一、 现象解释型
基本结构是：首先说明现状;其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因;最后做出分析，提出建议或总结观点。
写作方法为：描述现象→分析原因→对现象做出预测或如何促进(限制)这种现象的进一步发展。如何解决
二、 问题解决型
此类作文要求考生从提示性文字或图表、图画入手，解释提示性文字、图表、图画反映出的问题，提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性;然后对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施;最后一段要求考生表明自己的态度、做法等。
基本方法为：提出问题→分析问题→解决问题。(加上我的建议)
写作方法为：分析所给情景→选择写作方法。
why it is unwise to judge a personby their appearance
Currently, judging people by appearance has already become a common practice in our daily life.（现象） Is it wise to do this?（设问） The answers definitely not。
Admittedly, a good and charming appearance will leave others a good impression for the first place. However, just as an old saying goes "Never judge a book by its cover", it is not wise to judge one by appearance for the reasons given below.（分析并说明原因） For one thing, along with the development of science ,plastic surgery can change one's appearance, so good looking cannot reflect one's true inner thought. Thought the history, we can find ample handsome boys and girls who turn out to be dangerous ones. For another, appearance is not the only element judging others, and there are many aspects more important than it ,such as kindness, warmheart etc。
To summarize, judging people by appearance is not a wise choice. Therefore I suggest that we should pay more attention to one's inner thought and quality rather than one's appearance。
1. 反应大学生生存状况的词语从“蜗居”、“蚁族”到“鼠族”，不断涌现。
2. 对于这种现象，你有什么看法?
Recently, the living condition of some college students is frequently referred to as
“dwelling-narrowness”. In fact, this embarrassing situation is very serious that few of us can fail to meditate on the causes of it.
In the first place, it’s difficult for graduates to bear the high cost of life in big cities. Poor payment thus gives rise to bad living conditions. Next, college students are more
ambitious. Many of them are eager to compete in big cities like Shanghai and Beijing, where talents are abundant and positions are limited. Refusing to go back hometown let them suffer in big cities, which indirectly make their situation worse.
Generally speaking, college students should be more qualified to better themselves and adjust their goals according to the reality.
第二篇：顺利通过英语六级_写作技巧以及常用写作句型
Chapter One 文章开头句型
1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,
适用于有争议性的主题.
例如(e.g)
[1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently.
[2]. When it comes to .... , some people
[2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that... [3].
Now
there
is
a
growing
of/learnt .... The phenemenon of ... has aroused public concern.
[2]. I have a friend who ... Should he .... ?
Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.
awareness/recognation ot the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ......
[4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......
1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代
[3]. Once upon a time , there lived a man but it still has a realistic significance now.
who ... This story may be (unbelievable) ,
1-8 问题法 ----- 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题. bielive that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...)
[3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....
1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 . e.g
[1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.
[2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)
[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
----- To be continued !!
1-3 观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法. e.g:
[1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ... Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. benn more visible/popular than...
表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点! e.g:
[1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people .
"Education
is
not
complete
with
gradulation." Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.
[2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this .
In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......".
1-5 比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点. e.g:
[1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .
[2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new.
1-6 故事法 ---- 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题. e.g:
[1]. Once in (a newspaper) , I read
e.g:
Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly , some ..., others ...
But in my opinion , ...... .
Chapter 2 文章中间主体内容句型
原因结果分析
3-1-1. 基本原因 --- 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因. e.g:
[1]. Why ... ? For one thing.. For another ...
[2]. The answer to this problem invovles
many factors. For one thing... For another...... Still another ...
[3]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect .... /both individual and social contribute to ....
3-1-2 另一原因 --------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用! e.g:
[1]. Another important factor is ....
[2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem.
[3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for .....
3-1-3 后果影响 --------- 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 . e.g:
[1]. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....
[2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........
比较对照句型
2-2 后果性------ 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果. e.g:
[1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of .......
[2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that .. will be put in danger. [3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty , but ........
2--6 意义性的结尾方式 --------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义! e.g:
[1]. Following these suggestions may not
guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit but also benefit .....
[2]. In any case, whether it is posotive or 3-2-1. 两者比较 ---> 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 ! e.g:
[1]. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B.
[2]. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.
[3]. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.
3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 ------> 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用! e.g:
[1]. A and B have several thing in common. They are similar in that.....
[2]. A bears some sriking resemblance(s) to B.
Chapter Three 文章结尾形式
2-1 结论性--------- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 . e.g:
[1]. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that .....
[2]. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .......
2-3 号召性 -------- 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意. e.g:
[1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendcy of ......
[2]. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency.
2-4 建议性 -------- 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法. e.g:
[1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is .....
[2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.
2-5 方向性的结尾方式 ---- 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景. e.g:
[1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way .
[2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be helpful/benefical.
negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly ..
本文来自派派小说论坛 ：
1.常用于文章开始的过渡词语和句子 (1)To begin with首先
(2)Generally speaking一般地说，总体上说 (3)First of all第一，首先 (4)With
(the
development/progress/growth)of(economy/
society)...随着(经济、社会)的(发展、进步、增长)...
(5)Recently近来
2.常用于文章结尾的过渡词和句子 (1)In conclusion最后，在结束时 (2)In brief简言之 (3)In a word总之
(4)It is high time that...到...时候了 (5)It is only when...that...只有当...才... 3.常用于表示先后次序的过渡词语及句子 (1)first, second, third...第一，第二，第三 (2)To begin with...,moreover...,finally...，首先...，此外...，最后... (3)Meanwhile同时
(4)since then自此之后 (5)Therefore因而
4.常用于表示因果关系及分析原因的过渡词语与句子
(1)As a result由于...结果
(2)Due to由于
(3)consequently结果，因此
(4)One may criticize......for......，but the real cause of...lies deeper人们可以因为...批评...，但是...的真正原因在更深层次 (5)Among...reasons, one should
be
emphasized that...在众多的原因中，其中一点给予强调...
本文来自派派小说论坛 ：
绝密私藏！！！花费一学期悟出的英语4，6级必杀技，考前一星期看，绝对会有意想不到的效果。成绩快速提高70分以上----保你轻松过4，6级 听力
一. 应试技巧
以WHAT为提问词引导的问句 致某种结果,通常有好几个选项的事实能导致同一结果
2.选项中可能出现can’t, not be able to, too?.to, have to等词或词组.
3.文章承上启下的作用的信息句
a.表示文章顺序与层次的句子,一般由first, second, in the end, in addition, furthermore, finally引导.
b.表示意思转折的句子,一般由but, however, on the contrary, instead, 般采用的原则是听到什么就不选什么,而长对话恰恰相反,它考查的重点是那些含有实际意义的问答内容,尤其是特殊疑问句
3.根据结尾处的核心词汇锁定答案
长对话中一个出题规律就是在结尾处,针对将要做什么.或者提出什么建议进行提问.因此答题的关键就在于锁定结尾处的核心词
四. 场景分析
1. 教务场景
1. 问”什么含义”
What does the man imply?
What does the woman’s answer suggest?
What does the woman say about..(共出现32次)
2. 问”从对话中能获得什么信息或结论”
What can we learn/know about the man?
What do we know from the woman’s reply?
What can be inferred about?(共出现37次)
3. 问”做什么”
What does the man promise to do? (共出现14次)
4. 问”对某人或某事有什么看法’
How does the man feel about? (出现4次)
小结:在短对话部分,考查最多的是WHAT类的提问,其中细节的考查相对较少,推断型的相对较多一些.
二:常见考题类型
1原因与结果题
特征:1.至少有一个选项暗示出该事实能导
unfortunately, however, yet, although, nevertheless等词引导
c.表示因果关系的句子,一般由because, since, for, thus, as a result等引导
2.职业与身份题
特征:大部分情况下,选择项是有固定格式的,要么是4个不同的职业,要么是4个不同身份的人
短语:a little out of the way 有点远
三. 长对话应试技巧
注意:问答形式的对话是考试重点,往往落在其答语上.并且不是每一组问答都是重点,作为考试重点的几组问题之间的关联性是不大的.换句话说,第一个问题考查了文章的主旨,第二个问题开始分别考查对话中所呈现的几方面问题.其中每一个方面选择一个最重要的问题来考查.并且部分长对话还秉承了短文理解的一个重要的考查方式,就是在对话的开头部分一定会出题目
方法:1.话题与场景的判断----第一句话中的核心词汇揭示答案
在长对话中,寒暄过后的第一句话一般起到引出话题的作用,很可能是对话的主题所在,也是回答主旨,话题以及场景题的依据,正确的答案往往是核心词汇的重现,同义词,或者是由该单词所得出的自然的推论.
2.细节题---听到什么选什么
与短对话的区别就在于,短对话中一
解题思路:教务人员描述各项事务的细节问题,时间,地点,计划推迟或变更的原因等往往是考查的重点
2. 选课场景
解题思路:学生觉得课程太难,负荷太重
3. 补课场景
解题思路:场景人物一般是同学之间的补课,
在补课过程中,一方会有一些问题,而另外一方将一一给予澄清
4. 论文场景
解题思路:场景人物一般是教授与学生,或者学生之间进行讨论.论文的题目难以确定,资料太难找,题目太偏,查不到资料,题目太大,要找的资料太多,太杂.
5. 体育场景
解题思路:目的不在于比赛,而是好玩,健身,交友.一些运动,如CYCLING,往往是以TEAM,CLUB或者ASSOCIATION的形式存在的
6. 租房场景
解题思路:学生一般倾向与找价格地的房子,所以房子的条件一般比较差.经常会出现一些毛病,由于房子紧张.找房子,租房子的过程往往很不容易
7. 吃饭场景
解题思路:往往在吃饭过程中,遇到等待时
间过长,饭菜不如意等提出投诉,得到赔偿等
8. 工作相关类
解题思路:应聘者介绍自己的情况,如:教育背景,特长等,聘方人员一般要介绍工作的性质,工资待遇以及上下班时间
9. 采访座谈类
解题思路:被访者在某一方面或几方面比较成功,访问者就其某一方面的成就提出问题.并由被访问者谈体会或经验,提出以后的计考查名词的一个重点
方法:第一遍:全文朗读,填空处无停顿,以听为主,借助文字材料理解和把握全篇内容和脉络,:顺便填写有把握的单词,记一点笔记
第二遍:尽量记住所听的句子的各个意群,并快速记下.
第三遍:着重弥补为听清的部分,并检查有无错误,要写完整的句子,而不是单个词或短语
注意:1.某个单词为听清,或拼写不出,没有
4.推理推测题
例如：what does the speaker most
concerned about?
方法：要注意与短文内容一样的不是推断，而且一定要根据短文的观点而不是根据自己的观点来推断。
听力组成部分
第一部分:8个小对话,2个长对话.每个长对话后有3-4个题. 划等.
应试技巧:注意重复的词语,他们通常会给你一些线索,还会帮助你回忆你在题目中听过的名称,注意各个选项中的不同点,注意一些不同的名字,地点,以及不同的动词
五:命题研究
方法:注意集中精力听好短文开头.因为4级喜欢把中心置于文章的开头.文中反复出现同一单词或同一类单词,也值得注意,包含与这类单词的选项能较好的体现中心,通常是正确答案.文中一旦出现以因果连词(because, so, due to,等)和转折连词(如but, however, though等)引导的句子也要格外留心,这些地方往往是考点.
抓数字时间
1. 出现年代,时间,数字中的任何一种,文章中的数字时间肯定是考试重点
2. 文章中出现2个以上的数字时间,该句肯定含有答案
3. 数字时间定位包括年代定位和过去现在对比定位2种形式
4. 数字时间和比较级最高级组合在一起的时候,或是数字时间出现在文章的开始和结束时,答案肯定在附近.
注意:推理判断题的问法有:What does the speaker most concerned about?
六.复合式听写应试技巧
特点:名词的单复数问题一直是复合式听写
把握,可换词或改变表达方式.要尽量忠实的表达文章的意思而不出现语言错误.句子较长而无法准确抓住每个词,应力争听懂句意,记下要点和关键词语,然后试着用自己的话表达,关键词一般为实词,如名词,动词,形容词,副词等.
2.转折引起的作者态度及谈论重点的变化
回答通常是:Sounds great, Sounds a lot of fun, but?..
3.尾词对于解题起着很大的干扰作用,答题时应多加小心
听力的提问方式的常见4种类型
1.主题思想题
例如：what is the best title for this passage?
方法：听好短文的开头和文中反复出现的同一词汇或同一类词汇，因为包含这类词汇的选项能较好的体现中心思想，其通常为正确答案。
2.事实细节题
考查细节包括：具体时间，地点，主要人物或事件，各种数字等。
方法：出现时间，数字时要特别敏感，因果连词（because, so, due to等）和转折连词（如but, however, though等）引导的句子也要格外注意。
3.对错判断题
一般情况下，not一词会重读。
第二部分:3篇小文章.
第三部分:复合式听写
方法:9:55—10:00之间收答题卡一和最后试音时间时可以预览听力部分的选项,充分利用这段时间扫描Passage部分的选项,弄清三篇文章的主题,短文对话的第一题的4个选项在播音前6秒看还来得及.
注意:听力测试3个Section前没有指令,直接播放题目
Section A长对话部分:重点一般都是在问答的答语上,通常,出题的顺序和文章的一致
Section B短文部分:抓住文章的开头和结尾,文章出现的时间,数字,地点信息,原因和转折句特别容易考到.
Section C以听为主,以记为辅.遇到一些冠词,助动词时可先省略不记,比如遇到
一些较长的词组,可先记下每个单词的头一个字母,或者较长的单词只记前3个字母等.
听力常考十大场景:学习,天气,医院,打工,租房,娱乐,餐馆,选课,论文,图书馆场景.
快速阅读
方法:先略读,目的在于快速了解文章的中心思想.首先看下标题,接着读第一段,抓住中心思想,在浏览一下其他段落的首句和末句.最后读完结尾段.接着进行寻读,重点在于有目标的去找出文中某些特定的信息.
注意:1.快速阅读如果没有小标题,就需要快速浏览第一段的第一句话和最后一句话,以及后面每个段落的第一句来了解文章主要内容.
2.命题点包括:时间.人物,地点,因果关系,比较关系,条件关系,目的,方式等.
3.时间关系的词或者短语:meanwhile, prior to等
目的关系的词或者短语:so as to等
方式,条件关系的词或者短语:through, 是Y,如果文章提及则是N,否则为NG
5. 原文所涉及的范围概括广泛,题目中则将其具体化,判断为NG
6. 现实与观点2者不可混合,如果原文和题目分别对应的是观点和事实,则只能判断为NG
篇章词汇理解
1．利用篇章主题确定词义范围与色彩
例如：after intensive research, scientists
have concluded that politicians lie. In a study described in Britain’s Observer
newspaper, Glen Newey, a political scientist at Britain’s University of Strathclyde, of ------in the modern democracy.
concluded that lying is an important part
解释：根据上文提到的内容与politician, political, democracy等词，可推断本话题是“政治”，“政治制度“等。如果词库提供though等
比较关系的词或者短语:be like, contrary to, by contrast以及形容词和副词的比较级与最高级等
因果关系的词或者短语:owing to, result from, be responsible for等
4.对于句子填空,在准确定位后,仔细对照原文与提干所缺的部分来概括组织答案,注意内容和形式的准确性.
5.一般设置答案都为3个Y,3个N,一个NG.
理解:NG题:NOT GIVEN,即文章中给予的信息不够充分,无法作出判断.
N题:与原文信息不符,根据原文信息可以判断出题干的表述与原文不一致,而NG是原文根本没有相关信息的支持.
(注意:作题时要判断提干是对原文的同义替换还是透换概念,或者与原文根本不相干.)
方法:常见的是非判断标准
1. 与文章主题相符的陈述,判断一定为Y,反之一定为N,不可能为NG
2. 偏离文章话题的句子,判断为NG
3. 符合常识的陈述,只能判断其不是N,仍需要进一步判断文章是否谈及,如谈及则Y,否则NG
4. 不符合常识的陈述,只能判断其不
形容词的选择和使用
1.在BE动词或系动词后，可以选择使用形容词做表语，即be/link v. adj.
2.副词可以修饰形容词，如果空格前是副词，也可以考虑空格处是否应为形容词。
例如：however, weather experts are still not completely ----- what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.
解释：本句缺少的是ARE的表语，因为空格前有副词completely，可排除空格处为名词的可能性，空格处应为形容词或动词的分词形式。
副词的选择和使用
如果空格处所在的句子有完整的主语和谓语，这时应该考虑此处是否需要一个副词，可以被用来修饰该动词的一种程度状态。如果空格处所在的句子结构完整（不缺少必要成分），所需的只会是定语或者状语之类的辅助成分。例如副词可以作为辅助成分。
分词的选择和使用
1．过去分词可以用作形容词，表示其修饰的那个名词是一种被动发生或者已经发生的事情。
2．现在分词可以被用作形容词，表示其修饰的名词为一种主动的或者正在发生的事情。
上下文语境巧记活用
的名词有politics, journalists, affairs,
mechanism, risk等，很明显，与主题密切相关的应为politics.
2.利用各句之间的逻辑关系确定词义范围与色彩
并列关系:and also, likewise, similarly
递进关系:additionally, furthermore,
moreover, in addition
因果关系:since, thus, hence, consequently, accordingly, due to, now that, such?.that
转折关系:otherwise, whereas, nevertheless, by contrast, unfortunately
让步关系:nevertheless
条件关系:in case (of)
四步解题
1.浏览全文,抓住中心
2.阅读选项,词性分类
例如：动词：participate, illustrate, donate捐献 reject拒绝，反对，否定
droop枯萎，低垂 hie匆忙赶去 count有
重要性，有价值，计算 glow发热，高兴，热情洋溢（名词时）喜悦，满足的心情 touchstone试金石，标准 calm使平静，使镇定（名词时）平静，镇定（形容词时）
平静的，镇定的 exist存在，生存 estimate估计 strike打击 notify通知 retail零售 generate产生 insult冒犯，侮辱 purchase购买
形容词：financial, productive生产的，多产的 credible可信的，可靠的 controversial有争议的，爱争论的 tight紧的 astonished惊讶的（动词时）使?惊讶 sufficient充分的 ingenious机灵的，巧妙的，有创造性的 difficult tropical完全的 stable稳定的 destructive破坏性的 extreme极度的，最高的 affordable买得起的 voluntary自愿的 excessive过多的，过分的
副词：reluctantly不情愿的 completely完全的 deliberately故意的 technically技术上的 really真正的 primarily首要的，主要的
完形填空
方法：1了解大意 注意：文章的开头1，2句话都是完整信息，这些句子揭示文章的背景只是或主题思想，仔细阅读，为后扫除障碍。 2.初选答案
注意：1.various 各种各样的 incredible难以置信的 assignment作业 bring about导致，带来 dubious= doubtful (有贬义,否定语气的) heat加热 charge收费
2.Take advantage of sth.=make sure of sth. 3.完形中的同性元素是指具有相同的含义，同样的语法功能以及一致用法的两个或多思想的，选项一般是答案项。
3.选项中有绝对语气词的比如：must, never, merely, always, the most, all, only, have to, any, no, very completely, none, hardly等不是答案，而不十分肯定语气词的是正确答
案，比如could, might, possible , can, may,
should, usually, most(大多数)，more or less, relatively, be likely to, whether or, not necessarily, often 等。
4.选项中表达意义较具体的、肤浅的(字面意思)一般不是答案项，而概括性的、抽象的、含义深刻的是答案项。
5.选项中较符合常识的,易明白的一般不是选项；而似乎不太合理，一时较难理解的名词：potential潜能，能力（形容词时）可能的，潜在的 individual个人，个体（形容词时）个人的，独自的，个体的 intellectual知识分子，（形容词时）智力的，理性的 florist花商，花店 replacement替换，替代品 privilege特权 store商店 manners礼貌，风格，方式，方法 figures数字，外形，外貌，人物（尤其指名人）（动词时）描绘，塑造，表示，认为，演算 eagerness热心热诚 phenomenon现实 strength力量 starvation饥饿 exhaustion疲惫，筋疲力尽 scale尺度，天平 gap差距，间隙
介词：beyond多于?，超过
3.照应前后,灵活选择
问题：Many older Americans find their job skills are still----once they leave the paid work force.为什么应该填入构成被动被动语态的过去分词？
4.复读全文,谨慎调整
方法：只要选项里有出现课本上的单词或词组，选它。
真正的有效的背单词的办法是从文章中,课文中,大量的阅读中去记住单词
注意:1名词和动词的一词多义现象,对一个单词只掌握一种相对呆滞的一个意思是非常影响阅读质量的
2 词汇的近义,反义词的掌握,4级考试中正确答案往往是原文的同意改写
3 形容词和副词的意思,以及褒贬性,这直接有利于我们判断作者的态度及文章主旨,段落大意
4 重点掌握住一些固定词组搭配
5 对单词字义的揣测,一般只通过单词所在句或者前后句内容就能猜出.
个选项。选项中一旦出现同性元素，他们必定不是正确答案。
3.寻找线索
注意：完形填空不同于句子与结构，必须要从整篇文章入手。 4.回头补缺
5.核实答案
补充：1.run out of film胶卷用完了,其中photo,film同意交换。 2.get the hangof it=not give up
3.I don’t care much for desert=doesn’t appeal
4. 听力的答案听到的越多，错误的可能性越大，即答案太具体，易做错答案，概括的笼统的爱做正确答案。
5.听力中当女生请男生帮助时，男生要学习时就没法帮助女生，学习最重要。
6.听力对话中的最后一个词常作错误答案的陷阱。
7.on behalf of=you’ve come in his place(联系原文，意思相同)。
8.对话所述事情总是向不好的方向发展。 要求:1.重视首句,把握开篇 2.速读全文,掌握大意 3瞻前顾后,灵活答题
阅读理解
1. 事实细节题
注意：每年必考地方是列举处，有first, second, in addition..的地方，还有举例和打比方的地方，即有as, such, for instance 等出现的地方
应考规律：1.选项中照抄或者似乎抄原文的一般不是答案，而同义词替换的是正确答案。
2.选项中表达意义较为具体，也就是句子较长的一般不是答案，而概括性的抽象的是答案。较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心
往往是正确选项。例如：nevitable 一词，语气太绝对化。此外，在作者态度题中，
象中立态度(neutral)一般不是选项。在四个选项中，忽然有一个选项特别长或特别短，
则此选项往往是正确选项。在两个选项中，如果除个别字外，其他部分完全一样，其
中往往有一个是正确选项。"None of the above"往往是用作干扰项。
6.抓住文章的主题,然后根据题干中的中心词迅速返回原文定位到一句话或者是这话的前后那2句,最后根据同义改写的原则,选出正确答案.
2.推理判断题 方法：1.选项中采用试探性，不十分绝对语气词的比如tend to, offten一般是答案。 2.符合常识逻辑的一般是答案。
3.各类题型干扰项特点
观点态度题正确选项要么是肯定、赞扬、
褒义性的(如positive, support, useful, interesting, admiring等)要么是否定、批评、贬义性的(如disgust, critical, negative,
disappointment等)而又以否定、贬义性居多。所以此类题型中的中性词(如
indifferent, ambivalent, neutral, humor, disinterested, impassive)一般均为干扰项。
4.作题理想步骤
浏览—带着题干略读全文—摸清问题位置—开始答题
针对主旨大意题只读段首,段尾句.
作文
1.亮点句型和词汇
1.individuals,characters,folks代替(people, persons)
2.positive,favorable,rosy(美好的),promising(有希望的),perfect,
pleasurable, excellent, outstanding代替good.
3.dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse(有害的)代替bad,如果bad做表语,可以有be less impressive
4. more and more=an increasing number of/a growing number of
More and more important = increasingly important
2.适当使用被动来代替主动,更能客观的反映事实.句子开头不能总用I, my.不用we should take effective measures to?.而用Effective measures should be taken to? 3.善于使用连接词或者插入语,例whole life of all of us. All the efforts made by our teachers will encourage us to move on even more.
翻译
方法:1.确定要考察的关键词,一般是由2个词或词组组成
2.将2个英文词或者词组连接起来 3.结合待翻译的文字在句子中所处的位置和功能,注意陷阱---倒装和非谓语动词等 例如：Not only ___________________(他向inspiring leader. Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.
常见描述人物性格，外貌和身体状况等的
词语:light-hearted /absent-minded / lame
in / strong-tempered /bad-tempered /near-sighted /far-sighted / silly / diligent /
考查重点：动词词组，表示因果关系的attribute? to?。需要熟练掌握用法的还
有lead to, result in, result from, be to blame for, be responsible for。另外，还要学会使用拼写类似的词组contribute to，表示“有助于，对?做出贡献”。 本文来自派派小说论坛 ：如:however, therefore, for example等. Some hold the opinion that..换成Other individuals, however, take the attitude that? 主要规律
1.不考热点问题,比如今年的大地震,奥运会 2.以议论文为主,基本结构:第一段:描述某种现象 第二段:说一下好处坏处 第三段:你的看法
3.写一个announcement 描述一个假设的事件,书信(只考过一次,这个基本不用准备) 4.08英语考试存在2种可能:议论文,announcement 重点准备写一个announcement
例如:假如你今年被选为优秀学生代表,要在教师节之际在大会上做一个发言,属于一篇应用文写作.
Ladies and Gentleman,
First of all, please allow me to express the most heartfelt gratitude to all of our teachers. Because of your hardships in teaching, we can have such good grades. Teachers mold the lives that they influence. Lessons learned from teachers remain with their students throughout life. Teachers that break down barriers and reach into the souls of the students that they are responsible for do not get the recognition or gratitude they have earned. Many teachers are exhausted from their workload and responsibilities. They have their own families, financial and life stresses that challenge them along with everyone else. We should always respect our teachers. Our teachers told us that gratitude is a fruit of long cultivation. Our teachers made us what you are today and what you will be in future.
Our teachers will certainly influence the
我收费过高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.
解释：动词“收费”的对应词，应当是“charge”。“过高”则往往使用too high或too much, 由于主体内容是金钱而不是温度，我们用经常搭配的“much”。更加巧妙的用词是“overcharge”。 “not only?but?”结构中出现了否定词前置到句首的现象，自然是倒装句的标志。结合后半句的一般过去时形式，我们不得不把助动词did提炼出来，按照倒装结构翻译成“Not only did he charge me too much”或者“Not only did he overcharge me”。 注意：1.根据比较结构中的倍数原则，倍数数字放在最开始，接下去有关于量的as much+n.+as
2. “把?归因于?”翻译为”attribute?to?” “be likely to ?”表示“容易”、“可能”等意义It follows that?由此可见?? 3. 绝大多数的否定的句子，不能直接加“not”。 4. have助动词的后面，动词绝对不能用原形动词
5.cannot?too 再..也不过分
6.一部分具有生命意义的集合名词做主语时谓语动词多采用复数形式,如people, poultry, militia等,用and连接的成分单一概念时谓语动词用单数,主语中含有某些连词(如as well as, besides, in addition to等)时,谓语动词的数同第一个主语保持一致. 7.同时发生或不分先后发生的用现在分词一般式或过去分词,在主句谓语动词之前发生的用现在分词完成式,不定式完成式;发生在主句谓语动词之后的多用不定式一般式
8.表达人物爱憎感情：lose interest in?, terrified, mad
介绍人物的影响及人们对人的评价： The people had come to love him as an
（一）对立观点型
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the
topic Should Firecrackers Be Banned? You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 有人认为放鞭炮是好事，为什么? 2. 有人认为放鞭炮是坏事，为什么? 3. 我的看法
Should Firecrackers Be Banned?
There is no denying the fact that setting off firecrackers has been a
hotly debated topic in China. People’s opinions differ sharply on this issue. Some
hold the positive view. They say that it is an ancient Chinese custom which should be preserved.
They
also
claim
that
firecrackers make festivals and holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining
for both adults and children. Without firecrackers, festivals would become dull
and cheerless.
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They maintain that firecrackers should be banned. They point out that firecrackers are responsible for
fires, which destroy, property, and for injuries suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders. They also argue that firecrackers are a waste of
money and resources.
Personally, I believe that we
should not go to extremes. On the one hand, we should preserve the old custom of
letting off firecrackers; on the other hand, we should make it harmless. This can be done by banning firecrackers from public places. In addition, the setting off of firecrackers should be restricted to festival days.
（二） 解决问题型
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My View on Fake Commodities. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given to believe that the problem will be solved in the near future.
（三）谚语警句型
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Haste Makes Waste. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.
1. 为什么“欲速则不达”？ 2. 举例说明。
standing on one pedal. Then I began to ride the bike from under the cross bar. Finally, I succeeded. )
In short, laying a solid
foundation is essential if we want to make achievements in our studies or work, or
indeed in any other aspect of our lives. At every step, review what has been achieved
and assess the problems ahead before
moving to the next step. And remember, Rome was not built in a day.
（四）图表图画型
in Chinese) below:
1. 假冒伪劣商品的危害 2. 怎样杜绝假冒伪劣商品
My View on Fake Commodities Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that fake commodities have been a grave problem with which we are confronted. Fake and shoddy goods flood the market. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list: pirated editions of books and films, food and drinks of poor quality and the like.
Fake and shoddy goods are bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blind eye to them. First and foremost, they directly infringe upon consumers’ rights, wasting their money and threatening their health and even lives. Besides, the production and sale of fake goods cause serious losses on the part of honest and lawful producers. Last but not least, the destruction of fake commodities means a grievous waste of the nation’s resources.
In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse. First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to ban the manufacture and circulation of fake and shoddy goods. Secondly, the public should enhance their awareness of identifying and refusing sub-standard commodities. With proper laws and an alert public, it will only be a matter of time for fake and shoddy goods to become things of the past. / With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us
Haste Makes Waste A famous saying goes “Haste makes waste”, which means that one should do everything step by step.
Even simp le operations can easily be spoiled if we rush to complete them, neglecting important stages in the process. One should make full preparations before beginning any task.
Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. The best illustration might be English study. Without a good command of pronunciation, we can never hope to speak in an understandable way. Similarly, if we do not learn to spell properly and to acquire a basic grasp of grammar, we will never succeed in writing good compositions.
(或Actually, history abounds with examples of haste making waste. A well-known Chinese fable goes that a farm tried to help the shoots grow by pulling them upward, only to find that they died soon. Another case in point is the so-called Great Leap Forward movement in China in 1950’s and 1960’s. At that time, the Chinese people were so eager to develop their economy that they took some improper measures, only to hinder the expansion of economy.)
(或Here I can think of no better illustration of the proverb than the experience of my own. At the age of 11 or 12, I began to learn to ride. Eager to ride as well as others, I started by sitting on the saddle at the very beginning. Predictably, I often fell from over the bike. Lots of time had been wasted before I realized that I should do it step by step. I tried to slide by
Changes in the Ownership of Houses in China
It can be seen from the chart
that there have been dramatic changes in the ownership of houses in China in the
past 50 years. While the percentage of state-owned houses has dropped from 70% in 1950’s to 20% in 1990’s, that of private houses has soared from 30% to 80%
during the same period of time.
A number of factors could
account for the change in the chart, but the following are the most critical ones. First, thanks to the policy of reform and
opening-up, the nation’s economy has been developing at a considerably high speed in
the past decades. Therefore, people have more extra money to improve their housing.
Secondly, other relevant state policies and the boom of real estate industry provide
citizens with more opportunities to choose
their own dwelling places. Last but not least, people have attached greater
importance to their quality of life. Thus, more of them have purchased houses in
their own favor.
In a word, this chart is a perfect indicator of China’s fast expanding economy and people’s rising standard of
life. Although a series of problems have
arisen in the process, it is reasonable for us to believe that they can be solved in the near future with effective measures taken by both the government and the public.
（五）应用写作型
A Letter to the University President about the Canteen
Service on Campus when the boss asks them to do something 二)比较 which they feel is unreasonable. January 12th, 2002 It is important to keep in 1.The advantage far outweigh the Dear Mr. President, mind that not saying no when you should disadvantages. I am a sophomore from Department 3 and I am writing to you about the food and service in the canteen on campus.
To be frank, I am rather disappointed at the food quality, price and service in the canteen. First, the dishes are scarcely well cooked and most of them taste the same. Secondly, most of the dishes there are priced so high that some students say no can sometimes have harmful consequences. If children are given everything they ask for, not only may their health be damaged, but they may grow up selfish and spoilt. Again, in the long run it is kinder to refuse to lend money to a person who has a gambling or alcoholism problem.
本文来自派派小说论坛 ：/r5172011_u7924
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
suffers from the disadvantages that...
3.A may be preferable to B, but A
4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...
cannot even afford them. Thirdly, the service in the canteen is far from satisfying and the inside of the canteen always seem untidy.
To solve the problem, I suggest that another canteen be built and a mechanism of competition be introduced between the old and the new. Besides, both the canteens should be subject to the students' supervision.
Dining is an everyday issue for students. It may affect their academic performance. Therefore, I sincerely hope this letter can draw your attention to the matter and I hope the problems mentioned
above can be solved as soon as possible. Best regards. Yours sincerely
（六）其他范文
Don't Hesitate to Say No
As a general rule, people like to help others, but there are occasions when you should say no to requests for favors. For instance, it is better to refuse when a child pesters you for sweet food and drinks or for too many toys. Another example is when a relative asks you to use your influence to get him or her a bank loan or a work promotion.
However, we cannot ignore the fact that many people are reluctant to say no. They feel that if they turn down a request from a relative or friend, they will cause ill-feeling within the family or become unpopular with their acquaintances. A notable case in point is
一)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem).
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.
3. The phenomenon mainly stems
from the fact that... 4. T he factors that contribute to this situation include...
5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that...
6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are...
7. Part of the explanations for it is that ...
One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ...
Another contributing factor (cause ) is ...
Perhaps the primary factor is that ?
But the fundamental cause is that
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
6.Like anything else, it has its faults.
7.A and B has several points in common.
8.A bears some resemblances to B. 9.However, the same is not applicable
to B.
10. A and B differ in several ways.
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects. 12. People used to think ..., but things are different now.
13. The same is true of B.
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.
15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...
三)批驳
1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these
statements, but they ignore a more important
fact.(From:)
3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that...
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for ...
7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
data shows ...
4) Recent studies indicate that ...
5) There is sufficient evidence to show that ...
6) According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...
七)开篇
1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ... 6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ...
7) In summary, if we continue to
ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.
8) With the efforts of all parts thoroughly.
concerned, the problem will be solved
9) We might do more cause ; it is important to take actions to ...
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ...
9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
四)后果
1. It may give rise to a host of problems.
2. The immediate result it produces is ...
3. It will exercise a profound influence upon...
4. Its consequence can be so great that...
五)举例
1) A good case in point is ...
2) As an illustration, we may take ...
3) Such examples might be given easily.
4) ...is often cited as an example.
六)证明
1) No one can deny the fact that ...
2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
3) Unfortunately, none of the available
2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ...
5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...
6) Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular.
7) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...
8) According to a recent survey, ...
9) With the rapid development of ..., ...
八)结尾
1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ...
2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ...
3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ...
4) In conclusion, it is imperative that ...
5) There is no easy method,
but ...might be of some help.
10) Taking all these into account, we ...
11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear... 本文来自派派小说论坛 ：/r5170327_u7924523/