第二章 说明文

第1节 人物介绍

精彩示例

My Best Friend

My best friend is Li Hua. He is 13 years old and he is a student of Guangming middle school. He is very tall and strong. He works hard at school and would like to help others. When I came to this school in the beginning, I was bad at math and English. I failed in a test and was worried about my study. At this time, Li Hua gave me a hand and helped to improve my math and English. Thanks to his help, my math and English improved a lot and I got good results in the following exams. Gradually we became very good friends. In my opinion, Li Hua is not only an excellent student but also a helpful and kind person. Everyone would like to be his friend.

牛刀小试

A

Mrs Brown

Mrs Brown is an excellent teacher. She is a good-looking woman, with gentle manners and a kind smile. Mrs Brown likes her work very much. She works hard and tries her best to make every class perfect. Listening to her talk is an artistic

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中考英语作文英语作文模板：图表作文的框架

as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in　the　table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),

　　significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______

　　 to ______ in _____。 From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it

　　goes without saying that ________。

　　　　There　are　at　least　two　good　reasons accounting for ______。

　　On　the　one　hand, ________。 On　the　other　hand,　_______ is　

　　due　to　the　fact　that ________。　In　addition, ________ is　

　　responsible　for _______。　Maybe　there　are　some　other　reasons　

　　to　show ________。　But　it　is　generally　believed　that　the　above　mentioned　reasons　are　commonly convincing。

　　　　As　far　as　I　am　concerned,　I hold the point of view that _______。

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1.Illustration（举例法）

一．使用例证法可以把一些观点描述得更具体

二．什么时候用例证法？

三．作者想要阐明或者支撑他的论点的时候。有时候用一个例子就够了，有的时候需要一系列的例子。

四．例子里用什么？

五．例子里可以包括：统计数字、谚语、名人名言、事实、调查、定义。

六．如何用例子？

例子可以更紧密的连接上下文。用过度词来引出例子。

七．组织你的例子按一定的顺序，逐渐提高重要性，最重要的一个例子放在最后。

4.Process （过程分析法）

Eg：作文让你介绍“电梯是如何运行的”之类的。

过程分析法是按照时间顺序来介绍的。

一．何时用过程分析：过程分析法是描述如何做一些事情或者一些事务是怎么运行的。

二．如何来组织过程分析：

1.简单地进行说明

2.文章大致分为五个段落

3.对于某些专业词汇，需要在文章的开头阐述一下

4.结论不要太长，解释清楚即可

（一些重要技巧：

1.在写作前要想好所有的步骤，把他们列出来，不要错过任何一个步骤；

2.将每一步解释的尽可能地清楚：例如你要介绍“保险丝”这个东西，不能称之为“short piece”，而要说成是“one inch”，因为“short piece”可以是one to three inches

3.在介绍步骤的同时顺便可以讲一下某些步骤的原因，这样可以使文章更加连贯

4.在步骤中有一些不能做的事情也要尽可能地写出来，警告读者不要做什么。例如警告读者不要把手放到保险丝里。

5.提到在步骤实行的过程中可能出现的情况，对于读者来说也非常的人性化，确定要让读者知道这些可能出现的问题。）

6.专业术语：你应该让读者能够理解你写的是什么东西，尽可能描述清楚。）

三．如何来开头介绍过程分析

对于“how to”这种的过程分析的开头，你应该给你的读者一些凭证——告诉他们为什么要听从你说的步骤，听从你说的步骤的优点、好处是什么。好的过程描述来源于满足于读者的好奇心。

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狂情英语 试听课程

作文专项（内部资料，概不外传）

考试作文分类：

1.应用文2.记叙文3.说明文4.议论文

满分作文的要素：

1. 题目中的各个点必须 得有，不能有任何遗漏；

2. 体现自己的语态与时态变化能力

3. 亮点词汇与亮点短语；

4. 书写整齐，字迹工整

应该注意的几点：

1. 应用三段式

2. 单句单谓语原则;

3. 首尾段亮点原则；

4. 明确及物动词与非及物动词。

一. 应用文体

书信：

信件开头模板：

I am very glad to hear form you.

How time fles.

With great delight i learn that ......

Sorry for delaying this letter so long .

As i have not heard of you for long ,i feel anxious. Thank you for your kind letter.

I have just recievee your kind letter.

We feel it our duty to tell you that

结束语：

Looking forward to a prompt reply.

Weth kind regards to your family,

Please give my compliments to your family, Wish you a pleasant journey.

Best wishes to you.

对于邀请信来说，

发出邀请：

i am writing to invite you to ......

we hope you will be able to join us and......

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作文题模版 (提纲式模块)

说明原因型模块（1）

Nowadays, there are more and more XX in some big cities. It is estimated that (1). Why have there been so many XX? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is that (2). Besides, (3). The third reason is (4). To sum up, the main cause of XX is due to (5). It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, (6). On the other hand,(7). All these measures will certainly reduce the number of XX.

注释：

（1）用具体数据说明XX现象

（2）原因一

（3）原因二

（4）原因三

（5）指出主要原因

（6）解决建议一

（7）解决建议二

范文：Generation gap between parents and children

Nowadays, there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and children which is so-called generation gap. It is estimated that (75 percentages of parents often complain their children's unreasonable behavior while children usually think their parents too old fashioned). Why have there been so much misunderstanding between parents and children? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is that (the two generations, having grown up at different times, have different likes and dislikes, thus the disagreement often rises between them). Besides(due to having little in common to talk about, they are not willing to sit face to face). The third reason is (with the pace of modern life becoming faster and faster, both of them are so busy with their work or study that they don't spare enough time to exchange ideas).To sum up, the main cause of XX is due to (lake of communication and understanding each other).It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing (children should respect their parents). On the other hand, (parents also should show solicitude for their children). All these measures will certainly bridge the generation gap.

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英语说明文写作指导

一、定义

说明文是对事情的发生、发展、结果、特征、性质、状态、功能等进行解释、介绍、阐述的一种文体；是用说明的表达方式来解说事物，阐明事理。

二、写作基本要求

这类文章的目的和性质是客观地介绍、解释事物，使读者获得知识和信息，并不需要发表主张、做出证明。说明文的基本特点是内容的科学性、说明的条理性和语言的准确性。说明文的种类很多，主要有事物说明文和事理说明文

三、写作注意事项

1．要写好说明文，应该注意以下几点：

①描写要抓住人或物的特征，防止面面俱到。

②说明层次要清楚，应由浅入深，由易到难，由外到里，由始到末。

③选用恰当的说明方法将各要点连接成句子。如定义、举例、比较或对比、类比、分析、说明、叙述.

④使用过渡语将上下文的逻辑关系体现出来。

⑤尽可能选用新颖、典型的素材，使说明的内容生动、有趣，以吸引读者。

2．说明文的写作步骤：

第一步：审题，确定主题句、主体时态(一般以现在时态为主)和中心人称；

第二步：在主题句后按提示顺序将各要点以完整的句子表达出来；

第三步：用过渡词将上下文的逻辑关系体现出来。

课课练

一、完形填空

What does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that

, successful language learners are independent(独立的) learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language, Instead of the teacher to explain, they try to find the rules for themselves. They try to learn from their mistakes.

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英语作文说明文

说明文类

写作指导

说明文的出题形式为文字提示或图表，文体有报道、投稿、书信等。写作步骤如下：

第一步：审题，确定主题句、主体时态(一般以现在时态为主)和中心人称；

第二步：在主题句后按提示顺序将各要点以完整的句子表达出来；

第三步：用过渡词将上下文的逻辑关系体现出来。

常用词有：

①表示时间：now, then, afterwards, soon, five minutes later, before long, shortly after that, soon after supper, to this day, just now, just then

②表示顺序、动作过程：first, firstly, first of all, second, secondly, at first, at last, next

③表示转折：but, yet, and yet, however, although, otherwise, in spite of

④表示结果：thus, therefore, so, as a result, seeing that, luckily, unfortunately

⑤表示强调： above all, indeed, surely, certainly, of course, after all, without any delay, at least, at most ⑥表示并列： and, also, as well as, and then

⑦表示递进： besides, what's more, in addition, even, once more, what was worse

⑧表示解释和说明： that is to say, namely, for example, actually, and so on, such as, believe it or not, to tell you the truth, according this, for this reason

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