小学英语语法总结（含练习部分）

一、名词复数规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3．以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ]

Leaf——leaves

5．不规则名词复数：

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,

child-children

foot-feet,.tooth-teeth

fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

写出下列各词的复数

I _________him _________this ___________her ______

watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______

day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________

tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____

peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______

man______ woman_______

二、一般现在时

一般现在时基本用法介绍

【No. 1】一般现在时的功能

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1.人称代词
主格： I we you she he it they
宾格： me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs

2.形容词和副词的比较级
(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音节词前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er
bigger fatter,
(4) 把y变i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不规则变化：
well-better, much/many-more,

3.可数词的复数形式
Most nouns + s a book –books
词尾 +y - y+ ies a story—stories
词尾 s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
词尾  o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
词尾  f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves

4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)
bread, rice, water ,juice

5. 缩略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is
it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not

6. a/an
a book, a peach
an egg an hour

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       小学3-6年级英语语法知识总结

1.人称代词
主格： I we you she he it they
宾格： me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs

2.形容词和副词的比较级
(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音节词前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er
bigger fatter,
(4) 把y变i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不规则变化：
well-better, much/many-more,

3.可数词的复数形式
Most nouns + s a book –books
词尾 +y - y+ ies a story—stories
词尾 s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
词尾  o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
词尾  f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves

4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)
bread, rice, water ,juice

5. 缩略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is
it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not

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在小升初备战的关键时刻，同学们一定要把各科的知识点进行系统的整理，让自己的知识立体化、结构化。丁博士帮同学们整理了小学英语语法总结。

一、名词的复数。

名词按其数,可分两种:可数名词和不可数名词.

可数名词的复数变化规则:

1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s, 如:girl-girls, book-books, pen-pens

2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词,在词后加-es, 如:class-classes, box-boxes, match-matches,

3.以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y 为i 再加-es, 如:city-cities, family-families, country- countries

4.以f或fe结尾的,变f或fe为v再加-es, 如:knife-knives, wife-wives, life-lives,

5.以o 结尾的加-es或-s, 如: radio-radios, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, zoo-zoos, photo-photos,

6.man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, child-children,

二、时态小结

时态定义特征动词的变化规则

一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作.every day/morning/?

usually第三人称单数的变化情况:

1.一般情况在词尾直接加-s

2.以ch,sh,s,x或o结尾的词加-es

3.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,将y改成i再加-es

一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或情况.yesterday morning/afternoon/evening last year/month

a minute ago/an hour ago

this morning/afternoon/evening动词过去式的变化情况:

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一般现在时

一. 意义：表示经常发生的事情，动作或存在的状态

二. 构成及变化

1.be动词的变化。

肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?

2. 行为动词的变化。

当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do

肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如： We often play basketball after school.

否定句：主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如：we don’t play basketball after school.

一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它?

如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?

如： What do you often do after school ?

当主语为第三人称单数时 ,助动词为does

肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well.

否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesn’t swim well.. 一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。

如：Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?

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语法及练习1 be动词

Be 动词的用法：

(1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，复数全用are。

(2) 肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.

(3) 一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

用恰当的be动词填空。

1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

2. The girl______ Jack's sister.

3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.

5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.

7. How _______ your father?

8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.

9. Whose dress ______ this?

10. Whose socks ______ they?

语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词

人称代词和物主代词

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询问姓名、年龄。

1, ----What’s your name? ----你叫什么名字？

----My name is ________. ----我叫……。

2, ----How old are you? ----你几岁了？

----I’m 12. ----我十二岁。

II 询问颜色。

1, ----What colour is it? ----它是什么颜色的？

----It’s yellow and white. ----黄白相间。

2, ----What colour are they? ----它们是什么颜色的？

----They’re green. ----绿色的。

III 询问数量或价钱。

1, ----How many kites can you see? ----你可以看见几只风筝？

----I can see 12. ----我可以看见十二只风筝。

2, ----How many crayons do you have? ----你有多少支彩笔？

----I have 16. ----我有十六支。

3, ----How many people are there in your family? ----你家有几口人？

----Three. ----三口人。

4, ----How much is this dress? ----这条连衣裙多少钱？

----It’s ninety-nine yuan. ----九十九元。

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