篇一 :怎样写好research proposal(中文)

大多数学生和刚起步的研究者都不了解什么是研究计划,也不知道其重要性。简单的说,一个人研究计划的好坏决定了其研究的好坏。一个构思欠佳的研究计划会毁了整个项目,即使它勉强通过了论文答辩委员会。另一方面,一个高质量的研究计划,不仅确保了研究项目的成功,你作为一个研究者的潜力也会给论文委员会留下一个好印象。 

一个研究计划是为了说服别人你有一个有价值的研究计划,同时你有这个能力和相应的工作计划来完成它。总之,一个研究计划应包含所有研究过程中的关键步骤,同时也会给读者足够的信息来评估这个拟定的研究。 

不论你的研究领域是什么,你选择了什么样的方法,所有的研究计划必须解决以下问题:你打算完成什么,为什么你要做这件事,以及你打算怎样去完成它。 

研究计划应该有足够的信息来向你的读者证明你有一个重要的研究想法,你对相关文献和主要问题有很好的把握,同时你的方法是切实可行的。 

研究计划的质量不仅取决于研究项目本身,同时也取决于你的计划书写作。一个好的研究项目也可能会有仅仅因为不好的写作而被否决的风险。因此,非常值得你去写得连贯,清晰并且令人信服。 

这篇文章强调的是计划书的写作,而非研究思路的开展。 

标题: 

标题应该简明扼要。比如,“一个关于…的研究”,这样的句子就应该避免。通常,标题是表达功能关系,因为这样的标题清晰的表达了独立和相关的变量。然而,应尽可能,想一个内容翔实又吸引人的标题。一个有效的标题不仅会激发读者的兴趣,也预示了他们会喜欢这个计划。 

摘要: 

摘要是一个300字左右的简要归纳。它应该包括研究问题,研究的理论基础,假说(如有的话),方法以及主要发现。对方法的描述可能包括试验设计,步骤,样本,还有任何将被用到的手段。 

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篇二 :proposal_范例

Abstract 2

Introduction. 3

Background and rationale: 2

Research questions and objectives: 4

Preliminary literature review.. 4

1.Understanding customers shopping motivations 4

2. The different consumption ways 6

3.Good relationship with consumer. 8

4. Personal values and attitudes 9

Methodology. 11

Target ,Sample and Questionnaire. 11

Case study. 12

Evaluation and Qualitative Research. 13

Research Procedures 13

Reference. 14

Consumption habits change the influence of retail

(Research Proposal)

Abstract

Consumption habits of consumers is one of the key issues which would be taken into retailers’ consideration for their strategies and selling plans. In recent years, lots of new consumption patterns have appeared and come into vogue. The researchers carried out a study using the grounded theory approach through participant-observation and questionnaire research. The researchers chose the retail industry for the study because it provided the ideal conditions to answer the research question. This study aims to finding the way to make clear and assess the affect that comsumption habits changes brought to retail and improve the attractiveness of traditional consumption pattern. The choice of methodology has provided the insight necessary to answer the research question. With improvement and consummation of its outcomes, the research could provide a useful framework of reference for further research of consumption patterns and retail crisis.

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篇三 :Business_Proposal常用句型 及范文

Tips on Writing (注意事项)

√ 建议书要以事实为根据撰写

√ 提出的建议要具体,操作性要强。

√ 对采纳建议能带来的好处既要写的乐观,也要防止吹嘘。

√ 非自发性建议书中的项目投标书,作为一种营运文件,用于一项任务开发之前,往往需

要附有预算表。

Useful Words and Phrases(单词和短语)

A. Words (单词)

annually

benefit

bidder

concrete

convincing

diagram

disqualify

economize

elaborate

escalation

evaluate

exhibit

favorable

formula

hypothesis

impartial

inquiry

logical adv. 每年 n. 益处 n. 投标方 adj. 具体的 adj. 令人信服的 n. 图表 v. 取消资格 v. 节省 v. 阐述 n. 提价 v. 评估 n. 正表 adj. 有利的;积极的 n. 公式 n. 假设 adj. 公正的 n. 询价 adj.

逻辑的

negative

objective

offer

optimize

qualification

quotation

recommendation

regulation

statistics

teleconference

tenderee

zoning adj. 负面的 adj. 可观的 v. 发价 v. 优化 n. 资格 n. 报价 n. 推荐;建议 n. 规章制度 n. 统计(数据) n. 电话会议 n. 招标方 n.

区域划分

B. Phrases (常用短语)

acceptance criteria 接受标准

bid opening 开标

budget forecasting 预算

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篇四 :proposal格式

Research Proposal

1. Research Background

简单陈述选题的原因和研究的背景(前人已做的研究,此研究的意义和价值)

2. Project Objective

研究拟达到的目标

3. Research Methods

计划使用的研究方法,同时陈述使用这些方法的可行性

4. Project Process

简单陈述计划的研究过程

PROPOSAL一般要包括:研究的项目(research project),研究的目的(research aim)研究的方法methodology(理论根据theoretical base,实验case study,数据分析,data analysis等)要注意表达的精确性和逻辑性。句子不要太复杂。格式要简洁,象提纲一样(大标题,小标题)。一般A4两页即可。当然因为你对要做的课题不可能很了解,可将前两项多写。

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篇五 :bec proposal范文

May 21,2013

Dear Mr.Michael James,

Re:Application for Most Improved Organisation Award

I am writing to apply for the Most Improved Award which I have seen advertised in "China Daily" of Monday 14th April 2013.

We are LDs Car Ltd Company.Our headquarter is located in No.569,Yuelu Road,Yuelu District,Changsha,Hunan,China.And we have 40 branches,13 in China and the other 27 branches in US,UK,Australia and Canada

respectively.We are specialize in producing user-friendly cars in the

world.Although our company has 50 years long history,being considered as traditional car brand,we never stop the step by developing new technologies and updating our products in coincide with up-to-date technology.Innovation and Low-Carbon Concept are new corporate philosophy.

Last year,our research and development department designed a new model car which is called "Solar Powered Auto".This new model car has a attractive

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篇六 :research proposal范文

Research proposal

1. Title

Cormac McCarthy’s The Road and American Modern Eschatology

  Or  Modern Eschatology of the 21st century America in Cormac McCarthy’s The Road

2. Introduction

1).about the author:

a.         Most Important achievements about Cormac McCarthy:

Cormac McCarthy is an American novelist and playwright, who was once described as “the best unknown novelist in America”. So far McCarthy has written ten novels, one published five-act play, and one filmed screenplay, among which, novels are considered his most conspicuous literary achievements.

On May 5th, 2009, Cormac McCarthy has won the biennial PEN/Saul Bellow award for lifetime achievement in American literature, for "a distinguished living American author of fiction whose body of work in English possesses qualities of excellence, ambition, and scale of achievement over a sustained career which places him or her in the highest rank of American literature".

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篇七 :商务写作例文 proposal

Writing

Your company exports to a number of countries around the world and is looking for a new agent for international freight. The Export Sales Manager has asked you to write a proposal saying which agent you recommend.

Read the two advertisements below, on which you have already made some notes.

Then, using all your handwritten notes, write your proposal for the Export Sales Manager.

Write 120-140 words on a separate sheet.

商务写作例文proposal

商务写作例文proposal

商务写作例文proposal

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篇八 :proposal basis 范例

proposal basis应该是解释你为什么选这个题目,有什么意义。可以是比较新没有很多前人研究的东西,也可以是著名的作品你找到了新的角度,或者从个人经历上比较吸引你之类。

proposal basis 范例1:

Doris Lessing has established herself as one of the most outstanding woman writers since the Second World War, who has received all prestigious rewards in European literature. The Golden Notebook is widely esteemed as her most significant work, for which she has won the Nobel Prize for literature in 2007. Compared with contemporary radical feminist, Lessing is much more cool-headed and objective. These make me develop a great interest in her and The Golden Book. Most of the study at home and abroad focus on the analysis of its form and then find out the theme of the work. And there are also many articles from the Feminism point of view. My thesis tries to apply Erich Fromm’s freedom concept to analyze the “free women” and their ways to go out of predicament, own true freedom and achieve self-realization. I hope my thesis can shed a light on those females who are striving to realize themselves.

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