一、词组
1、at hand/ in hand
Ⅰ. at hand“在手边；在附近；”如：
① When he writes, he always keeps a dictionary at hand. 他写东西时，手边总有一本字典。
Ⅱ. in hand “在手中的；现有的”引申为：“在掌握中；在处理中”。如：
① I have 100 yuan in hand. 我手头有100元钱。
② The police immediately had the situation in hand. 警方立即控制了局势。
By hand 用手In old days most of the work on farms was done by hand or with the help of horses.
过去，农场上的大部分工作是由手工劳动或靠马的帮助完成的
2、alone/ lonely
Ⅰ. alone adj. “单独的”只能作表语。如：
① I’m alone but I don’t fell lonely. 我单身一人但我从不觉得孤独。
② 此外alone 还可作副词。相当于by oneself,“单独地”“独自”
③ I’ll go there alone.我将独自去那儿。
Ⅱ. lonely adj. “孤独的”“寂寞的”：
① We’re together most of the time, so we never feel lonely.
3、afraid/ fear/ frightened
Ⅰ. afraid “害怕”是形容词， be afraid of sb/sth be afraid to do sth
① She is afraid of a snake. 她害怕蛇。
② The little girl is afraid to go out at night.
be afraid +that clause “恐怕”， 是婉转拒绝别人的一种表达方式。 如：
① I’m afraid (that) I can’t go to the party. My brother is sick. 恐怕我不能去参加聚会了。我弟弟病了。
Ⅱ. fear “害怕”是动词，与be afraid 往往通用，但不如它常用（特别是在口语中）。如：
① We fear no difficulty.我们不怕困难。
② Ｈe feared to speak his mind.他不敢说出自己的想法。
③ Fearing that he would catch cold, I went out to see him.因为怕他会受凉，我走去看他。
Ⅲ. frightened adj “受惊吓的、害怕的”。如：
① She is too frightened to move.她太害怕了不能动弹。
② A frightened girl is crying. 一个受惊的女孩正在哭。
4、 feel like / would like想，愿意；、
Ⅰ. feel like 后面常跟名词；动名词。构成：feel like (doing) sth.
would like 一般接名词；动词不定式。构成：would like (to do) sth.的句式。
① I feel like (having) a drink. = I would like (to have) a drink. 我想喝一杯。
② Do you feel like talking a walk. = Would you like to take a walk? 你要不要散步？
Ⅱ.feel like 还表示：“觉得好像，摸起来像”。如：
① It feels like silk. 它摸起来像绸缎。
5. after/behind “在……之后”
Ⅰ. after “在……（时间）之后”； “在……（地点）之后”，指次序。如：
① He came afterten o’clock. 他十点以后来的
② Two days after his arrival, I called on him. 在他到达两天以后，我拜访了他。
③ ‘Against’ comes after‘again’ in this cictionary.在这本字典中 ‘against’ 排在 ‘again’ 之后。
Ⅱ. behind 表地点时意为：在……后面-----指位置的前后。
The garden is behind the house.
He stood behind me.
7. agree to/ agree with/ agree on(up on)
Ⅰ. agree to do sth “同意、应允”通常用于同意某件事情（我们可以同意我们自己有不同看法而并不赞同的事情）。如：
① Do you agree to this plan?
② He agreed to my proposal.他同意了我的提议。
Ⅱ. agree with sth/ sb“同意、赞同”常常表示同某人意见一致，还有“（气候、食物等）适合”之意。
① I quite agree with you.我很同意你。
② I agree with all you say.我同意你所说的。
③ His words do not agree with his actions.他言行不一致。
④ Too much meat doesn’t agree with her. 吃太多肉对她身体不合适。
[注]：agree with 不能用于被动语态。
Ⅲ. agree on /upon “对……取得一致意见或达成了某种协议。如：
① After discussion the two sides agreed on a cease-fire. 经过讨论，双方就停火问题达成了协议。
② They all agree on the plan.他们对这个计划意见一致。
[注]：此句型可转换成agree in doing sth.如：
① All of them agreed on / upon it. = All of them agreed in doing it. 他们对做这个问题达成了共识。
8、 at times / at all times / all the time
Ⅰ. at times “不时；偶尔”如：
① The tide is at times very high. 潮水有时涨得高。
② I make mistakes at times， when I speak English. 我说英语偶尔会出错。
Ⅱ. at all times.“随时；任何时候；总是” 如：
He has a cool head at all times. 他随时都有清醒的头脑。
Ⅲ. all the time “一直；始终” 其中time用单数形式。如：
The baby cries all the time. 那婴儿一直哭。
IV. in time 及时
On time 准时
9、 alive/ living/ the living/ live/ dead
Ⅰ. alive adj“活着的”“在世的”，--人/物。后。如：
① They were alive and as happy as ever. 他们都还活着，并跟以前一样快活。
② All the other comrades were killed in the battle. He was the only man alive. 所有的同志都还活着亡了，他是唯一的幸存者。（应放在被修饰的名词之后）
Ⅱ.living adj,“活着的”主要用着定语，常置于名词前，有时也可置于名词后。也可作表语。如：
① Every living person has a name. 每个活着的人都有一个名字。
② No man living could do better. 当代人没有一个能做得比这更好。
Ⅲ. the living “活着的人”如：
The living are more important to us than the dead. 对我们来说活着的人比死了的人更重要。
Ⅳ. live adj. “活着的”读着[laiv],反义词为 dead, 可作定语，放在所修饰的名词之前，一般不用来修饰人。 还可以作动词，读着[liv], 意为“生活”、“生存”如：
① The cat was playing with a live mouse. 这只猫在玩弄一只活老鼠。
② Pandas usually live in the south and the southeast of China. 熊猫通常生活在中国的南部和东南部。