四级听力场景词最新总结 一、学校场景的基本背景知识
1、学校中的人物
【考察思路】
人物关系:学生&老师、学生&学生;人物职业身份:学生、老师、图书馆管理员... 具体场面:学习、作业、论文、考试、上课、讲座、报告、办公室...
【高频词汇】
各类学生:freshman; sophomore;junior student; senior student ;
本科生________________; 研究生_________________;
bachelor's degree _______ master's degree __________ doctor student / doctor candidate _________
各类老师:教授______________teaching fellow/ lecturer 讲师
导师_________ / _________ / _________ 系主任dean系_______
学院__________
研究生院graduate school 校长 president 全体员工/全体教师__________ 其它人员:管理员_______________ 图书馆管理员_______________
2、选课、选专业或选学校场景
【常见思路】
【高频词汇】
录取____________________ 注册register for ... 选课sign up for / take the course 退课drop/ quit the course
逃课______________________错过课______________________ 取消____________ 报满 full 选修课____________________ / ___________________ course
必修课requirement / compulsory course / required course
讲座lecture 研讨会seminar 课程 curriculum 专业___________________主修__________________
学分 __________________ 没有学分的课程 non-credit course
修学分_____________________ 转学分_____________________
学期_________________/________________ 负担_____________________
免修一门课程____________________ 旁听一门课程___________________
初级课程_______________ course 高级课程 _______________ course
数学math 计算机课程computer course 心理学psychology course 物理学 physics 化学chemistry 生物学biology 生物化学________________________
经济学__________________ 文学Literature
计算机科学computer science _______________________sociology
______________________ geology
高级物理advanced physics 数据处理data processing 计算机程序 computer programming (09.12)
工程学_______________________语言学____________________理科___________________文科___________
常春藤联盟________________哈佛大学________________ 耶鲁大学_______________ 麻省理工学院 MIT
学杂费 school fee 日常花费___________________________
助学金______________________学生贷款a student's __________________
奖学金(泛指)scholarship 申请______________________
3、上课、听讲座、听报告场景
【常见思路】
【高频词汇】
讲座lecture 演讲speech 课堂发言/陈述________________________ 研讨会seminar/workshop
Do you have the seminar schedule with you? 你有研讨会的日程表么?(07.6 06.6)
白天的课day course 晚上的课 evening course (09.12)
出席人员attendance 缺席___________________ 出席______________________
弥补(课/考试)________________取消_______________
守时____________________记笔记____________________保持清醒_________________________
昏昏欲睡________________睡着了____________ 培养兴趣build the interest
推迟______________________ 拖堂_____________________/_____________________ 提前下课____________________ 枯燥___________________
发人深省的__________________________
令人兴奋的_______________________给人印象深刻的______________________
极好的____________________/___________________跟不上_______________________ 明白、理解____________________/_________________/________________
4、学习场景
【常见思路】+【高频词汇】
(1)学习需要一个quite 的environment,但却常常受disturb,周围有很多distractions(令人分心的事物);
(2)对学习full of 或lack of 热情enthusiasm;学习遇到difficulties,感到exhausted/blue,缺乏信心lack of confidence需要对方的开导help him out,才能进步improvement;必要时对方会advise你take a break,让自己好好relax一下;
(3)有时study really hard,却收效甚微或成绩terrible,对方会advise他不要过分看重成绩,应该找出原因(causes)或解决办法(solutions),因为学习方法study strategies很重要——预习prepare lessons before class是很重要的;学习时一定要学会抓重点focus on the main points或concentrate on the important ideas,而ignore the details;但是不提倡使用test-taking strategies;男生常常要借女同学的笔记note或请女同学或教授做课后指导instruction after class才能迎头赶上come up with others;
(4)如果学习和其他事情冲突,一般“学习考试优先”,放弃(give up/quit)其他事情而选择学习;
(5)家长谈论学生学习,十分地望子成龙,一般都担心孩子不用功或成绩不好,此时会有人来打气、安慰;
5、作业、论文场景
【常见思路】
【高频词汇】
作业______________/ ________________ /__________________/________________
presentation________ 论文________________ 小论文essay 学期报告term paper
毕业论文thesis
参考书________________ ___________reading list 读书报告______________
实验_______________ 实验报告______________
调查_________________/________________ 数据________
反馈_______________草稿______________ 忙于做______________________
上交_________________ / __________________ 最后期限___________________
到期___________________
延期____________________ 对...严厉____________________
辜负某人的期望_________________________
结束,完成be through with sth.(两次考到)
6、考试场景
【常见思路】
【高频词汇】
期中考试 mid-term exam 期末考试 final exam
测验 quiz 突击测验___________________
分数____________________ / ________________________
及格___________________ 及格分______________________
考试失败________________/______________________________
平均学分积______________ 补考_______________________作弊
___________________________
推迟_________________________取消__________________________
重新安排考试时间________________________________ 考试周
___________________________
复习
___________________________/_____________________________/_____________________________
紧张:____________________/_____________________/____________________/_____________________/
__________________________/________________________________
熬夜:____________________/_______________________高分___________________低分__________________
全得A:___________________ A+_________________ B-_______________
7、读书场景
【常见思路】
(1)图书馆场景(校内): 找书找不到; 借书已借出; 还书时超期或干脆弄丢了,要交罚款; 有时在图书馆上自习...I have trouble to find it. ask the librarian for help; 已借出:_____________________/__________________
(2)书店场景(校外):书会脱销,需要提前订购;买二手书(_______________/_______________),因为“学生贫穷原则”;书有两种,精装版hard cover/hardback edition和简装版paperback edition;偶尔会on sale;
(3)读书场景:喜欢哪一类的书?以什么方式读书?(精读、泛读)是否专注?(一般很专注,否则就是有什么心事)读到什么程度了?(刚开始读;读了一半;读完了;好书、难书会读好几遍;有时遇见很难懂的地方会看的很慢)有何感想评价?(往往是好评)
【高频词汇】
阅览室_____________________ 参考书阅览室____________________ 期刊阅览室_______________
shelf书架 stack_____________________ 复印机________________ 自习室
___________________
图书馆长, 图书管理员__________________
书目catalogue 索引index 卷,宗_______________ 借书卡library card 书面许可writing permission
预约 reservation 外借__________________ 超期_______________续借_____________ 罚款________ 被限制在馆内阅读put on reserve 杂志______________________
期刊___________________/_________________季刊_____________________现刊current issue 过刊back issue
最新一期latest number /lastest issue 杂志合订本______________________作者author题目subject名字title关键字key words 办理借阅手续______________________________ 借书证_____________________________
额外的副本_____________________ 订购书_____________________订阅(杂志)________________________
脱销_________________ 已绝版____________________ 出版/出版物_________________出版社___________
小说____________ 科幻小说___________________
侦探小说whodunit/____________(口语)
悬疑小说________________ 非小说类文学作品_________________传记_________________ 自传___________________ 历史书籍________________ 社论____________
畅销书__________________
《人性的弱点》(戴尔·卡耐基)
How to Win Friends and Influence People.
《思考致富》(拿破仑·希尔)
Think and Grow Rich (by Napoleon Hill)
《世界上最伟大的推销员》(奥格·曼迪诺)
the Greatest Salesman in the World
《穷爸爸,富爸爸》(罗伯特·清崎)
Rich Dad Poor Dad
《一分钟经理人》(肯·布兰查)
One minute's manager
【常见词组】
对书入迷be addicted to/ be attracted by the book;
全神贯注地看书bend one's head on the book; pore over the book
读书快的人fast reader 好不容易看完plough through the novel 从头到尾看小说get through the novel
广泛地阅读 read extensively 选择性地阅读 read selectively 书评book review
【真题例句】
Did you check the pile of the journals you borrowed from the library the other day?
你查过那一摞头几天从图书馆借来的学刊了么?
8、课外活动场景
【常见思路】
【高频词汇】
参加、参与:take part in/ _____________________ in; 登记_________________________; 参加(俱乐部、课程等)______________________;参与者__________________________; 合唱队chorus;戏剧社_____________________;
宿舍管理委员会dorm council;课程委员会curriculum committee;
学生会_________________;主席_________;竞选_________________;选票___________;选民登记voter registration;
选举活动election campaign; 竞选活动负责人 campaign manager;
候选人__________________________;
竞赛_______________________;选手_____________________;奖_____________;值得_________________;
半决赛_________________;进入决赛___________________________;被淘汰__________________________;
吉他___________________;小提琴violin;号______________;萨克斯saxophone; 芭蕾ballet;
偶然学到___________; 绘画painting/ drawing; 绘画颜料paints; 画笔_________________________;
画板painting board;素描sketch; 油画oil painting; 水彩画water color; 风景画landscape painting;
拍照片take a photo;照相馆_________________;一卷胶卷a roll of __________________; 冲胶卷___________________ the film;焦距______________;快门____________;镜头lens;闪光灯flashlight;相册_______________; 兼职工作part-time job; 有一份兼职工作have a job on the side
9、体育运动和健康
【常见思路】
【高频词汇】
体育运动:tennis shoes; tennis court; ice hockey; to ski; roller skating; 慢跑_______________; marathon;
cycling; rock climbing; hiking; 举重____________________;拳击__________________; 体操____________; professional player; to beat the world champion; 体育锻炼 physical exercise体育课_______________________
身体健康:to keep fit; as fit as a fiddle; be in a good/poot shape; to be out of shape; to feel under the weather;
to go on a diet; to eat a well-balanced meal; to take off weight; to run/exercise regularly;
二、日常生活场景的基本背景知识
11、打电话场景
【常见思路】打电话出现的问题:拨错电话I am sorry I dialed the wrong number. 占线 The line is ______/__________. 信号不好______________ 听不清楚The phone is not clear. 没这个人_____________
留言_____________ 别挂电话 hold on for moment / hold the line
【高频词汇】
电话种类:
长途电话long distance call 越洋电话over sea call 对方付款电话collect call 打进的电话incoming call
往外打的电话outgoing call 公用电话phonebooth 手机 cell phone/mobile phone 移动硬盘____________________ /________________________
投币式电话pay phone 受话者接听的电话person to person call 叫号电话station to station call
常用表达: 电话本 telephone book /directory 电话听筒 receiver 电话账单 phone bill
挂上电话 hang up 先别挂______________________ 电话掉线
_________________________
给某人打电话 ring sb up / give sb a ring/call 电话自动答录机 answering machine 稍等,我马上给你打过去。I will call your back in a minute.
例:Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.【19xx年6月Passage2】
14. A) In the white pages. B) In the blue pages. C) In the yellow pages. D) In a
special section.
15. A) On the first page of the telephone book. B) At the end of the telephone book.
C) In the front of the white pages. D) Right after the white pages.
16. A) Check your number and call again. B) Tell the operator what has
happened.
C) Ask the operator to put you through. D) Ask the operator what has
happened.
12、餐馆场景
【常见思路】选择什么餐馆就餐(有学校内和学校外两种情况on campus/off the campus); 就餐时有___________;___________;___________;___________;___________;___________等行为动作;
【高频词汇】
(1)餐馆类型 餐馆________________ 食堂_______________ cafeteria inn motel fast food snack food snack bar ___________ 酒吧______/______ 法式餐厅French restaurant 意式餐厅Italian restaurant sandwich hamburger subway _______________ bread talks ________________ pizza hut________________
burger king________________ hut ________________
(2)食物种类 自助餐buffet 沙拉salad 汤 soup 喝汤____________________ 汤匙soup spoon
饭桌礼仪________________ 甜点 dessert 主菜 main dish 布丁 pudding 调味汁dressing 面包圈doughnut 法式面包French bread 一条面包 a loaf 果酱
______________
派______________ 土司 toast 披萨 pizza 土豆片potato chips 炸薯条 French fries 牛排 ____________
餐馆常见问题:"How do you like your steak cooked? "
(3)各种饮料
酸奶__________________ 软饮料_________________ 苏打水________________ 橘汁Orange Juice
矿泉水mineral water 柠檬汁 lemon juice/ ____________________ 酒wine/alcohol 啤酒 beer
(4)常见行为动作
预定:_______________________/_____________ “I am sorry all the tables have been booked out.”
点菜:菜单_______________ 点菜__________________ 看菜单 bring me the menu
recommendation推荐,招牌菜“Are you ready to order, sir?” “See the menu” “What is the specialty of the house?” “I will be back with your order in a minute.”
买单:pick up the bill I will pick up the table. Let me treat you. Let me foot the bill It's on me.
I will buy the bill. 小费________
AA制:Let's go Dutch. 各人付自己的帐Let's go fifty-fifty. separate checks split the bill
(5)餐馆打工: dish-washer/ waiter/ waitress
13、职场场景
【常见思路】
【高频词汇】
求职者_________________全职__________________兼职________________ 自由职业者
_____________
申请工作______________________接受 accept 拒绝____________________拒绝某份工作 turn down the job
电面 telephone interview饭面 dinner interview 面对面的面试 face to face office interview 找新工作find a new job有空缺职位job vacancy 求职信letter of application 简历__________________
resume包括几部分(1) basic / personal info. 基本信息/个人资料(2)教育背景___________________
(3)work experience 工作经验 (4)certificates and honours
面试interview 聘用信__________________ 加班_______________________ 加钱ask for /get a rise
各种钱的表达:周薪_______________日薪___________________ 奖金_________________ 津贴__________ 年收入annual income 升职______________________ 解雇______________________
辞职______________________ 退休__________________ 下岗 laid-off
接替别人的位子 take over 工作work / job / career / course 职务 post / position / vocation / title
为补偿生活起居费用上涨而实行的底薪 cost living rise
假期休息的说法(依次是从大到小)holiday ___________vacation____________年假annual leave
病假_______________休息rest 喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息break 茶歇:___________ 离开一会away
我得离开一会儿. _________________________________./___________________ 你面试进行的怎么样了?How is the job interview?
寻找相关领域内有经验的人 look for people with experience in the profession
面试的注意事项:
穿着干净 wear tidy in the clean cloth. 回答问题要诚实 to respond truthfully to inquiry
诚实是最好的策略 Honesty is the best policy. 镇静点,别慌张。 Calm down. /Be yourself.
面试的典型问题:
Which position do you think most appeal to you? 你觉得什么职位最适合你? Why would you like to get this post? 你为什么想来这里干活?
What makes you think you succeed in this position? 你认为你的优势在哪里? Why do you think your mind like to work for our company? 你为什么想来我们公司工作
How do you rate yourself at professional? 在这个专业领域你是怎么评价你自己的? 办公室常见人物: boss 老板 你是我的顶头上司:"You are my immediately boss." secretary 秘书
front desk 前台 employee雇员 employer 雇主 interview 面试 interviewer 面试官 interviewee面试者department 部门 head of department部门主管 manager general manager president
Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官 chairman of the board
【典型面试对话示例】
Birna: I heard that you have a vacant position for a secretary I've come to apply for the job.
Receptionist: Please wait here for a second.
Brina: OK.
Mr. Graham: Who is the next applicant?
Receptionist: Miss, it's your turn.
Brina:I am.
Mr. Graham: Come this way, Please. Do you have your resume with you?
Brina:Yes,here it is.
Mr. Graham: Sit down, Miss Faulkner.... You're presently working at Creative Advertising Company?
Brina: Yes, as a sales representative.
Mr.Graham: What makes you want to quit the job?
Brina: Frankly, it is an interesting job, but I'm not suitable for it. Too much tension and pressure.
Mr.Graham: Is it hard work?
Brina: I don't mind hard work and working overtime. It's the atmosphere that drives me crazy.
Mr.Graham: It'll be tough work to be a secretary here, you must understand that. The boss is very touchy and hard to get along with. Have you been a secretary before?
Brina: Yes, I have. I was a pretty good secretary. I know how to handle a bad-tempered boss. I'm sure I'll be a competent secretary if you take me on your staff.
Mr. Graham: Thank you for coming, Miss Faulkner. I'll let you know as soon as we've made a decision.
克娜:听说你们有个秘书的空缺。我是来应征的。
接待员:请在这儿稍候。
克娜:好的。
格姆先生:下一个应征者是谁?
接待员:小姐,该你了。
克娜:我来了。
格姆先生:请这边走。有没有带履历表来?
克娜:有,在这儿。
格姆先生:请坐,福克纳小姐。???你目前在创作广告公司上班?
克娜:是的,当业务代表。
格姆先生:你为什么想辞去那份工作?
克娜:坦白说,那是份很有趣的工作,但是我不适合。太紧张,压力太大了。 格姆先生:辛苦吗?
克娜:我不在乎工作辛苦和加班。令我受不了的是那儿的气氛。
格姆先生:在这儿当秘书是一份相当吃力的工作,你一定要知道这点。老板很暴躁易怒,而且很很难相处。以前做过秘书吗?
克娜:做过。我是个很不错的秘书。我知道如何应付一个坏脾气的老板。我确定如果你们雇用我的话,我会是个称职的秘书。
格姆先生:谢谢你来,福克纳小姐。我们一有决定,我就会通知你。
14、看病场景
【常见思路】学生看病的时候要知道自己的症状,看病时根据病情的轻重缓急选择急诊还是常规就诊;病人很粗心,经常不按时药;医生很忙,需要预约。
(听力中医生、教授、导演等“大人物”都很忙);
【高频词汇】
医生: 内科医生physician 外科医生surgeon 牙科医生____________
医院的部门名称: 候诊室waiting room 急诊室________ 小诊所 clinic 医疗中心 health center
校医院 infirmary
常见的生病症状:症状____________感冒catch a cold病愈get over 发烧___________ 温度temperature
咳嗽__________ 流鼻涕 ___________ 肚子痛______________ 头痛headache 过敏____________
心脏病 heart attack 骨折 fracture 脚踝 ankle 流血bleeding
体检check up / annual checkup /physical examination
常见的药品: 阿斯匹林aspirin 药品medicine 剂量dosage 吃药take the pill 药方_____________________ 打针________________________ 抓药fill the prescription
一天三次 take the pills three times a day
“你真该听大夫的。”____________________________________________.
15、机场场景
【常见思路】登机、托运行李、接人、买机票、换机票(换乘其他航班)
航班经常发生的事情:__________________/__________________其原因往往是天气恶劣。
【高频词汇】
机场air port 起飞take off 降落land 抵达arrive 盘旋circle 行李luggage 登机门boarding gate / departure gate 登机牌boarding card/pass 离港departure 起飞时间 departure time 机场费air port fare 办理登记手续check in
行李柜台baggage counter 头等舱_______________ 经济舱_______________ 商务舱______________
准点到达 arrive on schedule 晚点(到达)____________________
延误,取消____________________ 预定航班___________________
【真题例句】
I hope you are packed and ready to leave. (我希望你已经打包完毕准备出发了) I have packed my passport in one of my bags. (我把护照装在一个包里了)
16、旅游场景
【常见思路】 去某个地方旅游(会出现陌生地名);采用某种休闲方式(说明文,会出现陌生休闲项目名词)
【高频词汇】 旅游trip/tour 假期vacation 预定饭店make a hotel reservation 去度假leave for a vacation 旅行社 travel agency 观光 go sightseeing 避暑胜地summer resort 夏威夷、Hawaii 悉尼歌剧院Sydney opera house 带某人四处逛逛 I will show you around
饭店食宿 hotel accommodation
17宾馆场景
【高频词汇】
宾馆 hotel 小旅馆,小客栈inn 汽车旅馆motel 订房间book / make a reservation
订满 booked up / occupied 客房服务room service 单人间single room 双人间double room
浴室bathroom 前台 front desk / reception 行李搬运工porter 叫早服务wake up call
【最新考点】
honeymoon suite (07年6月词汇,蜜月套间)
hotel clerk (07年6月词汇,等于receptionist) discount (07年6月词汇, 折扣)
free continental breakfast (07年6月词汇,免费的欧式早餐)
18、租房场景
房租 rent 用于出租 for rent = to let
房东 landlord 房客 renter / tenant 契约 lease / agreement
水电费utilities 门厅hall 家具 furniture 风景画 poster 橱柜cabinet 书架 book case / shelf 组装 assemble = put...together 管道pipe 淋浴管道 shower pipe 漏水 leak 坏了break down 修理 fix / repair 修理公司 roofing company
修理工作 repair job 修理工maintenance man / repairman 管道工 plumber 电工electrician
粉刷paint 刷子brush 梯子 ladder 爬梯子climb the ladder 扶着梯子 hold the ladder
19、银行场景
银行 bank 户头 account 开户 open an account 支票帐户 check
account 支票 check 旅游支票 traveler's check 帐单 bill 付账 pay the bill 兑现支票 cash a check 取钱 draw 透支 overdraw 出纳员 teller
20、邮局场景
邮局 post office 华盛顿邮报 Washington post 平信 regular mail 航空邮件 air mail 挂号信 registered mail 邮票 stamp 邮资 postage 电报 telegram 加急电报 urgent cable 超重 overweight 罚款 fine
快递 EMS (Express Mail Service)
联合包裹快递服务 UPS (United Parcel Service)
21、看戏(看演出、看电影、看演唱会)场景
【常见思路】买票;迟到;对电影的评价与讨论:没那么精彩。Not that exciting.无聊 to feel sleepy
浪费时间,不值。It’s a waste of time. 真不值。It’s a waste of money.
情节复杂难懂 complicated /I can't put all the pieces together.
【高频词汇】
电影 movie / film 电影院 cinema / theater 动作片 action film 战争片 war film
恐怖片 horror film 惊险片 thriller film 动画片 cartoon 喜剧 comedy
暴力片 violence 西部片 western film 爱情片 romantic story=love story 好莱坞 Hollywood 梦工厂 dream factory 演出 show
演员 character 演员 actor 看电影 to watch the movie
【常见表达】对电影的评论:
没那么精彩:Not that exciting. 无聊:feel sleepy 浪费时间:a waste of time 真不值: It's a waste of money.
22、报社、报纸场景
买一份报纸 to pick up a paper 校报 school news paper 时事通讯 newsletter 特刊 special issue
编辑 editor 主编 editor|-in-chief 社论 editorial 头条 headline 新闻 news story 报摊 newsstand
版面 page 负责 to be in charge of 负责某个版面 to be responsible for 报纸版面 section
体育版 sports section 电视版 TV section 文艺版 art and music section 招工版 help-wanted section
分类广告版 classified ads section
23、交通运输场景
【常见思路】交通事故
交通堵塞:be held in traffic, be stuck in traffic, break down; rush hours, traffic jam, peak season;
事故后果:consequence, crash, minor injury, slightly injured.
【高频词汇】
车票fare 驾照licence 超车overtake 单行道one way street 超速over speed
交警police officer 罚单 ticket 罚金 fine 高速公路fast way / express way / high way
机动车道motor way 免费高速 free way 公路交通工具plane / train / bus / bike / walk / taxi
隧道tunnel / channel 环线 ring road 地铁subway(美) / underground (英) 地道metro 轻轨overhead 人行天桥 flyover 乘出租车 take a taxi 招出租车/订出租车call a taxi 赶火车/汽车catch a train / bus