一，定语从句

用来修饰，限定主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可以说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子被称为定语从句。

二，限定性定语从句

如果先行词在从句中充当主语或宾语时，就要用关系代词来引导定语从句。用来引导定语从句的关系代词有：who, whom, that指人；which, that代替事物；代替人或物的所有格用whose.

（一）关系代词 that, who

1. That, who用来指人，在从句中用作主语或宾语，可以互换使用；that也可以用来指

物，但是不能用who指物。

2. 关系代词who, that在从句中做宾语时，常可省略。

3. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。

All the students who come into the room need to take off their shoes.

4. 一般说来，人们倾向于用who指人，用that指物，尤其在口语中。

（二）关系代词which, that

但不能用which。

（三）关系代词whom, whose

1. Whom, whose指人，whom是who的宾格，whose是所有格，分别在从句中作宾语

和定语。

2. Whom在非正式文体中可省略，也可用that或who代替

3. Whose是who和which的所有格，可指人，也可指物或动物。

4. 当whose用来指物时，whose=the+名词+of which/of which + the+ 名词

The book whose cover is broken is yours.= the book the cover of which is broken is yours.

5. 当whose用来指人时，whose=the +名词+of whom/of whom+the+名词

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定语从句总结专练

一、如何选择引导词？

1. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. A. which B. who C. where D. whom

2. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _____ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. A. which B. who C. where D. what

3. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ______ help I would never have got this far.

A. who B. whose C. whom D. which

4. Sales director is a position ______ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.

A. which B. that C. when D. where

5. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.

A. when B. which C. where D. while

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定语从句总结

一、 用还原法做题。

把先行词还原回从句中，看其充当什么成分，然后确定引导词或介词+引导词。

二、定语从句重难题类型

1）.只能用that不能用which的情况

1.先行词是不定代词anything, everything, something , nothing , none 等；

2.先行词为all, few, little, much, any或被它们修饰时

3.先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级，the only, the very, , the last修饰

4.先行词既有人又有物

5.当主句以There be\ Here be\ It is开头时

There is a lot (that) you don’t know.

6.当特殊疑问句由who或which引导时，为避免重复，常用that 代替who或 which

Who is the man that is standing by the door?

2)只能用which不能用that 的情况

1. 引导词前有介词

2. 先行词是一个句子

3.引导非限制性定语从句

4.当引导词的后面有插入语时

3）先行词是the time, the way时

I don’t like the way (This is the second time (that) the president has visited the country

4）先行词是一个句子，引导词只能用which或as；which只能放句中，as可放句首和句中，有时可互换;当其意思为“正如”时，不能换成which.

习惯搭配：as is said above, as is known to all, as it is, as is mentioned above, as is reported等。 5）补回先行词

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定语从句 ，修饰一个名词或代词，或整个句子，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词引出。

关系词1.连接 2. 替代 3.作成分

关系代词有作主。宾。表。定：who, whom , that, whose等。

关系副词有：when, where, why（修饰the reason）等。

18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1--Who 代替人作主语。宾 The man will succeed. He has a positive attitude.

2--whom代替人在定语从句中作宾语，介词后只能用whom

This is the person. I talked to the person just now.

3.which指代物,在定语从句中既可作主语也可作宾语

Thinking is the key. The key opens the doors of the world.

4 whose 用来指人或物，作定语,They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

5., that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 断，找，放

18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。

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1. 定语从句: 1) 定语从句的定义

在复合句中， 修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代词who(宾格whom,所有格whose),that, which 和关系副词where, when, why 等。

The boy who is wearing a black coat bought a dictionary yesterday.

The noodles that（which） my mother cooked were delicious.

The school where I learned judo was very large.

I remember the day when our band was formed.

I don’t know the reason why she got so angry this morning.

2) 定语从句的种类：定语从句可以分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。

(1)限定性定语从句：它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。如果关系代词在限定性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词通常可以省略。

Do you know the girl who just came in?

Shanghai is a city（that）I’ve always wanted to visit.

Her sister married a man (who/whom/that) she met on a plane.

The time when I first met Mr. White was a very difficult period of my life.

(2)非限定性定语从句：它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限定性定语从句一般不用that 引导，而且不可以省略关系词。

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定语从句

在复合句(包括主句和从句)中, 修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句. 定语从句必须放在被修饰的词之后.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词. 如:

·The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.住在我们隔壁的那个人是卖蔬菜的. ·You must do everything that I do.你必须做我所做的一切.

其中man 和everything 均为先行词,分别受到其后的定语从句who lives next to us 和that I do 的修饰.

初中阶段要掌握的是由that, which, who, whom 等关系代词引导的定语从句.关系代词可在从句中作主语,宾语或表语.通常which指事物,who指人(作宾语时用whom), that 既可指人也可指物. 但在使用时有所区别.

(一) 下列情况,.

1. 先行词是等不定代词或由词时. 如:

·All that is worth doing should be done well.一切值得做的事都应该做好.

2. . 如: ·There is little money that I can spend on books. 我几乎无钱买书.

·The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help. 她唯一能做的事就是去求助于警察.

3. . 如:

·We will never forget the first lesson (that) our chemistry teacher gave us. 化学老师上的第一课我们永远难忘.

4. . 如:

·What is the smallest thing that can be seen under a microscope? 显微镜下能看见最小的东西是做什么?

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定语从句总结

一：概念：

1. 定语从句

2. 先行词

3. 关系词及作用

二：关系词的分类

（1） 关系代词：

指人：1）who/that,在从句中做主语或宾语，做主语不能省略，做宾语时能省略。

eg：The teacher who/that spoke at

the meeting just now is Mr.Lee

2）whom,在从句中只能做宾语。其前没有介词时，可用who/that代替，也可省略。

Eg:The girl( whom/who/that) I met at the party is Susan.

3) whose,在从句中做定语，不可省略。

Eg:The boy whose father is a doctor is my deskmate.

指物：1)that/which,在从句中做主语时不

能省略，做宾语时可以省略。其前有

介词时只能用which .

2)whose,在从句中做定语，不可省略。

Eg:I live in a room whose window faces to the south.

三：关系词的选择

1. 当关系代词定语从句中做主语、宾语时，指人用that/who/whom,指物用that/which.

2. 当关系代词定语从句中做定语时，指人、指物都用whose.

3. 当关系代副词定语从句中做时间状语时，用when;当关系代副词定语从句中做地点状语时，用where; 当关系代副词定语从句中做原因状语时，用why. 四：注意事项

1. 在定语从句中，如果关系代词作主语，谓语动词的形式由先行词决定。

2. 在定语从句中，介词放在关系代词前，关系代词只能用which/whom 五：只用that的情况

1. 当先行词是不定代词

all/something/much/little/none等时。

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