现把情态动词的自己总结心得放在这里，有需要者，请自己动手；有批注者，请留下墨宝！ 情态动词Modal Auxiliary 情态动词：

可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。

情态动词的构成：

can, could, must, need, may, might, will, would, shall, should, would rather, had better, dare, used to, （have to, be able to）

情态动词的用法:

1. 情态动词 + do

2. 情态动词 + have done

3. 情态动词 + be doing

情态动词 + do的特殊用法:

1. will可以表示“愿意”，此时可以用在条件从句中；will用于二、三人称表示习惯或现在经常性的动作。

E.g. If you will listen to me, I’ll give you some advice.

You will sit here for hours saying nothing.

2. would可以表示过去经常性的动作。

E.g. When he was there, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.

3. shall用于二、三人称的陈述句表示命令；用于二、三人称的一般疑问句中表示请求。

E.g. A so called Smith wants to see you. Shall he wait for you inside?

4. should可以表示“按道理来说”的含义。也可以表示一种惊讶语气，此时可以翻译成“竟然”。

E.g. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. E.g. ---When I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.

---They should be ready by 12:00.

5. would rather与had better的否定形式分别为would rather not和had better not。

E.g. You had better not break the rules, or you will be punished.

6. need和dare既可以做情态动词使用（后+do），也可以做实义动词使用（后+to do）。

当sth/sb + need/want/require/demand后+doing/to be done（此时的人往往为“老、弱，病、残、幼、囚）。

I dare say that----- 为固定句型。

E.g. The flowers need watering.

7. used to的否定形式有两种：usedn't to 和didn't use to。反义疑问句也有两种usedn’t和didn’t。

8. must的否定形根据不同的含义式有三种：can't, needn't，mustn't，含义分别为“不可能”，“不必”，“不应该”。

E.g. He can’t tell lies according to what he said.

9. 对would和could一般疑问句的回答必须用will和can。

E.g. ---Could I use your phone? My phone is out of order.

---Yes, you can.

10. can't help doing和could not but do表示“禁不住”。

E.g. When they heard the exciting news, they couldn’t help jumping.

11. can not help but do表示“不可能不做某事”。

E.g. I can not help but notice the scar on his face.

情态动词＋have done的特殊用法:

1. should have done “本应该做----”或“竟然已经----”。

E.g. I should have arranged for the plan better.

To our surprise, Jenny, who is the top student, should have passed the finial exam.

2. must have done“一定已经----”的否定形式为can't have done/couldn't have done，也就是说英语中不存在mustn't have done结构。

E.g. He can’t have attended the meeting, because I didn’t see him at that time.

3. would rather have done 的否定形式为would rather not have done。也就是不存在wouldn't rather have done。

E.g. I would rather not have said those words.

4. needn't have done “本不必做----实际上做了”，而didn't have to “不必做---，实际上也没有做”。

E.g. You needn’t have done all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.

You didn’t have to come here because of the bad weather.

5. may/might have done 可以表示责备语气。

E.g. Don’t do that again. You might have hurt her.

6. 情态动词 + have done的反意疑问句的形式:若句子中有明显的时间状语，则用一般过去时(was/were/did)来反意疑问；若句子中没有明显的时间状语,则用完成式(have/has)来反意疑问。

E.g. Tom muse have been at home yesterday, wasn’t he?

Tom must have been at home, hasn’t he?

7. 情态动词 + have done的省略形式为:情态动词 + have，其原因是have 要体现出是完成式。

E.g. ---I remembered handing out the paper.

---You needn’t have. It was no use at all.

情态动词的注意要点：

1. 情态动词 + have done中，这一结构都是表示一般过去的时态（除了will/shall have done表示将来完成时）。情态动词+do也可以表示过去时态，但没有情态动词+have done过去的概念强。

2. 情态动词可能性排序：must, will（would）/ shall（should） can, could, may, might。

3. can和be able to的区别：can往往只用于现在和过去两种时态，而be able to可以用于各种时态。另外be able to还可以指经过努力而取得成功的某一

次具体的动作。

E.g. The fire spread quickly, but everyone was able to get out.

4. must强调主观原因；have to强调客观原因。

E.g. When you are faced with trouble, you must keep calm.

We have to adjust ourselves to the changing situation.

5. can have done表推测时多用于疑问句或否定句中，不用于肯定句， could have done 用于肯定句中表示“本来可以完成而未完成的动作”。 E.g. He can't / couldn't have forgotten you address so soon.

We could have walked to the station; it was so near.

第二篇：情态动词的总结

情态动词的总结

情态动词的共同点： 1. 无人称和数的变化. 2. 情态动词后加动词原形

情态动词的用法分为两类::

一. 基本用法:

常考点:

1. can; could; be able to的区别

can; could单纯表一个人有某种能力, 一般指天生的

be able to则表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事; 时指过去某个时间 (只有一次) 的能力时, 可用was(were) able to

I was able to beat him at tennis yesterday.

The fire in the hotel was heavy; but everyone was able to escape.

could 也可以表示请求; 语气委婉, 主要用于疑问句, 不可用于肯定句, 答语应用can (即: could 不能用于现在时态的简略答语中), 如:

Could I come to see you tomorrow? Yes, you can. / No, I’m afraid not.

2. must和 have to

must用于一般疑问句, 否定回答用 needn’t

don’t have to do不必做; 不一定要做 = needn’t do

must还可表示固执; “一定要; 非要”

---May I smoke here ?

---If you must, choose a seat in the smoking section.

3. should 和why; how连用, 表 “不能理解”, 有时带有气恼的口气. 意为 “竟然会” I don’t know why you should think that I did it.

---What’s Susan’s telephone number ?

---How should I know?

4. shall 与will

1) shall用于第二、三人称, 表 “允诺; 保证; 命令; 警告”

You shall have an answer by tomorrow.

You shall not leave your post.

2) shall用于第一人称和第三人称疑问句时, 表征求对方的意见或请求.

What shall we do now?

3) shall表法律上, 官方上 “必须; 应该”

Payment shall be made by cheque and terms shall be as follows.

You wanted justice, so you shall get justice.

His life shall be at the mercy of the Duke.

4) will用于第二人称疑问句，表请求、询问或建议

Will you pass me that pen ?

5) will用于各种人称， 表“意愿、决心”

I will go no matter whether it is late or not.

表说话时才考虑到要做的事，用will

---Did you tell Julia about the result?

---Oh, no. I forgot. I will tell her now.

5． would表过去多次重复的习惯性动作

When I was in New York, he would tell me about the life there.

6． need

1) need +do/ need to do

-------needn’t do / don’t need to do

2）表需要，主语为物

+ doing / to be done

The flowers need watering = The flowers need to be watered.

7. may/ might as well 不妨

If that is the case, we may/ might as well try.

二．情态动词表推测，虚拟

用情态动词表虚拟：

情态动词共分为三类：

A．must（肯定、绝对； 不能用于否定推测）、can、could、may、might（可能、也许）这几个词用来表推测，程度由深到浅

B．should、ought to 表理应、按道理说应该；

C．need 有必要

它们后面可跟三种时态：

1． 一般的情况

He must be home by now.

Judging from his accent, he may be a Japanese.

2． 现在正在发生的事

Listen, the students must be having an English class now.

3． 过去的事

You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.

You should have started earlier, but you didn’t .

三．在虚拟条件句中可以省略 if, 但要把相应的were; had; should 提到句首变成倒装句。

Should you feel the urge to pack your bags and explore what the world has to offer, you might want to consider one of the destinations below.

Should you have enough energy left after a day on the slopes, you can take a dip in the pool. 练习：

1. If it were not for literature, the well-known writer J.K.Rowling __________ nowhere in life.

A. could go B. must go

C. would have gone D. should have gone

2. ---Why didn’t you pick up the MP4?

--- I _______________ it, but I didn’t carry that much money.

A. could buy B. should buy

C. must have bought D. could have bought

3. Jack fell off a ladder yesterday but he’s all right. He’s lucky he __________ hurt himself badly.

A. might B. would

C. could have D. should have

4. Jack_____________ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.

A. mustn’t have arrived B. shouldn’t have arrived

C. can’t have arrived D. need not have arrived

5. ---Who is the girl standing over there ?

---Well, if you ____________know, her name is Mary.

A. may B. can C. must D. should

6. Peter’s uncle promised that he ____________buy him a MP4 if he gets a good mark in the test.

A. may B. must C. shall D. can

7. I ______________ often go fishing when I lived in the countryside.

A. should B. would C. could D. might

8. Tom , you ______________leave all your clothes on the floor like this !

A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not

9. Test takers _________________ remain in their seats until all the exam papers have been collected.

A. can B. could C. shall D. would

10. ---Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?

---Something _________________ to him.

A. must happen B. should have happened

C. could have happened D. must have happened

11. ---Daddy, would you buy me an MP3 player if I do well in the first city-wild examination ? ---I ___________________, I promise.

A. would B. shall C. will D. do

12. Now that you are so tired, you _________________ go on working.

A. mustn’t B. can’t C. don’t have to D. oughtn’t to

13. He paid for a seat, when he ______________ have entered free.

A. could B. would C. must D. need

14. The careless driver received a ticket for speeding. He __________________ so fast.

A. mustn’t have driven B. wouldn’t have driven

C. can’t have driven D. shouldn’t have driven

15. I was really anxious about you. You ________________home without a word.

A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left

C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave

17. Although this _______________ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.

A. must B. may C. shall D. should

18. ---What does the sign over there read ?

---“No person ______________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.

A. will B. may C. shall D. must

19. ---Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

---Thanks. You ____________ it. I could manage it myself.

A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done

20. ---I don’t care what people think.

---Well, you ______________.

A. could B. would C. should D. might

21. The traffic is heavy these days. I ____________ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?

A. can B. must C. need D. might

22. The little girl _______________ there alone.

A. not dare go B. dares not go

C. dare not go D. dare not to go

23. ________________ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.

A. Would you be B. Should you be

C. Could you be D. Might you be

24. ---Could I borrow your dictionary?

---Yes, of course you ________________

A. might B. will C. can D. should

25. ---When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.

---They _____________ be ready by 12:00.

A. can B. should C. might D. need