should be careful about the pollution which is inevitably caused by industry. Recent surveys have shown that refuse
treatment engineering is not well financed in China, while attentions are drawn to those much more obvious
achievements. Industrial pollution accidents occur far more frequently in our still developing country than in other
more advanced countries. Urban population also produce astoundingly large amount of pollution. Today the
alleged white pollution is creeping all over the country—people throw plastic bags, films everywhere, never
feeling anything wrong.
We no doubt need land either for natural condition or for industry, and it seems we need more if possible.
Nevertheless, we live in a world where everything has its cost, and some day in the future, I believe, we will
inescapably pay for what we have ignored.
182. Should pets be treated as family members?
Many people have a close relationship with their pets. These people treat their birds, cats, or other animals as members of their family. In your opinion, are such relationships good? Why or why not? Use
specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
与宠物非常亲密，有好处，也有不好的地方。
? 好处：不寂寞；每个人都有爱心；闲暇时间有心理寄托(spiritual/psychological sustenance)； ? 缺点：人会变得孤僻；脏；宠物可能传染病毒
『范文』
Throughout history, animals have always been great companions to man. In today's society, we frequently treat
our pets as members of family, nursing them when they are sick, and playing with them when they are well. I
believe that the relationships that people have with their pets are healthy for many reasons.
Firstly, animals provide companionship for people who are too old to maintain regular friendships. It is most
common for one spouse to outlive the other. Frequently, the surviving spouse does not remarry, and eventually, all
his or her friends die. When one is elderly, it is difficult to make new friends. In this type of
situation, having a pet
as a companion is greatly preferable to spending all of one's time alone. While a pet cannot speak, it can
understand its master's emotions, and usually responds accordingly.
Secondly, animals have been proven to reduce their master's stress. This is probably because an animal is
always happy to see its master, and gives the master unconditional love. As long as the master is kind to his/her pet,
the pet will be devoted and faithful. A pet also provides a friendly face after a stressful day. For example, I have a
pet dog. After taking an exam, the only thing I want to do is go home and play with my dog. He always brings me
much needed cheer and happiness.
Lastly, having an animal can prepare a young couple for having children. A young animal is very difficult to
take care of. Let us take the example of a puppy. One can never leave a puppy by itself. A puppy must be
constantly taken care of; he must be toilet-trained and disciplined. Raising an animal to be happy and sociable is
very much like raising a child to possess the same attributes. While a puppy is obviously easier to take care of than
a child, it can show the prospective parents where some of the difficulties will lie when raising a baby.
In conclusion, I think having a very close relationship with a pet is healthy. Having a pet can reduce
loneliness, stress, and prepare one for the huge experience of having a child. Pets are often referred to as man's best
friend, and for good reason.
183. What have you learned about a country from watching its movies?
Films can tell us a lot about the country where they were made. What have you learned about a country from watching its movies? Use specific examples and details to support your response. 『分析』
通过电影可以了解一个国家的
? 经济、科技
? 风俗、习惯
? 历史、文化
? 价值观念 ……
相关题目：[82]、[180]
『范文』
One of the favorite pastimes of people today is watching movies. Movies can teach us a great amount about
the world, especially if we watch movies from another culture. When watching a foreign movie, we can learn
about the landscape and scenery of the country, the country's ethics and customs, and its historical
events.
The world is a great and varied place, from the immense mountains of the Himalayas to the deserts of
America. By watching movies, one can gain insight as to what these beautiful places are like. For example, I
recently watched a number of movies filmed in America. I learned about the beautiful beaches of California,
national parks such as Yellowstone and Niagara Falls, as well as man-made wonders such as the Statue of Liberty,
Mount Rushmore, and the Golden Gate Bridge. Watching foreign movies is an excellent way to deduce where one
wants to travel, if he/she has such an opportunity.
Watching movies also teaches us about a country's ethics and customs. For example, while watching
American movies, I learned that children do not show as much respect to their parents as we do here in China. In
some cases, children were very disrespectful of their elders, and ignored their wishes outright. I was shocked by
this behavior. To give another example, I also learned about table manners in America, which are quite different
from the rules we follow in China.
Furthermore, one can learn about a country's history by watching films. For instance, there are many movies
that have been made about the wars in America, such as Gone With the Wind. Movies such as this show foreign
viewers why America is the free and independent society that it is today.
Hence, watching foreign movies is an excellent way to learn about faraway lands. One can learn about the
landscape of a place, about its culture, as well as its history. Perhaps schools should consider watching foreign
movies in classes to provoke interest from the students about such lands.
184. Study alone or with a group of students?
Some students prefer to study alone. Others prefer to study with a group of students. Which do you
prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
『分析』
可以采取it depends的策略，要看学什么科目。
? 有的科目，自己有足够的自学能力，就单独学，可以进一步提高自己的学习能力； ? 而有些刚刚入门的科目，往往需要别人的帮助，所以喜欢跟同学们一起学习。 也可以采取先比较，后选择的方法。
? 自己学习：安静；有效率；制定计划更容易；提高自学能力；本质上，学习靠自己；但是有时自
己可能解决不了问题；也可能使自己变得孤立……
? 与大家一起学：可以向更优秀的学生求助；帮助别人解答问题也会使自己对问题的了解更
深刻；
与同学们保持良好的关系；但是也可能因为某些人浪费时间，缺乏效率……
『范文』
Each and every student has his/her own preference for study. Some prefer to study alone, while others prefer to
study with a group of students. Both methods have their own relative merits.
While alone, the focus of study can be easily kept, with little distraction which always accompanies a group
of students. And at the same time, while references are adequate, to study alone is not only possible but it is also
helpful to cultivate the ability to solve problems, and furthermore enhance one's independence. Moreover, by
keeping focus and developing independence, students become more and more competitive, which is often deemed as
a necessary quality.
When learning with a group, discussing and debating become possible, which usually develop a perfect
environment to develop critical thinking skills, and where many problems can even be solved unconsciously.
While references are not easily accessible, and students' knowledge varies from one to another, they can
complement each other, and therefore save much time and energy. Furthermore, learning with a group
simultaneously cultivates students' good sense of cooperation, which is usually considered as an essential virtue.
As of me, my preference depends on what subject I am learning or the phase in which I am. Different subjects
may bring different choices. For example, if I was practicing piano, I'd better practice alone. If I was doing
physical experiments, team work is always needed. Different phases also make choices different. Suppose I was
learning a foreign language. If I was practicing my basic pronunciation, I'd better learn by myself. For an adult
learner, a tape recorder is fairly adequate. But if I were to practice my spoken skills, to study alone would be a
poor choice. I should look for or create an opportunity to learn with a group, therefore learn more effectively.
185. Buy a house or a business?
You have enough money to purchase either a house or a business. Which would you choose to buy?
Give specific reasons to explain your choice.
『分析』
不要被"enough"所迷惑了，这是一个很含混(highly ambiguous)的词。可以采取it depends的策略，要看钱的
数量是多少。
? 10万：买不了什么好房子，所以去做生意
? 20万：用5万付首期(the first installment)，用剩下的做生意
? 50万：买一栋30万的房子，剩下的钱做生意
? 100万：买一栋50万的房子，剩下的钱用来慢慢享受
也可以直接选一个，然后说出理由。
? 买房子：可以用来孝敬父母；可以让全家享受；而且会增值；很少的风险。
? 做生意：可以锻炼能力；运营得好的话可以赚很多钱，能买更好的房子；但是风险很大。 『范文』
Choosing whether to buy a house or a business with saved money is a huge decision to make. There are
many benefits to both of choices; however, I think that if I had enough money to buy one or the other, I would
choose to buy a house.
When one buys a business, he/she is required to spend long, hard hours to ensure that the business is a
success. Starting a business is no easy task, and statistics state that half of new businesses fail within the first year.
If one buys a house instead of a business, there is nothing that can fail. A house sometimes requires repairs, but
usually such repairs can be done on one's own schedule.
A house is also an excellent investment. With the world population rising as quickly as it is, it is a very good
idea to become a property owner. In the coming years, land will become more and more expensive, and therefore
less attainable. Also, if one buys a house, it is likely that he/she will be able to sell it at a reasonable profit in the
future. Providing for one's family is very important, and a house is a stable investment for a family.
Finally, owning a house is a good idea because it saves you from giving someone else money every month
for your rent. Usually, when one buys a house, he/she has a mortgage that he/she must pay off in the coming years.
In most cases, the mortgage costs approximately the same amount of money as renting an apartment. It makes
much more sense to pay for your own home, rather than adding to the wealth of someone else. In conclusion, I think it is a far better idea to buy a house rather than a business. A house requires less work,
it is an excellent investment, and it allows you to keep your money by spending it on your own assets, rather than
someone else's. In addition to these reasons, you can also rent out your house to someone else, thus creating an
extra source of income for yourself.
附录一 185 话题按关键词分类
Advertisement: 082,145;
Build: 005,016,025,026,030,079,113;
Characteristics & qualities: 015,018,022,046,062,093,103,121,179;
Child: 020,060,061,066,076,112,114,130,133,134,142,150,166;
Class: 014,075,175;
Communication: 049,088,160;
Computer: 073,100,157,167;
Decision: 055,061,120,158;
Dormitory: 099,105;
Education: 001,002,004,014,017,020,038,039,061,066,068,069,072,073,075,076, 077,107,108,112,114,124,125,128,130,134,137,142,143,168,172,175;
Celebrities: 028,079,089,090,091,158,162;
Food: 003,013;
Friendship: 062,110,111,117,173;
Game: 136,148;
Government: 019,095,100,113;
Humanity vs. science: 104,124,125,129;
Life: 003,009,013,021,031,036,054,059,092,096,148;
Media: 007,008,028,057,082,145,150,180,183;
Money: 011,019,032,033,048,053,056,071,095,097,100,131,147,162,167,173,177,185; Neighborhood: 005,006,015,016,025,026,030,052,079,113;
Personal philosophy: 027,040,054,055,059,060,063,071,101,109,110,115,116,118, 121,122,123,126,133,136,138,140,144,146,148,158,164,184;
Social problem: 023,029,034,037,041,058,065,072,095,097,100,104,
135,150,153,154,162,168,174,181,182;
Teachers: 002,017,068,102,175;
Technology: 036,054,039,070,073,081,083,084,088,150,157;
Television: 007,008,028,035,150,157;
Time: 071,110,111,115,146;
Travel: 044,074,106;
University: 001,011,014,093,099,105,107,113,129;
Work & success: 010,027,040,042,047,048,050,051,053,064,067,078,131;
Not listed above: 012,024,043,045,084,085,086,087,094,098,119,132,139, 141, 149,151,152,155,156,159,161,163,165,169,170,171,176,178.
附录二 独立部分作文笔记（原创）
一．TWE 评分过程
（1）不必在意的四件事——破除原有误解
①不必在意英语和美语的差异；
②不必在意口语与书面语的差异；
③不必在意任何文化差异；
④不必在意语言是否地道。
（2）6 分评分标准
Readers should focus on what the examinee does well.
Scores6 Demonstrates clear competence in writing on both the rhetorical and syntactic levels,
though it may have occasional errors.
A paper in this category
––effectively addresses the writing task
––is well organized and well developed
––uses clearly appropriate details to support a thesis or illustrate ideas
––displays consistent facility in the use of language
––demonstrates syntactic variety and appropriate word choice
二．评分标准的分析
评分标准一：effectively addresses the writing task
（1）简单说明文（Explanation）
（I）Background Information，Thesis Statement——1 段
（II）Supporting——2-3 段。例：
21. In general, people are living longer now. Discuss the causes of this phenomenon. Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.
Supporting：A、食物改善；B、技术进步；C、社会和经济环境的稳定。
Topic Sentence：Among various factors that have made people live longer are A, B and C. ①A is very important factor.
粗粮、细粮，肉食，牛奶，水质（自来水、矿泉水）……
②Equally important is B.
医疗技术使很多过去的绝症轻易获得治疗，如百日咳，肺结核等。
③Matching A and B is another essential factor, C.
战争，社会动荡，经济动荡都会影响人们的寿命。
主题句的写法：
①尽量不要只使用抽象名词；
②尽量暗示文章将来结构，主题句写好了可以没有结论句；
③主题句应该值得解释、值得证明。
（2）对比、对照（Compare & Contrast）
（I）Background Information
（II）Compare & Contrast
√ √
√ A √
√
×
Or
A
√
B √
× ×
B × ×
×
√
B
×
A ×
（III）Topic Sentence / Conclusion
（3）立论文（Argumentation）
①本身有争议；
③不能用right/wrong 来修饰，而是who is more reasonable.
例：
41. Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
立场：反对盲目地保护濒临灭绝动物。
（I）Background Information
（II）Supporting ×
×
×
（III）Rebuttal 驳证——选择一个对立立场辩驳（最重要的部分）
beautiful？
necessary？
money？
（IV）Topic Sentence
审题立论的注意事项：
①以读者为导向；②想好了再写；③说服读者而不仅是表达；④顺序很重要；⑤结论不重要。 评分标准二：is well organized and well developed
1、元素排列
（1）二分法：①简单→复杂；②已知→未知；③次要→重要（说明说服为目的）。
（2）逻辑关系：①并列；②递进；③转折。
有力模式：
有力模式I 有力模式II 有力模式III
A
↓ 并列 递进 转折
B ↓ ↓ ↓
↓ 递进 转折 递进
C
例：
43. Why do you think some people are attracted to dangerous sports or other dangerous activities? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
先想一个例子，在按照有力模式的构成去思考其他例子。本例采有力模式II。
（1）the drive of money…………………（material）
①特技演员（stunt man）；
②Photography； 正面
③Law breaker。
递进→（2）the desire pursuer happiness.（spiritual）
人的本性对危险的追求
转折→（3）无知（ignorance）…………………………………………负面
评分标准三：uses clearly appropriate details to support a thesis or illustrate ideas
一个反例——讲义P156。
教训：（1）不仅要列大纲，还要落实具体细节，然后查字典。前两步用平时使用的、朴素的、没有修饰的
中文完成。
中文 英文 英文解释
…… …… …………
…… …… …………
…… …… …………
（2）考场上在表达时永不轻言放弃。一旦忘记例子，千方百计解
释清楚。
解释方法：中文，同位语从句+定语从句
评分标准四：displays consistent facility in the use of language
思维贫乏的人才会用华丽的辞藻。
评分标准五：demonstrates syntactic variety and appropriate
word choice
逻辑思维
语言文字
三．185 题库的处理
压缩题库：TWE 写作的准备是系统工程，考验资源整合能力。
1、相关题目归类整理材料，整合论点。
㈠86→89→90→91；
㈡6→52→141（因此52 选择why 而不是how）→165evironment
例：
52. What change would make your hometown more appealing to people your age?
Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
Among diverse aspects that I want to change about my hometown is its environment.
→（why & how？此处选why）
①A good environment will make people happier. （100 words）
②A nice environment will make people healthier. （100 words）
③A perfect environment will make people more productive. （100 words）
Topic Sentence：TS, the improvement of which will make people happier, healthier, and even more productive. （主题句应当尽量暗示文章未来结构）
㈢36→70
例：
70. Some people think that the automobile has improved modern life. Others think that the automobile has caused serious problems. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
主题句应当值得解释、值得证明，故：
①汽车之类现代交通工具使市场上商品数量增多，方便流通；
②使商品价格降低；（运输成本降低，同种商品种类增加、竞争加剧）
③甚至，汽车交通工具对我国妇女地位独立有很大帮助。
最初想到：convenient & efficient，不值得解释、证明；
进一步问：so what？→人们活动范围增加，但仍不够；
进一步问：so what？→商品的活动范围增加→商品数量增加
因此，多想几步即可得到有效结论。
㈣15→18→46→179→93→62→103，基于ETS 出题的人群普适性和文化普适性。 ①To be a good _____ , one should have the intelligence.
happier, healthier, ②To be a good _____ , one should be humor. more productive
③To be a good _____ , one should be reliable.
理由、例子、思路的反复运用。
2、一些用母语都难写的题目的处理。
（1）最好不要同意的。
往往是一些绝对的立场，观点要从绝对词出发。选反对或中间模式。
例：
37. Do you agree or disagree that progress is always good? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
本例选中间模式，组织采有力模式III。方法是修正部分绝对化的表达和词汇。 ①It’s true that progress is usually good.如交通、沟通、书写工具。
②However, it’s hardly true that progress is always good.
③In fact, progress in itself is nether good or bad. 技术的运用在人不再技术本身。 例：
53. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important aspect of a job is the money a person earns. Use specific reasons and examples
不能同意。绝对词：the most important。其他重要原因如stability。
例：
54. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One should never judge a person by external appearances. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
①确实有时会犯错；
②但有时也确实可以根据外表得到信息，如判断诚信；
③甚至，有时必须通过外表判断一个人。
（2）最好同意的。
没有绝对词，而且往往还有想关限定词。
例：
27. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should sometimes do things that they do not enjoy doing. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
两种分类：喜欢的/不喜欢的；有益成功的/无益成功的。需要做不喜欢但有益成功的。 另外的例子还有63、42 题等。
（3）只能反对的。
主要有第8、88、119、120 题。
分析方法：How come they have such an opinion? 即A→B 的因果关系是否过分简单化？ ①A 不见得是B 的理由；
②A 不见得是B 的唯一理由；
③A 不见得是B 最重要的理由。
例：
8. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has destroyed
communication among friends and family. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. It’s true that people attend to spend lots
① of time in watching television.
②It’s also true that people spend less time in communication.
③However, it’s hardly true that television destroyed people’s communication.
④再写一个真正的理由，如工作压力、经济压力等：
It’s working stress rather than television…
例：
88. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Telephones and email have made communication between people less personal. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
Personal 有两种理解：①亲密；②个性化。只要前后理解一贯即可。
相比第8 题，可以忽略前3 点而扩张第4 点，如沟通成本的降低。
例：
119. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People behave
differently when they wear different clothes. Do you agree that different clothes
influence the way people behave? Use specific examples to support your answer.
①有时候会影响人们的行为。服装影响心理；服装影响他人对你的态度。
②然而，服装不必然影响人们行为。
③什么是最重要的理由，如价值观（value system）。
例：
120. Decisions can be made quickly, or they can be made after careful thought. Do
you agree or disagree with the following statement? The decisions that people
make quickly are always wrong. Use reasons and specific examples to support
your opinion.
①通常迅速作出的决定是错误的；
②不是生活当中每一个决定都是值得认真思考的；
③甚至很多人就是擅长短时间内作出正确决定。
（4）不能同意也不能反对的。It depends.
例：
20. It is better for children to grow up in the countryside than in a big city. Do you
agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to develop your essay.
5 岁之前，最重要的是家庭内部环境；
It depends the child’s age. 小学时，乡村更好一些；
高中时，城里更好一些。
慎用I think…，in my opinion 等词组：①是废话；②不要站在读者对立面。
只有当你确知有不同观点时才可使用，然后必须用细节支持，如本文。
例：
It depends the money you earn.
2000/月，想存也impossible；
20000/月，基本花不完；
200000/月，花掉。
32. Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save your
money for some time in the future? Use specific reasons and examples to support
your opinion.
例：
35. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Attending a live
performance (for example, a play, concert, or sporting event) is more enjoyable
than watching the same event on television. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
要看是什么演出，不同情况作不同选择。
例：
49. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Face-to-face
communication is better than other types of communication, such as letters, email, or telephone calls. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
要看与谁沟通，老板、顾客、同事等均不同。
五．TWE 考试的准备
1、改写阶段。挑5-10 篇话题不重复的范文进行改写。
①改词。
②改句：简单句、并列句互改；句子成分、从句互改；正常语序，倒装互改。 ③换一种说法。
④换个理由，换个例子。
改写的顺序：上午写，下午改，晚上背，第二天默。
2、创作阶段。写5-10 篇。
不限时完成，借助一切可以借助的力量。顺序与第一阶段相同。注重句法、时态等。
3、冲刺阶段。写5-10 篇。
限时25 分钟完成，最好早上9:00 写。下午用大量时间改写、背，第二天默写。 附录三 句法多样性专题(Syntactic Variety)
1. 并列
a) 并列大量名词: n1, n2, n3, …, and nn
i. A, B, C, … and other Xs…
ii. X, such [Y] as A, B, C…, …
History, philosophy, fundamental mathematics/calculus, and other abstract subjects have to be learned from books, or primarily from books.
Some knowledge, such abstract subjects as history, philosophy, fundamental
mathematics/calculus, has to be learned from books, or primarily from books.
It is necessary for everyone to read imaginative literature, such as poetry, novels, or mythology.
It is necessary for everyone to read poetry and other types of imaginative literature such as novels and mythology.
1. 并列
b) 并列名词性成份: n. + what/how/whether/if… [并列复杂句]
i. what = something that
ii. how = the way/manner in which
Most parents educate their children merely by instinct rather than by proper pedagogy, and usually do not care about their relationship with children and how such neglect influences the future development of their children.
Most students are eager to obtain knowledge, but they lack the sense of what is good, or what is necessary and how such a deficiency in the concept of viewing the situation as a whole would mislead them.
1. 并列
c) 并列形容词性成份
i. a1 and a2 + n
ii. a1 + yet/but + a2 + n
iii. a1, a2 + n + that…
iv. a1, a2, so a3 that/as to…
a small town a small and peaceful town
a good teacher a good and very impressive teacher
a stupid decision a stupid and incorrigible decision
…
simple yet effective method
a direct and simple yet magically effective method
an irrational yet understandable decision
a fair and balance, yet undesirable decision
obvious yet not the most significant reason
expensive yet worthy course
slow yet indispensable process
A weird, entertaining, yet TRUE story....
All adult birds molt their feathers at least once a year, and upon close observation, one can recognize the frayed, ragged appearance of feathers that are nearing the end of their useful life.
[T0105-P02-L3]
Most students can hardly stand for his typically dry and dull lectures that would normally continue at least several quarters without giving any essential information.
The impact that technology has had on our daily life and society in general, is undeniable. It will become even greater as computers get faster, smaller, smarter, and so
inexpensive that virtually everyone will be able to own one.
A class led by a lethargic teacher could be extremely dull, dry, and so boring that drives everybody in the class into sleep.
Learning in essence is a process that is time-consuming, painstaking, and so hard that virtually only persistent few can finally have a sense of real achievement.
1. 并列
d) 并列副词性成份
i. ad1 and ad2
ii. ad1 + yet/but + ad2
iii. ad1, ad2, prep.
iv. ad1, ad2, so ad3 that/as to…
A conscientious teacher always prepares his lecture carefully, intelligently, and with the full consideration of all possible aspects concerning the subject.
1. 并列
e) 并列动词
i. 并列动词
a) …v1…, v2-ing…, v3-ing…
ii. 并列句子
b) …, and therefore/thus/consequently/subsequently…
c) not only/simply/merely… but also/…as well/even…
d) neither… nor…
e) not that… but that…
f) 并列从句: … that…, and that…[并列复杂句]
iii. that 引导的宾语从句
iv. that 引导的定语从句
v. that 引导的主语从句
An absent-minded teacher lacks drive to make class intensely focused, often preparing nothing in advance, wandering among random topics, thus wasting and killing times of industrial students.
主语相同的两个句子并列，―and‖对应的中文应该是―也‖。
Books keep records of thoughts and ideas, and are the major source from which people obtain knowledge.
书本记录着思想和理念，也．是人们获取知识的主要来源。
therefore
2. …, and thus …
consequently
subsequently
as such
Books keep records of thoughts and ideas, and are therefore the major source from
which people obtain knowledge.
书本记录着思想和理念，所．以．也．是人们获取知识的主要来源。
History has to be vague and ambiguous, and is therefore/thus so interesting that many are obsessed, because people always cannot help trying to know the truth.
历史必然模糊含混，也正是如此，它才那样有趣以至于很多人都被深深的吸引，因为人们总 是忍不住要追寻真理。
Chinese children unfortunately have few rights to make their own decisions, and
subsequently often have to do things that they do not enjoy doing at all.
很不幸孩子们很少有自作主张的权利，也因此常常只能去做自己不喜欢做的事情。 Modern vehicles have extended the range of people’s activity, and thus made much more goods available to local markets.
现代交通工具延伸了人们活动的范围，也因此使市场上的商品数量增加了。
It is the nature of human that determines that people tend to trust themselves rather than others, and consequently they often misguide by their own feelings rather than reasons.
这是人性所决定的：人们倾向于相信自己而不是相信别人，也因此常常被自己的感觉所误导， 而不是遵循理智。
Computers have not only brought convenience, but they have also made people learn more.
A perfect environment will not only make people happier and healthier, but it will even make people more productive.
Modern transportation vehicles such as automobiles have not only made more goods
available in the local markets, but they have also lowered the price of the products in the markets.
3. 元素并列的其他手段
肯定句: also; as well; too; equally; of equal importance…
否定句: either, neither; nor
A good environment will make people happier.
A nice environment will also make people healthier.
A poor environment will not make people happier.
A bad environment will not make people healthier either.
或
Nor a bad environment will make people healthier.
4. not… but
计算机不仅给人们带来了方便，还是人们学得更多。
Computers have not only brought convenience, but they have also made people learn more. 补充: 分割效果
1) 主语和谓语动词之间
2) 助动词和实意动词之间
3) 系动词和表语之间
only also…
not simply but … as well.
merely even…
not that… but that…
Not that emails or telephones have made people less personal, but that people
themselves have become less personal. One of several possible reasons is that people usually lack of adequate communicating skills.
A good environment will make people happier.
A nice environment will make people healthier as well.
A perfect environment will not only make people happier and healthier, but it will even make them more productive.
2. 重复成分
a) 重复形容词
iii. … a. …, so a. that/as to…
b) 重复名词
iv. … n., n that…
In fact, history is interesting, so interesting that many are obsessed by it, because people always cannot help knowing the truth.
Parents or other adults often give merely a casual answer to a serious question from a curious child, an answer that makes no sense at all, and might have unforeseeable negative consequence in the future.
3. 从句
a) whether/if/what/how 做宾语
a) when/whenever; while + -ing/-ed
b) if/whether + adj.
c) what/how/when/where + to…
d) …, n + of + which…
深入研究转折
1. 形容词的转折并列
simple yet effective method
a simple, direct, practical yet magically effective method
irrational yet understandable decision
a fair and balance, yet undesirable decision
obvious yet not the most significant reason
expensive yet worthy course
slow yet indispensable process
A weird, entertaining, yet TRUE story....
2. 包装（反复取非）
History is useful.
History is not useful.
It is commonly believed that history is not useful. However, this is a prevailing misunderstanding.
Hypocrites lie.
Hypocrites do not tell the truth.
Hypocrites do tell the truth when and only when they have convinced that by doing so they can benefit.
Hypocrites have many forms, but they have one thing in common: Hypocrites do tell the truth when and only when they have convinced that by doing so they can benefit. Although most people were hostile to the hypocritical behaviors, and believe
profoundly in the sacredness of truth and the inviolable freedom of those who dare to tell the truth, they often betray their principle, dignity, and in effect become accompanies of other hypocrites. Hypocrites have many forms, but always have one thing in common: they essentially have no principle at all. They tell the truth when and only when they feel the truth is on their side, otherwise they would refuse rather than accept the truth, or remain silence even choose to lie for the sake of their own safety if they find they are threatened, even when that threat is at most potential.
It’s fortunate that our society always has a small portion of citizens who always try
to insist their principles and struggle to defend even when tremendous cost is anticipated. When nearly everyone in this society had learnt to remain silence, Doctor Jiang Yan Yong stood out and shouted the truth about SARS. When nobody in this country is not afraid of AIDS, Doctor Gao Yao Jie is rushing around to help the helpless. When most people in this country believe money is everything, and should be made by whatever means is possible, Zhou Li Tai, as a lawyer, is persistently fighting for the weakest group who might be incapable of paying his consultant fee.
附录四 例证表达法
大家最熟悉的当然是 "for example" 和 "for instance" 了。这两个表达
法后面可以接名词性成分或者句子。还可以说 "take … for example" ，比 如： "Let's take an extreme case for example. …"
用来修饰 "example" 的形容词很多， 应该熟练掌握：
characteristic; classic; prime; representative; typical | excellent; fine;
good; impressive; magnificent; outstanding; perfect; superb; wonderful
| fascinating; interesting; intriguing; notable; remarkable; striking;
graphic; vivid; dramatic; extreme; spectacular; clear; obvious; simple;
straightforward; blatant; flagrant; glaring | familiar; famous;
well-known; notorious; common; rare; much-quoted; oft-quoted;
often-quoted | illustrative; helpful; illuminating; instructive; useful;
practical | concrete; hypothetical
这里面要是你有哪个词不认识， 那就一定要背下来， 然后写作文的时候用 上，这样你就用了一些―别人可能不用的词汇‖，显得稍微superior 了一点。 能够对 "example" 发出的动作有 : give; provide; contain; include; cite; draw; take (sth. a s ) ; f i n d 。而 "example" 能够发出的动作有 : abound; demonstrate; illustrate; show 等等。
也可以直接让― 例子‖ 发出动作， 比如这样的情况： The behavior of Meerkats giving alarm calls clearly/well exemplifies the existence of
altruism.
有很多个例子的时候， 用这样的表达法： "A, B, C, and so on." 或者 "A, B, C, and etc.." 如果是口语表达， 比较常用的有"..., and something like that."或者" . . . a n d s t u f f l i ke that."
有的时候， 你可能在举了很多个例子之后想说― ... 就更不用提了。‖ 或
者― 更不消说… … ‖ ， 那用的表达法是： " not to men t i o n . . . " 或者 "let alone..." 。
举例子的时候， 可以先举几个例子然后再概括一下； 或者反过来， 先概括 之后列举几个实例。所使用的结构分别是： "A such (B) as X, Y and Z" ； 或者 "X, Y, Z, and other A" 。例如：
History , philosophy, fundamental mathematics, and other abstract
subjects can be learnt mainly from books.
Some subjects , such abstract ones as history, philosophy, and
fundamental mathematics, can be learnt mainly from books.
有的时候， 举例子可能需要做出限定或者指定， 那可以用 "as" 这个词， 例如： " A narrow, confining room, as in a prison or convent, would
make anyone nuts. "
能够用丰富的例子说明问题其实是一种能力， 关键在于平时的刻意积累。 如果你有能力举出很多例子， 那就需要这样的句型：
Examples abound in history/our daily life that…
Examples /instances are countless/innumerable/numerous
Stories abound of alcoho l i c s who flush their daily pill down the t o i l e t or "cheek" it, only to dispose of it later.
Similar examples of "nuptial gifts" abound throughout the anima l
world.
History/Our daily life/This world abounds in examples which
demonstrate…
The list will go on.
The list would be endless if we try to make an inventory of such
examples.
The litany of drug damage goes on and on.
The list of profit-making, instinct-exploiting products is long.
Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident,
pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a
few personality traits.
如果你举的例子非常经典， 又显而易见， 不妨使用这个句型： Remember that... （ 相当于― 记得… … 吧？ ‖ ）
If we want to predict how aggressively a man will guard his wife, we need look no further than age. （ … 想想 / 看看就可以了）
Success requires a tenacious spirit and a drive to achieve. Nowhere is this more apparent in the entertainment business. Thousands of
actors and actresses work tenaciously to have a career in the movies.
But without beauty or talent, tenacity i s n ' t always rewarded, and only a few become stars.
用最近发生的事情做例子：
An instance occurred recently in which…
如果举的例子是― 轶事‖ 、― 传说‖ 、― 某个学说‖ 之类的， 那可以用这 样的句型： Legend/Gossip/Rumor/Words/A theory/A saying has it
that. . . ; As story goes: . . . ; That's how the story goes.; 或者Story
goes. . . ( g o e s 后面接完整的句子。例如： Story Goes Viral Alex Jones appears on CNN, poll says three-quarters plus support Sheen. )
有的时候要用一些想象出来的例子说明问题， 那用这些词开头： Consider ; Imagine; Suppose; Say; Assume; 或者在这些词后面直接 加上一个宾语或者一个宾语从句， 比如 "Imagine a person who is worrying about his future." 或者 "Suppose a person is worrying
about his future."
这样想象出来的 case ， 还可以用 sometimes , in some cases, in
some specific cases 开头开始讲述。也可以用条件句型， "If…, …." 或 者 "When…, …." 以及， There are many cases in which… （ 有些情况 下… … ）； There are moments when … （ 有些时候… … ）； We all have met the cases in which… （ 我们都会遇到… … 的情况） ； We all have moments when… （ 有些时候我们都会… … ） … …
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