毕业论文（设计）开题报告及任务书

注：此表前四项由学生填写后交指导教师签署意见，否则不得开题。

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河南科技学院新科学院

本科生毕业论文（设计）开题报告

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Discussion on Charles Dickens’ Humanity in Oliver Twist

从《雾都孤儿》看查尔斯狄更斯的仁慈

摘要

儿童是狄更斯小说中的一类主要人物形象，他们是维多利亚时期社会底层人民生活的代表，本文从狄更斯的小说《雾都孤儿》中分析了他的仁慈思想，首先文章介绍了选题研究的背景，接着分析了小说的内容梗概和《雾都孤儿》的主题思想，在此基础上文章重点研究了狄更斯的仁爱思想在小说中的反应，最后笔者剖析了狄更斯产生仁爱思想的原因。希望通过本文的研究能够帮助读者更好的欣赏这部小说。

关键词：仁慈，原因，背景

Abstract

Children were a kind of main characters appearing in Charles Dickens’ novels, and they were the representatives of people living in the bottom of society in the Victorian Period. This paper analyzes Dickens’ humanity in his novel Oliver Twist. It firstly introduces the research background, then analyzes the main content and the theme of Oliver Twist, and on this basis, it focuses on studying the reflection of Dickens’ humanity in the novel. Finally, it analyzes the causes for Dickens’ humanity. I hope the study in this paper can help readers better appreciate the novel.

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1015010305 英语3班 吴冰姿

Book report of Oliver Twist

——analysis of symbolism in Oliver Twist

The story is about an orphan, Oliver Twist, who endures a miserable existence in a workhouse and then is placed with an undertaker. He escapes and travels to London where he meets the Artful Dodger, leader of a gang of juvenile pickpockets. Oliver is led to the lair of their elderly criminal trainer Fagin, naively unaware of their unlawful activities.

The setting of this novel is fog in London as the background. It uses the complex plots and characters show the British social reality, and uses exaggeration and irony reflects the dark side of society. At the same time, everywhere in the work embodies the romantic, the author uses the kind-hearted of a gentleman to show fantasies and hopes of the society.

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1.The hero of the novel is Oliver Twist who was an orphan. Everyday, he suffered from starvation and bully. At last, he can’t ignore the abuse of the boss, he escaped to London along. Then the story began. As soon as he reached London, he was noticed by a thief gang. The head of the gang tried to make Oliver work for him. One day, when Oliver and a member of this gang called Bates were walking in the street, Oliver was arrested by the police because of a misunderstanding that a gentleman named Brownlow thought he had stolen his handkerchief. In fact, Brownlow is one of his father’s friends.

At last, he was set free until the owner of the bookshop proved that he was innocent. In the prison, he got badly hurt and Mr. Brownlow felt very guilty after he was set free. So Mr. Brownlow took him to his home to look after him. In Mr. Brownlow’s home, Oliver experienced the warm of the family. But this was not the end of pain. The head of the thief gang called Fagin. To ensure that Oliver would not leak their secret, Fagin let Nancy and Sikes to catch Oliver back. While Mr. Brown went out one day, Nancy and Sikes caught Oliver. To make Oliver work for him, Fagin beat him cruelly. One midnight, Fagin asked him to steal a big house. To tell the owner, Oliver went the house though the window. But unluckily, the steward thought he was a thief and shoot at him. The real thief ran away and Oliver was abandoned. With a hurt body, Oliver crawling in the snow, didn’t know the way, he came back to the house again. At last, the owner Merry and her

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《雾都孤儿》的读书报告

《雾都孤儿》是英国的著名作家狄更斯的作品。在狄更斯的时代，英国是全世界军事上、经济上最强大的资本主义国家。而社会的种种矛盾却可以在首都伦敦折射出来，那里有豪华的店铺，也有工人和城市贫民栖息的危楼破屋。

《雾都孤儿》的主人公奥立弗·退斯特出生在贫民习艺所，从少受尽欺凌，当他逃到伦敦时却不幸陷入贼窝。但可幸的是在贼老头费根想尽方法把奥立弗调教成贼时，奥立弗没有向命运屈服，仍能保持心灵的纯净和高贵。正因为他这份坚持，使幸运女神眷顾着他，不少好心人如布朗劳先生、梅里太太等伸出援助之手。结果当奥立弗的身世真相大白时，本书已以喜剧收场。本书的语言生动，描绘的人物形象栩栩如生，作者选取了当时社会的多个方面，贫民习艺所，孤儿寄养情况，伦敦费根的贼窝，英国当时生活的真实情况，揭示作者对统治阶级的不满，对社会严酷真实的痛恨跃然纸上。我们可以在从中分析一下：

一 贫民习艺所

相信读过这本小说的读者，都不会忘记这个地方。因为我们的主人公正是在这里出生，虽然不久后便送去“好当家”曼太太家寄养，但在奥立弗满9岁时就又被送回这里。贫民习艺所在狄更斯笔下是英国社会的一大脓疮。贫民习艺所是英国议会在1834年通过的新济贫法中唯一承认的救济方式。然而这种机制秉持着不是“为人民服务”的精神，仅仅是种“伪善”机构，若不是无可奈可贫民们是不会进入这里。

还记得奥立弗因为要求添粥，被囚禁在小黑房间了吗？要求添粥，在习艺所的干事们认为这是“逆天渎神”的罪过。在书中还提到：每天晚祷，他还被押到大厅里去，祷词中明确宣布：奥立弗·退斯特处在邪祟的特殊庇护之下，他是直接从魔鬼的工厂里炮制出来。读到这里，我不禁大声叹道：我的天啊！不就是要求添多一碗粥吗？又不是杀人、放火，置于这样子吗？9岁的年纪正是孩子们长身体的时候，一天3碗粥，只有星期天时才有一点点的面包。当时不是英国繁荣的时候吗？为什么还有这种情况发生。让人哭笑不得的是，其中一位习艺所的穿白背心的绅士听到后立刻预测：我知道那小鬼将来准上绞架台。事实上，最后的奥立弗变成坏人吗？答案是肯定的：没有。

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附表1 铜陵学院学生毕业论文（设计）选题审批表 系 别： 外语系 专业： 英语

注：本表由学生和老师共同完成填写。

附表2 毕业论文（设计）任务书

__蔡秀丽___同学：你好！

你所预选的毕业论文（设计）题目《荒凉山庄》创作手法分析经审定已通过，可以进入研究（设计）阶段，请你按照以下进程要求完成毕业论文（设计）的研究设计任务。

一、在指导教师的指导下，进一步明确所选研究课题的目的和意义；

二、根据选题进行广泛调研，并检索主要参考文献；

三、拟定研究方案（包括研究内容、研究方法、预期目标、研究进度等）；

四、编写论文(设计)提纲；

五、将包含上述内容的开题报告于_2012__年_12__月_20___日前送交指导

老师，并于_2013__年_1_月_10_日前完成开题；

六、请你于2013_年_4__月__10__日前完成毕业论文（设计）的初稿；

七、请你在_2013__年_4_月_11__日至_5_月__31_日之间反复修改初稿（要

求不少于三次）；

八、请你于_2013___年__6_月_7__日前把符合铜陵学院毕业论文（设计）撰

写格式要求的纸质定稿和相关的附件等材料，按要求装订后一式三份，连同对应的电子文档送交你的指导老师；

九、你的毕业论文（设计）如果通过了答辩资格审查，请你在_2013___年6

月__14_日前参加本系统一组织的毕业论文（设计）答辩，并请做好抽答辩准备（具体答辩、抽答辩时间另行通知）；

十、如果你的联系方式发生变动应及时通知你的指导老师。

指导教师电话：139xxxxxxxx__ E-mail:

学 生 电 话 ：189xxxxxxxx____ E-mail：_1210911721@qq.com__ 指导教师签名：_________________ 学 生 签 名：_蔡秀丽______ 下达任务日期：____年____月____日 接受任务日期____年___月___日

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