The reading passage refutes the idea that the lines in the Sinosauropteryx fossil indicated a feathered dinosaur by demonstrating several counterarguments论据；用来反驳的观点. The lecturer, however, is strongly convinced that lines could represent feathers through /处理问题 advanced提出/提议 by the reading. (In the lecture, the professor points out that the three reasons given by the reading material is not adequate to explain Sinosauropteryx was not a feathered dinosaur. Instead, the professor states that the dinosaur fossil with lines is a strong proof indicating Sinosauropteryx had feathers. )

To start with, according to the reading, those lines may derive from decomposition of a dead dinosaur’s skin instead of being part of a living one. The lecturer does not believe this point for the reason that other animals’ fossils that are buried at the same site have not shown such kind of decomposition; instead，their functional skin structures have been perfectly preseved in the volcanic ash. Therefore, these lines are likely to be well-preserved feathers instead of fibers. (First, the professor says that the fossils of many other animals buried at the site reveal that their functional skin structures have been well preserved in volcanic ash by which she refutes the reading passage's first argument that the lines are remains of skin fiber. However, the professor thinks that the Sinosauropteryx's lines are functional structures, like feathers.)

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In terms whether the zebra mussel will exert negative influence on North American, the passage and lecture are contradictory to each other. The author believes that zebra mussel might do harm the local species as they arrived while the lecturer holds a different opinion.

First of all, the author makes a point that the history events suggest the zebra mussel's invasion is unstoppable. In the past, human transportation makes it possible for zebra mussel spread around the whole Europe and it is likely to happen again in North American. However, the lecturer demonstrates a different idea that a change made in the "ballast water" will prevent the invasion of zebra mussel from continuing. He says that if we refill the "ballast water" with ocean water, the mussel will no longer survive because the saline water might probably kill them all.

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综合写作 tpo29 范文

In the reading, it mainly talks about that the edmontosautus in order to survive would migrate south to more suitable place. Nonetheless, in the lecture, the professor thinks the arguments provided in the reading are not convincing.

First of all, the reading mentions that the edmontosaur’s diet support the migrating idea because in the winter, the cold weather prevent plnats from surviving in the north. Nevertheless, the professor concludes that there is no relation between the magration and food supply by giving the fact that long ago the weather in summer was warmer than today’s and even if at the approach of the winter, there did existed enough nurients to feed animals like edmontosauts.

Additonally, the reading states that the many edmontosaur skeletons have been unreathed in the same site which means that the edmontosaur were in herd and there are some similarities bewteen the edmonsaurs and modern migrating animals that find food by migrating. On the contrary, the professor claims that though the enmonsaurs can live in herd, the propose of living in herd is not migrating but aginasting the predators.

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TPO 33 Writing - Integrated Writing

Reading Part

Carved stone balls are a curious type of artifact found at a number of |locations in Scotland. They date from the late Neolithic period, around 4,000 years ago. They are round in shape; they were carved from several types of stone; most are about 70 mm in diameter; and many are ornamented to some degree. Archaeologists do not agree about their purpose and meaning, but there are several theories.

One theory is that the carved stone balls were weapons used in hunting or fighting. Some of the stone balls have been found with holes in them, and many have grooves on the surface. It is possible that a cord was strung through the holes or laid in the grooves around the ball. Holding the stone balls at the end of the cord would have allowed a person to swing it around or throw it.

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In the lecture, the professor casts doubt on the reading passage’s idea that it is unfortunate that people especially young people are reading far less literature novels, plays, and poems than they used to. The professor disagrees with the opinion of the reading material.

To begin with, according to the reading passage, while there has been a decline in book reading generally, the decline has been especially sharp for literature. So, by reading less literature, the reading public is missing out on important benefits. The professor argues that although the population of reading literature are lesser and lesser, people can gain a lot of benefits from other books. For example, science writing, history, political analysis and so forth are not literature perhaps, but they are often of high quality and these kinds of books can be just as creative and well-written as a novel or a play.

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TPO13综合写作

The author lists three reasons about why he /she thinks commercial fossil trade is harmful for the development of both scientists and the general public. On the contrary, the speaker believes that the benefits of commercial fossil trade greatly outweigh the disadvantages.

Firstly, the author states that if the fossils are sold to private collectors, it will be very difficult for the general public to see them. In this way, it will be a great pity which will lead to a decline in public interests in fossils. While the speaker insist that the public is probably to have greater exposure to fossils resulting from commercial fossil trade. Commercial fossil trade makes it possible for the public to purchase a lot of fossils, even the low-level public institutions like public schools and libraries can now buy interesting fossils and display them for the public.

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TPO作文 2

综合写作

The reading material is mainly about the advantage of putting a people into a group of to work. The speaker, however ,totally contradicts with the author’s opinion by providing evidence, efficiency, and personal aptitude.

First of all, teamwork does not give everyone in the group the equal right to get recognized. The speaker demonstrates that some people in the group may get “free ride”, although they do not contribute something to the final success, they may also be praised like anyone else. However, the real contributors, would not receive the recognition they deserve because the success is recognized as a whole. The passage asserts that since the group as wider range of knowledge, it would definitely reach success. Therefore , the author is challenged by the speaker.

Second, the efficiency of the work would be greatly reduced by the team. According to the lecturer, the members of the team hold different kind of view in many aspects, so it is rather difficult for them to reach an agreement without a lot of meetings, which would take a long time. The reading indicates that teamwork is quicker than individual work.

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